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1. 发明申请

WO2008033763A2 NANOWIRES AND NANORIBBONS AS SUBWAVELENGTH OPTICAL WAVEGUIDES AND THEIR USE AS COMPONENTS IN PHOTONIC CIRCUITS AND DEVICES 审中-公开
标题翻译：纳米级和纳米比亚作为亚光波长波长及其作为光电路和器件中的组件使用
公开(公告)号：WO2008033763A2
公开(公告)日：2008-03-20
申请号：PCT/US2007/078021
申请日：2007-09-10
申请人： THE REGENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA , YANG, Peidong , SIRBULY, Donald, J. , FAN, Rong , LAW, Matt , TAO, Andrea
发明人： YANG, Peidong , SIRBULY, Donald, J. , FAN, Rong , LAW, Matt , TAO, Andrea
IPC分类号： G02B6/10
CPC分类号： G01N21/05 , B01L3/5027 , B82Y20/00 , G01N21/552 , G01N21/648 , G01N21/6489 , G01N21/658 , G01N2021/0346 , G02B6/107
摘要： A microfluidic optical sensor utilizes at least one subwavelength nanowire or nanoribbon waveguide coupled to a fluidic structure having at least one nanofluidic channel through which one or more molecular species are conveyed. In response to optical pumping (e.g., a laser source) the waveguide optically interrogates nearby molecular species retained within said fluidic structure to detect chemical species in response to optical characterization of small (on the order of sub-picoliter) volumes of solution. Characterization is performed in response to evanescent wave sensing. In one aspect, optical characterization is selected from the group of optical characterizations consisting of absorbance, fluorescence and surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS).
摘要翻译：微流体光学传感器利用至少一个亚波长纳米线或纳米波导波导耦合到具有至少一个纳流体通道的流体结构，一个或多个分子物质通过该纳米流体通道传送。响应于光学泵浦（例如，激光源），波导光学地询问保留在所述流体结构内的附近的分子物质，以响应于小的（大约次级皮升）体积的溶液的光学表征来检测化学物质。响应于ev逝波感测执行表征。在一个方面，光学表征选自由吸光度，荧光和表面增强拉曼光谱（SERS）组成的光学表征组。

2. 发明申请

WO2005114282A2 NANOWIRES AND NANORIBBONS AS SUBWAVELENGTH OPTICAL WAVEGUIDES AND THEIR USE AS COMPONENTS IN PHOTONIC CIRCUITS AND DEVICES 审中-公开
标题翻译：纳米级和纳米比亚作为亚光波长波长及其作为光电路和器件中的组件使用
公开(公告)号：WO2005114282A2
公开(公告)日：2005-12-01
申请号：PCT/US2005/017029
申请日：2005-05-13
申请人： THE REGENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA , YANG, Peidong , LAW, Mat , SIRBULY, Donald, J. , JOHNSON, Justin, C. , SAYKALLY, Richard
发明人： YANG, Peidong , LAW, Mat , SIRBULY, Donald, J. , JOHNSON, Justin, C. , SAYKALLY, Richard
IPC分类号： G02B6/12
CPC分类号： G02B6/107 , B82Y20/00 , H01S5/041 , H01S5/1042 , H01S5/32341 , H01S5/3401 , H01S5/341 , H01S5/347
摘要： Nanoribbons and nanowires having diameters less than the wavelength of light are used in the formation and operation of optical circuits and devices. Such nanostructures function as subwavelength optical waveguides which form a fundamental building block for optical integration. The extraordinary length, flexibility and strength of these structures enable their manipulation on surfaces, including the precise positioning and optical linking of nanoribbon/wire waveguides and other nanoribbon/wire elements to form optical networks and devices. In addition, such structures provide for waveguiding in liquids, enabling them to further be used in other applications such as optical probes and sensors.
摘要翻译：在光电路和器件的形成和操作中使用具有小于光波长的直径的纳米带和纳米线。这种纳米结构用作亚波长光波导，其形成用于光学集成的基本构建块。这些结构的非凡长度，灵活性和强度使得它们能够对表面进行操纵，包括纳米棒/线波导和其他纳米棒/线元件的精确定位和光学连接以形成光网络和设备。此外，这种结构提供液体中的波导，使得它们能够进一步用于其它应用中，例如光学探针和传感器。

3. 发明申请

WO2007127631A2 MONOLITHIC MULTINOZZLE EMITTERS FOR NANOELECTROSPRAY MASS SPECTROMETRY 审中-公开
标题翻译：用于纳米电喷雾质谱分析的单晶多孔发射体
公开(公告)号：WO2007127631A2
公开(公告)日：2007-11-08
申请号：PCT/US2007/066678
申请日：2007-04-15
申请人： THE REGENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA , WANG, Daojing , YANG, Peidong , KIM, Woong , FAN, Rong
发明人： WANG, Daojing , YANG, Peidong , KIM, Woong , FAN, Rong
IPC分类号： B05D5/02
CPC分类号： H01J49/165 , B01L3/5027 , B82Y15/00 , H01J49/0018
摘要： Novel and significantly simplified procedures for fabrication of fully integrated nanoelectrospray emitters have been described. For nanofabricated monolithic multinozzle emitters (NM 2 emitters), a bottom up approach using silicon nanowires on a silicon sliver is used. For microfabricated monolithic multinozzle emitters (M 3 emitters), a top down approach using MEMS techniques on silicon wafers is used. The emitters have performance comparable to that of commercially-available silica capillary emitters for nanoelectrospray mass spectrometry.
摘要翻译：已经描述了用于制造完全集成的纳米电喷雾发射器的新颖且显着简化的程序。对于纳米制单体多喷嘴（NM ^{2发射体），使用在硅片上使用硅纳米线的自底向上方法。对于微制造的单片多喷嘴（M 3 O 3发射体），使用在硅晶片上使用MEMS技术的自上而下的方法。发射器具有与用于纳米电喷雾质谱法的市售二氧化硅毛细管发射体相当的性能。}

4. 发明申请

WO2004111319A2 SACRIFICIAL TEMPLATE METHOD OF FABRICATING A NANOTUBE 审中-公开
标题翻译：制备纳米管的极限模板方法
公开(公告)号：WO2004111319A2
公开(公告)日：2004-12-23
申请号：PCT/US2003/039200
申请日：2003-12-08
申请人： THE REGENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA , YANG, Peidong , HE, Rongrui , GOLDBERGER, Joshua , FAN, Rong , WU, Yiying , LI, Deyu , MAJUMDAR, Arun
发明人： YANG, Peidong , HE, Rongrui , GOLDBERGER, Joshua , FAN, Rong , WU, Yiying , LI, Deyu , MAJUMDAR, Arun
IPC分类号： D01F
CPC分类号： C30B29/602 , B82Y30/00 , C30B29/16 , C30B29/406 , H01L2924/0002 , H01L2924/00
摘要： Methods of fabricating uniform nanotubes are described in which nanotubes were synthesized as sheaths over nanowire templates, such as using a chemical vapor deposition process. For example, single-crystalline zinc oxide (ZnO) nanowires are utilized as templates over which gallium nitride (GaN) is epitaxially grown. The ZnO templates are then removed, such as by thermal reduction and evaporation. The completed single-crystalline GaN nanotubes preferably have inner diameters ranging from 30 nm to 200 nm, and wall thicknesses between 5 and 50 nm. Transmission electron microscopy studies show that the resultant nanotubes are single-crystalline with a wurtzite structure, and are oriented along the direction. The present invention exemplifies single-crystalline nanotubes of materials with a non-layered crystal structure. Similar "epitaxial-casting" approaches could be used to produce arrays and single-crystalline nanotubes of other solid materials and semiconductors. Furthermore, the fabrication of multi-sheath nanotubes are described as well as nanotubes having multiple longitudinal segments.
摘要翻译：描述了制造均匀纳米管的方法，其中纳米管在纳米线模板上合成为鞘，例如使用化学气相沉积工艺。例如，单晶氧化锌（ZnO）纳米线被用作在其上外延生长氮化镓（GaN）的模板。然后去除ZnO模板，例如通过热还原和蒸发。完成的单晶GaN纳米管的内径优选为30nm至200nm，壁厚为5至50nm。透射电子显微镜研究表明，所得纳米管是具有纤锌矿结构的单晶，沿着<001>方向取向。本发明例示了具有非层状晶体结构的材料的单晶纳米管。可以使用类似的“外延铸造”方法来生产其他固体材料和半导体的阵列和单晶纳米管。此外，还描述了多皮纳米管的制造以及具有多个纵向段的纳米管。

5. 发明申请

WO2008048209A2 FUNCTIONALIZATION OF NANOFLUIDIC CHANNELS 审中-公开
标题翻译：纳米通道的功能化
公开(公告)号：WO2008048209A2
公开(公告)日：2008-04-24
申请号：PCT/US2006/026318
申请日：2006-07-06
申请人： THE REGENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA , YANG, Peidong , KARNIK, Rohit , CASTELINO, Kenneth , FAN, Rong , MANJUMDAR, Arun
发明人： YANG, Peidong , KARNIK, Rohit , CASTELINO, Kenneth , FAN, Rong , MANJUMDAR, Arun
IPC分类号： G01N33/53
CPC分类号： G01N33/54373
摘要： A functionalized nanofluidic channel and method for functionalization that provides control over the ionic environment and geometry of the nanofluidic channel with the immobilization of biomolecules on the inner surface of the channel and use of high ionic concentration solutions. In one embodiment, the surface charge of the nanochannel is controlled with the immobilization of a protein such as streptavidin in the nanochannel. In another embodiment, the biomolecules are receptors and changes in nanochannel conductance indicates ligand binding events. The functionalized nanofluidic channel can be easily adapted for use with microchannel arrays.
摘要翻译：功能化纳米流体通道和功能化方法，其通过在通道的内表面上固定生物分子并使用高离子浓度溶液来提供对纳米流体通道的离子环境和几何形状的控制。在一个实施方案中，通过在纳米通道中固定蛋白质例如链霉亲和素来控制纳米通道的表面电荷。在另一个实施方案中，生物分子是受体，并且纳米通道电导的变化表示配体结合事件。功能化纳米流体通道可以容易地适用于微通道阵列。

6. 发明申请

WO2004042785A2 FUNCTIONAL BIMORPH COMPOSITE NANOTAPES AND METHODS OF FABRICATION 审中-公开
标题翻译：功能二聚体复合纳米复合材料及其制备方法
公开(公告)号：WO2004042785A2
公开(公告)日：2004-05-21
申请号：PCT/US2003/025628
申请日：2003-08-15
申请人： THE REGENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA , YANG, Peidong , LAW, Matthew , HE, Rongrui , FAN, Rong , KIM, Franklin
发明人： YANG, Peidong , LAW, Matthew , HE, Rongrui , FAN, Rong , KIM, Franklin
IPC分类号： H01L
CPC分类号： B81B3/0035 , B82Y20/00 , B82Y25/00 , B82Y30/00 , C30B23/00 , C30B29/605 , H01L21/02414 , H01L21/02428 , H01L21/02521 , H01L21/02554 , H01L21/02565 , H01L21/02581 , H01L21/0259 , H01L21/02631 , Y10S977/755 , Y10S977/81 , Y10S977/811 , Y10T428/125 , Y10T428/29 , Y10T428/2973 , Y10T428/298
摘要： A two-layer nanotape that includes a nanoribbon substrate and an oxide that is epitaxially deposited on a flat surface of the nanoribbon substrate is described. A method for making the nanotape that includes providing plural substrates and placing the substrates in a quartz tube is also described. The oxide is deposited on the substrate using a pulsed laser ablation deposition process. The nanoribbons can be made from materials such as SnO 2 , ZnO, MgO, AI 2 O 3 , Si, GaN, or CdS. Also, the sintered oxide target can be made from materials such as TiO 2 , transition metal doped TiO 2 (e.g., Co 0.05 Ti 0.95 O 2 ), BaTiO 3 , ZnO, transition metal doped ZnO (e.g., Mn 0.1 Zn 0.9 O and Ni 0 . 1 Zn 0 . 9 O), LaMnO 3 , BaTiO 3 , PbTiO 3 , Yba 2 Cu 3 O z , or SrCu 2 O 2 and other p-type oxides. Additionally, temperature sensitive nanoribbon/metal bilayers and their method of fabrication by thermal evaporation are described. Metals such as Cu, Au, Ti, AI, Pt, Ni and others can be deposited on top of the nanoribbon surface. Such devices bend significantly as a function of temperature and are suitable as, for example, thermally activated nanoscale actuators.
摘要翻译：描述了包括纳米薄片基底和外延沉积在纳米薄片的平坦表面上的氧化物的双层纳米线。还描述了一种制造纳米线的方法，其包括提供多个基板并将基板放置在石英管中。氧化物使用脉冲激光烧蚀沉积工艺沉积在衬底上。纳米带可以由诸如SnO 2，ZnO，MgO，Al 2 O 3，Si，GaN或CdS的材料制成。此外，烧结氧化物靶可以由诸如TiO 2，过渡金属掺杂的TiO 2（例如Co 0.05 Ti 0.95 O 2），BaTiO 3，ZnO，过渡金属掺杂的ZnO（例如，Mn0.1Zn0.9O和Ni0.1Zn0）的材料制成。 9O），LaMnO3，BaTiO3，PbTiO3，Yba2Cu3Oz或SrCu2O2等p型氧化物。另外，描述了温度敏感的纳米银/金属双层及其通过热蒸发制造的方法。诸如Cu，Au，Ti，Al，Pt，Ni等金属可以沉积在纳米骨表面的顶部。这样的装置作为温度的函数显着弯曲，并且适合于例如热活化的纳米级致动器。

7. 发明申请

WO2008039579A3 INORGANIC NANOTUBES AND DEVICES FABRICATED THEREFROM 审中-公开
公开(公告)号：WO2008039579A3
公开(公告)日：2008-04-03
申请号：PCT/US2007/071300
申请日：2007-06-15
申请人： THE REGENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA , YANG, Peidong , MAJUMDAR, Arunava , FAN, Rong , KARNIK, Rohit , CASTELINO, Kenneth
发明人： YANG, Peidong , MAJUMDAR, Arunava , FAN, Rong , KARNIK, Rohit , CASTELINO, Kenneth
IPC分类号： G01N27/26 , G01N33/00 , H01L29/00
摘要： Nanofluidic devices are taught incorporating inorganic nanotubes fluidly coupled to channels or nanopores for supplying a fluid containing chemical or biochemical species. In one aspect, two channels are fluidly interconnected with a nanotube. Electrodes on opposing sides of the nanotube establish electrical contact with the fluid therein. A bias current is passed between the electrodes through the fluid, and current changes are detected to ascertain the passage of select molecules, such as DNA, through the nanotube. In another inventive aspect, a gate electrode is located proximal the nanotube between the two electrodes thus forming a nanofluidic transistor. The voltage applied to the gate controls the passage of ionic species through the nanotube selected as either or both ionic polarities. In either of these aspects the nanotube can be modified, or functionalized, to control the selectivity of detection or passage.

8. 发明申请

WO2007022359A2 VERTICAL INTEGRATED SILICON NANOWIRE FIELD EFFECT TRANSISTORS AND METHODS OF FABRICATION 审中-公开
标题翻译：垂直集成硅纳米管场效应晶体管及其制造方法
公开(公告)号：WO2007022359A2
公开(公告)日：2007-02-22
申请号：PCT/US2006/032153
申请日：2006-08-16
申请人： THE REGENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA , YANG, Peidong , GOLDBERGER, Joshua , HOCHBAUM, Allon , FAN, Rong , HE, Rongrui
发明人： YANG, Peidong , GOLDBERGER, Joshua , HOCHBAUM, Allon , FAN, Rong , HE, Rongrui
IPC分类号： H01L21/00
CPC分类号： H01L29/78642 , B82Y10/00 , H01L21/823487 , H01L21/84 , H01L27/1203 , H01L27/1292 , H01L29/045 , H01L29/0665 , H01L29/0673 , H01L29/0676 , H01L29/42392 , H01L29/66772 , H01L29/78684 , H01L29/78687 , H01L29/78696
摘要： Vertical integrated field effect transistor circuits and methods are described which are fabricated from Silicon, Germanium, or a combination Silicon and Germanium based on nanowires grown in place on the substrate. By way of example, vertical integrated transistors are formed from one or more nanowires which have been insulated, had a gate deposited thereon, and to which a drain is coupled to the exposed tips of one or more of the nanowires. The nanowires are preferably grown over a surface or according to a desired pattern in response to dispersing metal nanoclusters over the desired portions of the substrate. In one preferred implementation, SiCI4 is utilized as a gas phase precursor during the nanowire growth process. In place nanowire growth is also taught in conjunction with structures, such as trenches, while bridging forms of nanowires are also described.
摘要翻译：描述了基于硅，锗或基于在衬底上生长的纳米线的硅和锗的组合制造的垂直集成场效应晶体管电路和方法。作为示例，垂直集成晶体管由已经绝缘的一个或多个纳米线形成，栅极沉积在其上，并且漏极耦合到一个或多个纳米线的暴露尖端。响应于将金属纳米簇分散在基底的所需部分上，纳米线优选在表面上或根据期望的图案生长。在一个优选的实施方案中，SiCl 4在纳米线生长过程中用作气相前体。就纳米线生长而言，还结合诸如沟槽的结构教导，同时还描述了纳米线的桥接形式。

9. 发明申请

WO2005004197A2 FLUIDIC NANOTUBES AND DEVICES 审中-公开
标题翻译：流体纳米管和器件
公开(公告)号：WO2005004197A2
公开(公告)日：2005-01-13
申请号：PCT/US2004/010854
申请日：2004-04-08
申请人： THE REGENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA , YANG, Peidong , HE, Rongrui , GOLDBERGER, Joshua , FAN, Rong , WU, Yiwing , LI, Deyu , MAJUMDAR, Arun
发明人： YANG, Peidong , HE, Rongrui , GOLDBERGER, Joshua , FAN, Rong , WU, Yiwing , LI, Deyu , MAJUMDAR, Arun
IPC分类号： H01L
CPC分类号： C30B29/602 , B82Y10/00 , B82Y30/00 , C30B25/02 , C30B29/605 , C30B33/00 , H01L21/0242 , H01L21/02433 , H01L21/02458 , H01L21/02472 , H01L21/0254 , H01L21/02603 , H01L21/02606 , H01L21/0262 , H01L21/02639 , H01L21/02653 , H01L21/02664 , H01L29/0676 , H01L29/068 , H01L2924/0002 , Y10S977/734 , Y10S977/742 , Y10S977/762 , Y10S977/855 , H01L2924/00
摘要： Fluidic nanotube devices are described in which a hydrophilic, non-carbon nanotube, has its ends fluidly coupled to reservoirs. Source and drain contacts are connected too opposing ends of the nanotube, or within each reservoir near the opening of the nanotube. The passage of molecular species can be sensed by measuring current flow (source-drain, ionic, or combination). The tube interior can be functionalized by joining binding molecules so that different molecular species can be sensed by detecting current changes. The nanotube may be a semiconductor, wherein a tubular transistor is formed. A gate electrode can be attached between source and drain to control current flow and ionic flow. By way of example an electrophoretic array embodiment is described, integrating MEMs switches. A variety of applications are described, such as: nanopores, nanocapillary devices, nanoelectrophoretic, DNA sequence detectors, immunosensors, thermoelectric devices, photonic devices, nanoscale fluidic bioseparators, imaging devices, and so forth.
摘要翻译：描述了流体性纳米管器件，其中亲水性非碳纳米管的端部流体耦合到储存器。源极和漏极触点连接到纳米管的相对端，或者在靠近纳米管开口的每个储存器内。可以通过测量电流（源 - 漏，离子或组合）来检测分子种类的通过。管内部可以通过结合结合分子来官能化，使得可以通过检测电流变化来感测不同的分子种类。纳米管可以是半导体，其中形成管状晶体管。栅极电极可以连接在源极和漏极之间，以控制电流和离子流。作为示例，描述了集成MEMs开关的电泳阵列实施例。描述了各种应用，例如：纳米孔，纳米毛细管装置，纳米电泳，DNA序列检测器，免疫传感器，热电装置，光子器件，纳米流体生物分离器，成像装置等。

10. 发明申请

WO2002080280A1 METHODS OF FABRICATING NANOSTRUCTURES AND NANOWIRES AND DEVICES FABRICATED THEREFROM 审中-公开
标题翻译：制造纳米结构的方法和纳米结构及其制备的器件
公开(公告)号：WO2002080280A1
公开(公告)日：2002-10-10
申请号：PCT/US2002/010002
申请日：2002-03-29
申请人： THE REGENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA , MAJUMDAR, Arun , SHAKOURI, Ali , SANDS, Timothy, D. , YANG, Peidong , MAO, Samuel, S. , RUSSO, Richard, E. , FEICK, Henning , KIND, Hannes , WEBER, Eicke, R. , HUANG, Michael , YAN, Haoquan , WU, Yiying , FAN, Rong
发明人： MAJUMDAR, Arun , SHAKOURI, Ali , SANDS, Timothy, D. , YANG, Peidong , MAO, Samuel, S. , RUSSO, Richard, E. , FEICK, Henning , KIND, Hannes , WEBER, Eicke, R. , HUANG, Michael , YAN, Haoquan , WU, Yiying , FAN, Rong
IPC分类号： H01L29/06
CPC分类号： H01L29/0665 , B82Y10/00 , B82Y20/00 , G02B6/107 , H01L21/0237 , H01L21/02381 , H01L21/0245 , H01L21/02521 , H01L21/02532 , H01L21/02554 , H01L21/02603 , H01L21/02645 , H01L21/02653 , H01L24/45 , H01L29/0673 , H01L29/0676 , H01L29/068 , H01L29/12 , H01L29/125 , H01L31/0352 , H01L33/06 , H01L33/18 , H01L33/24 , H01L35/00 , H01L41/094 , H01L41/18 , H01L41/183 , H01L2224/45565 , H01L2224/45599 , H01L2924/00014 , H01L2924/01004 , H01L2924/01005 , H01L2924/01006 , H01L2924/0101 , H01L2924/01013 , H01L2924/01014 , H01L2924/01015 , H01L2924/01018 , H01L2924/01019 , H01L2924/01022 , H01L2924/01023 , H01L2924/01024 , H01L2924/01025 , H01L2924/01027 , H01L2924/01028 , H01L2924/0103 , H01L2924/01031 , H01L2924/01032 , H01L2924/01039 , H01L2924/01047 , H01L2924/01051 , H01L2924/01052 , H01L2924/01058 , H01L2924/0106 , H01L2924/01061 , H01L2924/01068 , H01L2924/01074 , H01L2924/01075 , H01L2924/01077 , H01L2924/01078 , H01L2924/01079 , H01L2924/01083 , H01L2924/01084 , H01L2924/04953 , H01L2924/10253 , H01L2924/10329 , H01L2924/12036 , H01L2924/12041 , H01L2924/12042 , H01L2924/1305 , H01L2924/1306 , H01L2924/13062 , H01L2924/13091 , H01L2924/14 , H01L2924/19042 , H01L2924/19043 , H01L2924/30107 , H01S5/341 , H01S5/3412 , Y10S977/762 , Y10S977/763 , Y10S977/764 , Y10S977/765 , Y10S977/951 , Y10T428/24994 , Y10T428/249949 , Y10T428/29 , Y10T428/2913 , Y10T428/2916 , Y10T428/292 , Y10T428/2933 , Y10T428/2958 , Y10T428/2973 , Y10T428/298 , H01L2924/00011 , H01L2924/00 , H01L2224/48
摘要： One-dimensional nanostructures having uniform diameters of less than approximately 200 nm. These inventive nanostructures, which we refer to as "nanowires", include single-crystalline homostructures as well as heterostructures of at least two single-crystalline materials having different chemical compositions. Because single-crystalline materials are used to form the heterostructure, the resultant heterostructure will be single-crystalline as well. The nanowire heterostructures are generally based on a semiconducting wire wherein the doping and composition are controlled in either the longitudinal or radial directions, or in both directions, to yield a wire that comprises different materials. Examples of resulting nanowire heterostructures include a longitudinal heterostructure nanowire (LOHN) and a coaxial heterostructure nanowire (COHN).
摘要翻译：具有小于约200nm的均匀直径的一维纳米结构。这些本发明的纳米结构，我们称之为“纳米线”，包括具有不同化学成分的至少两种单晶材料的单晶均匀结构以及异质结构。由于使用单晶材料来形成异质结构，所以得到的异质结构也将是单晶的。纳米线异质结构通常基于半导体线，其中掺杂和组成在纵向或径向方向上或在两个方向上被控制，以产生包括不同材料的导线。所得纳米线异质结构的实例包括纵向异质结构纳米线（LOHN）和同轴异质结构纳米线（COHN）。

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