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    • 3. 发明授权
    • Liquid crystal display element with gap controlling material and process
for production thereof
    • 具有间隙控制材料的液晶显示元件及其制造方法
    • US4362771A
    • 1982-12-07
    • US311971
    • 1981-10-16
    • Takao UmedaTatsuo IgawaYuzuru SimazakiTakao MiyashitaFumio Nakano
    • Takao UmedaTatsuo IgawaYuzuru SimazakiTakao MiyashitaFumio Nakano
    • G02F1/13G02F1/1337G02F1/1339G09F9/30C09K3/34
    • G02F1/13392Y10T428/1068Y10T428/1073Y10T428/1086
    • This invention relates to a liquid crystal display element comprising a pair of transparent substrates, electrodes formed on the individual surfaces thereof facing each other, a liquid crystal material layer held between the substrates, and gap controlling material for keeping the gap between the substrates, and is characterized in that the gap controlling material is dispersed and fixed on the substrate surface by an insulating coating film such as an orientation controlling film.When the gap controlling material is thus dispersed and fixed, it does not move between the substrates, and hence the change of the gap length between the substrates is prevented, so that there can be obtained a liquid crystal display element in which the distance between the substrates is uniform. Moreover, when the insulating coating film is an orientation controlling film, the dispersion and fixation of the gap controlling material is completed simultaneously with the formation of the orientation controlling film, so that beneficial effect can be obtained also with respect to working efficiency.When the gap controlling material is a combination of a polymer solid and an insulating material having a higher softening point and regidity than those of the polymer solid, the uniformalization and change prevention of the gap length are more effectively achieved.
    • 本发明涉及一种液晶显示元件,包括一对透明基板,形成在彼此面对的各个表面上的电极,保持在基板之间的液晶材料层和用于保持基板之间的间隙的间隙控制材料,以及 其特征在于,间隙控制材料通过诸如取向控制膜的绝缘涂膜分散并固定在基板表面上。 当间隙控制材料因此被分散和固定时,其不会在基板之间移动,因此防止了基板之间的间隙长度的变化,从而可以获得液晶显示元件,其中, 基材均匀。 此外,当绝缘涂膜是取向控制膜时,与形成取向控制膜同时完成间隙控制材料的分散和固定,从而在工作效率方面也可获得有益的效果。 当间隙控制材料是聚合物固体和具有比聚合物固体高的软化点和反应性的绝缘材料的组合时,更有效地实现了间隙长度的均匀化和防止变化。
    • 4. 发明授权
    • Apparatus and method for driving an optical printer having a liquid
crystal optical switch
    • 用于驱动具有液晶光开关的光学打印机的装置和方法
    • US5095376A
    • 1992-03-10
    • US556580
    • 1990-07-24
    • Takao UmedaTetsuya NagataTatsuo Igawa
    • Takao UmedaTetsuya NagataTatsuo Igawa
    • G09G3/36B41J2/445B41J2/447G02F1/133G06K15/12
    • G06K15/1252B41J2/4473
    • An apparatus and method for driving an optical printer having at least one liquid crystal optical switch including a ferroelectric liquid crystal layer interposed between a pair of substrates having electrodes on confronting surfaces thereof, the at least one liquid crystal switch being disposed between a light source and a photosensitive surface, a light transmission state of the at least one liquid crystal optical switch being controlled by application of a voltage signal to the at least one liquid crystal optical switch so as to control light transmission to the photosensitive surface. A first voltage signal is applied to the liquid crystal of at least one liquid crystal optical switch in a writing period in which the light transmission state is determined in accordance with a printing signal for printing. A second voltage signal having a DC component of one polarity is applied to the liquid crystal layer in a retention period. A third voltage signal having a DC component of an opposite polarity is applied to the liquid crystal layer in a reset period in which the at least one liquid crystal optical switch is placed in a light interrupting state, and a fourth voltage signal having a DC component of the one polarity is applied to the liquid crystal layer in a period other than an excluding period which is formed of the writing period, the retention period and the reset period.
    • 一种用于驱动光学打印机的装置和方法,所述光学打印机具有至少一个液晶光学开关,所述液晶光学开关包括介于具有在其相对表面上的电极的一对基板之间的铁电液晶层,所述至少一个液晶开关设置在光源和 感光表面,通过向至少一个液晶光开关施加电压信号来控制至少一个液晶光开关的透光状态,以控制对感光表面的光透射。 在根据用于打印的打印信号确定光透射状态的写入周期中,对至少一个液晶光开关的液晶施加第一电压信号。 具有一个极性的DC分量的第二电压信号在保持期间被施加到液晶层。 具有相反极性的DC分量的第三电压信号在至少一个液晶光开关处于遮光状态的复位时段中被施加到液晶层,并且具有DC分量的第四电压信号 在由写入期间,保持期间和复位期间形成的排除期间以外的期间向液晶层施加一个极性。
    • 8. 发明授权
    • Image forming apparatus capable of preventing the winding on the image
carrier
    • 能够防止图像载体上的卷绕的图像形成装置
    • US5321477A
    • 1994-06-14
    • US952732
    • 1992-11-24
    • Tetuya NagataTakao UmedaTakao TakumaTatsuo IgawaMasato Miwa
    • Tetuya NagataTakao UmedaTakao TakumaTatsuo IgawaMasato Miwa
    • G03G15/16
    • G03G15/1645G03G15/165
    • It has been discovered that a cause of a transfer member winding on an image carrier at the time of transfer is attributable to a discharge in a gap formed between a forward end of the image carrier and a transfer member transporter and is characterized in that the discharge in that gap is ineffectuated by being controlled. An image-forming apparatus capable of preventing not only the winding on the image carrier, but also the fouling of the forward end even when the transfer member is changed in size, is provided by controlling the discharge in the gap. The gap may be ineffectuated by being pressed physically using a guide, thereby preventing the discharge in the gap. As an alternative, the transfer charge amount is controlled in accordance with the position where the forward end of the image carrier passes the transfer element.
    • PCT No.PCT / JP92 / 00452 Sec。 371日期:1992年11月24日 102(e)日期1992年11月24日PCT提交1992年4月10日PCT公布。 出版物WO92 / 18912 PCT 日期:1992年10月29日。已经发现,在转印时在图像载体上缠绕的转印构件的原因归因于在图像载体的前端和转印构件转运体之间形成的间隙中的放电 其特征在于,该间隙中的放电被控制而无效。 通过控制间隙中的放电,能够提供即使当转印部件尺寸改变时,不仅可以防止图像载体上的卷绕,而且防止前端的结垢的图像形成装置。 通过使用引导件物理地按压间隙可能无法实现间隙,从而防止间隙中的放电。 作为替代,转印电荷量根据图像载体的前端经过转印元件的位置被控制。
    • 10. 发明授权
    • Multiplexed driving method for an optical switching element employing
ferroelectric liquid crystal
    • 使用铁电液晶的光开关元件的复用驱动方法
    • US4746196A
    • 1988-05-24
    • US46171
    • 1987-05-05
    • Takao UmedaTetsuya NagataYuzuru SimazakiTatsuo IgawaYasuro Hori
    • Takao UmedaTetsuya NagataYuzuru SimazakiTatsuo IgawaYasuro Hori
    • G09G3/18G02F1/133G09G3/36G02F1/13G09G3/00
    • G09G3/3629G09G3/3696G09G2310/06G09G2310/063Y10S359/90
    • A multiplexed driving method of an optical switching element employing ferroelectric liquid crystal with a negative dielectric anisotropy including signal electrodes and common signal electrodes arranged in matrix and a ferroelectric liquid crystal layer disposed therebetween so as to constitute pixels at the respective facing portions of the signal electrodes and the common signal electrodes comprising a step of applying a common writing signal voltage to one of the common signal electrode to select pixels to which information be written, simultaneously applying a common status holding AC signal voltage to the other common signal electrodes covering non-selected pixels and simultaneously applying one of two signal pulses with opposite polarities to the signal electrodes, whereby resultant information writing voltages formed in combination of the common writing signal voltage and the signal pulses, which are enough to determine the orientation of the ferroelectric liquid crystal molecules, are applied on the selected pixels and resultant AC status holding voltage formed in combination of the common status holding AC signal voltage and the signal pulses which determine the limited bias voltage for the resultant AC voltage are applied on the non-selected pixels.
    • 采用具有负介电各向异性的铁电液晶的光开关元件的多路复用驱动方法,该介质各向异性包括以矩阵形式布置的信号电极和公共信号电极,以及设置在它们之间的铁电液晶层,以在信号电极的各个相对部分处构成像素 并且公共信号电极包括将公共写入信号电压施加到公共信号电极之一以选择要写入信息的像素的步骤,同时将保持AC信号电压的公共状态施加到覆盖未选择的其它公共信号电极 并且同时向信号电极施加具有相反极性的两个信号脉冲之一,由此产生的共同写入信号电压和信号脉冲组合的结果信息写入电压足以确定铁电液晶分子的取向 对所选择的像素进行施加,并且将合成的共同状态保持AC信号电压和确定用于所得AC电压的限制偏置电压的信号脉冲形成的合成AC状态保持电压施加在未选择的像素上。