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1. 发明授权

US08039292B2 Holey electrode grids for photovoltaic cells with subwavelength and superwavelength feature sizes 有权
标题翻译：具有亚波长和超波长特征尺寸的光伏电池的多孔电极网格
公开(公告)号：US08039292B2
公开(公告)日：2011-10-18
申请号：US12621226
申请日：2009-11-18
申请人： Supratik Guha , Oki Gunawan
发明人： Supratik Guha , Oki Gunawan
IPC分类号： H01L21/44
CPC分类号： H01L31/022433 , Y02E10/50
摘要： A photovoltaic cell and a method of forming an electrode grid on a photovoltaic semiconductor substrate of a photovoltaic cell are disclosed. In one embodiment, the photovoltaic cell comprises a photovoltaic semiconductor substrate; a back electrode electrically connected to a back surface of the substrate; and a front electrode electrically connected to a front surface of the substrate. The substrate, back electrode, and front electrode form an electric circuit for generating an electric current when said substrate absorbs light. The front electrode is comprised of a metal grid defining a multitude of holes. These holes may be periodic, aperiodic, or partially periodic. The front electrode may be formed by depositing nanospheres on the substrate; forming a metallic layer on the substrate, around the nanospheres; and removing the nanospheres, leaving an electrode grid defining a multitude of holes on the substrate.
摘要翻译：公开了一种光伏电池和在光伏电池的光电半导体衬底上形成电极栅格的方法。在一个实施例中，光伏电池包括光电半导体衬底; 电连接到所述基板的背面的背面电极; 以及电连接到所述基板的前表面的前电极。当基板吸收光时，基板，背面电极和正面电极形成用于产生电流的电路。前电极由限定多个孔的金属网格组成。这些孔可以是周期性的，非周期性的或部分周期性的。前电极可以通过在衬底上沉积纳米球而形成; 在纳米球周围在基底上形成金属层; 并去除纳米球，留下在基底上限定多个孔的电极网格。

2. 发明申请

US20100221866A1 Nano/Microwire Solar Cell Fabricated by Nano/Microsphere Lithography 有权
标题翻译：纳米/微丝太阳能电池由纳米/微球光刻制成
公开(公告)号：US20100221866A1
公开(公告)日：2010-09-02
申请号：US12480163
申请日：2009-06-08
申请人： William Graham , Supratik Guha , Oki Gunawan , George S. Tulevski , Kejia Wang , Ying Zhang
发明人： William Graham , Supratik Guha , Oki Gunawan , George S. Tulevski , Kejia Wang , Ying Zhang
IPC分类号： H01L21/28
CPC分类号： H01L31/035227 , Y10S977/813 , Y10S977/827
摘要： Techniques for fabricating nanowire/microwire-based solar cells are provided. In one, a method for fabricating a solar cell is provided. The method includes the following steps. A doped substrate is provided. A monolayer of spheres is deposited onto the substrate. The spheres include nanospheres, microspheres or a combination thereof The spheres are trimmed to introduce space between individual spheres in the monolayer. The trimmed spheres are used as a mask to pattern wires in the substrate. The wires include nanowires, microwires or a combination thereof A doped emitter layer is formed on the patterned wires. A top contact electrode is deposited over the emitter layer. A bottom contact electrode is deposited on a side of the substrate opposite the wires.
摘要翻译：提供了制造纳米线/微丝基太阳能电池的技术。其中，提供了太阳能电池的制造方法。该方法包括以下步骤。提供掺杂的衬底。单层球体沉积在基材上。球体包括纳米球，微球或其组合。球体被修整以在单层中的单个球体之间引入空间。修剪的球体用作掩模以在基底中图案线。导线包括纳米线，微丝或其组合。在图案化导线上形成掺杂的发射极层。顶部接触电极沉积在发射极层上。底部接触电极沉积在与电线相对的基板的一侧上。

3. 发明授权

US08551558B2 Techniques for enhancing efficiency of photovoltaic devices using high-aspect-ratio nanostructures 有权
公开(公告)号：US08551558B2
公开(公告)日：2013-10-08
申请号：US12039953
申请日：2008-02-29
申请人： Supratik Guha , Oki Gunawan
发明人： Supratik Guha , Oki Gunawan
IPC分类号： B05D5/12 , C23C16/00 , H01L21/00
CPC分类号： H01L31/07 , H01L31/022425 , H01L31/02327 , H01L31/0256 , H01L31/03529 , H01L31/18 , Y02E10/50
摘要： Photovoltaic devices and techniques for enhancing efficiency thereof are provided. In one aspect, a photovoltaic device is provided. The photovoltaic device comprises a photocell having a photoactive layer and a non-photoactive layer adjacent to the photoactive layer so as to form a heterojunction between the photoactive layer and the non-photoactive layer; and a plurality of high-aspect-ratio nanostructures on one or more surfaces of the photoactive layer. The plurality of high-aspect-ratio nanostructures are configured to act as a scattering media for incident light. The plurality of high-aspect-ratio nanostructures can also be configured to create an optical resonance effect in the incident light.

4. 发明授权

US08592675B2 Photovoltaic devices with enhanced efficiencies using high-aspect-ratio nanostructures 有权
标题翻译：使用高纵横比纳米结构提高效率的光伏器件
公开(公告)号：US08592675B2
公开(公告)日：2013-11-26
申请号：US12039900
申请日：2008-02-29
申请人： Supratik Guha , Oki Gunawan
发明人： Supratik Guha , Oki Gunawan
IPC分类号： H01L31/0236
CPC分类号： H01L31/035227 , H01L31/022425 , H01L31/03529 , H01L31/07 , H01L31/18 , Y02E10/50
摘要： Photovoltaic devices and techniques for enhancing efficiency thereof are provided. In one aspect, a photovoltaic device is provided. The photovoltaic device comprises a photocell having a first photoactive layer and a second photoactive layer adjacent to the first photoactive layer so as to form a heterojunction between the first photoactive layer and the second photoactive layer; and a plurality of high-aspect-ratio nanostructures on one or more surfaces of the second photoactive layer. The plurality of high-aspect-ratio nanostructures are configured to act as a scattering media for incident light. The plurality of high-aspect-ratio nanostructures can also be configured to create an optical resonance effect in the incident light.
摘要翻译：提供了用于提高效率的光伏器件和技术。一方面，提供一种光电器件。光电器件包括具有第一光活性层的光电池和与第一光活性层相邻的第二光活性层，以在第一光活性层和第二光活性层之间形成异质结; 以及在所述第二光敏层的一个或多个表面上的多个高纵横比纳米结构。多个高纵横比纳米结构被配置为用作入射光的散射介质。多个高纵横比纳米结构也可以被配置为在入射光中产生光学共振效应。

5. 发明申请

US20120196401A1 Nano/Microwire Solar Cell Fabricated by Nano/Microsphere Lithography 有权
标题翻译：纳米/微丝太阳能电池由纳米/微球光刻制成
公开(公告)号：US20120196401A1
公开(公告)日：2012-08-02
申请号：US13445101
申请日：2012-04-12
申请人： William Graham , Supratik Guha , Oki Gunawan , George S. Tulevski , Kejia Wang , Ying Zhang
发明人： William Graham , Supratik Guha , Oki Gunawan , George S. Tulevski , Kejia Wang , Ying Zhang
IPC分类号： H01L31/18
CPC分类号： H01L31/035227 , Y10S977/813 , Y10S977/827
摘要： Techniques for fabricating nanowire/microwire-based solar cells are provided. In one, a method for fabricating a solar cell is provided. The method includes the following steps. A doped substrate is provided. A monolayer of spheres is deposited onto the substrate. The spheres include nanospheres, microspheres or a combination thereof. The spheres are trimmed to introduce space between individual spheres in the monolayer. The trimmed spheres are used as a mask to pattern wires in the substrate. The wires include nanowires, microwires or a combination thereof. A doped emitter layer is formed on the patterned wires. A top contact electrode is deposited over the emitter layer. A bottom contact electrode is deposited on a side of the substrate opposite the wires.
摘要翻译：提供了制造纳米线/微丝基太阳能电池的技术。其中，提供了太阳能电池的制造方法。该方法包括以下步骤。提供掺杂的衬底。单层球体沉积在基材上。球体包括纳米球，微球或其组合。球体被修剪以在单层中的单个球体之间引入空间。修剪的球体用作掩模以在基底中图案线。电线包括纳米线，微丝或其组合。在图案化的导线上形成掺杂的发射极层。顶部接触电极沉积在发射极层上。底部接触电极沉积在与电线相对的基板的一侧上。

6. 发明申请

US20100218815A1 HOLEY ELECTRODE GRIDS FOR PHOTOVOLTAIC CELLS WITH SUBWAVELENGTH AND SUPERWAVELENGTH FEATURE SIZES 有权
标题翻译：用于具有亚水深和超高温特征尺寸的光伏电池的HOLEY电极网
公开(公告)号：US20100218815A1
公开(公告)日：2010-09-02
申请号：US12621226
申请日：2009-11-18
申请人： Supratik Guha , Oki Gunawan
发明人： Supratik Guha , Oki Gunawan
IPC分类号： H01L31/00 , H01L31/18
CPC分类号： H01L31/022433 , Y02E10/50
摘要： A photovoltaic cell and a method of forming an electrode grid on a photovoltaic semiconductor substrate of a photovoltaic cell are disclosed. In one embodiment, the photovoltaic cell comprises a photovoltaic semiconductor substrate; a back electrode electrically connected to a back surface of the substrate; and a front electrode electrically connected to a front surface of the substrate. The substrate, back electrode, and front electrode form an electric circuit for generating an electric current when said substrate absorbs light. The front electrode is comprised of a metal grid defining a multitude of holes. These holes may be periodic, aperiodic, or partially periodic. The front electrode may be formed by depositing nanospheres on the substrate; forming a metallic layer on the substrate, around the nanospheres; and removing the nanospheres, leaving an electrode grid defining a multitude of holes on the substrate.
摘要翻译：公开了一种光伏电池和在光伏电池的光电半导体衬底上形成电极栅格的方法。在一个实施例中，光伏电池包括光伏半导体衬底; 电连接到所述基板的背面的背面电极; 以及电连接到所述基板的前表面的前电极。当基板吸收光时，基板，背面电极和正面电极形成用于产生电流的电路。前电极由限定多个孔的金属网格组成。这些孔可以是周期性的，非周期性的或部分周期性的。前电极可以通过在衬底上沉积纳米球而形成; 在纳米球周围在基底上形成金属层; 并去除纳米球，留下在基底上限定多个孔的电极网格。

7. 发明申请

US20090217971A1 Photovoltaic Devices with Enhanced Efficiencies Using High-Aspect-Ratio Nanostructures 有权
标题翻译：使用高纵横比纳米结构提高效率的光伏器件
公开(公告)号：US20090217971A1
公开(公告)日：2009-09-03
申请号：US12039900
申请日：2008-02-29
申请人： Supratik Guha , Oki Gunawan
发明人： Supratik Guha , Oki Gunawan
IPC分类号： H01L31/072 , H01L31/0256 , H01L31/18
CPC分类号： H01L31/035227 , H01L31/022425 , H01L31/03529 , H01L31/07 , H01L31/18 , Y02E10/50
摘要： Photovoltaic devices and techniques for enhancing efficiency thereof are provided. In one aspect, a photovoltaic device is provided. The photovoltaic device comprises a photocell having a first photoactive layer and a second photoactive layer adjacent to the first photoactive layer so as to form a heterojunction between the first photoactive layer and the second photoactive layer; and a plurality of high-aspect-ratio nanostructures on one or more surfaces of the second photoactive layer. The plurality of high-aspect-ratio nanostructures are configured to act as a scattering media for incident light. The plurality of high-aspect-ratio nanostructures can also be configured to create an optical resonance effect in the incident light.
摘要翻译：提供了用于提高效率的光伏器件和技术。一方面，提供一种光电器件。光电器件包括具有第一光活性层的光电池和与第一光活性层相邻的第二光活性层，以在第一光活性层和第二光活性层之间形成异质结; 以及在所述第二光敏层的一个或多个表面上的多个高纵横比纳米结构。多个高纵横比纳米结构被配置为用作入射光的散射介质。多个高纵横比纳米结构也可以被配置为在入射光中产生光学共振效应。

8. 发明申请

US20110284073A1 HOLEY ELECTRODE GRIDS FOR PHOTOVOLTAIC CELLS WITH SUBWAVELENGTH AND SUPERWAVELENGTH FEATURE SIZES 有权
标题翻译：用于具有亚水深和超高温特征尺寸的光伏电池的HOLEY电极网
公开(公告)号：US20110284073A1
公开(公告)日：2011-11-24
申请号：US13196334
申请日：2011-08-02
申请人： Supratik Guha , Oki Gunawan
发明人： Supratik Guha , Oki Gunawan
IPC分类号： H01L31/0224
CPC分类号： H01L31/022433 , Y02E10/50
摘要： A photovoltaic cell and a method of forming an electrode grid on a photovoltaic semiconductor substrate of a photovoltaic cell are disclosed. In one embodiment, the photovoltaic cell comprises a photovoltaic semiconductor substrate; a back electrode electrically connected to a back surface of the substrate; and a front electrode electrically connected to a front surface of the substrate. The substrate, back electrode, and front electrode form an electric circuit for generating an electric current when said substrate absorbs light. The front electrode is comprised of a metal grid defining a multitude of holes. These holes may be periodic, aperiodic, or partially periodic. The front electrode may be formed by depositing nanospheres on the substrate; forming a metallic layer on the substrate, around the nanospheres; and removing the nanospheres, leaving an electrode grid defining a multitude of holes on the substrate.
摘要翻译：公开了一种光伏电池和在光伏电池的光电半导体衬底上形成电极栅格的方法。在一个实施例中，光伏电池包括光电半导体衬底; 电连接到所述基板的背面的背面电极; 以及电连接到所述基板的前表面的前电极。当基板吸收光时，基板，背面电极和正面电极形成用于产生电流的电路。前电极由限定多个孔的金属网格组成。这些孔可以是周期性的，非周期性的或部分周期性的。前电极可以通过在衬底上沉积纳米球而形成; 在纳米球周围在基底上形成金属层; 并去除纳米球，留下在基底上限定多个孔的电极网格。

9. 发明申请

US20090217972A1 Techniques for Enhancing Efficiency of Photovoltaic Devices Using High-Aspect-Ratio Nanostructures 有权
标题翻译：使用高比例纳米结构提高光伏器件效率的技术
公开(公告)号：US20090217972A1
公开(公告)日：2009-09-03
申请号：US12039953
申请日：2008-02-29
申请人： Supratik Guha , Oki Gunawan
发明人： Supratik Guha , Oki Gunawan
IPC分类号： H01L31/072 , H01L31/0256 , H01L31/18
CPC分类号： H01L31/07 , H01L31/022425 , H01L31/02327 , H01L31/0256 , H01L31/03529 , H01L31/18 , Y02E10/50
摘要： Photovoltaic devices and techniques for enhancing efficiency thereof are provided. In one aspect, a photovoltaic device is provided. The photovoltaic device comprises a photocell having a photoactive layer and a non-photoactive layer adjacent to the photoactive layer so as to form a heterojunction between the photoactive layer and the non-photoactive layer; and a plurality of high-aspect-ratio nanostructures on one or more surfaces of the photoactive layer. The plurality of high-aspect-ratio nanostructures are configured to act as a scattering media for incident light. The plurality of high-aspect-ratio nanostructures can also be configured to create an optical resonance effect in the incident light.
摘要翻译：提供了用于提高效率的光伏器件和技术。一方面，提供一种光电器件。光电器件包括具有光活性层和与光活性层相邻的非光活性层的光电池，以便在光敏层和非光活性层之间形成异质结; 以及在光活性层的一个或多个表面上的多个高纵横比纳米结构。多个高纵横比纳米结构被配置为用作入射光的散射介质。多个高纵横比纳米结构也可以被配置为在入射光中产生光学共振效应。

10. 发明授权

US08753912B2 Nano/microwire solar cell fabricated by nano/microsphere lithography 有权
标题翻译：通过纳米/微球光刻制造的纳米/微丝太阳能电池
公开(公告)号：US08753912B2
公开(公告)日：2014-06-17
申请号：US13445101
申请日：2012-04-12
申请人： William Graham , Supratik Guha , Oki Gunawan , George S. Tulevski , Kejia Wang , Ying Zhang
发明人： William Graham , Supratik Guha , Oki Gunawan , George S. Tulevski , Kejia Wang , Ying Zhang
IPC分类号： H01L31/0352
CPC分类号： H01L31/035227 , Y10S977/813 , Y10S977/827
摘要： Techniques for fabricating nanowire/microwire-based solar cells are provided. In one, a method for fabricating a solar cell is provided. The method includes the following steps. A doped substrate is provided. A monolayer of spheres is deposited onto the substrate. The spheres include nanospheres, microspheres or a combination thereof. The spheres are trimmed to introduce space between individual spheres in the monolayer. The trimmed spheres are used as a mask to pattern wires in the substrate. The wires include nanowires, microwires or a combination thereof. A doped emitter layer is formed on the patterned wires. A top contact electrode is deposited over the emitter layer. A bottom contact electrode is deposited on a side of the substrate opposite the wires.
摘要翻译：提供了制造纳米线/微丝基太阳能电池的技术。其中，提供了太阳能电池的制造方法。该方法包括以下步骤。提供掺杂的衬底。单层球体沉积在基材上。球体包括纳米球，微球或其组合。球体被修剪以在单层中的单个球体之间引入空间。修剪的球体用作掩模以在基底中图案线。电线包括纳米线，微丝或其组合。在图案化的导线上形成掺杂的发射极层。顶部接触电极沉积在发射极层上。底部接触电极沉积在与电线相对的基板的一侧上。

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