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1. 发明授权

US4820859A Process for the production of high energy material 失效
标题翻译：高能材料生产工艺
公开(公告)号：US4820859A
公开(公告)日：1989-04-11
申请号：US794340
申请日：1985-11-05
申请人： Ross W. Millar , Norman C. Paul , David H. Richards
发明人： Ross W. Millar , Norman C. Paul , David H. Richards
IPC分类号： C07C201/02 , C07C203/04 , C08C19/40 , C07C77/02
CPC分类号： C08C19/40 , C07C201/02 , C07C243/02
摘要： A process for the production of a high energy material involves reacting, in an inert organic solvent, a heterocyclic compound selected from oxirane, aziridine, oxetane or azetidine with a nitrogen oxide selected from dinitrogen tetroxide (N.sub.2 O.sub.4) and dinitrogen pentoxide (N.sub.2 O.sub.5) and, when the nitrogen oxide is N.sub.2 O.sub.4, oxidizing the O- or N- nitroso substituent or substituents in the product obtained to O- or N- nitro substituent or substituents. The heterocyclic compounds may be substituents or unsubstituted. In the former case the preferred substituents groups are halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, nitro and epoxy (as in epoxidized polybutadiene). The solvent is preferably a chlorinated alkane.Novel nitrated derivatives of polybutadiene, in which between 1% and 25% of the carbon atoms in the polymer are substituted by nitrate (ONO.sub.2), are also provided. These novel materials are liquid rubbers when the polybutadiene starting material has a molecular weight between 2000 and 10000.
摘要翻译：用于生产高能材料的方法包括在惰性有机溶剂中使选自环氧乙烷，氮丙啶，氧杂环丁烷或氮杂环丁烷的杂环化合物与选自四氧化二氮（N 2 O 4）和五氧化二氮（N 2 O 5）的氮氧化物反应，当氮氧化物是N 2 O 4时，将获得的产物中的O-或N-亚硝基取代基或取代基氧化成O-或N-硝基取代基。杂环化合物可以是取代基或未取代的。在前一种情况下，优选的取代基是卤素，烷基，烯基，硝基和环氧基（如在环氧化的聚丁二烯中）。溶剂优选为氯化烷烃。还提供了聚合物中1％至25％的碳原子被硝酸（ONO 2）取代的聚丁二烯的新型硝化衍生物。当聚丁二烯起始材料的分子量在2000和10000之间时，这些新型材料是液体橡胶。

2. 发明授权

US4985584A Process for the production of high energy materials 失效
标题翻译：高能材料生产工艺
公开(公告)号：US4985584A
公开(公告)日：1991-01-15
申请号：US923054
申请日：1986-10-27
申请人： Ross W. Millar , Norman C. Paul , David H. Richards
发明人： Ross W. Millar , Norman C. Paul , David H. Richards
IPC分类号： C06B25/00 , C07C201/02 , C07C203/04 , C07C203/06 , C07C203/08 , C07D251/66 , C07F9/6593 , C08C19/40
CPC分类号： C07D251/66 , C06B25/00 , C07C201/02 , C07C243/02 , C07C253/30 , C07C269/06 , C07C273/1854 , C07C277/00 , C07F9/65815 , C08C19/40
摘要： A process for the production of a high energy nitrate ester involves reacting, in an inert organic solvent, a heterocyclic compound, selected from oxiranes, oxetanes, N-substituted aziridines and N-substituted azetidines, with either N.sub.2 O.sub.4 or N.sub.2 O.sub.5, and when the compound is reacted with N.sub.2 O.sub.4, oxidizing the O- or N-nitrate substituents or substituent in the product to O- or N-nitrate substituent or substituents. The remaining ring carbon atoms on the heterocyclic compound may be substituted or unsubstituted. Preferred substituent groups for the C and/or N ring atoms on the compound include alkyl, cyanoalkyl, haloalkyl, nitroalkyl, and substituted aryl.Several novel nitrate ester are also provided, including nitrated derivatives of polybutadiene, in which between 1% and 25% of the carbon atoms in the polymer are substituted by vicinal nitrate ester (--ONO.sub.2) groups.
摘要翻译：制备高能硝酸酯的方法包括在惰性有机溶剂中使选自环氧乙烷，氧杂环丁烷，N-取代的氮丙啶和N-取代的氮杂环丁烷与杂环化合物与N 2 O 4或N 2 O 5反应，当化合物与N2O4反应，将产物中的O-或N-硝酸盐取代基或取代基氧化成O-或N-硝酸盐取代基。杂环化合物上的剩余环碳原子可以是取代或未取代的。化合物上C和/或N环原子的优选取代基包括烷基，氰基烷基，卤代烷基，硝基烷基和取代的芳基。还提供了几种新的硝酸酯，包括聚丁二烯的硝化衍生物，其中聚合物中1％至25％的碳原子被连位硝酸酯（-ONO 2）基团取代。

3. 发明授权

US5145974A Preparation of nitratoalkyl-substituted cyclic esters 失效
标题翻译：硝基取代的环状酯的制备
公开(公告)号：US5145974A
公开(公告)日：1992-09-08
申请号：US669405
申请日：1991-03-22
申请人： Norman C. Paul , Ross W. Millar , Peter Golding
发明人： Norman C. Paul , Ross W. Millar , Peter Golding
IPC分类号： C07D303/16 , C07D305/06
CPC分类号： C07D305/06 , C07D303/16
摘要： A continuous process for producing nitratoalkyl-substituted cyclic ethers which consists of (a) cocurrently mixing a stream of N.sub.2 O.sub.5 and a stream of a hydroxyalkyl-substituted cyclic ether each dissolved in an inert organic solvent, followed by (b) rapidly separating the nitric acid and nitratoalkyl coproducts before they can react together to rupture the ether ring. Step (b) is conveniently performed by quenching the product stream within approximately 15 seconds of its formation, in a basic aqueous solution into which the nitric acid is transferred from the organic phase and is neutralized. Examples of products which may be prepared by this process are nitratoalkyl-substituted oxiranes and oxetanes.
摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / GB89 / 00812 Sec。 371日期1991年3月22日 102（e）1991年3月22日PCT申请1989年7月14日PCT公布。出版物WO90 / 0102800 日本1990年2月8日。一种制备硝基烷基取代的环醚的连续方法，其包括（a）并流地混合N 2 O 5流和各自溶解在惰性有机溶剂中的羟烷基取代的环醚，然后（ b）在硝酸和硝基烷基副产物可以一起反应以破坏醚环之前快速分离。方便地在步骤（b）中，在生成物的大约15秒钟内，在从有机相中转移硝酸并中和的碱性水溶液中骤冷产物流。可以通过该方法制备的产物的实例是硝基烷基取代的环氧乙烷和氧杂环丁烷。

4. 发明授权

US5136062A Preparation of epoxy nitrates 失效
标题翻译：环氧树脂的制备
公开(公告)号：US5136062A
公开(公告)日：1992-08-04
申请号：US669406
申请日：1991-03-22
申请人： Ross W. Millar , Norman C. Paul , Peter Golding
发明人： Ross W. Millar , Norman C. Paul , Peter Golding
IPC分类号： C07D303/16 , C07D305/06
CPC分类号： C07D303/16 , C07D305/06
摘要： A method of preparing a nitrate ester of an epoxy alcohol, which consists of reacting an epoxy alcohol with N.sub.2 O.sub.5 in an inert solvent at a temperature of -10.degree. C. to -40.degree. C., followed by quenching the reaction mixture in aqueous solution. Quenching separates the nitric acid and nitrate ester coproducts into aqueous and organic phases respectively to prevent subsequent reaction between the two. Reaction between the nitric acid coproduct and epoxy alcohol reagent to produce acyclic contaminants is supressed by adding the epoxy alcohol to excess N.sub.2 O.sub.5, thereby rapidly converting available alcohol to nitrate ester.
摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / GB89 / 00813 Sec。 371日期1991年3月22日 102（e）1991年3月22日PCT申请1989年7月14日PCT公布。第WO90 / 01029号公报日本：1990年2月8日。一种制备环氧醇的硝酸酯的方法，该方法由环氧醇与N2O5在惰性溶剂中在-10℃至-40℃的温度下反应，在水溶液中淬灭反应混合物。淬火将硝酸和硝酸酯副产物分别分离成水相和有机相，以防止二者之间的后续反应。通过将环氧醇加入到过量的N2O5中，硝酸副产物与环氧醇试剂之间产生无环杂质的反应被抑制，从而将可用的醇快速转化成硝酸酯。

5. 发明授权

US4362868A Plasticized cellulose polymers 失效
标题翻译：增塑纤维素聚合物
公开(公告)号：US4362868A
公开(公告)日：1982-12-07
申请号：US188663
申请日：1980-09-19
申请人： Michael Burnup , Gerard F. Hayes , Norman C. Paul
发明人： Michael Burnup , Gerard F. Hayes , Norman C. Paul
IPC分类号： C08B13/00 , F02K9/34 , C08G18/10
CPC分类号： F02K9/346 , C08B13/00
摘要： Plasticized cellulose polymers comprise a base polymer having a chain of .beta.-anhydroglucose units joined by ether linkages and having ether substituents, with at least one of the units being additionally substituted, by esterification of at least one hydroxyl group, by at least one ester group, which contains at least two carbon atoms and is chemically unreactive.Preferably the ester group contains four or more, most preferably five, carbon atoms. The carbon chains of the ester groups may be straight or branched.These internally plasticized celluloses may be prepared by, for example, reacting the base polymer with a carboxylic acid in xylene or with an acid chloride or anhydride in pyridine. They are useful in particular as inhibitor coatings for rocket motor propellants and in general wherever cellulose polymers are employed.
摘要翻译：增塑纤维素聚合物包含具有通过醚键连接并具有醚取代基的β-葡萄糖单元链的基础聚合物，其中至少一个单元通过至少一个羟基的酯化被至少一个酯基团，其含有至少两个碳原子并且是化学上不反应的。酯基优选含有四个或更多个，最优选五个碳原子。酯基的碳链可以是直链或支链的。这些内部增塑的纤维素可以通过例如使基础聚合物与羧酸在二甲苯中或与酰基氯或酸酐在吡啶中反应来制备。它们特别用作火箭发动机推进剂的抑制剂涂层，并且通常在使用纤维素聚合物的地方。

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