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1. 发明授权

US5600691A Noble metal doping or coating of crack interior for stress corrosion cracking protection of metals 失效
标题翻译：贵金属掺杂或涂层裂纹内部应力腐蚀开裂保护金属
公开(公告)号：US5600691A
公开(公告)日：1997-02-04
申请号：US209572
申请日：1994-03-10
申请人： Samson Hettiarachchi , Robert L. Cowan, II , Thomas P. Diaz , Gary P. Wozadlo
发明人： Samson Hettiarachchi , Robert L. Cowan, II , Thomas P. Diaz , Gary P. Wozadlo
IPC分类号： G21D1/00 , B01J37/03 , C23F11/08 , C23F11/18 , C23F15/00 , G01N17/02 , G21C3/07 , G21C17/02 , G21C17/022 , G21C19/28 , G21C19/30 , G21C19/307 , G21D3/08 , G21C9/00
CPC分类号： G21C17/0225 , B01J37/031 , C23F11/08 , C23F11/18 , C23F15/00 , G01N17/02 , G21C17/02 , G21C19/28 , G21C19/30 , G21C19/307 , G21C3/07 , G21C17/022 , G21Y2002/102 , G21Y2002/103 , G21Y2002/104 , G21Y2002/204 , G21Y2004/10 , G21Y2004/20 , G21Y2004/30 , G21Y2004/40 , Y02E30/40
摘要： A method for mitigating crack growth on the surface of stainless steel or other metal components in a water-cooled nuclear reactor. A compound containing a noble metal, e.g., palladium, is injected into the water of the reactor in the form of a solution or suspension. This compound has the property that it decomposes under reactor thermal conditions to release ions/atoms of the noble metal which incorporate in or deposit on the interior surfaces of the crack. The compound may be organic, organometallic (e.g., palladium acetylacetonate) or inorganic in nature. The palladium deposited inside a crack should exhibit catalytic behavior even if the bulk surface palladium is depleted under high fluid flow conditions. As a result, the electrochemical potential inside the crack is decreased to a level below the critical potential to protect against intergranular stress corrosion cracking.
摘要翻译：一种减轻水冷核反应堆不锈钢或其他金属部件表面裂纹扩展的方法。将包含贵金属如钯的化合物以溶液或悬浮液的形式注入反应器的水中。该化合物具有其在反应器热条件下分解以释放掺入或沉积在裂纹内表面上的贵金属的离子/原子的性质。化合物可以是有机的，有机金属的（例如乙酰丙酮钯）或无机的。即使在高流体流动条件下体表面钯耗尽，沉积在裂纹内的钯也应该具有催化作用。因此，裂纹内部的电化学电位降低到临界电位以下以防止晶间应力腐蚀开裂。

2. 发明授权

US5602888A Radiation-induced palladium doping of metals to protect against stress corrosion cracking 失效
标题翻译：金属的辐射诱导钯掺杂，以防止应力腐蚀开裂
公开(公告)号：US5602888A
公开(公告)日：1997-02-11
申请号：US416656
申请日：1995-04-05
申请人： Samson Hettiarachchi , Thomas P. Diaz , Gary P. Wozadlo
发明人： Samson Hettiarachchi , Thomas P. Diaz , Gary P. Wozadlo
IPC分类号： G21D1/00 , B01J37/03 , C23C30/00 , C23F11/08 , C23F11/18 , G01N17/02 , G21C3/07 , G21C17/02 , G21C17/022 , G21C19/28 , G21C19/30 , G21C19/307 , G21D3/08 , G21C9/00
CPC分类号： G21C17/0225 , B01J37/031 , C23F11/08 , C23F11/18 , G01N17/02 , G21C17/02 , G21C17/022 , G21C19/28 , G21C19/30 , G21C19/307 , G21C3/07 , G21Y2002/102 , G21Y2002/103 , G21Y2002/104 , G21Y2002/204 , G21Y2004/10 , G21Y2004/20 , G21Y2004/30 , G21Y2004/40 , Y02E30/40
摘要： A method for mitigating crack growth on the surface of stainless steel or other alloy components in a water-cooled nuclear reactor wherein a solution or suspension of a compound containing a noble metal is injected into the coolant water while the reactor is not generating nuclear heat, e.g., during shutdown or recirculation pump heatup. During shutdown, the reactor coolant water reaches temperatures as low as 120.degree. F., in contrast to the water temperature of 550.degree. F. during normal operation. During pump heatup, the water temperature reaches 400.degree.-450.degree. F. At these reduced temperatures, the rate of thermal decomposition of the injected noble metal compound is reduced. However, radiation-induced decomposition also occurs inside the reactor. In particular, the noble metal compound can be decomposed by the gamma radiation emanating from the nuclear fuel core of the reactor. The noble metal compound decomposes under reactor thermal and radiation conditions to release ions/atoms of the noble metal which incorporate in or deposit on the oxide film formed on the stainless steel and other alloy components. As a result, the electrochemical potential of the metal surface is maintained at a level below the critical potential in the presence of low levels of hydrogen to protect against intergranular stress corrosion cracking.
摘要翻译：一种用于减轻水冷核反应堆中不锈钢或其他合金组分表面上的裂纹扩展的方法，其中将含有贵金属的化合物的溶液或悬浮液注入冷却水中，同时反应器不产生核热，例如在停机或再循环泵加热期间。在停机期间，反应堆冷却水的温度低至120°F，与正常运行时的550°F水温相反。在泵加热期间，水温达到400°-450°F。在这些降低的温度下，注入的贵金属化合物的热分解速率降低。然而，辐射诱导的分解也发生在反应器内部。特别地，贵金属化合物可以通过从反应器的核燃料芯发出的γ射线分解。贵金属化合物在反应器热和辐射条件下分解，以释放掺入或沉积在不锈钢和其它合金组分上形成的氧化膜上的贵金属的离子/原子。因此，在低水平的氢气存在下，金属表面的电化学势能保持在低于临界电位的水平，以防止晶间应力腐蚀开裂。

3. 发明授权

US5625656A Method for monitoring noble metal distribution in reactor circuit during plant application 失效
标题翻译：在工厂应用中监测电抗器电路中贵金属分布的方法
公开(公告)号：US5625656A
公开(公告)日：1997-04-29
申请号：US482243
申请日：1995-06-07
申请人： Samson Hettiarachchi , Robert L. Cowan, II , Robert J. Law , Thomas P. Diaz
发明人： Samson Hettiarachchi , Robert L. Cowan, II , Robert J. Law , Thomas P. Diaz
IPC分类号： B01J37/03 , C23F11/08 , C23F11/18 , G01N17/02 , G21C3/07 , G21C17/02 , G21C17/022 , G21C19/28 , G21C19/30 , G21C19/307
CPC分类号： B01J37/031 , C23F11/08 , C23F11/18 , C23F15/00 , G01N17/02 , G21C17/02 , G21C17/022 , G21C17/0225 , G21C19/28 , G21C19/30 , G21C19/307 , G21C3/07 , G21Y2002/102 , G21Y2002/103 , G21Y2002/104 , G21Y2002/204 , G21Y2004/10 , G21Y2004/20 , G21Y2004/30 , G21Y2004/40 , Y02E30/40
摘要： A method for ensuring the distribution of noble metal in the reactor circuit during plant application without measuring the reactor water for noble metal content by chemical analysis. The method involves the measurement of electrochemical corrosion potential in an autoclave or a high-flow test section that is connected to the reactor water circuit through sample lines downstream of the injection port, preferably the point in the reactor circuit which is furthest from the injection port. If the noble metal flows into the autoclave or test section at these distant points in the reactor circuit, then the noble metal will deposit on the test specimens inside the autoclave or test section. After the noble metal has been injected for a predetermined duration, the electrochemical corrosion potential autoclave or test section is exposed to hydrogen water chemistry conditions and the electrochemical corrosion potentials of the specimens inside the autoclave or test section will be measured to determine the extent of their catalytic response. A good catalytic response indicates that the noble metal has reached the locations upstream where electrochemical corrosion potential is being measured.
摘要翻译：一种用于确保在植物施用期间在反应器回路中分布贵金属的方法，而不通过化学分析测量贵金属含量的反应器水。该方法包括在高压灭菌器或高流量测试部分中测量电化学腐蚀电位，该高压灭菌器或高流量试验部分通过注入口下游的取样管线连接到反应器水回路，优选地在反应器电路中与注射端口最远的点。如果贵金属在反应器电路中的这些远处流入高压釜或试验部分，则贵金属将沉积在高压釜或试验部分内的试样上。在将贵金属注入预定时间后，将电化学腐蚀潜力的高压釜或试验部分暴露于氢水化学条件下，并测量高压釜或试验部分内的试样的电化学腐蚀电位，以确定它们的程度催化反应。良好的催化反应表明贵金属已经到达测量电化学腐蚀电位的上游位置。

4. 发明申请

US20140360606A1 Passive Injection of a Chemical Solution into a Process Stream 有权
标题翻译：将化学溶液无源注入工艺流
公开(公告)号：US20140360606A1
公开(公告)日：2014-12-11
申请号：US14298191
申请日：2014-06-06
申请人： Robert James Law , Robert L. Cowan , Thomas P. Diaz , Samson Hettiarachchi
发明人： Robert James Law , Robert L. Cowan , Thomas P. Diaz , Samson Hettiarachchi
IPC分类号： B01F13/02
CPC分类号： B01F15/0412 , B01F5/0495 , F16K19/003 , G05D11/006 , Y10T137/2218
摘要： A system and method of injecting a chemical into a high pressure process stream without pumps or other active components. The system utilizes the differential pressure created by resistive losses of downstream components within a high pressure process stream. A bypass side stream is taken from an upstream pressure location and returned to the downstream side of the resistive inline process component. The chemical solution vessel is pressurized by the higher side of the pressure differential. The solution then passes through a flow controlling capillary tube exiting on the lower pressure differential side into the bypass stream. The high flow rate chemically diluted bypass stream then returns to the process stream at the lower differential process stream tie-in. The chemical solution is isolated from the process water pressuring the vessel by a movable separating device preventing mixing of the two fluids. The vessel can also be pressurized by gas.
摘要翻译：将化学品注入高压工艺流而不使用泵或其他活性组分的系统和方法。该系统利用由高压工艺流中的下游部件的电阻损耗产生的压差。旁路侧流从上游压力位置获取，并返回到电阻内联过程组件的下游侧。化学溶液容器由压力差的较高侧加压。然后溶液通过从低压差侧出来的流动控制毛细管进入旁路流。然后，高流量化学稀释的旁路流在较低的差分过程流束缚下返回到过程流。化学溶液是通过可移动的分离装置从加工水中分离出来的，以防止两种流体的混合。容器也可以用气体加压。

5. 发明授权

US06697449B2 Temperature-based method for controlling the amount of metal applied to metal oxide surfaces to reduce corrosion and stress corrosion cracking 有权
标题翻译：用于控制施加到金属氧化物表面的金属的量的基于温度的方法以减少腐蚀和应力腐蚀开裂
公开(公告)号：US06697449B2
公开(公告)日：2004-02-24
申请号：US10118926
申请日：2002-04-10
申请人： Samson Hettiarachchi , Robert J. Law , David P. Siegwarth , Thomas P. Diaz , Robert L. Cowan
发明人： Samson Hettiarachchi , Robert J. Law , David P. Siegwarth , Thomas P. Diaz , Robert L. Cowan
IPC分类号： G21C900
CPC分类号： G21C19/307 , C23F11/18 , G21Y2002/103 , G21Y2002/201 , G21Y2004/20 , G21Y2004/40
摘要： Method for controlling the amount of metal atoms deposited into an oxide layer present on a metal surface, which metal atoms increase the corrosion resistance of metal when present in the oxide film, wherein the metal surface is submerged in water at a selected temperature within the range of about to 200° to 550° F.; and a solution of a compound containing the metal which increases the corrosion resistance of the metal surface when present in the oxide film is injected into the water. The compound decomposes at the selected temperature to release atoms of the metal which incorporate in the oxide film at a desired loading.
摘要翻译：用于控制沉积在金属表面上的氧化物层中的金属原子的量的方法，该金属原子在存在于氧化物膜中时增加了金属的耐腐蚀性，其中金属表面在选定温度范围内浸没在水中约为200°至550°F。并且当存在于氧化物膜中时，含有金属的化合物溶液，其将金属表面的耐腐蚀性提高到水中。该化合物在所选择的温度下分解以释放掺入氧化物膜中的金属原子以所需的载量。

6. 发明授权

US06714618B1 Temperature-based method for controlling the amount of metal applied to metal oxide surfaces to reduce corrosion and stress corrosion cracking 有权
公开(公告)号：US06714618B1
公开(公告)日：2004-03-30
申请号：US09196104
申请日：1998-11-20
申请人： Samson Hettiarachchi , Robert J. Law , David P. Siegwarth , Thomas P. Diaz , Robert L. Cowan
发明人： Samson Hettiarachchi , Robert J. Law , David P. Siegwarth , Thomas P. Diaz , Robert L. Cowan
IPC分类号： G21C900
CPC分类号： G21C19/307 , C23F11/18 , G21Y2002/103 , G21Y2002/201 , G21Y2004/20 , G21Y2004/40
摘要： Method for controlling the amount of metal atoms deposited into an oxide layer present on a metal surface, which metal atoms increase the corrosion resistance of metal when present in the oxide film, wherein the metal surface is submerged in water at a selected temperature within the range of about to 200° to 550° F.; and a solution of a compound containing the metal which increases the corrosion resistance of the metal surface when present in the oxide film is injected into the water. The compound decomposes at the selected temperature to release atoms of the metal which incorporate in the oxide film at a desired loading.

7. 发明授权

US09533270B2 Passive injection of a chemical solution into a process stream 有权
标题翻译：将化学溶液无源注入工艺流
公开(公告)号：US09533270B2
公开(公告)日：2017-01-03
申请号：US14298191
申请日：2014-06-06
申请人： Robert James Law , Robert L Cowan , Thomas P Diaz , Samson Hettiarachchi
发明人： Robert James Law , Robert L Cowan , Thomas P Diaz , Samson Hettiarachchi
IPC分类号： B01F15/04 , B01F5/04 , G05D11/00 , F16K11/00
CPC分类号： B01F15/0412 , B01F5/0495 , F16K19/003 , G05D11/006 , Y10T137/2218
摘要： A system and method of injecting a chemical into a high pressure process stream without pumps or other active components. The system utilizes the differential pressure created by resistive losses of downstream components within a high pressure process stream. A bypass side stream is taken from an upstream pressure location and returned to the downstream side of the resistive inline process component. The chemical solution vessel is pressurized by the higher side of the pressure differential. The solution then passes through a flow controlling capillary tube exiting on the lower pressure differential side into the bypass stream. The high flow rate chemically diluted bypass stream then returns to the process stream at the lower differential process stream tie-in. The chemical solution is isolated from the process water pressuring the vessel by a movable separating device preventing mixing of the two fluids. The vessel can also be pressurized by gas.
摘要翻译：将化学品注入高压工艺流而不使用泵或其他活性组分的系统和方法。该系统利用由高压工艺流中的下游部件的电阻损耗产生的压差。旁路侧流从上游压力位置获取，并返回到电阻内联过程组件的下游侧。化学溶液容器由压力差的较高侧加压。然后溶液通过从低压差侧出来的流动控制毛细管进入旁路流。然后，高流量化学稀释的旁路流在较低的差分过程流束缚下返回到过程流。化学溶液是通过可移动的分离装置从加工水中分离出来的，以防止两种流体的混合。容器也可以用气体加压。

8. 发明授权

US5774516A Modification of oxide film electrical conductivity to maintain low corrosion potential in high-temperature water 失效
标题翻译：修改氧化膜电导率，以保持高温水中的低腐蚀潜力
公开(公告)号：US5774516A
公开(公告)日：1998-06-30
申请号：US698178
申请日：1996-08-15
申请人： Samson Hettiarachchi , Young J. Kim , Peter L. Andresen , Thomas P. Diaz
发明人： Samson Hettiarachchi , Young J. Kim , Peter L. Andresen , Thomas P. Diaz
IPC分类号： G21D1/00 , B01J37/03 , C23C8/80 , C23C12/00 , C23F11/08 , C23F11/18 , G01N17/02 , G21C17/02 , G21C17/022 , G21C19/28 , G21C19/30 , G21C19/307 , G21C9/00
CPC分类号： G21C17/0225 , B01J37/031 , C23C12/00 , C23C8/80 , C23F11/08 , C23F11/18 , G01N17/02 , G21C17/02 , G21C19/28 , G21C19/30 , G21C19/307 , G21C17/022 , G21Y2002/102 , G21Y2002/103 , G21Y2002/104 , G21Y2002/201 , G21Y2002/204 , G21Y2004/10 , G21Y2004/101 , G21Y2004/20 , G21Y2004/30 , G21Y2004/302 , G21Y2004/40
摘要： A method for mitigating general corrosion and crack initiation and growth on the surface of a metal components in a water-cooled nuclear reactor. A compound containing a non-noble metal such as zirconium or titanium is injected into the water of the reactor in the form of a solution or suspension. This compound decomposes under reactor thermal conditions to release ions or atoms of the non-noble metal which incorporate in the surfaces of the components, including the interior surfaces of any cracks formed therein. The preferred compounds are zirconium compounds such as zirconium acetylacetonate, zirconium nitrate and zirconyl nitrate. Zirconium incorporated in the oxided surface of a metal component will reduce the electrochemical corrosion potential at the surface to a level below the critical potential to protect against intergranular stress corrosion cracking without the addition of hydrogen.
摘要翻译：一种减轻水冷核反应堆中金属组分表面的一般腐蚀和裂纹开始和生长的方法。含有非贵金属如锆或钛的化合物以溶液或悬浮液的形式注入反应器的水中。该化合物在反应器热条件下分解以释放非贵金属的离子或原子，其结合在组分的表面中，包括其中形成的任何裂纹的内表面。优选的化合物是锆化合物，例如乙酰丙酮酸锆，硝酸锆和硝酸氧锆。结合在金属部件的氧化表面中的锆将使表面处的电化学腐蚀电位降低到低于临界电位的水平，以防止在不加氢的情况下防止晶间应力腐蚀开裂。

9. 发明授权

US5608766A Co-deposition of palladium during oxide film growth in high-temperature water to mitigate stress corrosion cracking 失效
标题翻译：在高温水中氧化膜生长期间钯的共沉积以减轻应力腐蚀开裂
公开(公告)号：US5608766A
公开(公告)日：1997-03-04
申请号：US322253
申请日：1994-10-13
申请人： Peter L. Andresen , Samson Hettiarachchi , Young J. Kim , Thomas P. Diaz
发明人： Peter L. Andresen , Samson Hettiarachchi , Young J. Kim , Thomas P. Diaz
IPC分类号： G21D1/00 , B01J37/03 , C23C8/80 , C23C12/00 , C23F11/08 , C23F11/18 , G01N17/02 , G21C17/02 , G21C17/022 , G21C19/28 , G21C19/30 , G21C19/307 , G21D3/08 , G21C9/00
CPC分类号： G21C17/0225 , B01J37/031 , C23C12/00 , C23C8/80 , C23F11/08 , C23F11/18 , G01N17/02 , G21C17/02 , G21C19/28 , G21C19/30 , G21C19/307 , G21C17/022 , G21Y2002/102 , G21Y2002/103 , G21Y2002/104 , G21Y2002/201 , G21Y2002/204 , G21Y2004/10 , G21Y2004/101 , G21Y2004/20 , G21Y2004/30 , G21Y2004/302 , G21Y2004/40
摘要： A method for improving the performance and longevity of coatings of metal deposited from aqueous solutions of inorganic, organic or oraganometallic metal compounds. The method involves co-deposition of noble metal or corrosion-inhibiting non-noble metal during growth of oxide film on a component made of alloy, e.g., stainless steels and nickel-based alloys. The result is a metal-doped oxide film having a relatively longer life in the reactor operating environment. In particular, incorporation of palladium into the film provides greatly increased catalytic life as compared to palladium coatings which lie on the oxide surface.
摘要翻译：一种改善由无机，有机或金属金属化合物的水溶液沉积的金属涂层的性能和寿命的方法。该方法包括在由诸如不锈钢和镍基合金的合金制成的部件上氧化膜生长期间共沉积贵金属或腐蚀抑制非贵金属。结果是在反应器操作环境中具有相对较长寿命的金属掺杂氧化物膜。特别地，与位于氧化物表面上的钯涂层相比，将钯引入膜中提供了大大增加的催化寿命。

10. 发明授权

US08054933B2 Chemical injection system and chemical delivery process/method of injecting into an operating power reactor 有权
标题翻译：化学注入系统和化学品输送过程/注入工作电力反应堆的方法
公开(公告)号：US08054933B2
公开(公告)日：2011-11-08
申请号：US12000717
申请日：2007-12-17
申请人： Luong Cam Tran , Thomas P. Diaz , Samson Hettiarachchi , Paul Y. Shu , David P. Siegwarth
发明人： Luong Cam Tran , Thomas P. Diaz , Samson Hettiarachchi , Paul Y. Shu , David P. Siegwarth
IPC分类号： G21C9/00
CPC分类号： G21C17/0225 , G21C19/28
摘要： An injection system designed to deliver a chemical solution into a reactor through feedwater system taps during normal operating condition of a power reactor is disclosed. The process of delivery is via positive displacement pumps. Injection of chemical is in a concentrated solution form, which is internally diluted by the system prior to discharging from the skid. The injection system minimizes chemical loss due to deposition on the transit line, enables a higher concentrated solution to be used as the injectant, eliminates the time consuming laborious process of chemical dilution, raises chemical solution to the pressure required for injection, prevents solid precipitations out of solution at the injection pump head through the use of a flush solution, and deposits fresh chemical on new crack surfaces that develop during a power reactor start-up, shutdown and operation.
摘要翻译：公开了一种注射系统，其设计用于在动力反应堆的正常操作条件下通过给水系统抽头将化学溶液输送到反应器中。输送过程是通过正排量泵。注射化学品是浓缩溶液形式，其在从滑板排出之前由系统内部稀释。注射系统可以最大限度地减少由于在输送管线上沉积引起的化学损失，使更高浓度的溶液能够用作注射剂，消除耗时费力的化学稀释过程，提高注射所需压力的化学溶液，防止固体沉淀出来通过使用冲洗溶液在注射泵头处的溶液，并将新鲜的化学物质储存在在电力反应堆起动，停机和操作期间发展的新的裂纹表面上。

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