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1. 发明授权

US5253314A Tunable optical waveguide coupler 失效
标题翻译：可调光波导耦合器
公开(公告)号：US5253314A
公开(公告)日：1993-10-12
申请号：US830092
申请日：1992-01-31
申请人： Rodney C. Alferness , Lawrence L. Buhl , Thomas L. Koch , Uziel Koren
发明人： Rodney C. Alferness , Lawrence L. Buhl , Thomas L. Koch , Uziel Koren
IPC分类号： H01L31/12 , G02B6/12 , G02B6/122 , G02F1/313 , H01S5/00 , H01S5/026 , H01S5/0625 , H01S5/10 , H01S5/34 , G02B6/26
CPC分类号： H01S5/06256 , G02B6/12004 , G02B6/12007 , G02F1/3133 , G02F2001/3135 , G02F2203/055 , H01S5/1032 , H01S5/1035 , H01S5/3428
摘要： Various optical functions are generated in accordance with the present invention of a novel broadly tunable monolithic wavelength selective coupler which can be integrated with a gain medium to form a broadly tunable laser. The tunable wavelength selective coupler supports a pair of asynchronous waveguides, an upper waveguide and a lower waveguide, in combination with a phase match course grating for coupling optical energy between said waveguides. One end of the lower waveguide terminates at an output facet. The corresponding end of the upper waveguide terminates in an optical signal absorbing medium. The other end of the lower waveguide is terminated to prevent optical energy from entering the waveguide; and, the corresponding end of the upper waveguide terminates at an input facet. The combination of a gain section and the monolithically tunable wavelength selective coupler forms a broadly tunable laser which is an important source of optical energy for a number of applications such as wavelength division multiplexed networks and switching systems. The laser frequency is determined by that wavelength .lambda.o which satisifies the forward coupling phase match condition, .lambda.g=.LAMBDA..vertline.N.sub.2 -N.sub.1 .vertline. of the coupler where .LAMBDA. is the coarse grating period and N.sub.1, N.sub.2 are the effective indices of the two waveguides. Wavelengths which are not coupled from the upper waveguide to the lower waveguide are attenuated in the optical signal absorbing means. Tuning of the laser wavelength is achieved by either injecting current into or applying a reverse bias voltage to the upper waveguide to decrease or increase its index respectively and change the coupled wavelength.

2. 发明授权

US4904045A Grating coupler with monolithically integrated quantum well index modulator 失效
标题翻译：具有单片集成量子阱索引调制器的光栅耦合器
公开(公告)号：US4904045A
公开(公告)日：1990-02-27
申请号：US173503
申请日：1988-03-25
申请人： Rodney C. Alferness , Thomas L. Koch , Uziel Koren , Jane E. Zucker
发明人： Rodney C. Alferness , Thomas L. Koch , Uziel Koren , Jane E. Zucker
IPC分类号： G02F1/015 , G02F1/017 , G02F1/313 , H01S5/00 , H01S5/0625 , H01S5/10 , H01S5/343 , H01S5/50
CPC分类号： B82Y20/00 , G02F1/01708 , G02F1/3133 , H01S5/1032 , H01S5/34313 , G02F2001/0151 , G02F2001/3135 , G02F2201/302 , G02F2202/101 , G02F2202/102 , G02F2203/055 , H01S5/06256 , H01S5/06258 , H01S5/1028 , H01S5/1035 , H01S5/34306 , H01S5/5045
摘要： A grating coupler is combined with a quantum well index modulator and an optical waveguide to alter the reverse or forward coupling characteristics between two different propagation modes of the system.

3. 发明授权

US4955028A Wavelength tunable composite cavity laser 失效
标题翻译：波长可调谐复合腔激光器
公开(公告)号：US4955028A
公开(公告)日：1990-09-04
申请号：US173488
申请日：1988-03-25
申请人： Rodney C. Alferness , Gadi Eisenstein , Uziel Koren , Ping K. Tien , Rodney S. Tucker , Matthew S. Whalen
发明人： Rodney C. Alferness , Gadi Eisenstein , Uziel Koren , Ping K. Tien , Rodney S. Tucker , Matthew S. Whalen
IPC分类号： G02B6/34 , H01S3/08 , H01S3/1055 , H01S5/14
CPC分类号： G02B6/022 , G02B6/02061 , G02B6/02066 , G02B6/02195 , H01S3/08009 , H01S3/1055 , H01S5/141 , H01S5/146
摘要： Wavelength tunability and single frequency output are achieved in a coherent light source employing an adjustably controllable reflector. The light source includes a gain medium coupled to a single-mode fiber having a partially reduced cladding region at a predetermined distance from the gain medium. A Bragg reflector is either formed on the reduced cladding region of the single-mode fiber or formed on an external element in close proximity to the reduced cladding region. A single resonant optical cavity is formed by placing another reflector on the side of the gain medium opposite the gain medium-to-fiber coupling. Wavelength tuning of the light source is accomplished by controllably adjusting the period or the Bragg reflector element.
摘要翻译：波长可调性和单频输出在采用可调节可控反射器的相干光源中实现。光源包括耦合到单模光纤的增益介质，其具有距离增益介质预定距离的部分减小的包层区域。布拉格反射器或者形成在单模光纤的还原包层区域上，或者形成在紧邻还原包层区域的外部元件上。通过在增益介质的相对于增益介质到光纤耦合的一侧放置另一个反射器来形成单个谐振光学腔。通过可控地调节周期或布拉格反射器元件来实现光源的波长调谐。

4. 发明授权

US5031188A Inline diplex lightwave transceiver 失效
标题翻译：在线双工光波收发器
公开(公告)号：US5031188A
公开(公告)日：1991-07-09
申请号：US516413
申请日：1990-04-30
申请人： Thomas L. Koch , Herwig Kogelnik , Uziel Koren
发明人： Thomas L. Koch , Herwig Kogelnik , Uziel Koren
IPC分类号： H01S3/10 , G02B6/42 , H01S5/00 , H01S5/026 , H01S5/062 , H01S5/12 , H01S5/125 , H04B10/24 , H04J14/00 , H04J14/02
CPC分类号： H01S5/0262 , G02B6/4246 , H01S5/125 , H01S5/0264 , H01S5/0622 , H01S5/12
摘要： Full duplex lightwave communications is achieved in a diplex transceiver realized in a semiconductor photonic integrated circuit having an inline interconnecting waveguide integral with the transmitting and receiving portions of the transceiver. Semiconductor lasers and detectors operating in different wavelength regimes permit diplex or wavelength-division-multiplexed operation. In the transceiver, lightwave signals from the laser propagate through the laser without interfering with the laser operation or the lightwave signals being generated.
摘要翻译：在具有与收发器的发射和接收部分成一体的在线互连波导的半导体光子集成电路中实现的双工收发器中实现全双工光波通信。以不同波长方式工作的半导体激光器和检测器允许双重或波分复用操作。在收发器中，来自激光器的光波信号传播通过激光器，而不会干扰激光器操作或产生光波信号。

5. 发明授权

US4944838A Method of making tapered semiconductor waveguides 失效
标题翻译：制造锥形半导体波导的方法
公开(公告)号：US4944838A
公开(公告)日：1990-07-31
申请号：US389074
申请日：1989-08-03
申请人： Thomas L. Koch , Uziel Koren
发明人： Thomas L. Koch , Uziel Koren
IPC分类号： G02B6/136 , H01L21/306 , H01S5/323
CPC分类号： H01L21/30612 , G02B6/136 , H01S5/32391
摘要： Adiabatic mode control and structural reproducibility are achieved by a tapered semiconductor waveguide structure wherein semiconductor guiding layers are interleaved with stop-etch layers and each guiding layer extends further along the propagation axis of the waveguide further than the guiding layer immediately adjacent thereabove to create a staircase-like core or guiding structure. Cladding regions of appropriate semiconductor material having a lower index of refraction than the tapered core structure may be added to completely surround the tapered guiding structure. The profile of the tapered structure is realizable as any desired staircase-like shape such as linear, parabolic, exponential or the like. Additional layers of higher index of refraction semiconductor material may be included in the cladding region to permit additional beam shaping of the expanded spatial mode propagating along the tapered waveguide.Photolithographic masks defining successively larger exposed areas are aligned, deposited over the waveguide structure, and then removed following each etching step. Material selective etching techniques are employed to remove exposed (unmasked) portions of guiding layers. In sequence, the exposed, formerly underlying portions of the stop-etch layers are then removed using material selective etching. Iteration of the above process steps permits a tapered waveguide structure to be defined.
摘要翻译：绝热模式控制和结构再现性通过锥形半导体波导结构实现，其中半导体引导层与停止蚀刻层交错，并且每个引导层沿着波导的传播轴进一步延伸，远离其上方紧邻的引导层，以产生阶梯型芯或引导结构。可以添加具有比锥形芯结构更低的折射率的适当的半导体材料的包层区域以完全包围锥形引导结构。锥形结构的轮廓可实现为任何所需的阶梯状形状，例如线性，抛物线形，指数型等。可以在包层区域中包含更高折射率的折射率半导体材料的附加层，以允许沿着锥形波导传播的扩展空间模式的附加束成形。定义连续较大的暴露区域的光刻掩模对准，沉积在波导结构上，然后在每个蚀刻步骤之后被移除。使用材料选择性蚀刻技术来去除引导层的暴露（未掩蔽）部分。顺序地，然后使用材料选择性蚀刻去除停止蚀刻层的暴露的先前的下面的部分。上述工艺步骤的迭代允许限定锥形波导结构。

6. 发明授权

US5288659A Photonic-integrated-circuit fabrication process 失效
标题翻译：光子集成电路制造工艺
公开(公告)号：US5288659A
公开(公告)日：1994-02-22
申请号：US944628
申请日：1992-09-14
申请人： Thomas L. Koch , Uziel Koren
发明人： Thomas L. Koch , Uziel Koren
IPC分类号： G02B6/12 , G02B6/124 , G02B6/136 , H01L21/8252 , H01L27/15 , H01S5/00 , H01S5/026 , H01S5/12 , H01L21/308 , H01S3/18
CPC分类号： H01S5/0264 , G02B6/124 , G02B6/136 , H01L21/8252 , H01S5/1231 , Y10S148/095 , Y10S148/106 , Y10S438/942
摘要： An improved process for fabricating photonic circuits is disclosed. The inventive process starts with a growth of a base wafer comprising a stack of epitaxial layers of various materials. At least a portion of each of the material layers will ultimately be a functioning part of any of a number of devices which will form the PIC or will serve a role in at least one of the fabrication processing steps. Specific inventive processing steps are addressed to (1) interconnecting passive waveguides, active devices, and grating filtering regions without the substantial optical discontinuities which appear in the prior art, and (2) etching continuous waveguide mesas to different depths in different regions of the PIC so as to optimize the performance of each PIC device.
摘要翻译：公开了一种用于制造光子电路的改进方法。本发明的方法从包含各种材料的外延层的堆叠的基底晶片的生长开始。每个材料层的至少一部分将最终将成为将形成PIC的多个装置中的任何一个的功能部分，或将在至少一个制造处理步骤中起作用。具体的本发明处理步骤涉及（1）互连无源波导，有源器件和光栅滤波区域，而不存在现有技术中出现的实质光学不连续性，以及（2）将连续的波导台面蚀刻到PIC的不同区域中的不同深度以便优化每个PIC设备的性能。

7. 发明授权

US5144637A Inline diplex lightwave transceiver 失效
标题翻译：在线DIPLEX LIGHTWAVE TRANSCEIVER
公开(公告)号：US5144637A
公开(公告)日：1992-09-01
申请号：US517103
申请日：1990-04-30
申请人： Thomas L. Koch , Herwig Kogelnik , Uziel Koren
发明人： Thomas L. Koch , Herwig Kogelnik , Uziel Koren
IPC分类号： H04B10/24 , G02B6/42 , H01L27/15 , H01S5/00 , H01S5/026
CPC分类号： H01L27/15 , G02B6/4246 , H01S5/0262
摘要： Full duplex lightwave communications is achieved in a diplex transceiver realized in a semiconductor photonic integrated circuit having an inline interconnecting waveguide integral with the transmitting and receiving portions of the transceiver. Semiconductor lasers and detectors operating in different wavelength regimes permit diplex or wavelength-division-multiplexed operation. In the transceiver, lightwave signals from the laser propagate through the detector without interfering with the detector operation or the lightwave signals being detected.
摘要翻译：在具有与收发器的发射和接收部分成一体的在线互连波导的半导体光子集成电路中实现的双工收发器中实现全双工光波通信。以不同波长方式工作的半导体激光器和检测器允许双重或波分复用操作。在收发器中，来自激光器的光波信号通过检测器传播，而不会干扰检测器操作或被检测到的光波信号。

8. 发明授权

US5147825A Photonic-integrated-circuit fabrication process 失效
标题翻译：光电集成电路制造工艺
公开(公告)号：US5147825A
公开(公告)日：1992-09-15
申请号：US237251
申请日：1988-08-26
申请人： Thomas L. Koch , Uziel Koren
发明人： Thomas L. Koch , Uziel Koren
IPC分类号： G02B6/12 , G02B6/124 , G02B6/136 , H01L21/8252 , H01L27/15 , H01S5/00 , H01S5/026 , H01S5/12
CPC分类号： H01S5/0264 , G02B6/124 , G02B6/136 , H01L21/8252 , H01S5/1231 , Y10S148/095 , Y10S148/106 , Y10S438/942
摘要： An improved process for fabricating photonic circuits is disclosed. The inventive process starts with a growth of a base wafer comprising a stack of epitaxial layers of various materials. At least a portion of each of the material layers will ultimately be a functioning part of any of a number of devices which will form the PIC or will serve a role in at least one of the fabrication processing steps. Specific inventive processing steps are addressed to (1) interconnecting passive waveguides, active devices, and grating filtering regions without the substantial optical discontinuities which appear in the prior art, and (2) etching continuous waveguide mesas to different depths in different regions of the PIC so as to optimize the performance of each PIC device.

9. 发明授权

US4932032A Tapered semiconductor waveguides 失效
标题翻译：锥形半导体波导
公开(公告)号：US4932032A
公开(公告)日：1990-06-05
申请号：US389087
申请日：1989-08-03
申请人： Thomas L. Koch , Uziel Koren
发明人： Thomas L. Koch , Uziel Koren
IPC分类号： G02B6/122 , G02B6/30 , H01S5/10 , H01S5/323
CPC分类号： G02B6/305 , G02B6/1228 , H01S5/1032 , H01S5/1014 , H01S5/32391
摘要： Adiabatic mode control and structural reproducibility are achieved by a tapered semiconductor waveguide structure wherein semiconductor guiding layers are interleaved with stop-etch layers and each successive guiding layer extends further along the propagation axis of the waveguide than the guiding layer immediately adjacent thereabove to create a staircase-like core or guiding structure. Cladding regions of appropriate semiconductor material having a lower index of refraction than the tapered core structure may be added to completely surround the tapered guiding structure. The profile of the tapered structure is realizable as any desired staircase-like shape such as linear, parabolic, exponential or the like. Additional layers of higher index of refraction semiconductor material may be included in the cladding region to permit additional beam shaping of the expanded spatial mode propagating along the tapered waveguide.
摘要翻译：通过锥形半导体波导结构实现绝热模式控制和结构再现性，其中半导体引导层与停止蚀刻层交错，并且每个连续的引导层沿着波导的传播轴进一步延伸，而不是紧邻其上方的引导层以产生阶梯型芯或引导结构。可以添加具有比锥形芯结构更低的折射率的适当的半导体材料的包层区域以完全包围锥形引导结构。锥形结构的轮廓可实现为任何所需的阶梯状形状，例如线性，抛物线形，指数型等。可以在包层区域中包含更高折射率的折射率半导体材料的附加层，以允许沿着锥形波导传播的扩展空间模式的附加束成形。

10. 发明授权

US5861965A Optical communication system employing spectrally sliced optical source 失效
标题翻译：光通信系统采用光谱切片光源
公开(公告)号：US5861965A
公开(公告)日：1999-01-19
申请号：US706029
申请日：1996-08-30
申请人： Uziel Koren , Kang-Yih Liou
发明人： Uziel Koren , Kang-Yih Liou
IPC分类号： G02B6/293 , H04B10/272 , H04J14/00 , H04J14/02 , H04J14/08
CPC分类号： H04B10/272 , H04J14/02 , H04J14/08
摘要： An apparatus and method provides optical multiple wavelength signals using a single, broadband optical source such, for example, as an LED, to generate many independent optical wavelength channels. An optical transmitter includes a wavelength channel defining assembly which resolves the broad spectrum pulses output by the source into discrete wavelength bands constituting respective pulses (i.e., wavelength channels) and which inserts a delay between the bands to define a sequence of individually addressable channels.In accordance with one embodiment of the invention, spectral splicing is achieved by a multiple channel filter, and insertion of the respective delays is achieved by individual fiber sections, each section having a length selected to introduce a particular delay, coupled to the output ports of the router. The inserted delays can be conveniently selected to separate adjacent wavelength channels and thereby minimize the likelihood of crosstalk. Pulses of the thus-resolved channels arrive at different times to a multiplexer which may be configured, for example, as a passive WDM multiplexer or as a star combiner. The resulting sequence of addressable wavelength channels may be supplied to one or more high-speed, broadband modulators, with each modulator being operable to modulate some or all of the channels.
摘要翻译：一种装置和方法使用单个宽带光源（例如LED）提供光学多波长信号，以产生许多独立的光波长通道。光发射器包括波长通道限定组件，其将由源输出的广谱脉冲解析成构成相应脉冲（即，波长通道）的离散波长带，并且在波段之间插入延迟以限定可单独寻址的通道序列。根据本发明的一个实施例，通过多通道滤波器实现频谱拼接，并且各个延迟的插入由各个光纤部分实现，每个部分具有选择的长度以引入特定延迟，耦合到输出端口路由器可以方便地选择插入的延迟以分离相邻的波长信道，从而使串扰的可能性最小化。如此分辨的信道的脉冲到达可被配置为例如无源WDM多路复用器或星形组合器的多路复用器的不同时间。所得到的可寻址波长信道序列可以被提供给一个或多个高速宽带调制器，每个调制器可操作以调制一些或全部信道。

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