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1. 发明授权

US07737993B2 Methods, systems, and programming for producing and displaying subpixel-optimized images and digital content including such images 失效
标题翻译：用于生成和显示子像素优化图像的方法，系统和编程，以及包括这种图像的数字内容
公开(公告)号：US07737993B2
公开(公告)日：2010-06-15
申请号：US10700376
申请日：2003-11-03
申请人： Sampo J. Kaasila , John S. Collins , Edward W. Porter
发明人： Sampo J. Kaasila , John S. Collins , Edward W. Porter
IPC分类号： G09G5/00
CPC分类号： G09G5/28 , G06F3/0481 , G06F3/0488 , G06F3/14 , G06F17/30905 , G06T11/203 , G06T11/40 , G06T2200/12 , G09G3/2003 , G09G5/00 , G09G5/026 , G09G5/24 , G09G5/34 , G09G5/42 , G09G2320/0606 , G09G2340/0407 , G09G2340/0414 , G09G2340/0421 , G09G2340/045 , G09G2340/0457 , G09G2340/0492 , G09G2340/145 , G09G2370/027 , H04M1/72561
摘要： Methods, systems, and programming for producing and displaying a scaled-down representation of subpixel-optimized images and digital content including such images that is represented by a mark-up language. Some embodiments display the text in such digital content using a different subpixel optimization than that used for the images. Others produce the subpixel-optimized images by calculating the luminosity of a subpixel as a function of the length of a plurality of coverage lines within a window in a source image corresponding to the subpixel that is covered by source image pixels having the subpixel's color. Some embodiments calculate the luminosity of a subpixel in such a subpixel-optimized image as a function both of the average luminosity of pixels in the subpixel's source image window and as a function of any color balancing distribution between resulting subpixel luminosities necessary to reduce color imbalance.
摘要翻译：用于产生和显示亚像素优化图像和数字内容的缩小表示的方法，系统和编程，包括由标记语言表示的这样的图像。一些实施例使用与用于图像的不同的子像素优化来显示这种数字内容中的文本。其他通过计算子像素的亮度作为与由具有子像素的颜色的源图像像素覆盖的子像素相对应的源图像内的窗口内的多个覆盖线的长度的函数来产生子像素优化图像。一些实施例将子像素优化图像中的子像素的亮度计算为子像素的源图像窗口中的像素的平均亮度和作为减少颜色不平衡所必需的所得子像素亮度之间的任何色平衡分布的函数的函数。

2. 发明授权

US07222306B2 Methods, systems, and programming for computer display of images, text, and/or digital content 失效
标题翻译：计算机显示图像，文本和/或数字内容的方法，系统和程序
公开(公告)号：US07222306B2
公开(公告)日：2007-05-22
申请号：US10138923
申请日：2002-05-02
申请人： Sampo J. Kaasila , John S. Collins
发明人： Sampo J. Kaasila , John S. Collins
IPC分类号： G06F3/00
CPC分类号： G09G5/28 , G06F3/0481 , G06F3/0488 , G06F3/14 , G06F17/30905 , G06T11/203 , G06T11/40 , G06T2200/12 , G09G3/2003 , G09G5/00 , G09G5/026 , G09G5/24 , G09G5/34 , G09G5/42 , G09G2320/0606 , G09G2340/0407 , G09G2340/0414 , G09G2340/0421 , G09G2340/045 , G09G2340/0457 , G09G2340/0492 , G09G2340/145 , G09G2370/027 , H04M1/72561
摘要： A bitmap of a shape, such as a font, can be subpixel optimized by producing for each of a display's subpixels a coverage value representing the percent of its area covered by the shape being represented and by distributing, to prevent color imbalance, an amount of a given subpixel's coverage value to nearby subpixels of different colors as a function of the percent of the given subpixel's coverage value that causes color imbalance. Web pages can be displayed with scaled-down and subpixel optimized images. A given layout of a Web page can be displayed at each of at least two different selected scale factors, with the font bitmaps used to represent characters in the display at each scale factor having their shape and pixel alignment selected to improve readability for the particular pixel size at which they are displayed at each such scale factor.
摘要翻译：可以通过针对显示器的子像素的每一个产生表示由所表示的形状覆盖的区域的百分比的覆盖值，并且通过分布来防止颜色不平衡，可以对诸如字体的形状的位图进行子像素优化给定子像素的覆盖值作为不同颜色的附近子像素，作为引起颜色不平衡的给定子像素的覆盖值的百分比的函数。网页可以显示缩小和子像素优化的图像。网页的给定布局可以显示在至少两个不同的所选缩放因子中的每一个上，其中用于表示每个比例因子的显示中的字符的字体位图具有选择其形状和像素对齐以提高特定像素的可读性它们在每个这样的比例因子上显示的大小。

3. 发明授权

US5583978A Apparatuses and methods for creating and using portable fonted texts with embedded automatically-created font descriptions 失效
标题翻译：用于创建和使用嵌入式自动创建的字体描述的便携式文本的设备和方法
公开(公告)号：US5583978A
公开(公告)日：1996-12-10
申请号：US250372
申请日：1994-05-27
申请人： John S. Collins , Mark H. Goldwater
发明人： John S. Collins , Mark H. Goldwater
IPC分类号： B41J2/485 , G06F17/21 , G06F17/22 , G06T11/20 , G09G5/24 , G06T5/00
CPC分类号： G06F17/22 , G06F17/214 , G06F17/2247 , G06F17/2264 , G06T11/203
摘要： A computerized system inputs fonted text and outputs corresponding fonted text containing new, automatically created, font descriptions. The new font descriptions make the output a portable document which can be rendered at any magnification by a machine of any output resolution, even if that machine does do not have access to the pre-defined font descriptions associated with the original input text. The system creates the portable document by accessing the pre-defined font descriptions of each character-font shape in the input text and generating new font descriptions which describe those shapes in a new font description language. Preferably the system findspoints on the outlines of each character-font shape which are a function of the shape itself, rather than how its pre-defined description describes that shape. The system bases the segmentation of the new font description on such description-independent points. Once created, the portable document can be rendered on the computer or printer generating it or a computer or printer receiving the document over a network or on mass storage media. In some embodiments, the computer viewing the portable document determines whether can access and render the pre-defined font description of each character in the portable document. If so, it does so. If not, it interprets the shape of the character from its new font description in the portable document.
摘要翻译：计算机化系统输入文本并输出包含新的自动创建的字体描述的相应的文本文本。新的字体描述使输出成为便携式文档，即使该机器无法访问与原始输入文本相关联的预先定义的字体说明，也可以通过任何输出分辨率的机器以任何倍率渲染。该系统通过访问输入文本中每个字符字体形状的预定义字体描述并生成描述新字体描述语言中的这些形状的新字体描述来创建便携式文档。优选地，系统在每个字符形状的轮廓上找到点，其是形状本身的函数，而不是它的预定义描述如何描述该形状。该系统基于这种与描述无关的点的新字体描述的分割。一旦创建，便携式文档可以在生成它的计算机或打印机上或通过网络或大容量存储介质上接收文档的计算机或打印机呈现。在一些实施例中，观看便携式文档的计算机确定是否可以访问和呈现便携式文档中每个字符的预定义字体描述。如果是这样，它是这样做的。如果不是，它可以从便携式文档中的新字体描述中解释字符的形状。

4. 发明授权

US4368263A Production of cephalosporins 失效
标题翻译：生产头孢菌素
公开(公告)号：US4368263A
公开(公告)日：1983-01-11
申请号：US33187
申请日：1979-04-25
申请人： Christopher Ball , John S. Collins , Paul F. Hamlyn
发明人： Christopher Ball , John S. Collins , Paul F. Hamlyn
IPC分类号： C12N15/02 , C12N1/14 , C12N15/04 , C12P35/00 , C12P35/06 , C12R1/75
CPC分类号： C12P35/06 , C12N15/04 , Y10S435/911
摘要： An improved strain of Acremonium chrysogenum may be produced by submitting parent strains of Acremonium chrysogenum to protoplast fusion and nuclear fusion and selecting said improved strain from the progeny or from a mutant thereof.The improved strains have operational advantages for the production of cephalosporins compared with the parental strains.The invention also relates to a method of producing a cephalosporin by culturing the improved strain of Acremonium chrysogenum.
摘要翻译：可以通过将原生质球菌融合和核融合的亲本菌株提交产黄原体的改良菌株，并从后代或其突变体中选择所述改良的菌株。与亲本菌株相比，改良的菌株具有用于生产头孢菌素的操作优点。本发明还涉及通过培养产黄芪的改良菌株来生产头孢菌素的方法。

5. 发明授权

US5577177A Apparatus and methods for creating and using portable fonts 失效
公开(公告)号：US5577177A
公开(公告)日：1996-11-19
申请号：US448792
申请日：1995-05-24
申请人： John S. Collins , Mark H. Goldwater
发明人： John S. Collins , Mark H. Goldwater
IPC分类号： B41J2/485 , G06F17/21 , G06F17/22 , G06T11/20 , G09G5/24 , G06T5/00
CPC分类号： G06F17/22 , G06F17/214 , G06F17/2247 , G06F17/2264 , G06T11/203
摘要： A computerized apparatus and methods for character shape recording develops new font descriptions from shapes received from pre-defined descriptions. It does so by modeling each such shape to find features, such as points on its outlines, which are a function of that shape itself, rather than the manner in which the pre-defined description defined that shape. The system bases the segmentation of the new font description on such description-independent points. It finds new line or curve segments to approximate the pre-defined font description between such description-independent points, and it picks the outline order, starting points, and directions of that description according to standard rules. This causes the new font descriptions to be free of non-shape-required aspects of the pre-defined descriptions. It is also preferred that the system find how finely the curve must be subdivided on playback so it can be accurately portrayed with vectors by recursively subdividing the curve into subdivisions, approximating each subdivision by a vector, and recursing on the worst fitted subdivision until the worst fit is acceptable. Preferably the system matches outline shapes for different characters of the same or different fonts, and saves storage space by recording a single description of any shape used in more than one new font description. It is also preferred that the system generate new font descriptions from non-character shapes, such as logos. The invention can be used to create portable documents, by receiving fonted input text, accessing and interpreting the pre-defined font descriptions associated with each character-font shape in the input text, and generating a new font description for that shape. Such a system creates a portable document which includes the sequence of characters in the input text, the new font descriptions for those characters; and an indication of which of new font description represents the shape of each such character.

6. 发明授权

US06853980B1 System for selecting, distributing, and selling fonts 有权
标题翻译：用于选择，分发和销售字体的系统
公开(公告)号：US06853980B1
公开(公告)日：2005-02-08
申请号：US09391291
申请日：1999-09-07
申请人： Charles Ying , John S. Collins
发明人： Charles Ying , John S. Collins
IPC分类号： G06Q30/06 , G06F17/60
CPC分类号： G06Q30/06 , G06Q30/0625 , G06Q30/0641
摘要： A computerized system, such as one practiced with an e-commerce font server, enables a user to select one or more fonts. According to one aspect, a user can select a font from a multi-dimensional font space defined by the attribute values of a plurality of fonts. The system repeatedly 1) enables the user to select a spatial specification defined relative to the currently selected font in the space; 2) determines which fonts, if any, match the spatial specification; 3) displays character-font shapes of those fonts; and 4) makes one of the displayed fonts a new currently selected font relative to which a new spatial specification can be selected. The spatial specification can merely selects fonts which are closest in the attribute space, can select the nearest font in a selected direction, or can provide more complex spatial selection. According to another aspect of the invention, a server makes fonts available to clients over a network. The server uploads from a client an image of one or more shapes belonging to a given font and performs pattern matching to select which fonts stored on the server best match the uploaded font shapes. The server downloads displayable font shapes for each such best matching font so a user can select one or more of them. It uploads information from the client identifying one or more fonts selected for downloading, and then downloads the selected fonts to the client in a form suitable for use by the client's operating system.
摘要翻译：诸如用电子商务字体服务器实现的计算机化系统使得用户能够选择一个或多个字体。根据一个方面，用户可以从由多个字体的属性值定义的多维字体空间中选择字体。系统重复1）使得用户能够选择相对于空间中当前选择的字体定义的空间规范; 2）确定哪些字体（如果有的话）符合空间规格; 3）显示这些字体的字体形状; 和4）使所显示的字体之一成为新的当前选择的字体，相对于此，可以选择新的空间规格。空间规格只能选择在属性空间中最接近的字体，可以在所选方向上选择最近的字体，或者可以提供更复杂的空间选择。根据本发明的另一方面，服务器通过网络使字体可用于客户端。服务器从客户端上传属于给定字体的一种或多种形状的图像，并执行模式匹配以选择存储在服务器上的哪些字体与上传的字体形状最相符。服务器为每个这样最匹配的字体下载可显示的字体，以便用户可以选择一个或多个。它从客户端识别选择下载的一种或多种字体的信息，然后以适合客户端操作系统使用的形式将所选字体下载到客户端。

7. 发明授权

US4785391A Automated bitmap character generation from outlines 失效
标题翻译：从轮廓生成自动位图字符
公开(公告)号：US4785391A
公开(公告)日：1988-11-15
申请号：US827239
申请日：1986-02-07
申请人： Phillip G. Apley , David A. Berlow , John S. Collins
发明人： Phillip G. Apley , David A. Berlow , John S. Collins
IPC分类号： G06K15/00 , G06K15/02 , G09G1/14 , G06F3/14
CPC分类号： G06K15/02 , G09G1/14
摘要： An outline representation of a character or symbol is treated as being composed of a hierarchy of zones formed in both the horizontal and vertical directions. The zones are completely character-specific. Each zone defines the extent of some feature of the character. The boundaries of the zones are mapped to specific pixel locations in a bitmap em-square of selected resolution and size. The available pixels are then allocated to the zones. After each level of zone has received its pixel allocation, the pixels assigned thereto are then distributed among the next lower level of zones and the process is repeated iteratively until all zones have received their pixel allocations or it is no longer possible to make allocations. To maintain relationships between features, features of characters (both within individual characters and between different characters) may be linked so as to be defined in terms of the features of the same or other characters. The features are linked at the outline description level, so that the linking need be specified only once and will thereafter be useful any time a bitmap is to be generated from the outline.
摘要翻译：字符或符号的轮廓表示被视为由在水平和垂直方向上形成的区域的层次结构组成。这些区域完全是字符特定的。每个区域定义字符的某些特征的范围。区域的边界被映射到所选分辨率和大小的位图平方的特定像素位置。然后将可用像素分配给区域。在每个级别的区域已经接收到其像素分配之后，分配给它们的像素然后分布在下一个较低级别的区域中，并且迭代地重复该过程，直到所有区域已经接收到它们的像素分配，或者不再可能进行分配。为了保持特征之间的关系，可以链接字符（在单个字符内和不同字符之间）的特征，以便根据相同或其他字符的特征来定义。功能在轮廓描述级别链接，因此链接只需指定一次，随后在从轮廓生成位图时，将有用。

8. 发明授权

US5781714A Apparatus and methods for creating and using portable fonts 失效
标题翻译：用于创建和使用便携式字体的装置和方法
公开(公告)号：US5781714A
公开(公告)日：1998-07-14
申请号：US527518
申请日：1995-09-12
申请人： John S. Collins , Mark H. Goldwater
发明人： John S. Collins , Mark H. Goldwater
IPC分类号： B41J2/485 , G06F17/21 , G06F17/22 , G06T11/20 , G09G5/24 , G06T11/00
CPC分类号： G06F17/2264 , G06F17/214 , G06F17/22 , G06F17/2247 , G06T11/203
摘要： A computer system includes a requesting computer which asks a responding computer, such as an Internet server, for one or more portions of text. The responding computer reacts by sending the requested text. The requesting computer can either render the requested text without the text's font shapes, or it can ask the responding computer to send descriptions of such shapes, and then render the text using them. Preferably the font descriptions sent are grouped into sets, or portable font resources ("PFR"); each text sent identifies the one or more PFRs needed to define its font shapes; and the requesting computer asks for PFRs identified in texts it receives. The fonts and characters within fonts represented by each PFR vary as a function of its associated text. For each character to be rendered, the requesting computer finds which PFR associated with the character's text describes its shape, and uses that font description to render that shape. The responding computer can install such new font descriptions into its operating system, so character shapes can be rapidly rendered by standard operating system calls. The responding computer can translate a text's pre-defined font description into new font descriptions which depend only on character-font shapes. The responding computer can receive a changed body of text and a corresponding old set of PFRs, and derive a new set of one or more PFRs as a function of which character-font shapes occur in the changed text.
摘要翻译：计算机系统包括请求计算机，该请求计算机对诸如因特网服务器的响应计算机询问文本的一个或多个部分。响应的计算机通过发送所请求的文本作出反应。请求的计算机可以呈现所请求的文本而没有文本的字体形状，或者可以要求响应的计算机发送这种形状的描述，然后使用它们呈现文本。优选地，发送的字体描述被分组为集合或便携式字体资源（“PFR”）; 发送的每个文本标识了定义其字体形状所需的一个或多个PFR; 并且请求的计算机要求在收到的文本中识别的PFR。由每个PFR表示的字体中的字体和字符作为其相关文本的函数而变化。对于要呈现的每个字符，请求计算机发现与字符的文本相关联的哪个PFR描述其形状，并使用该字体描述来呈现该形状。响应的计算机可以将这样的新字体描述安装到其操作系统中，因此可以通过标准操作系统调用快速呈现字符形状。响应的计算机可以将文本的预定义字体描述转换为仅依赖于字符字体形状的新字体描述。响应的计算机可以接收更改的文本体和相应的旧的PFR集合，并且导出一组一个或多个PFR作为在改变的文本中出现的字符形状的函数。

9. 发明授权

US5099435A Method and apparatus for conversion of outline characters to bitmap characters 失效
标题翻译：用于将字符转换为比特字符的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US5099435A
公开(公告)日：1992-03-24
申请号：US331494
申请日：1989-03-31
申请人： John S. Collins , Michael Yudis , Philip G. Apley
发明人： John S. Collins , Michael Yudis , Philip G. Apley
IPC分类号： B41J2/485 , B41J5/44 , G09G1/14 , G09G5/00 , G09G5/26 , G09G5/36
CPC分类号： G09G1/14 , G06T11/203
摘要： An outline representation of a character or symbol is treated as being composed of a set of zones formed in both the horizontal and vertical directions. The zones are completely character-specific. Each zone defines the extent of some feature of the character. The boundaries of the zones are mapped to specific pixel locations in a bitmap em-square of selected resolution and size. Additional interpolation zones are defined which are used to map all the points on the outline representation of the character that are contained within the interpolation zone, but do not coincide with a control edge, from the positions in the high-resolution em-square to a corresponding position in the low-resolution em-square. To maintain relationships between features, constraint functions may be defined which regulate the size of the control zones for a character at predetermined sizes. Control zones and interpolation zones are all derivatively linked to a basic set of horizontal and vertical control edges at the outline description level. Consequently, the number of computations needed is reduced and the speed with which a bitmap can be generated from the outline representation is increased.
摘要翻译：字符或符号的轮廓表示被视为由在水平和垂直方向上形成的一组区域组成。这些区域完全是字符特定的。每个区域定义字符的某些特征的范围。区域的边界被映射到所选分辨率和大小的位图平方的特定像素位置。定义附加的插值区域，其用于将包含在插值区域内的字符的轮廓表示上的所有点映射到与控制边缘不一致的高分辨率正方形到相应的位置在低分辨率的正方形。为了保持特征之间的关系，可以定义约束函数，其调节预定大小的字符的控制区的大小。控制区域和插补区域在轮廓描述级别都与导航链接到一组基本的水平和垂直控制边缘。因此，所需的计算次数减少，并且从轮廓表示可以生成位图的速度增加。

10. 发明授权

US4959801A Outline-to-bitmap character generator 失效
标题翻译：大写到位图字符生成器
公开(公告)号：US4959801A
公开(公告)日：1990-09-25
申请号：US257636
申请日：1988-10-14
申请人： Philip G. Apley , David A. Berlow , John S. Collins
发明人： Philip G. Apley , David A. Berlow , John S. Collins
IPC分类号： G06K15/00 , G06K15/02 , G09G1/14
CPC分类号： G09G1/14 , G06K15/02 , G06T11/203
摘要： A system and data structure for generating bitmap representations of characters and symbols from their outline representations. The outline representation is treated as being composed of a hierarchy of zones formed in both the horizontal and vertical directions. The zones are completely character-specific. Each zone defines the extent of some feature of the character. The zonal definition of the character comprises part of the information in the data structure. In generating the bitmap, the boundaries of the zones are mapped to specific pixel locations in a bitmap em-square of selected resolution and size. The available pixels are then allocated to the zones. After each level of zone has received its pixel allocation, the pixels assigned thereto are then distributed among the next lower level of zones and the process is repeated iteratively until all zones have received their pixel allocations or it is no longer possible to make allocations. To maintain relationships between features, features of characters (both within individual characters and between different characters) may be linked in the data structure so as to be defined in terms of the features of the same or other characters. The features are linked at the outline description level, so that the linking need be specified only once and will thereafter be useful any time a bitmap is to be generated from the outline.
摘要翻译：用于从其轮廓表示生成字符和符号的位图表示的系统和数据结构。轮廓表示被视为由在水平和垂直方向上形成的区域的层次组成。这些区域完全是字符特定的。每个区域定义字符的某些特征的范围。字符的区域定义包括数据结构中的信息的一部分。在生成位图时，将区域的边界映射到所选分辨率和大小的位图平方的特定像素位置。然后将可用像素分配给区域。在每个级别的区域已经接收到其像素分配之后，分配给它们的像素然后分布在下一个较低级别的区域中，并且迭代地重复该过程，直到所有区域已经接收到它们的像素分配，或者不再可能进行分配。为了维护特征之间的关系，可以在数据结构中链接字符的特征（在单个字符内和不同字符之间），以便根据相同或其他字符的特征来定义。功能在轮廓描述级别链接，因此链接只需指定一次，随后在从轮廓生成位图时，将有用。

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