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1. 发明授权

US06986959B2 Low temperature fuel cell power plant operation 有权
标题翻译：低温燃料电池发电厂运行
公开(公告)号：US06986959B2
公开(公告)日：2006-01-17
申请号：US10624190
申请日：2003-07-22
申请人： Thomas M. Clark , Paul R. Margiott , Albert P. Grasso , Richard D. Breault , Leslie L. Van Dine , Margaret M. Steinbugler , Edward J. Bludnicki
发明人： Thomas M. Clark , Paul R. Margiott , Albert P. Grasso , Richard D. Breault , Leslie L. Van Dine , Margaret M. Steinbugler , Edward J. Bludnicki
IPC分类号： H01M8/04 , H01M8/00
CPC分类号： H01M8/04225 , H01M8/04014 , H01M8/04022 , H01M8/04029 , H01M8/04037 , H01M8/04119 , H01M8/04141 , H01M8/04223 , H01M8/04302 , H01M8/0606 , H01M2250/20 , Y02T90/32
摘要： A fuel cell power plant system includes the ability to operate an enthalpy recovery device even under cold conditions. A bypass arrangement allows for selectively bypassing one or more portions of the enthalpy recovery device under selected conditions. In one example, the enthalpy recovery device is completely bypassed under selected temperature conditions to allow the device to freeze and then later to be used under more favorable temperature conditions. In another example, the enthalpy recovery device is selectively bypassed during a system startup operation. One example includes a heater associated with the enthalpy recovery device. Another example includes preheating oxidant supplied to one portion of the enthalpy recovery device.
摘要翻译：燃料电池发电厂系统包括即使在寒冷条件下操作焓恢复装置的能力。旁路装置允许在选定的条件下选择性地旁路焓回收装置的一个或多个部分。在一个实例中，焓回收装置在选定的温度条件下完全旁路，以使装置冷冻，然后稍后在更有利的温度条件下使用。在另一示例中，在系统启动操作期间有选择地绕过焓恢复装置。一个示例包括与焓恢复装置相关联的加热器。另一个实例包括将提供给焓回收装置的一部分的氧化剂预热。

2. 发明授权

US06432566B1 Direct antifreeze cooled fuel cell power plant 失效
标题翻译：直接防冻冷却燃料电池发电厂
公开(公告)号：US06432566B1
公开(公告)日：2002-08-13
申请号：US09426357
申请日：1999-10-25
申请人： David A. Condit , Richard D. Breault , Leslie L. Van Dine , Margaret M. Steinbugler
发明人： David A. Condit , Richard D. Breault , Leslie L. Van Dine , Margaret M. Steinbugler
IPC分类号： H01M804
CPC分类号： H01M8/04253 , H01M8/04029 , H01M8/04044 , H01M8/04059 , H01M8/04097 , H01M8/04119 , H01M8/04134
摘要： A direct antifreeze cooled fuel cell power plant is disclosed. The plant includes at least one fuel cell a thermal management system that directs flow of a cooling fluid for controlling heat within the plant, including a direct antifreeze solution passing through the water transport plate. The plant also integrates the direct antifreeze solution with a direct mass and heat transfer device, a water treatment system, and a steam injection system so that the direct antifreeze solution minimizes problems related to operation of the plant in sub-freezing conditions. A preferred antifreeze solution is an alkanetriol selected from the group consisting of glycerol, butanetriol, and pentanetriol. The direct antifreeze solutions minimize movement of the antifreeze as a vapor out of a water transport plate into contact with cathode or anode catalysts, and also minimize direct antifreeze solution loss from other power plant systems.
摘要翻译：公开了直接防冻冷却的燃料电池发电厂。该设备包括至少一个燃料电池，该热管理系统引导用于控制设备内的热量的冷却流体的流动，包括通过水输送板的直接防冻溶液。该工厂还将直接防冻溶液与直接质量传热装置，水处理系统和蒸汽注入系统相结合，使得直接防冻溶液最大限度地减少了在低温条件下工厂运行的问题。优选的防冻溶液是选自甘油，丁三醇和戊三醇的烷三醇。直接防冻溶液使防冻剂的运动最小化为从水输送板中蒸出的与阴极或阳极催化剂接触的蒸气，并且还使来自其它发电厂系统的直接防冻溶液损失最小化。

3. 发明授权

US06416891B1 Operating system for a direct antifreeze cooled fuel cell power plant 失效
标题翻译：直接防冻冷却燃料电池发电厂的操作系统
公开(公告)号：US06416891B1
公开(公告)日：2002-07-09
申请号：US09443267
申请日：1999-11-22
申请人： David A. Condit , Richard D. Breault , Leslie L. Van Dine , Margaret M. Steinbugler
发明人： David A. Condit , Richard D. Breault , Leslie L. Van Dine , Margaret M. Steinbugler
IPC分类号： H01M802
CPC分类号： H01M8/04029 , H01M8/0612
摘要： An operating system for a direct antifreeze cooled fuel cell power plant is disclosed for producing electrical energy from reducing and process oxidant fluid reactant streams. The system includes at least one fuel cell for producing electrical energy from the reducing and oxidant fluid streams; fuel processing components for processing a hydrocarbon fuel into the reducing fluid; a thermal management system that directs flow of a cooling fluid for controlling heat within the plant including a porous water transport plate adjacent and in fluid communication with a cathode catalyst of the fuel cell; a direct antifreeze solution passing through the water transport plate; and, a split oxidant passage that directs the process oxidant stream into and through the fuel cell.
摘要翻译：公开了一种用于直接防冻冷却的燃料电池发电厂的操作系统，用于从减少和处理氧化剂流体反应物流中产生电能。该系统包括用于从还原和氧化剂流体流产生电能的至少一个燃料电池; 用于将烃燃料加工成还原流体的燃料处理部件; 引导冷却流体流动以控制设备内的热量的热管理系统，包括邻近并与燃料电池的阴极催化剂流体连通的多孔水输送板; 通过水输送板的直接防冻溶液; 以及将过程氧化剂流引导并通过燃料电池的分离氧化剂通道。

4. 发明授权

US06361891B1 Direct antifreeze cooled fuel cell power plant system 失效
标题翻译：直接防冻冷却燃料电池发电厂系统
公开(公告)号：US06361891B1
公开(公告)日：2002-03-26
申请号：US09467810
申请日：1999-12-20
申请人： Richard D. Breault , David A. Condit , Leslie L. Van Dine , Margaret M. Steinbugler
发明人： Richard D. Breault , David A. Condit , Leslie L. Van Dine , Margaret M. Steinbugler
IPC分类号： H01M804
CPC分类号： H01M8/04119 , H01M8/04029
摘要： A direct antifreeze cooled fuel cell power plant system is disclosed for producing electrical energy from reducing and process oxidant fluid reactant streams. The system includes at least one fuel cell for producing electrical energy from the reducing and oxidant fluid streams; a thermal management system that directs flow of a cooling fluid for controlling temperature within the plant including a porous water transport plate adjacent and in direct fluid communication with a cathode catalyst of the fuel cell; a direct antifreeze solution passing through the water transport plate; and, fuel processing components secured in fluid communication with the thermal management system for processing a hydrocarbon fuel into the reducing fluid and for controlling a concentration of a direct antifreeze in the direct antifreeze solution. The fuel processing components may include a boiler that receives a portion of the direct antifreeze solution from the thermal management system; a steam separator that directs separated steam from the boiler to a reformer for reforming the hydrocarbon fuel to the reducing fluid, and that directs separated liquid direct antifreeze solution back to the thermal management system. A preferred direct antifreeze solution is an alkanetriol selected from the group consisting of glycerol, butanetriol, and pentanetriol.
摘要翻译：公开了用于从减少和处理氧化剂流体反应物流产生电能的直接防冻冷却的燃料电池发电厂系统。该系统包括用于从还原和氧化剂流体流产生电能的至少一个燃料电池; 引导用于控制设备内的温度的冷却流体的流动的热管理系统，包括与燃料电池的阴极催化剂相邻并与燃料电池的阴极催化剂直接流体连通的多孔水输送板; 通过水输送板的直接防冻溶液; 以及燃料处理部件与热管理系统保持流体连通，用于将烃燃料加工成还原流体并控制直接防冻溶液中直接防冻剂的浓度。燃料处理部件可以包括从热管理系统接收直接防冻溶液的一部分的锅炉; 蒸汽分离器，其将分离的蒸汽从锅炉引导到重整器，用于将烃燃料重整为还原流体，并将分离的液体直接防冻溶液引导回热管理系统。优选的直接防冻溶液是选自甘油，丁三醇和戊三醇的烷三醇。

5. 发明授权

US06916571B2 PEM fuel cell passive water management 有权
标题翻译： PEM燃料电池被动水管理
公开(公告)号：US06916571B2
公开(公告)日：2005-07-12
申请号：US10465006
申请日：2003-06-19
申请人： Albert P. Grasso , Glenn W. Scheffler , Leslie L. Van Dine , Brian F. Dufner , Richard D. Breault
发明人： Albert P. Grasso , Glenn W. Scheffler , Leslie L. Van Dine , Brian F. Dufner , Richard D. Breault
IPC分类号： H01M20060101 , H01M2/00 , H01M2/02 , H01M2/08 , H01M2/12 , H01M2/14 , H01M2/36 , H01M8/00 , H01M8/02 , H01M8/04 , H01M8/10
CPC分类号： H01M8/04074 , H01M8/0267 , H01M8/04029 , H01M8/04134 , H01M8/04253 , H01M8/241 , H01M8/2457 , H01M8/2483
摘要： Water flow field inlet manifolds (33, 37) are disposed at the fuel cell stack (11) base. Water flow field outlet manifolds (34, 38) are located at the fuel cell stack top. Outlet and inlet manifolds are interconnected (41-43, 47, 49, 50) so gas bubbles leaking through the porous water transport plate cause flow by natural convection, with no mechanical water pump. Variation in water level within a standpipe (58) controls (56, 60, 62, 63) the temperature or flow of coolant. In another embodiment, the water is not circulated, but gas and excess water are vented from the water outlet manifolds. Water channels (70) may be vertical. A hydrophobic region (80) provides gas leakage to ensure bubble pumping of water. An external heat exchanger (77) maximizes water density differential for convective flow.
摘要翻译：水流场入口歧管（33,37）设置在燃料电池堆（11）的基部。水流场出口歧管（34,38）位于燃料电池堆顶部。出口和入口歧管相互连接（41-43,47,49,50），因此通过多孔水输送板泄漏的气泡通过自然对流而流动，没有机械水泵。立管（58）内的水位变化控制（56,60,62,63）冷却液的温度或流量。在另一个实施方案中，水不循环，但是从出水歧管排出气体和多余的水。水通道（70）可以是垂直的。疏水区域（80）提供气体泄漏以确保泡沫泵送水。外部热交换器（77）使对流流量的水密度差最大化。

6. 发明授权

US06428916B1 Coolant treatment system for a direct antifreeze cooled fuel cell assembly 失效
标题翻译：用于直接防冻冷却的燃料电池组件的冷却剂处理系统
公开(公告)号：US06428916B1
公开(公告)日：2002-08-06
申请号：US09468027
申请日：1999-12-20
申请人： Albert P. Grasso , Richard D. Breault , Leslie L. Van Dine
发明人： Albert P. Grasso , Richard D. Breault , Leslie L. Van Dine
IPC分类号： H01M804
CPC分类号： H01M8/04119 , H01M8/04029
摘要： A coolant treatment system for a direct antifreeze cooled fuel cell power plant including a degassifier for providing interaction between an oxidant and an antifreeze solution which has circulated throughout the fuel cell power plant so that dissolved gases within the antifreeze solution are removed. The fuel cell power plant is configured to allow the antifreeze solution to be in direct fluid communication with the fuel cell assemblies comprising the fuel cell power plant.
摘要翻译：一种用于直接防冻冷却的燃料电池发电厂的冷却剂处理系统，其包括用于提供氧化剂和防冻液之间的相互作用的脱气装置，其循环在整个燃料电池发电厂中，从而除去防冻溶液中的溶解气体。燃料电池发电厂被配置为允许防冻溶液与包括燃料电池发电厂的燃料电池组件直接流体连通。

7. 发明授权

US06514635B2 Procedure for shutting down a fuel cell system having an anode exhaust recycle loop 有权
公开(公告)号：US06514635B2
公开(公告)日：2003-02-04
申请号：US09770042
申请日：2001-01-25
申请人： Leslie L. Van Dine , Margaret M. Steinbugler , Carl A. Reiser , Glenn W. Scheffler
发明人： Leslie L. Van Dine , Margaret M. Steinbugler , Carl A. Reiser , Glenn W. Scheffler
IPC分类号： H01M800
CPC分类号： H01M8/04447 , H01M8/0258 , H01M8/0267 , H01M8/04097 , H01M8/04223 , H01M8/04303 , H01M8/04455 , H01M8/04753 , H01M8/04798 , H01M8/0662 , H01M8/241 , H01M8/2457
摘要： A procedure for shutting down an operating fuel cell system that recirculates a portion of the anode exhaust in a recycle loop, includes disconnecting the primary load from the external circuit, stopping the flow of air to the cathode, and applying an auxiliary resistive load across the cells to reduce and/or limit cell voltage and reduce the cathode potential while fuel is still flowing to the anode and the anode exhaust is recirculating. The fuel flow is then stopped, but the anode exhaust continues to be circulated in the recycle loop to bring the hydrogen therein into contact with a catalyst in the presence of oxygen to convert the hydrogen to water, such as in a catalytic burner. The recirculating is continued until substantially all the hydrogen is removed. The cell may then be completely shut down. No inert gas purge is required as part of the shut-down process.

8. 发明授权

US06777119B2 Actively-cooled water recovery in fuel cell power plants 有权
标题翻译：燃料电池发电厂积极冷却水回收
公开(公告)号：US06777119B2
公开(公告)日：2004-08-17
申请号：US10095691
申请日：2002-03-12
申请人： Michael S. Demissie , Leslie L. Van Dine , Margaret M. Steinbugler
发明人： Michael S. Demissie , Leslie L. Van Dine , Margaret M. Steinbugler
IPC分类号： H01M818
CPC分类号： H01M8/04007 , H01M8/04141 , H01M8/04149 , H01M8/04156 , H01M8/0432 , H01M8/04335 , H01M8/04708 , H01M8/04835 , H01M8/0612
摘要： A fuel cell power plant with enhanced water recovery includes a fuel cell power plant adapted to receive a reducing fluid and an oxidant and to generate therefrom electricity and an at least partially saturated exhaust stream; a mass and energy transfer device defining a first flow passage for the wet exhaust stream and a second flow passage for an oxidant stream, the first flow passage being in mass transfer relationship with the second flow passage; and an apparatus for cooling at least one of the oxidant stream, the exhaust stream and the mass and energy transfer device, whereby water is transferred from the exhaust stream to the oxidant stream so as to produce an at least partially saturated oxidant stream. A method is also disclosed.
摘要翻译：具有增强的水回收的燃料电池发电厂包括燃料电池发电厂，其适于接收还原流体和氧化剂，并从其产生电和至少部分饱和的废气流; 质量和能量传递装置，其限定用于湿排气流的第一流动通道和用于氧化剂流的第二流动通道，第一流动通道与第二流动通道传质关系; 以及用于冷却氧化剂流，排气流和质量和能量转移装置中的至少一种的装置，由此水从排气流转移到氧化剂流，以便产生至少部分饱和的氧化剂流。还公开了一种方法。

9. 发明申请

US20100040914A1 FUEL-CASCADED FUEL CELL STACKS WITH DECOUPLED POWER OUTPUTS 审中-公开
标题翻译：燃料燃油电池堆叠，带有分离式电源输出
公开(公告)号：US20100040914A1
公开(公告)日：2010-02-18
申请号：US12448666
申请日：2006-12-29
申请人： Sitaram Ramaswamy , Margaret M. Steinbugler , Leslie L. Van Dine
发明人： Sitaram Ramaswamy , Margaret M. Steinbugler , Leslie L. Van Dine
IPC分类号： H01M8/04
CPC分类号： H01M8/249 , H01M8/04029 , H01M8/04089 , H01M8/04462 , H01M8/04559 , H01M8/04589 , H01M8/04753 , H01M8/04761 , H01M16/003 , H01M2008/1095
摘要： Fuel exhaust (109) of a primary fuel cell stack (11) flows into an auxiliary fuel cell stack (12) which powers a DC storage (82) feeding a bi-directional DC/AC converter (86) that is switchable (89) to auxiliary equipment (90, 91) (such as pumps) to a main power bus (54) feeding a main load (55). Fresh fuel (97) is provided (98, 105) to the primary stack for 90% fuel utilization, with over 99% overall power plant fuel utilization. The auxiliary equipment (90, 91) may be powered by the bus (54).
摘要翻译：主燃料电池堆（11）的燃料排气（109）流入辅助燃料电池堆（12），该辅助燃料电池堆（12）为可切换（89）的双向DC / AC转换器（86）供电的DC存储器（82）辅助设备（90,91）（例如泵）连接到馈送主负载（55）的主电力总线（54）。新燃料（97）（98,105）被提供给初级堆叠以达到90％的燃料利用率，总发电厂燃料利用率超过99％。辅助设备（90,91）可由总线（54）供电。

10. 发明授权

US07250229B2 Procedure for starting up a fuel cell system having an anode exhaust recycle loop 有权
标题翻译：启动具有阳极排气循环回路的燃料电池系统的步骤
公开(公告)号：US07250229B2
公开(公告)日：2007-07-31
申请号：US11231285
申请日：2005-09-20
申请人： Deliang Yang , Margaret M. Steinbugler , Richard D. Sawyer , Leslie L. Van Dine , Carl A. Reiser
发明人： Deliang Yang , Margaret M. Steinbugler , Richard D. Sawyer , Leslie L. Van Dine , Carl A. Reiser
IPC分类号： H01M8/06
CPC分类号： H01M8/04302 , H01M8/0258 , H01M8/04007 , H01M8/04022 , H01M8/04097 , H01M8/04223 , H01M8/04231 , H01M8/04238 , H01M8/241 , H01M8/2457 , H01M16/003
摘要： A procedure for starting up a fuel cell system that is disconnected from its primary load and that has air in both its cathode and anode flow fields includes a) connecting an auxiliary resistive load across the cell to reduce the cell voltage; b) initiating a recirculation of the anode flow field exhaust through a recycle loop and providing a limited flow of hydrogen fuel into that recirculating exhaust; c) catalytically reacting the added fuel with oxygen present in the recirculating gases until substantially no oxygen remains within the recycle loop; disconnecting the auxiliary load; and then d) providing normal operating flow rates of fuel and air into respective anode and cathode flow fields and connecting the primary load across the cell. The catalytic reaction may take place on the anode or within a catalytic burner disposed within the recycle loop. The procedure allows start-up of the fuel cell system without the use of an inert gas purge while minimizing dissolution of the catalyst and corrosion of the catalyst support during the start-up process.
摘要翻译：用于启动与其主负载断开且在其阴极和阳极流场中具有空气的燃料电池系统的过程包括：a）在电池之间连接辅助电阻负载以降低电池电压; b）启动阳极流场排气通过循环回路的再循环，并向该再循环排气提供有限的氢气燃料流; c）使添加的燃料与存在于再循环气体中的氧直接催化反应，直到基本上没有氧气残留在循环回路内; 断开辅助负载; 然后d）将燃料和空气的正常操作流量提供到相应的阳极和阴极流场中，并将主负载连接在电池上。催化反应可以在阳极上或在设置在循环回路内的催化燃烧器中进行。该程序允许在不使用惰性气体吹扫的情况下启动燃料电池系统，同时最小化催化剂的溶解和在启动过程中催化剂载体的腐蚀。

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