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1. 发明授权

US06300954B1 Methods and apparatus for detecting liquid crystal display parameters using stokes parameters 失效
标题翻译：用斯托克斯参数检测液晶显示参数的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US06300954B1
公开(公告)日：2001-10-09
申请号：US09151062
申请日：1998-09-10
申请人： Susumu Sato , Ying Zhou , Zhan He , Yoshihiro Togashi
发明人： Susumu Sato , Ying Zhou , Zhan He , Yoshihiro Togashi
IPC分类号： G06T1140
CPC分类号： G02F1/1309 , G01J4/04
摘要： A polarizing plate 4 is disposed to polarize light parallel to the X axis of liquid crystal display 3, which may be optionally rotated to a position where the intensity of a light that transmits the liquid crystal display 3 takes an extreme value (maximum or minimum) and an output Ix using a photodetector 6 is measured. The polarizing plate 4 is then disposed to polarize light parallel to the Y axis to thereby measure an output Iy using the photodetector 6. The polarizing plate 4 is then disposed to polarize the light in the direction inclined by 45 degrees between the X and Y axes to thereby measure an output I45 using the photodetector 6. A quarter wavelength plate 5 optionally may be disposed between the polarizing plate 4 and the liquid display 3 such that its axial direction is inclined by 45 degrees from the polarizing direction of the polarizing plate 4 while disposing the polarizing plate 4 so as to polarize light at 45 degrees from both the X and Y axes. In this position, an output Iq45 is measured by the photodetector. Stokes parameters are calculated according to each of the measured values Ix, Iy, I45 and Iq45, and according to the calculated Stokes parameters, the thickness of the liquid crystal layer and/or the twist angle of liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal display 3 can be determined. Optionally, the light intensities may be measured by a two-dimensional photodetector and Stokes parameters for a plurality of points on the liquid crystal display may be simultaneously or substantially simultaneously determined.
摘要翻译：偏振板4被设置为使平行于液晶显示器3的X轴的光偏振，该液晶显示器3可以可选地旋转到使液晶显示器3透射的光的强度达到极限值（最大值或最小值）的位置，并且测量使用光电检测器6的输出Ix。然后将偏振板4设置成使平行于Y轴的光偏振，从而使用光电检测器6测量输出Iy。然后，偏振板4被设置为使光沿X轴和Y轴之间倾斜45度的方向偏振从而测量使用光电检测器6的输出I45。四分之一波长板5可选地可以设置在偏振板4和液体显示器3之间，使其轴向方向从偏振板4的偏振方向倾斜45度，同时设置偏振板4以使从X轴和Y轴两个角度偏离45度的光。在该位置，由光电检测器测量输出Iq45。根据测量值Ix，Iy，I45和Iq45中的每一个计算斯托克斯参数，并且根据计算的斯托克斯参数，液晶显示器3的液晶层的液晶层厚度和/或液晶分子的扭曲角度可以确定。可选地，光强度可以通过二维光电检测器测量，并且可以同时或基本上同时确定液晶显示器上的多个点的斯托克斯参数。

2. 发明授权

US5966195A Method of determining cell thickness and twist angle parameters of liquid crystal cell 失效
标题翻译：确定液晶盒的细胞厚度和扭转角参数的方法
公开(公告)号：US5966195A
公开(公告)日：1999-10-12
申请号：US974994
申请日：1997-11-20
申请人： Susumu Sato , Ying Zhou , Zhan He , Yoshihiro Togashi
发明人： Susumu Sato , Ying Zhou , Zhan He , Yoshihiro Togashi
IPC分类号： G01B11/06 , G01J4/00 , G01N21/21 , G02B11/06 , G02F1/13 , G02F1/1337
CPC分类号： G01N21/21 , G01B11/0641
摘要： A method of determining a parameter of a liquid crystal cell is provided in which parameters, such as the thickness of the liquid crystal layer and the angle of the twist of liquid crystal molecule orientation in the liquid crystal cell, are accurately determined in a short time with a simple apparatus. Light from a light source 1 is transmitted through a polarizing plate 2 and incident to a liquid crystal cell 3. The light is transmitted by a polarizing plate 4 and the intensity of the transmitted light is measured by a photodetector 6. Then, the outputs of the photodetector 6 for the following cases are measured: when the polarization direction of the polarizing plate 4 is set (1) in the direction of the X axis, (2) in the direction of Y axis and (3) at 45 degrees to the X and Y axes and (4) when, with the polarization direction of the polarizing plate 4 being at 45 degrees to the X and Y axes, a quarter wavelength plate 5 is inserted between the polarizing plate 4 and the liquid crystal cell 3 so that its axial direction is tilted at 45 degrees to the polarization direction of the polarizing plate 4. Stokes parameters are obtained from the measurement values, and the thickness of the liquid crystal layer and the angle of twist of liquid crystal molecule orientation are calculated from the measured Stokes parameters.
摘要翻译：提供一种确定液晶单元的参数的方法，其中在短时间内精确地确定诸如液晶层的厚度和液晶单元中液晶分子取向的扭转角度的参数用简单的装置。来自光源1的光通过偏振板2透射并入射到液晶单元3.光被偏振板4透射，透射光的强度由光电检测器6测量。然后，输出测量以下情况的光检测器6：当偏振板4的偏振方向在X轴方向上被设定为（1）时，（2）沿Y轴方向和（3）相对于 X轴和Y轴以及（4）当偏振板4的偏振方向与X轴和Y轴成45度时，四分之一波片5被插入到偏振板4和液晶单元3之间，其轴向方向与偏光板4的偏振方向倾斜45度。从测量值获得斯托克斯参数，计算液晶层的厚度和液晶分子取向的扭转角f 测量斯托克斯参数。

3. 发明授权

US09043172B2 Estimating virtual machine energy consumption 有权
标题翻译：估计虚拟机能耗
公开(公告)号：US09043172B2
公开(公告)日：2015-05-26
申请号：US13596612
申请日：2012-08-28
申请人： Ying Chen , Li Li , Liang Liu , Hao Wang , Ying Zhou
发明人： Ying Chen , Li Li , Liang Liu , Hao Wang , Ying Zhou
IPC分类号： G01R21/00 , G06F9/455 , G06F1/00 , G06F1/28 , G06F19/00
CPC分类号： G06F1/28 , G06F19/00 , Y02D10/26 , Y02D10/28
摘要： A method and apparatus for estimating virtual machine energy consumption, and in particular, a method and apparatus for estimating virtual machine energy consumption in a computer system. The method includes: obtaining system energy consumption of the system hardware resources; obtaining event information of a plurality of functional units into which the system hardware resources are divided, and mapping the event information to the respective virtual machines; and calculating energy consumption of the virtual machines according to a plurality of energy consumption coefficients corresponding to the plurality of functional units and according to the event information mapped to the functional units of the respective virtual machines.
摘要翻译：一种用于估计虚拟机能量消耗的方法和装置，特别是一种用于估计计算机系统中的虚拟机能量消耗的方法和装置。该方法包括：获取系统硬件资源的系统能耗; 获取所述系统硬件资源划分到的多个功能单元的事件信息，并将所述事件信息映射到各个虚拟机; 以及根据与所述多个功能单元对应的多个能量消耗系数并根据映射到各个虚拟机的功能单元的事件信息来计算虚拟机的能量消耗。

4. 发明授权

US08794013B2 Method and system for nucleation control in a controlled rate freezer (CRF) 有权
标题翻译：控制率冷冻机（CRF）中成核控制的方法和系统
公开(公告)号：US08794013B2
公开(公告)日：2014-08-05
申请号：US13097724
申请日：2011-04-29
申请人： Ying Zhou , Theodore H. Gasteyer, III , Nigel J. Grinter , Alan T. Cheng , Yeu-Chuan Simon Ho , Robert R. Sever
发明人： Ying Zhou , Theodore H. Gasteyer, III , Nigel J. Grinter , Alan T. Cheng , Yeu-Chuan Simon Ho , Robert R. Sever
IPC分类号： F25D25/00 , G01N1/22 , C12M3/00 , A01N1/02 , F25D3/10 , F25D29/00
CPC分类号： A01N1/0289 , A01N1/0257 , A01N1/0284 , F25D3/102 , F25D29/001
摘要： A method and system for controlled rate freezing and nucleation of materials is provided. The presently disclosed system and method provides the ability to rapidly cool the materials contained in vials or other containers within a cooling unit via forced convective cooling using a laminar and uniform flow of cryogen in proximity to the plurality of vials disposed within the cooling unit. The rapid cooling of the biological materials is achieved by precisely controlling and adjusting the temperature of the cryogen being introduced to the system as a function of time. The presently disclosed methods to systems also provide nucleation control via temperature quench and depressurized nucleation control.
摘要翻译：提供了控制速率冷冻和成核的方法和系统。本公开的系统和方法提供了通过强制对流冷却来快速冷却包含在冷却单元内的小瓶或其他容器中的材料的能力，其中使用层流和均匀流动的冷冻剂靠近设置在冷却单元内的多个小瓶。生物材料的快速冷却是通过精确地控制和调节作为时间的函数引入到系统中的冷冻剂的温度来实现的。目前公开的系统方法还通过温度骤冷和减压成核控制提供成核控制。

5. 发明申请

US20130323714A1 SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR MICRO-AERATION BASED FERMENTATION 审中-公开
标题翻译：基于微生物发酵的系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US20130323714A1
公开(公告)日：2013-12-05
申请号：US13908462
申请日：2013-06-03
申请人： Alan T. Cheng , Ying Zhou , Paul W. Belanger , Jennifer G. Bugayong
发明人： Alan T. Cheng , Ying Zhou , Paul W. Belanger , Jennifer G. Bugayong
IPC分类号： C12M1/00
CPC分类号： C12M41/48 , C12M21/12 , C12M27/00 , C12M29/06 , C12M29/24 , C12M41/32 , C12M41/34
摘要： A method and apparatus for micro-aeration of large scale fermentation systems is provided. The micro-aeration system includes a fermentation reactor, a sparging apparatus, and a micro-aeration gas mixture delivered to the fermentation reactor via the sparging apparatus. The micro-aeration gas mixture is a very low oxygen concentration mixture comprising an oxygen containing gas and an inert carrier gas that is preferably recycled through the fermentation reactor. The inert carrier gas is preferably nitrogen whereas the oxygen containing gas is oxygen or and is introduced to the fermentation reactor at a minimum superficial velocity of about 0.02 m/sec to produce a uniform dispersion of the oxygen/air throughout the fermentation broth while concurrently mixing the entire fermentation broth. The micro-aeration method and apparatus further comprises a controller operatively coupled to one or more control valves for regulating the micro-aeration conditions in the fermentation reactor.
摘要翻译：提供了一种用于大规模发酵系统微通气的方法和装置。微曝气系统包括通过喷射装置输送到发酵反应器的发酵反应器，喷射装置和微通气气体混合物。微通气气体混合物是包含含氧气体和惰性载气的非常低的氧浓度混合物，其优选通过发酵反应器再循环。惰性载气优选为氮气，而含氧气体为氧气，或以约0.02m / sec的最小表观速度引入发酵反应器，以产生氧气/空气在整个发酵液中的均匀分散，同时混合整个发酵液。微曝气方法和装置还包括操作地耦合到一个或多个控制阀的控制器，用于调节发酵反应器中的微通气条件。

6. 发明申请

US20120323509A1 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR ESTIMATING VIRTUAL MACHINE ENERGY CONSUMPTION 审中-公开
标题翻译：用于估算虚拟机能耗的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US20120323509A1
公开(公告)日：2012-12-20
申请号：US13596612
申请日：2012-08-28
申请人： Ying Chen , Li Li , Liang Liu , Hao Wang , Ying Zhou
发明人： Ying Chen , Li Li , Liang Liu , Hao Wang , Ying Zhou
IPC分类号： G06F19/00
CPC分类号： G06F1/28 , G06F19/00 , Y02D10/26 , Y02D10/28
摘要： A method and apparatus for estimating virtual machine energy consumption, and in particular, a method and apparatus for estimating virtual machine energy consumption in a computer system. The method includes: obtaining system energy consumption of the system hardware resources; obtaining event information of a plurality of functional units into which the system hardware resources are divided, and mapping the event information to the respective virtual machines; and calculating energy consumption of the virtual machines according to a plurality of energy consumption coefficients corresponding to the plurality of functional units and according to the event information mapped to the functional units of the respective virtual machines.
摘要翻译：一种用于估计虚拟机能量消耗的方法和装置，特别是一种用于估计计算机系统中的虚拟机能量消耗的方法和装置。该方法包括：获取系统硬件资源的系统能耗; 获取所述系统硬件资源划分到的多个功能单元的事件信息，并将所述事件信息映射到各个虚拟机; 以及根据与所述多个功能单元对应的多个能量消耗系数并根据映射到各个虚拟机的功能单元的事件信息来计算虚拟机的能量消耗。

7. 发明申请

US20120296585A1 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR ESTIMATING VIRTUAL MACHINE ENERGY CONSUMPTION 有权
公开(公告)号：US20120296585A1
公开(公告)日：2012-11-22
申请号：US13456776
申请日：2012-04-26
申请人： Ying Chen , Li Li , Liang Liu , Hao Wang , Ying Zhou
发明人： Ying Chen , Li Li , Liang Liu , Hao Wang , Ying Zhou
IPC分类号： G06F1/28 , G06F19/00
CPC分类号： G06F1/28 , G06F19/00 , Y02D10/26 , Y02D10/28
摘要： A method and apparatus for estimating virtual machine energy consumption, and in particular, a method and apparatus for estimating virtual machine energy consumption in a computer system. The method includes: obtaining system energy consumption of the system hardware resources; obtaining event information of a plurality of functional units into which the system hardware resources are divided, and mapping the event information to the respective virtual machines; and calculating energy consumption of the virtual machines according to a plurality of energy consumption coefficients corresponding to the plurality of functional units and according to the event information mapped to the functional units of the respective virtual machines.

8. 发明授权

US08248003B2 Vibration frequency adjusting system and method 有权
标题翻译：振动频率调节系统及方法
公开(公告)号：US08248003B2
公开(公告)日：2012-08-21
申请号：US12693515
申请日：2010-01-26
申请人： Ying Zhou
发明人： Ying Zhou
IPC分类号： H02K33/00
CPC分类号： H04M1/72522 , H04M19/047
摘要： A vibration frequency adjusting system and method measures energy of a vibration generated by a vibrator of an electronic device, and converts the vibration energy to a level of electric charge. The system and method further compares the level of electric charge with preset electric charge thresholds, and adjusts the level of electric charge to a preset level of electric charge according to the comparison. Then, the system and method converts the adjusted preset level of electric charge to a voltage, and outputs the voltage to vibrator, so as to adjust the frequency of the vibration according to the voltage.
摘要翻译：振动频率调节系统和方法测量由电子设备的振动器产生的振动的能量，并且将振动能量转换成电荷水平。该系统和方法进一步比较电荷水平与预设电荷阈值，并根据比较将电荷水平调整到预设电荷水平。然后，系统和方法将经调整的预设电平电平转换为电压，并将电压输出到振动器，以便根据电压调节振动频率。

9. 发明授权

US08241904B2 System and method for controlling a mammalian cell culture process 有权
标题翻译：用于控制哺乳动物细胞培养过程的系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US08241904B2
公开(公告)日：2012-08-14
申请号：US12536559
申请日：2009-08-06
申请人： Alan T. Y. Cheng , Ying Zhou , Balazs Hunek , Amitabh Gupta , Nigel Grinter
发明人： Alan T. Y. Cheng , Ying Zhou , Balazs Hunek , Amitabh Gupta , Nigel Grinter
IPC分类号： C12N5/02
CPC分类号： C12N1/38 , C12M27/02 , C12M29/22
摘要： A system and method for controlling a mammalian cell culture process are provided. Such control of the cell culture process involves control of the level of dissolved carbon dioxide in the cell culture media and the resulting ability to prevent increases in the osmolality level is achieved by enhanced stripping of carbon dioxide with little or no damage to the mammalian cells. The disclosed methods and systems of dissolved carbon dioxide stripping include enhanced surface gas exchange mechanisms within the bioreactor vessel through the use of an upward flow impeller combined with vertical baffles to convert swirling motions of the liquid into a largely vertical flow.
摘要翻译：提供了一种用于控制哺乳动物细胞培养方法的系统和方法。细胞培养过程的这种控制涉及控制细胞培养基中溶解的二氧化碳的水平，并且通过增强对二氧化碳的去除而对哺乳动物细胞几乎没有或没有损伤来实现所产生的渗透压浓度增加的能力。所公开的溶解二氧化碳汽提方法和系统包括通过使用与垂直挡板结合的向上流动叶轮将生物反应器容器内的表面气体交换机制改进为将液体的旋转运动转化成大体垂直的流动。

10. 发明授权

US08178318B2 Method for controlling pH, osmolality and dissolved carbon dioxide levels in a mammalian cell culture process to enhance cell viability and biologic product yield 有权
标题翻译：用于在哺乳动物细胞培养过程中控制pH，重量摩尔渗透压浓度和溶解二氧化碳水平以增强细胞活力和生物产物产率的方法
公开(公告)号：US08178318B2
公开(公告)日：2012-05-15
申请号：US12702428
申请日：2010-02-09
申请人： Alan T. Y. Cheng , Ying Zhou , Amitabh Gupta , Balazs Hunek , Nigel Grinter
发明人： Alan T. Y. Cheng , Ying Zhou , Amitabh Gupta , Balazs Hunek , Nigel Grinter
IPC分类号： C12P21/02
CPC分类号： C12N5/0018 , C12N1/38 , C12N2500/02 , C12N2500/60
摘要： Methods for controlling the level of dissolved carbon dioxide and limiting osmolality in a mammalian cell culture process to enhance cell growth, viability and density, and increase biologic product concentration and yield are provided. Such control of the level of dissolved carbon dioxide and pH as well as the resulting ability to limit osmolality in a mammalian cell culture process is achieved by adopting alternative pH control strategies and CO2 stripping techniques during a mammalian cell culture process. Such pH control techniques and carbon dioxide stripping occur without foam and with little or no damage to the mammalian cells.
摘要翻译：提供了用于在哺乳动物细胞培养过程中控制溶解二氧化碳水平和限制重量克分子渗透浓度以增强细胞生长，活力和密度以及提高生物产物浓度和产量的方法。通过在哺乳动物细胞培养过程中采用替代的pH控制策略和CO 2汽提技术来实现对哺乳动物细胞培养过程中溶解的二氧化碳和pH的水平的控制以及所产生的限制重量克分子渗透浓度的能力。这种pH控制技术和二氧化碳汽提不发生泡沫，对哺乳动物细胞几乎没有或没有损害。

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