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    • 4. 发明申请
    • PIEZOELECTRIC FORCE SENSING APPARATUS AND METHODS FOR BIOPOLYMER SEQUENCING
    • 压电力传感装置和生物聚合物测序方法
    • WO1997016699A1
    • 1997-05-09
    • PCT/US1996014462
    • 1996-09-10
    • TRUSTEES OF BOSTON UNIVERSITY
    • TRUSTEES OF BOSTON UNIVERSITYCANTOR, Charles, R.SMITS, Johannes, G.SMITH, Cassandra, L.
    • G01B07/34
    • C07K1/128B82Y35/00C12Q1/68C12Q1/6869C12Q2565/607
    • The invention relates to methods and apparatus for determining the structure of a biopolymer by piezoelectric force sensing. Biopolymers which can be analyzed include nucleic acids, proteins, polysaccharides and most any sequence of monomers. Biopolymers or biopolymer fragments are attached to a force sensing apparatus and subjected to an electric or magnetic field. The target generates a detectable force on the force sensing apparatus. Force information collected from multiple force sensing elements can be compiled and the structure of the biopolymer determined. Structure information determined may reveal sequence, size, mass or charge information specific for the biopolymer. The invention also relates to methods for the detection of biopolymers in a heterogenous mixture and methods for the detection of a disorder by piezoelectric force sensing. The invention further relates to methods and devices for measuring the mass of a molecular or macromolecular target by analyzing harmonic resonance frequencies.
    • 本发明涉及通过压电力感测来确定生物聚合物的结构的方法和装置。 可以分析的生物聚合物包括核酸,蛋白质,多糖和大多数任何单体序列。 生物聚合物或生物聚合物碎片连接到力感测装置并经受电场或磁场。 目标在力感测装置上产生可检测力。 可以编制从多个力传感元件收集的力信息,并确定生物聚合物的结构。 确定的结构信息可能会显示生物聚合物特有的序列,大小,质量或电荷信息。 本发明还涉及用于检测异种混合物中的生物聚合物的方法和通过压电力感测来检测病症的方法。 本发明还涉及通过分析谐波谐振频率来测量分子或大分子靶的质量的方法和装置。
    • 5. 发明申请
    • NUCLEIC ACID DETECTION METHODS
    • 核酸检测方法
    • WO1996036731A2
    • 1996-11-21
    • PCT/US1996006527
    • 1996-05-20
    • TRUSTEES OF BOSTON UNIVERSITY
    • TRUSTEES OF BOSTON UNIVERSITYSMITH, Cassandra, L.YAAR, RonSZAFRANSKI, PrzemyslawCANTOR, Charles, R.
    • C12Q01/68
    • C12Q1/6827C12Q1/6823C12Q2537/1376C12Q2521/307C12Q2535/131C12Q2525/151C12Q2565/501
    • The invention relates to methods for rapidly determining the sequence and/or length of a target sequence. The target sequence may be a series of known or unknown repeat sequences which are hybridized to an array of probes. The hybridized array is digested with a single-strand nuclease and free 3'-hydroxyl groups extended with a nucleic acid polymerase. Nuclease cleaved heteroduplexes can be easily distinguished from nuclease uncleaved heteroduplexes by differential labeling. Probes and target can be differentially labeled with detectable labels. Matched target can be detected by cleaving resulting loops from the hybridized target and creating free 3-hydroxyl groups. These groups are recognized and extended by polymerases added into the reaction system which also adds or releases one label into solution. Analysis of the resulting products using either solid phase or solution. These methods can be used to detect characteristic nucleic acid sequences, to determine target sequence and to screen for genetic defects and disorders. Assays can be conducted on solid surfaces allowing for multiple reactions to be conducted in parallel and, if desired, automated.
    • 本发明涉及用于快速确定靶序列的序列和/或长度的方法。 靶序列可以是与探针阵列杂交的一系列已知或未知的重复序列。 杂交阵列用单链核酸酶消化,游离的3'-羟基用核酸聚合酶延伸。 核酸酶切割的异源双链体可以通过差异标记容易地与核酸酶未切割的异源双链体区分开。 探针和靶可以用可检测的标记差异标记。 可以通过从杂交靶标切割得到的环并产生游离的3-羟基来检测匹配的靶。 这些基团被加入到反应体系中的聚合酶识别和扩增,该反应体系也将一个标记物添加或释放到溶液中。 使用固相或溶液分析所得产物。 这些方法可用于检测特征性核酸序列,确定靶序列并筛选遗传缺陷和病症。 测定可以在固体表面进行,允许并行进行多个反应,如果需要,可以进行自动化。
    • 9. 发明申请
    • HAPLOTYPE ANALYSIS
    • HAPLOTYPE分析
    • WO2004065617A2
    • 2004-08-05
    • PCT/US2004/001329
    • 2004-01-16
    • THE TRUSTEES OF BOSTON UNIVERSITYCANTOR, Charles, R.DING, Chunming
    • CANTOR, Charles, R.DING, Chunming
    • C12Q
    • C12Q1/6827C12Q1/6858C12Q2600/156C12Q2527/137C12Q2537/143C12Q2565/627
    • The present invention provides an efficient way for high throughput haplotype analysis. Several polymorphic nucleic acid markers, such as SNPs, can be simultaneously and reliably determined through multiplex PCR of single nucleic acid molecules in several parallel single molecule dilutions and the consequent statistical analysis of the results from these parallel single molecule multiplex PCR reactions results in reliable determination of haplotypes present in the subject. The nucleic acid markers can be of any distance to each other on the chromosome. In addition, an approach wherein overlapping DNA markers are analyzed can be used to link smaller haplotypes into larger haplotypes. Consequently, the invention provides a powerful new tool for diagnostic haplotyping and identifying novel haplotypes.
    • 本发明提供了高通量单倍型分析的有效方法。 可以通过多个平行的单分子稀释物中的单个核酸分子的多重PCR来同时并可靠地测定几种多态性核酸标记,例如SNP,并且随后对来自这些平行的单分子多重PCR反应的结果的统计分析导致可靠的测定 的单倍体存在于受试者。 核酸标记在染色体上可以彼此有任何距离。 此外,分析重叠的DNA标记物的方法可用于将较小的单倍型连接到较大的单元型中。 因此,本发明为诊断单倍型和鉴定新型单体型提供了强大的新工具。
    • 10. 发明申请
    • CIS/TRANS RIBOREGULATORS
    • CIS / TRANS RIBOREGULATORS
    • WO2004046321A2
    • 2004-06-03
    • PCT/US2003/036506
    • 2003-11-14
    • TRUSTEES OF BOSTON UNIVERSITYCOLLINS, James, J.ISAACS, Farren, J.DWYER, Daniel, J.CANTOR, Charles, R.
    • COLLINS, James, J.ISAACS, Farren, J.DWYER, Daniel, J.CANTOR, Charles, R.
    • C12N
    • C12N15/67C12N15/11C12N2310/53C12Q1/6897
    • The present invention provides nucleic acid molecules, DNA constructs, plasmids, and methods for post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression using RNA molecules to both repress and activate translation of an open reading frame. Repression of gene expression is achieved through the presence of a regulatory nucleic acid element (the cis-repressive RNA or crRNA) within the 5' untranslated region (5' UTR) of an mRNA molecule. The nucleic acid element forms a hairpin (stem/loop) structure through complementary base pairing. The hairpin blocks access to the mRNA transcript by the ribosome, thereby preventing translation. In particular, in embodiments of the invention designed to operate in prokaryotic cells, the stem of the hairpin secondary structure sequesters the ribosome binding site (RBS). In embodiments of the invention designed to operate in eukaryotic cells, the stem of the hairpin is positioned upstream of the start codon, anywhere within the 5' UTR of an mRNA. A small RNA (trans-activating RNA, or taRNA), expressed in trans, interacts with the crRNA and alters the hairpin structure. This alteration allows the ribosome to gain access to the region of the transcript upstream of the start codon, thereby activating transcription from its previously repressed state.
    • 本发明提供核酸分子,DNA构建体,质粒和用于转录后调节基因表达的方法,其使用RNA分子抑制和激活开放阅读框的翻译。 通过在mRNA分子的5'非翻译区(5'UTR)内存在调节性核酸元件(顺式抑制性RNA或crRNA)来实现基因表达的抑制。 核酸元件通过互补碱基配对形成发夹(茎/环)结构。 发夹阻止核糖体进入mRNA转录物,从而阻止翻译。 特别地,在设计用于在原核细胞中操作的本发明的实施方案中,发夹二级结构的茎螯合核糖体结合位点(RBS)。 在设计用于在真核细胞中操作的本发明的实施方案中,发夹的茎位于起始密码子的上游,位于mRNA的5'UTR内的任何位置。 以反式表达的小RNA(反式激活RNA或者taRNA)与crRNA相互作用并改变发夹结构。 这种改变允许核糖体进入起始密码子上游的转录物区域,从而从其先前的抑制状态激活转录。