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1. 发明授权

US07534576B2 Method and a device for the evaluation of biopolymer fitness 失效
标题翻译：用于评估生物聚合物适应性的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US07534576B2
公开(公告)日：2009-05-19
申请号：US11730931
申请日：2007-04-04
申请人： Rudolf Rigler , Manfred Eigen , Karsten Henco , Ulo Mets , Jerker Widengren , Michael Stuke , Michael Brinkmeyer , Wolfgang Simm , Olaf Lehman
发明人： Rudolf Rigler , Manfred Eigen , Karsten Henco , Ulo Mets , Jerker Widengren , Michael Stuke , Michael Brinkmeyer , Wolfgang Simm , Olaf Lehman
IPC分类号： G01N33/569
CPC分类号： G01N21/6452 , C12Q1/04 , C12Q1/6827 , G01N21/64 , G01N21/6402 , G01N21/6408 , G01N21/6428 , G01N21/6458 , G02B21/24 , Y10S435/808 , Y10S436/805 , Y10T436/11 , C12Q2565/107 , C12Q2561/113 , C12Q2535/131
摘要： A Method for identifying one or a small number of molecules, especially in a dilution of ≦1 μM, using laser excited FCS with measuring times ≦500 ms and short diffusion paths of the molecules to be analyzed, wherein the measurement is performed in small volume units of preferably ≦10−14 l, by determining material-specific parameters which are determined by luminescence measurements of molecules to be examined.The device which can be preferably used for performing the method according to the invention is a per se known system of microscope optics for laser focusing for fluorescence excitation in a small measuring compartment of a very diluted solution and for imaging the emitted light in the subsequent measurement through confocal imaging wherein at least one system of optics with high numerical aperture of preferably ≧1.2 N.A. is employed, the light quantity is limited by a confocally arranged pinhole aperture in the object plane behind the microscope objective, and the measuring compartment is positioned at a distance of between 0 and 1000 μm from the observation objective.
摘要翻译：使用测量时间<= 500ms的激光激发FCS和要分析的分子的短扩散路径来识别一个或少数分子，特别是稀释度为<=1μM的分子的方法，其中测量在通过确定由待分析的分子的发光测量确定的材料特异性参数，优选<=10-14μl的小体积单位。可以优选用于执行根据本发明的方法的装置是本身已知的用于在非常稀释的溶液的小测量室中进行荧光激发的激光聚焦的显微镜光学系统，并且用于在后续测量中对发射的光进行成像通过共焦成像，其中使用具有优选> = 1.2NA的高数值孔径的至少一个光学系统，光量受到在显微镜物镜后面的物平面中的共同排列的针孔的限制，并且测量室位于与观察目标之间的距离为0至1000μm。

2. 发明授权

US07241569B2 Method and a device for the evaluation of biopolymer fitness 有权
标题翻译：用于评估生物聚合物适应性的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US07241569B2
公开(公告)日：2007-07-10
申请号：US10435674
申请日：2003-05-12
申请人： Rudolf Rigler , Manfred Eigen , Karsten Henco , Ulo Mets , Jerker Widengren , Michael Stuke , Michael Brinkmeyer , Wolfgang Simm , Olaf Lehman
发明人： Rudolf Rigler , Manfred Eigen , Karsten Henco , Ulo Mets , Jerker Widengren , Michael Stuke , Michael Brinkmeyer , Wolfgang Simm , Olaf Lehman
IPC分类号： G01N33/543
CPC分类号： G01N21/6452 , C12Q1/04 , C12Q1/6827 , G01N21/64 , G01N21/6402 , G01N21/6408 , G01N21/6428 , G01N21/6458 , G02B21/24 , Y10S435/808 , Y10S436/805 , Y10T436/11 , C12Q2565/107 , C12Q2561/113 , C12Q2535/131
摘要： A Method for identifying one or a small number of molecules, especially in a dilution of ≦1 μM, using laser excited FCS with measuring times ≦500 ms and short diffusion paths of the molecules to be analyzed, wherein the measurement is performed in small volume units of preferably ≦10−14 l, by determining material-specific parameters which are determined by luminescence measurements of molecules to be examined.The device which can be preferably used for performing the method according to the invention is a per se known system of microscope optics for laser focusing for fluorescence excitation in a small measuring compartment of a very diluted solution and for imaging the emitted light in the subsequent measurement through confocal imaging wherein at least one system of optics with high numerical aperture of preferably ≧1.2 N.A. is employed, the light quantity is limited by a confocally arranged pinhole aperture in the object plane behind the microscope objective, and the measuring compartment is positioned at a distance of between 0 and 1000 μm from the observation objective.
摘要翻译：使用测量时间<= 500ms的激光激发FCS和要分析的分子的短扩散路径来识别一个或少数分子，特别是稀释度为<=1μM的分子的方法，其中测量在通过确定通过待检测分子的发光测量确定的材料特异性参数，优选<= 10 -14 / 1的小体积单位。可以优选用于执行根据本发明的方法的装置是本身已知的用于在非常稀释的溶液的小测量室中进行荧光激发的激光聚焦的显微镜光学系统，并且用于在后续测量中对发射的光进行成像通过共焦成像，其中使用具有优选> = 1.2NA的高数值孔径的至少一个光学系统，光量受到在显微镜物镜后面的物平面中的共同排列的针孔的限制，并且测量室位于与观察目标之间的距离为0至1000μm。

3. 发明申请

US20070243525A1 Method and a device for the evaluation of biopolymer fitness 失效
公开(公告)号：US20070243525A1
公开(公告)日：2007-10-18
申请号：US11730931
申请日：2007-04-04
申请人： Rudolf Rigler , Manfred Eigen , Karsten Henco , Ulo Mets , Jerker Widengren , Michael Stuke , Michael Brinkmeyer , Wolfgang Simm , Olaf Lehmann
发明人： Rudolf Rigler , Manfred Eigen , Karsten Henco , Ulo Mets , Jerker Widengren , Michael Stuke , Michael Brinkmeyer , Wolfgang Simm , Olaf Lehmann
IPC分类号： C12Q1/02 , C12Q1/70 , G01J3/30
CPC分类号： G01N21/6452 , C12Q1/04 , C12Q1/6827 , G01N21/64 , G01N21/6402 , G01N21/6408 , G01N21/6428 , G01N21/6458 , G02B21/24 , Y10S435/808 , Y10S436/805 , Y10T436/11 , C12Q2565/107 , C12Q2561/113 , C12Q2535/131
摘要： A Method for identifying one or a small number of molecules, especially in a dilution of ≦1 μM, using laser excited FCS with measuring times ≦500 ms and short diffusion paths of the molecules to be analyzed, wherein the measurement is performed in small volume units of preferably ≦10−14 l, by determining material-specific parameters which are determined by luminescence measurements of molecules to be examined. The device which can be preferably used for performing the method according to the invention is a per se known system of microscope optics for laser focusing for fluorescence excitation in a small measuring compartment of a very diluted solution and for imaging the emitted light in the subsequent measurement through confocal imaging wherein at least one system of optics with high numerical aperture of preferably ≧1.2 N.A. is employed, the light quantity is limited by a confocally arranged pinhole aperture in the object plane behind the microscope objective, and the measuring compartment is positioned at a distance of between 0 and 1000 μm from the observation objective.

4. 发明授权

US06582903B1 Method and a device for the evaluation of biopolymer fitness 失效
标题翻译：用于评估生物聚合物适应性的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US06582903B1
公开(公告)日：2003-06-24
申请号：US09021410
申请日：1998-02-10
申请人： Rudolf Rigler , Manfred Eigen , Karsten Henco , Ulo Mets , Jerker Widengren , Michael Stuke , Michael Brinkmeyer , Wolfgang Simm , Olaf Lehmann
发明人： Rudolf Rigler , Manfred Eigen , Karsten Henco , Ulo Mets , Jerker Widengren , Michael Stuke , Michael Brinkmeyer , Wolfgang Simm , Olaf Lehmann
IPC分类号： G01N33543
CPC分类号： G01N21/6402 , G01N21/6428 , G01N21/6458 , G01N2021/6417 , Y10S435/808 , Y10S436/805 , Y10T436/11
摘要： A method for identifying one or a small number of molecules, especially in a dilution of ≦1 &mgr;M, using laser excited FCS with measuring times ≦500 ms and short diffusion paths of the molecules to be analyzed, wherein the measurement is performed in small volume units of preferably ≦10−14 l, by determining material-specific parameters which are determined by luminescence measurements of molecules to be examined.
摘要翻译：使用测量时间<= 500ms的激光激发FCS和要分析的分子的短扩散路径来识别一个或少数分子，特别是稀释度为<=1μM的分子的方法，其中测量在通过确定由待分析的分子的发光测量确定的材料特异性参数，优选<=10-14μl的小体积单位。

5. 发明授权

US4900581A Method for producing metal films 失效
标题翻译：金属膜的制造方法
公开(公告)号：US4900581A
公开(公告)日：1990-02-13
申请号：US233241
申请日：1988-08-17
申请人： Michael Stuke , Hilmar Esrom , Georg Wahl
发明人： Michael Stuke , Hilmar Esrom , Georg Wahl
IPC分类号： C23C18/30 , C23C18/14 , H05K3/10
CPC分类号： H05K3/105 , C23C18/14
摘要： A method for producing full-surface or partial metal films on a substrate includes placing a coating on a substrate. The coating is irradiated sheetwise with a laser to form the metal films.
摘要翻译：在基板上制造全表面或部分金属膜的方法包括将涂层放置在基板上。用激光辐射涂层以形成金属膜。

6. 发明授权

US5243589A Method for recording information in an optically readable data memory 失效
标题翻译：用于在光学可读数据存储器中记录信息的方法
公开(公告)号：US5243589A
公开(公告)日：1993-09-07
申请号：US893643
申请日：1992-06-05
申请人： Michael Stuke , Horst-Christian Langowski , Tobias Damm , Stefan Preuss
发明人： Michael Stuke , Horst-Christian Langowski , Tobias Damm , Stefan Preuss
IPC分类号： G03C1/72 , G11B7/0045 , G11B7/26
CPC分类号： G11B7/26 , G11B7/00451
摘要： In a method for recording information in an optical data memory by surfaceexturing, a substrate surface is first pre-treated or sensitized by selective irradiation at relatively low fluence. For selectivity of irradiation, a mask, a holographic imaging process, or direct writing may be used. In a second step, the sensitized regions are ablated from the surface by means of spatially non-selective irradiation at a different wavelength and at relatively high fluence.
摘要翻译：在通过表面纹理在光学数据存储器中记录信息的方法中，首先通过以较低能量密度的选择性照射来预处理或致敏基底表面。对于照射的选择性，可以使用掩模，全息成像处理或直接写入。在第二步骤中，通过在不同波长和相对较高的注量处的空间非选择性照射，使感光区域从表面烧蚀。

7. 发明授权

US5705235A Process and device for production of three-dimensional structures through optically stimulated precipitation of a material from a fluidic compound 失效
标题翻译：用于通过从流体化合物的材料的光学刺激沉淀来生产三维结构的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US5705235A
公开(公告)日：1998-01-06
申请号：US648067
申请日：1996-09-20
申请人： Olaf Lehmann , Michael Stuke
发明人： Olaf Lehmann , Michael Stuke
IPC分类号： C23C16/00 , C23C16/01 , C23C16/04 , C23C16/40 , C23C16/44 , C23C16/48 , C23C8/00
CPC分类号： C23C16/047 , C23C16/01
摘要： For the manufacturing using an LCVD process of a rod-shaped, three-dimensional structure extending into three dimensions, two laser beams (12, 13) are focused on a common focal point (12a) in a gaseous or liquid medium containing a compound which produces the structure material when decompounded by the laser beams. In this way, structures which extend three-dimensionally may also be made from minimally absorbent materials which are essentially transparent. This additionally allows for good control of the direction of the growth of the structure.
摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / EP94 / 03821 Sec。 371日期：1996年9月20日 102（e）1996年9月20日PCT 1994年11月18日PCT PCT。公开号WO95 / 14115 PCT 日期1995年5月26日对于使用延伸到三维的棒状三维结构的LCVD工艺的制造，将两个激光束（12,13）聚焦在气体或液体介质中的公共焦点（12a）上含有当由激光束分解时产生结构材料的化合物。以这种方式，三维延伸的结构也可以由基本透明的最小吸收材料制成。这另外允许良好地控制结构的生长方向。

8. 发明授权

US4686366A Laser mass spectrometer 失效
标题翻译：激光质谱仪
公开(公告)号：US4686366A
公开(公告)日：1987-08-11
申请号：US800546
申请日：1985-11-21
申请人： Michael Stuke
发明人： Michael Stuke
IPC分类号： G01N21/64 , H01J49/40 , B01D59/44
CPC分类号： H01J49/24 , G01N21/6402 , H01J49/40
摘要： A laser mass spectrometer comprises an electrode system and an ion detector system supported on a mounting flange. The electrode system defines an ionization space, an ion acceleration space and a time-of-flight or separation path. At least some of the electrode of the electrode system are removably mounted on support rods extending an axial or ion path direction, to allow accomodation of the distance between the ionization space and the mounting flange to the configuration of an apparatus or vacuum system with which the mass spectrometer is used. Thus, the distance between the mounting flange and the ionization space may be varied by using separation path of different length. The ionization is effected by laser radiation, which may be coupled in through a window in the mounting flange. To derive additional information about a substance under investigation, means may be provided for coupling out radiation emitted by the ionized substance in the ionization space, and the laser may provide radiation pulses having a length in the order of picoseconds, as 10 ps and less, to avoid fragmentation of larger molecules which would prevent detection of the "parent ion".
摘要翻译：激光质谱仪包括电极系统和支撑在安装凸缘上的离子检测器系统。电极系统限定电离空间，离子加速空间和飞行时间或分离路径。电极系统的至少一些电极可移除地安装在延伸轴向或离子路径方向的支撑杆上，以允许电离空间和安装凸缘之间的距离适应于设备或真空系统的构造，使用质谱仪。因此，可以通过使用不同长度的分离路径来改变安装凸缘与电离空间之间的距离。电离由激光辐射实现，其可通过安装法兰中的窗口联接。为了获得关于正在研究的物质的附加信息，可以提供用于耦合在离子化空间中由电离物质发射的辐射的手段，并且激光器可以提供长度为皮秒的10ps以下的辐射脉冲，以避免大分子的分裂，这将阻止“母离子”的检测。

9. 发明授权

US09171613B2 Memristors with asymmetric electrodes 有权
标题翻译：带不对称电极的忆阻器
公开(公告)号：US09171613B2
公开(公告)日：2015-10-27
申请号：US13322291
申请日：2009-07-28
申请人： Alexandre M. Bratkovski , Jianhua Yang , Shih-Yuan Wang , Michael Stuke
发明人： Alexandre M. Bratkovski , Jianhua Yang , Shih-Yuan Wang , Michael Stuke
IPC分类号： H01L29/04 , H01L47/00 , G11C13/00 , G11C16/02 , H01L45/00 , H01L27/24
CPC分类号： H01L45/1273 , G11C13/0007 , G11C16/02 , G11C2213/19 , G11C2213/52 , H01L27/2463 , H01L27/2472 , H01L45/08 , H01L45/1233 , H01L45/1246 , H01L45/146 , H01L45/147 , H01L45/148
摘要： Embodiments of the present invention are directed to nanoscale memristor devices that provide nonvolatile memristive switching. In one embodiment, a memristor device includes an active region, a first electrode disposed on a first surface of the active region, and a second electrode disposed on a second surface of the active region, the second surface opposite the first surface. The first electrode is configured with a smaller width than the active region in a first direction, and the second electrode is configured with a larger width than the active region in a second direction. Application of a voltage to at least one of the electrodes produces an electric field across a sub-region within the active region between the first electrode and the second electrode.
摘要翻译：本发明的实施例涉及提供非易失性忆阻转换的纳米级忆阻器装置。在一个实施例中，忆阻器件包括有源区域，设置在有源区域的第一表面上的第一电极和设置在有源区域的第二表面上的第二电极，第二表面与第一表面相对。第一电极被配置为在第一方向上具有比有源区域更小的宽度，并且第二电极被配置为在第二方向上具有比有源区域更大的宽度。向至少一个电极施加电压产生穿过第一电极和第二电极之间的有源区域内的子区域的电场。

10. 发明授权

US08283649B2 Memristor with a non-planar substrate 有权
标题翻译：带非平面基片的忆阻器
公开(公告)号：US08283649B2
公开(公告)日：2012-10-09
申请号：US12510753
申请日：2009-07-28
申请人： Alexandre M. Bratkovski , Shih Yuan Wang , Jianhua Yang , Michael Stuke
发明人： Alexandre M. Bratkovski , Shih Yuan Wang , Jianhua Yang , Michael Stuke
IPC分类号： H01L29/04
CPC分类号： G11C13/0009 , G11C17/16 , G11C17/165 , G11C2213/77 , G11C2213/81 , H01L27/2463 , H01L45/04 , H01L45/1233 , H01L45/1273 , H01L45/146
摘要： A memristor includes a substrate having a plurality of protrusions, wherein each of the plurality of protrusions extends in a first direction, a first electrode provided over at least one of the plurality of protrusions, wherein the first electrode conforms to the shape of the at least one protrusion such that the first electrode has a crest, a switching material positioned upon the first electrode; and a second electrode positioned upon the switching material such that a portion of the second electrode is substantially in line with the crest of the first electrode along the first direction, wherein an active region in the switching material is operable to be formed between the crest of the first electrode and the portion of the second electrode that is substantially in line with the crest of the first electrode.
摘要翻译：忆阻器包括具有多个突起的基板，其中多个突起中的每一个在第一方向上延伸，第一电极设置在多个突起中的至少一个上，其中第一电极符合至少的形状一个突起，使得第一电极具有峰顶，开关材料定位在第一电极上; 以及位于所述开关材料上的第二电极，使得所述第二电极的一部分沿着所述第一方向与所述第一电极的峰基本上一致，其中所述开关材料中的有源区可操作地形成在所述第一电极的顶部之间，所述第一电极和所述第二电极的与所述第一电极的峰基本上一致的部分。

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