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    • 3. 发明申请
    • Method, apparatus and computer program for estimating spectrum using a folding ADC
    • 使用折叠ADC估计频谱的方法,装置和计算机程序
    • US20100029210A1
    • 2010-02-04
    • US12148859
    • 2008-04-22
    • Mikko KaltiokallioSaska LindforsJussi Ryynanen
    • Mikko KaltiokallioSaska LindforsJussi Ryynanen
    • H04B17/00G05B23/00
    • H03J1/0091
    • To find frequency slots over which a cognitive radio can send an opportunistic transmission, a wideband spectrum is searched with a lower resolution to identify bandwidth slices having low or no signal levels. The identified bandwidth slices are searched with a higher resolution candidate frequency slices are selected as those bandwidth slices having least signal levels after the higher resolution searching, and ranked from lowest signal level to highest. A spectrum detection algorithm is executed on the selected candidate frequency slices in the order of the rank until it is decided that one of them has sufficiently free spectrum. A transmission is then opportunistically sent on the decided candidate frequency slice. Ongoing to the searching, intermittent signals are detected and a band about them is searched with the lower resolution to determine if the band about the detected intermittent signal is an identified bandwidth slice. Various techniques are shown for how the fine search is conducted.
    • 为了找到认知无线电可以在其上发送机会性传输的频率时隙,以较低的分辨率搜索宽带频谱以识别具有低信号级别或没有信号级别的带宽片段。 用更高分辨率的候选频率片段搜索所识别的带宽片,作为在更高分辨率搜索之后具有最小信号电平的那些带宽片,并且从最低信号电平到最高排列。 在所选择的候选频率片上以等级的顺序执行频谱检测算法,直到确定其中的一个具有足够的自由频谱。 然后在所确定的候选频率片上机会地发送传输。 进行搜索时,检测到间歇信号,并以较低的分辨率搜索关于它们的频带,以确定关于检测到的间歇信号的频带是否是识别的带宽片。 显示了如何进行精细搜索的各种技术。
    • 4. 发明授权
    • Method and circuit for sampling a signal at high sampling frequency
    • 采样频率高的信号采样方法和电路
    • US06438366B1
    • 2002-08-20
    • US09316357
    • 1999-05-21
    • Saska LindforsAarno PärssinenKari Halonen
    • Saska LindforsAarno PärssinenKari Halonen
    • H03H1702
    • H03H19/004H03H17/0291
    • Electrical circuit (300, 500, 800, 900) has an input (301, 501, 801, 802, 901, 902) and an output (311, 502, OUT, I-OUT, Q-OUT). The circuit samples an input signal coupled to the input having a certain input frequency and converts the input signal into a certain output frequency at the output, the output frequency being lower than the input frequency. It comprises a first sampler circuit (302, 510, 803, 910) coupled to the input, a second sampler circuit (303, 520, 804, 920) coupled to the input, a buffering component (309, 509, 809, 903, 904) coupled to the output and buffer switching means (305-307, 514, 515, 811-818, 914, 915, 924, 925, 934, 935, 944, 945, 954, 955, 964, 965, 974, 975, 984, 985). The buffer switching means are arranged to respond to a buffering command (fs/N, A, B) by coupling said first sampler circuit and said second sampler circuit to said buffering component.
    • 电路(300,500,800,900)具有输入(301,501,801,802,901,902)和输出(311,502,OUT,I-OUT,Q-OUT)。 电路对耦合到具有一定输入频率的输入的输入信号进行采样,并将输入信号转换成输出端的某一输出频率,输出频率低于输入频率。 它包括耦合到输入的第一采样器电路(302,510,803,910),耦合到输入的第二采样器电路(303,520,804,920),缓冲部件(309,509,809,903,904) )耦合到输出和缓冲器切换装置(305-307,514,515,811-818,914,915,924,925,934,935,944,945,954,955,964,965,974,975,984,984 缓冲器切换装置被布置成通过将所述第一采样器电路和所述第二采样器电路耦合到所述缓冲部件来响应缓冲命令(fs / N,A,B)。
    • 6. 发明授权
    • Delta-sigma modulator with two-step quantization, and method for using two-step quantization in delta-sigma modulation
    • 具有两步量化的Δ-Σ调制器以及在Δ-Σ调制中使用两步量化的方法
    • US06313775B1
    • 2001-11-06
    • US09652749
    • 2000-08-31
    • Saska LindforsKari Halonen
    • Saska LindforsKari Halonen
    • H03M382
    • H03M3/424H03M1/167
    • A delta-sigma modulator for converting an analog input signal into a digital output signal comprises a modulator input (501) and a first analog to digital converter (504) coupled to the modulator input (501). The first analog to digital converter has a first analog input and a first digital output. The delta-sigma modulator further comprises an error quantization unit (505, 506, 507) coupled to the first digital output for determining the quantization error caused by the first analog to digital converter (504). Additionally it comprises first signal combining means (508, 708, 802) for combining the outputs of the first analog to digital converter and said error quantization unit to form the digital output signal.
    • 用于将模拟输入信号转换为数字输出信号的Δ-Σ调制器包括耦合到调制器输入(501)的调制器输入(501)和第一模数转换器(504)。 第一模数转换器具有第一模拟输入和第一数字输出。 Δ-Σ调制器还包括耦合到第一数字输出的误差量化单元(505,506,507),用于确定由第一模数转换器(504)引起的量化误差。 另外,它包括用于组合第一模数转换器和所述误差量化单元的输出以形成数字输出信号的第一信号组合装置(508,708,802)。