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1. 发明授权

US06538748B1 Tunable Fabry-Perot filters and lasers utilizing feedback to reduce frequency noise 失效
标题翻译：可调谐的法布里 - 珀罗滤波器和激光器利用反馈来降低频率噪声
公开(公告)号：US06538748B1
公开(公告)日：2003-03-25
申请号：US09550548
申请日：2000-04-14
申请人： Rodney S. Tucker , Wayne V. Sorin , Douglas M. Baney
发明人： Rodney S. Tucker , Wayne V. Sorin , Douglas M. Baney
IPC分类号： G01B902
CPC分类号： G02B26/02 , G01J3/26 , G02B26/001 , H01S5/041 , H01S5/0614 , H01S5/06817 , H01S5/0687 , H01S5/18366
摘要： A tunable optical cavity constructed from a fixed mirror and a movable mirror is disclosed. A circuit applies an electrical potential between first and second electrically conducting surfaces thereby adjusting the distance between the fixed and movable mirrors. The fixed mirror and the moveable mirror are positioned such that the mirrors form the opposite ends of the optical cavity. The distance between the fixed mirror and the moveable mirror is a function of the applied electrical potential. The thermally induced vibrations are reduced by utilizing an electrical feedback circuit that measures the distance between the mirrors. The feedback circuit dynamically changes the potential between the substrate and the support member so as to reduce fluctuations in the cavity resonance frequency.
摘要翻译：公开了一种由固定镜和可移动镜构成的可调光学腔。电路在第一和第二导电表面之间施加电势，从而调节固定镜和可移动镜之间的距离。固定镜和可动镜被定位成使得镜形成光腔的相对端。固定镜与可动镜之间的距离是施加电位的函数。通过利用测量反射镜之间的距离的电反馈电路来减少热诱导的振动。反馈电路动态地改变衬底和支撑构件之间的电位，以便减小空腔谐振频率的波动。

2. 发明授权

US06724785B1 Tunable fabry-perot filters and lasers with reduced frequency noise 失效
标题翻译：可调谐的fabry-perot滤波器和具有降低的频率噪声的激光器
公开(公告)号：US06724785B1
公开(公告)日：2004-04-20
申请号：US09549267
申请日：2000-04-14
申请人： Rodney S. Tucker , Wayne V. Sorin , Douglas M. Baney , Curt A. Flory
发明人： Rodney S. Tucker , Wayne V. Sorin , Douglas M. Baney , Curt A. Flory
IPC分类号： H01S310
CPC分类号： G02B26/001 , G01J3/26 , H01S3/08059 , H01S3/105 , H01S5/18366 , H01S5/18388
摘要： A tunable optical cavity constructed from a fixed mirror and a movable mirror. The fixed mirror is attached to a substrate having a first electrically conducting surface. A support member having the moveable mirror supported thereon and having a second electrically conducting surface, is suspended above the substrate. A circuit applies an electrical potential between the first and second electrically conducting surfaces thereby adjusting the distance between the fixed and movable mirrors. The fixed mirror and the moveable mirror are positioned such that the mirrors form the opposite ends of the optical cavity. The distance between the fixed mirror and the moveable mirror is a function of the applied electrical potential. The support member has physical dimensions that are chosen such that the amplitude of thermally induced vibrations in the support member are less than 0.01 percent of the wavelength of the resonating light. The support member is preferably a thin film membrane having the moveable mirror attached thereto and having openings communicating between the top and bottom surfaces of the membrane. The openings are located so as to reduce the vibration amplitude of the moveable mirror at any mechanical resonances of the membrane. The openings occupy less than 90% of the surface area of the membrane.
摘要翻译：由固定镜和可移动镜构成的可调光学腔。固定镜附着到具有第一导电表面的基片上。具有支撑在其上并具有第二导电表面的可移动反射镜的支撑构件悬挂在基板上。电路在第一和第二导电表面之间施加电位，从而调节固定镜和可移动镜之间的距离。固定镜和可动镜被定位成使得镜形成光腔的相对端。固定镜与可动镜之间的距离是施加电位的函数。支撑构件具有被选择为使得支撑构件中的热诱导振动的振幅小于谐振光的波长的0.01％的物理尺寸。支撑构件优选是具有附接到其上并具有在膜的顶表面和底表面之间连通的开口的薄膜膜。这些开口被定位成在膜的任何机械谐振下减小可移动反射镜的振动幅度。开口占薄膜表面积的90％以下。

3. 发明授权

US07027743B1 System and method for optical heterodyne detection of an optical signal including optical pre-selection that is adjusted to accurately track a local oscillator signal 失效
标题翻译：包括光学预选择的光信号的光外差检测系统和方法被调整以准确地跟踪本地振荡器信号
公开(公告)号：US07027743B1
公开(公告)日：2006-04-11
申请号：US09684371
申请日：2000-10-05
申请人： Rodney S. Tucker , Douglas M. Baney , Wayne V. Sorin
发明人： Rodney S. Tucker , Douglas M. Baney , Wayne V. Sorin
IPC分类号： H04B10/06 , H04B10/148
CPC分类号： H04B10/60 , H04B10/64
摘要： An optical heterodyne detection system includes a tunable optical pre-selector that is adjusted to track the frequency of a swept local oscillator signal. The tunable optical pre-selector is adjusted in response to a measure of the frequency of the swept local oscillator signal and in response to a measure of a portion of the swept local oscillator signal after the portion of the swept local oscillator signal has optically interacted with the optical pre-selector. In an embodiment, at least some portion of the swept local oscillator signal is modulated before it interacts with the optical pre-selector. In an embodiment, the portion of the swept local oscillator signal that interacts with the pre-selector is detected and used in a feedback control circuit to generate a control signal which causes the error between the center frequency of the pre-selector and the frequency of the swept local oscillator signal to be small.
摘要翻译：光学外差检测系统包括可调光学预选器，其被调整以跟踪扫频本地振荡器信号的频率。响应于扫描本地振荡器信号的频率的量度，并且响应于扫描本地振荡器信号的一部分在扫描本地振荡器信号的一部分与光学相互作用之后的测量来调节可调谐光学预选器光学预选器。在一个实施例中，扫描本地振荡器信号的至少一部分在与光学预选器相互作用之前被调制。在一个实施例中，扫描本地振荡器信号与预选器相互作用的部分被检测并在反馈控制电路中使用，以产生控制信号，该控制信号导致预选器的中心频率与频率之间的误差扫频本机振荡信号较小。

4. 发明授权

US06970250B1 Method and system for optical heterodyne detection of an optical signal that utilizes optical attenuation 失效
标题翻译：利用光衰减的光信号的光外差检测方法和系统
公开(公告)号：US06970250B1
公开(公告)日：2005-11-29
申请号：US09488149
申请日：2000-01-20
申请人： Wayne V. Sorin , Douglas M. Baney
发明人： Wayne V. Sorin , Douglas M. Baney
IPC分类号： G01J9/04 , H04B10/04 , H04B10/06 , H04B10/08 , H04B10/142 , H04B10/148 , H04B10/152 , H04B17/00 , G01B9/02
CPC分类号： H04B10/60 , H04B10/64
摘要： Monitoring an optical signal utilizing optical heterodyne detection involves attenuating an input signal before the input signal is combined with a local oscillator signal. The input signal is attenuated in order improve the signal to noise ratio of the heterodyne signal that is generated when the input signal and the local oscillator signal are combined. The signal to noise ratio of the heterodyne signal improves with attenuation of the input signal, specifically in the case where the intensity noise from the input signal is the dominant noise source, because the heterodyne signal and the intensity noise of the input signal scale differently with attenuation of the input signal.
摘要翻译：利用光外差检测来监测光信号涉及在将输入信号与本地振荡器信号组合之前衰减输入信号。输入信号衰减，以提高当输入信号和本地振荡器信号组合时产生的外差信号的信噪比。外差信号的信噪比随着输入信号的衰减而改善，特别是在输入信号的强度噪声是主要噪声源的情况下，因为外差信号和输入信号的强度噪声与输入信号衰减。

5. 发明授权

US06535289B1 System and method for optical heterodyne detection of an optical signal 失效
标题翻译：用于光信号的光外差检测的系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US06535289B1
公开(公告)日：2003-03-18
申请号：US09586404
申请日：2000-06-02
申请人： Douglas M. Baney , Wayne V. Sorin
发明人： Douglas M. Baney , Wayne V. Sorin
IPC分类号： G10B902
CPC分类号： H04B10/60 , H04B10/64
摘要： An optical heterodyne detection system includes an optical pre-selector that has an adjustable passband which is adjusted to track the wavelength of a swept local oscillator signal. In an embodiment, an input signal is combined with a swept local oscillator signal and the combined optical signal is filtered by the optical pre-selector. In another embodiment, the input signal is filtered by the optical pre-selector before the input signal and the swept local oscillator signal are combined. Filtering the input signal or the combined input signal and the swept local oscillator signal to pass a wavelength band that tracks the wavelength of the swept local oscillator signal reduces the noise contributed from WDM signals and increases the dynamic range of the optical heterodyne detection system. An embodiment of the optical heterodyne detection system includes an optical combining unit, an optical pre-selector for the combined input and swept local oscillator signals, and a photodetector. Another embodiment of the optical heterodyne detection system includes an optical pre-selector for the input signal, an optical combining unit, and a photodetector.
摘要翻译：光学外差检测系统包括具有可调整通带的光学预选器，其被调整以跟踪扫描本地振荡器信号的波长。在一个实施例中，输入信号与扫频本地振荡器信号组合，并且组合的光信号被光学预选器滤波。在另一个实施例中，输入信号在输入信号和扫频本地振荡器信号组合之前被光学预选器滤波。滤波输入信号或组合的输入信号和扫频本地振荡器信号以通过跟踪扫频本地振荡器信号的波长的波长带，降低了从WDM信号贡献的噪声，并增加了光学外差检测系统的动态范围。光学外差检测系统的实施例包括光学组合单元，用于组合输入和扫描本地振荡器信号的光学预选器，以及光电检测器。光外差检测系统的另一实施例包括用于输入信号的光学预选器，光学组合单元和光电检测器。

6. 发明授权

US06091744A Wavelength selectable source for wavelength division multiplexed applications 失效
标题翻译：用于波分复用应用的波长可选源
公开(公告)号：US06091744A
公开(公告)日：2000-07-18
申请号：US6756
申请日：1998-01-14
申请人： Wayne V. Sorin , Douglas M. Baney
发明人： Wayne V. Sorin , Douglas M. Baney
IPC分类号： H01S3/1055 , H01S3/106 , H01S5/00 , H01S5/10 , H01S5/12 , H01S5/14 , H01S3/10
CPC分类号： H01S3/1055 , H01S5/141 , H01S3/106 , H01S5/1215 , H01S5/146
摘要： A broadband wavelength-selectable laser includes a gain medium, an optical transmission filter, and an optical fiber with a reflective filter such as a series of fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs). The gain medium is preferably a semiconductor laser diode that generates broadband optical energy. The gain medium is optically connected to the optical transmission filter, such as a bandpass filter, a notch filter, or a periodic filter, which converts the broadband optical energy into filtered optical energy having wavelength bands of high transmissivity and wavelength bands of low transmissivity. The optical transmission filter is optically connected to the series of FBGs that reflects different wavelength bands of optical energy. Either the optical transmission filter or the FBGs are tunable over a wavelength range that includes the desired laser wavelengths. Tuning a laser to a selected wavelength requires tuning either the optical transmission filter or the FBG that corresponds to the desired wavelength so that the selected wavelength of optical energy is reflected back toward the gain medium, thereby inducing lasing at the selected wavelength. The single wavelength laser light is suitable for wavelength division multiplexed applications.
摘要翻译：宽带波长可选激光器包括增益介质，光传输滤波器和具有诸如一系列光纤布拉格光栅（FBG）的反射滤光器的光纤。增益介质优选是产生宽带光能的半导体激光二极管。增益介质光学连接到诸如带通滤波器，陷波滤波器或周期滤波器的光传输滤波器，其将宽带光能转换成具有高透射率和低透射率波长带的波长带的滤波光能。光传输滤波器光学连接到反映光能的不同波长带的一系列FBG。光传输滤波器或FBG可以在包括所需激光波长的波长范围内可调。将激光器调谐到所选择的波长需要调整对应于期望波长的光传输滤波器或FBG，使得所选择的光能波长被反射回增益介质，从而在所选择的波长处诱导激光。单波长激光适用于波分复用应用。

7. 发明授权

US5982791A Wavelength tracking in adjustable optical systems 失效
标题翻译：可调光学系统中的波长跟踪
公开(公告)号：US5982791A
公开(公告)日：1999-11-09
申请号：US6854
申请日：1998-01-14
申请人： Wayne V. Sorin , Douglas M. Baney
发明人： Wayne V. Sorin , Douglas M. Baney
IPC分类号： G02B26/00 , G02B6/34 , H04J14/02 , H01S3/10
CPC分类号： G02B6/29322 , G02B6/02195 , H04J14/02 , H04J14/021
摘要： An optical system such as an add and/or drop WDM multiplexer allows the wavelength fluctuation of an optical carrier to be tracked so that a corresponding fiber Bragg grating (FBG) can be responsively tuned. The preferred embodiment of the wavelength tracking system in an optical system such as an add and/or drop module includes a three-port optical circulator, three optical fibers, a series of tunable FBGs, a source of a broadband optical noise signal, an optical spectrum analyzer (OSA), and an FBG tuner. In operation, an LED generates modulated probe lightwaves that are inserted into a drop module. The LED lightwaves and the optical carriers propagating through the drop module are monitored by an OSA. The monitoring procedure determines the conditions, in terms of target wavelengths of the FBGs, and the stability or instability of the optical carriers. The FBGs are then tuned in response to the FBG and optical carrier information. In another embodiment, the wavelength of an optical carrier is tracked using a modulated tracking grating and an FBG is adjusted in response to the tracking information.
摘要翻译：诸如添加和/或丢弃WDM多路复用器的光学系统允许跟踪光载波的波长波动，使得可以响应地调谐相应的光纤布拉格光栅（FBG）。光学系统中的波长跟踪系统的优选实施例如加和/或降模块包括三端口光循环器，三光纤，一系列可调光FBG，宽带光噪声信号源，光频谱分析仪（OSA）和FBG调谐器。在操作中，LED产生被插入到液滴模块中的调制探测光波。通过OSA监视LED光波和通过降落模块传播的光载波。监测程序根据FBG的目标波长确定条件，以及光载波的稳定性或不稳定性。然后响应于FBG和光载波信息来调谐FBG。在另一个实施例中，使用调制跟踪光栅跟踪光载波的波长，并且响应于跟踪信息调整FBG。

8. 发明授权

US5272560A Variable spectral width multiple pass optical noise source 失效
标题翻译：可变光谱宽度多通光噪声源
公开(公告)号：US5272560A
公开(公告)日：1993-12-21
申请号：US860636
申请日：1992-03-30
申请人： Douglas M. Baney , Wayne V. Sorin
发明人： Douglas M. Baney , Wayne V. Sorin
IPC分类号： G02F1/35 , H01S3/067 , H01S3/10 , G02B27/28 , H01S3/30
CPC分类号： H01S3/06795 , H01S3/06712 , Y10S372/703
摘要： An apparatus for creating an optical noise of a predetermined bandwidth that uses an optical amplifier which amplifies optical noise components and produces unpolarized optical noise by spontaneous emission, a mirror to reflect the optical noise components back to the optical amplifier and a filter that filters out optical noise components outside the predetermined optical bandwidth. The filter is located so that optical noise components passed by the filter are amplified in the optical amplifier during an additional amplification. Optionally, a polarizer and Faraday rotator are used in the apparatus. The optical noise created in the optical amplifier is polarized in the polarizer after two amplifications, rotated in the Faraday rotator, then amplified two more times before leaving the apparatus.

9. 发明授权

US06548801B1 System and method for optical heterodyne detection of an optical signal 失效
标题翻译：用于光信号的光外差检测的系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US06548801B1
公开(公告)日：2003-04-15
申请号：US09483177
申请日：2000-01-13
申请人： Wayne V. Sorin , Douglas M. Baney
发明人： Wayne V. Sorin , Douglas M. Baney
IPC分类号： H01J4014
CPC分类号： H04B10/61 , H04B10/614 , H04B10/6151 , H04B10/64
摘要： An optical heterodyne detection system includes an input signal and a local oscillator signal that are combined in an optical coupler and output as a first beam and a second beam. A polarizing beam splitter is optically connected to the optical coupler in order to receive the first beam and the second beam. The polarizing beam splitter includes four outputs for outputting four beams to four photodetectors including two polarized portions of the first beam and two polarized portions of the second beam. The four photodetectors generate four electrical signals in response to respective ones of the four beams. The four electrical signals are transmitted to a processor and processed to provide an output response that is independent of the polarization state of the original input signal and in which the intensity noise has been suppressed. Processing of the electrical signals to suppress the intensity noise involves canceling the intensity noise component of similarly polarized beams by subtracting the similarly polarized beams. Processing of the electrical signals to provide polarization independence involves squaring the values generated from the two subtraction operations, low pass filtering the values generated from the two squaring operations, and then adding the values generated from the two filtering operations.
摘要翻译：光外差检测系统包括输入信号和本地振荡器信号，其组合在光耦合器中并作为第一光束和第二光束输出。偏振分束器光学连接到光耦合器以便接收第一光束和第二光束。偏振分束器包括四个输出，用于将四个光束输出到四个光电检测器，包括第一光束的两个偏振部分和第二光束的两个偏振部分。四个光电检测器响应于四个光束中的相应的四个光束产生四个电信号。四个电信号被发送到处理器并被处理以提供独立于原始输入信号的偏振态的输出响应，并且其中已经抑制了强度噪声。抑制强度噪声的电信号的处理涉及通过减去相似偏振光束来消除类似偏振光束的强度噪声分量。电信号的处理以提供偏振独立性涉及平方从两个减法运算产生的值，对从两个平方运算产生的值进行低通滤波，然后将从两个滤波运算产生的值相加。

10. 发明授权

US06256103B1 System and method for optical heterodyne detection of an optical signal 失效
标题翻译：用于光信号的光外差检测的系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US06256103B1
公开(公告)日：2001-07-03
申请号：US09506195
申请日：2000-02-17
申请人： Wayne V. Sorin , Douglas M. Baney
发明人： Wayne V. Sorin , Douglas M. Baney
IPC分类号： G01B902
CPC分类号： H04B10/60 , H04B10/614 , H04B10/64
摘要： A system for monitoring an optical signal includes an optical heterodyne detection system in which an input signal and a swept local oscillator signal are combined to generate a combined optical signal. At least two beams of the combined optical signal are filtered by a filter that passes a wavelength band which tracks the wavelength of the swept local oscillator signal. As the local oscillator signal sweeps across a wavelength range, filtering of the beams is adjusted to track the wavelength of the local oscillator signal. Filtering the beams to pass a wavelength band corresponding to the wavelength of the swept local oscillator signal reduces the intensity noise contributed from light sources having wavelengths that are not near the wavelength of the local oscillator signal. Another system for monitoring an optical signal includes an optical heterodyne detection system in which the intensity noise of the input signal and/or the intensity noise of the swept local oscillator signal is reduced before the input signal and the local oscillator signal are combined. An embodiment of the optical heterodyne detection system includes an intensity noise reducer for the input signal and/or an intensity noise reducer for the swept local oscillator signal, an optical combining unit, photodetectors, and may include a processor. Utilizing intensity noise reducers for the input signal and/or the local oscillator signal reduces the intensity noise that is detected by the photodetectors and improves the signal to noise ratio of the heterodyne detection system.
摘要翻译：用于监视光信号的系统包括光外差检测系统，其中输入信号和扫频本地振荡器信号被组合以产生组合的光信号。组合光信号的至少两个光束通过滤波器滤波，该滤波器通过跟踪扫描本地振荡器信号的波长的波长带。当本地振荡器信号扫过波长范围时，调整波束的滤波以跟踪本地振荡器信号的波长。过滤波束以通过与扫频本地振荡器信号的波长相对应的波长带降低由具有不在本地振荡器信号的波长附近的波长的光源所贡献的强度噪声。用于监视光信号的另一个系统包括一个光外差检测系统，其中输入信号的强度噪声和/或扫频本地振荡器信号的强度噪声在输入信号和本地振荡器信号组合之前被减小。光学外差检测系统的一个实施例包括用于输入信号的强度噪声减少器和/或用于扫频本地振荡器信号的强度降噪器，光学组合单元，光电检测器，并且可以包括处理器。利用用于输入信号和/或本地振荡器信号的强度降噪器降低由光电检测器检测到的强度噪声，并提高外差检测系统的信噪比。

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