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    • 5. 发明授权
    • High-blast explosive compositions containing particulate metal
    • 含有颗粒金属的高爆炸性组合物
    • US08168016B1
    • 2012-05-01
    • US10907599
    • 2005-04-07
    • Steven M. NicolichChristos CapellosWendy A. BalasJeffrey D. AkesterRobert L. Hatch
    • Steven M. NicolichChristos CapellosWendy A. BalasJeffrey D. AkesterRobert L. Hatch
    • D03D23/00D03D43/00
    • C06B33/08C06B45/10C06B45/105
    • High performance aluminized explosive compositions for high performance, high blast, low sensitivity explosive applications are disclosed. The compositions include Cl-20, HMX, RDX, or another material as the explosive ingredient, a binder system of cellulose acetate butyrate and bis-dinitropropyl acetyl and bis-dinitropropyl formal, and aluminum. The explosive is preferably pressable and or/mixable to permit formation into grains suitable for ordnance and similar applications including grenades, warheads, landmines, demolition, etc. The aluminum fully participates in the detonation of said explosive, manifesting its energy into fully useable metal pushing energy suitable for shaped charges, explosively formed penetrators, fragmentation warheads, enhanced blast warheads, multipurpose warheads, and the like. The aluminum is substantially reacted at two volume expansions of the expanding gas, and fully reacted prior to seven volume expansions of the expanding gas.
    • 公开了用于高性能,高爆炸,低灵敏度爆炸应用的高性能镀铝炸药组合物。 组合物包括Cl-20,HMX,RDX或作为爆炸成分的另一种材料,乙酸丁酸纤维素和二 - 二硝基丙基乙酰基和双二硝基丙基甲缩醛的粘合剂体系和铝。 爆炸物优选是可压制的和/或可混合的,以允许形成适合于军械和类似应用的谷物,包括手榴弹,弹头,地雷,拆除等。铝完全参与爆炸物的爆炸,将其表现为完全可用的金属推动 适用于成型装药,爆炸形成的穿透器,分裂弹头,增强爆炸弹头,多用途弹头等的能量。 铝在膨胀气体的两个体积膨胀时基本上反应,并且在膨胀气体的七次体积膨胀之前完全反应。
    • 6. 发明授权
    • Nonane
    • 壬烷
    • US5212308A
    • 1993-05-18
    • US894503
    • 1992-06-05
    • William S. LukasavageSeymour PortnoyJack AlsterSteven M. Nicolich
    • William S. LukasavageSeymour PortnoyJack AlsterSteven M. Nicolich
    • B01J19/00C07D487/08
    • C07D487/08B01J19/0013B01J2219/00123Y02P20/582
    • The invention provides a continuous moving bed reactor, useful for the prration of 3,7-diacetyl-1,3,5,7-tetraazabicyclo-3.3.1-nonane (DAPT). The reactor makes novel use of water, a known catalyst for said reaction. However, in this invention, the water is present as ice. The ice is made to automatically promote and moderate the reaction as well as regulate the flow of hexamine into the reactor. These automatic functions are achieved by mixing ice with hexamine, the latter is one of two principle reactants used, to generate a standing bed of slurry. When melted at its base, the slurry advanced under the influence of gravity. The melting of the ice being caused by local application of the second principle reactant, acetic anhydride, which is a liquid.The apparatus is constructed in the following way. A tube shaped reservoir for containing the cited slurry is open at the top end and terminates at its bottom end by a porous compartment. The latter compartment openly retains the slurry. A fluid delivery device, i.e. a nozzle, is contained within the porous compartment. The functions of the nozzle is to deliver acetic anhydrid to the hexamine contained in said slurry.The porous compartment is contained within a larger nonporous vessel. The vessel is equipped with a stirrer, an ammonia inlet and a temperature sensing device. This vessel functions as a secondary reaction zone, in which more hexamine, and hece more DAPT, is prepared by an in-situ mechanism commonly known as resynthesis.
    • 本发明提供了可用于制备3,7-二乙酰基-1,3,5,7-四氮杂双环3.3.1-壬烷(DAPT)的连续移动床反应器。 反应器新颖地使用水,这是所述反应的已知催化剂。 然而,在本发明中,水以冰存在。 制冰以自动促进和缓和反应以及调节六胺进入反应器的流量。 这些自动功能通过将冰与六胺混合来实现,后者是所用的两种主要反应物之一,以产生浆液的静置床。 在其底部熔化时,浆料在重力的作用下进行。 冰的融化是由局部应用的第二主要反应物,乙酸酐(它是一种液体)引起的。 该装置以如下方式构成。 用于容纳所引用的浆料的管状容器在顶端是开放的,并且在其底端通过多孔隔室终止。 后隔室公开地保留浆料。 流体输送装置,即喷嘴,被包含在多孔隔室内。 喷嘴的功能是将乙酸酐输送到所述浆料中所含的六胺。 多孔隔室包含在较大的无孔容器内。 容器装有搅拌器,氨入口和温度感测装置。 该容器用作二次反应区,其中更多的六胺和更多的DAPT通过通常称为再合成的原位机制来制备。
    • 7. 发明授权
    • Reactor
    • 反应堆
    • US5246671A
    • 1993-09-21
    • US959502
    • 1992-10-09
    • William S. LukasavageSeymour PortnoyJack AlsterSteven M. Nicolich
    • William S. LukasavageSeymour PortnoyJack AlsterSteven M. Nicolich
    • B01J19/00C07D487/08
    • C07D487/08B01J19/0013B01J2219/00123Y02P20/582
    • The invention provides a continuous moving bed reactor, useful for the prration of 3,7-diacetyl-1,3,5,7-tetraazabicyclo-3.3.1-nonane (DAPT). The reactor makes novel use of water, a known catalyst for said reaction. However, in this invention, the water is present as ice. The ice is made to automatically promote and moderate the reaction as well as regulate the flow of hexamine into the reactor. These automatic functions are achieved by mixing ice with hexamine, the latter is one of two principle reactants used, to generate a standing bed of slurry. When melted at its base, the slurry advanced under the influence of gravity. The melting of the ice being caused by local application of the second principle reactant, acetic anhydride, which is a liquid.The apparatus is constructed in the following way. A tube shaped reservoir for containing the cited slurry is open at the top end and terminates at its bottom end by a porous compartment. The latter compartment openly retains the slurry. A fluid delivery device, i.e. a nozzle, is contained within the porous compartment. The functions of the nozzle is to deliver acetic anhydrid to the hexamine contained in said slurry.The porous compartment is contained within a larger nonporous vessel. The vessel is equipped with a stirrer, an ammonia inlet and a temperature sensing device. This vessel functions as a secondary reaction zone, in which more hexamine, and hece more DAPT, is prepared by an in-situ mechanism commonly known as resynthesis.
    • 本发明提供了可用于制备3,7-二乙酰基-1,3,5,7-四氮杂双环3.3.1-壬烷(DAPT)的连续移动床反应器。 反应器新颖地使用水,这是所述反应的已知催化剂。 然而,在本发明中,水以冰存在。 制冰以自动促进和缓和反应以及调节六胺进入反应器的流量。 这些自动功能通过将冰与六胺混合来实现,后者是所用的两种主要反应物之一,以产生浆液的静置床。 在其底部熔化时,浆料在重力的作用下进行。 冰的融化是由局部应用的第二主要反应物,乙酸酐(它是一种液体)引起的。 该装置以如下方式构成。 用于容纳所引用的浆料的管状容器在顶端是开放的,并且在其底端通过多孔隔室终止。 后隔室公开地保留浆料。 流体输送装置,即喷嘴,被包含在多孔隔室内。 喷嘴的功能是将乙酸酐输送到所述浆料中所含的六胺。 多孔隔室包含在较大的无孔容器内。 容器装有搅拌器,氨入口和温度感测装置。 该容器用作二次反应区,其中更多的六胺和更多的DAPT通过通常称为再合成的原位机制来制备。