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1. 发明授权

US08961628B2 Pretreatment of biomass using steam explosion methods 有权
标题翻译：使用蒸汽爆炸法预处理生物质
公开(公告)号：US08961628B2
公开(公告)日：2015-02-24
申请号：US13531318
申请日：2012-06-22
申请人： Robert S. Ampulski , John T. Turner , Wayne W. Simmons
发明人： Robert S. Ampulski , John T. Turner , Wayne W. Simmons
IPC分类号： B01J7/00
CPC分类号： C07C29/1518 , C10G2300/1014 , C10G2300/1022 , C10G2400/04 , C10G2400/22 , C10J3/485 , C10J2300/0906 , C10J2300/0909 , C10J2300/0916 , C10J2300/092 , C10J2300/0976 , C10J2300/1223 , C10J2300/1665 , C10J2300/1853 , C10K3/02 , C10L9/083 , D21C1/02 , Y02E50/15 , Y02E50/18 , Y02P20/145 , Y02P30/20 , C07C31/04
摘要： An integrated plant that includes a steam explosion process unit and biomass gasifier to generate syngas from biomass. A steam explosion process unit applies a combination of heat, pressure, and moisture to the biomass to make the biomass into a moist fine particle form. The steam explosion process unit applies steam with a high pressure to heat and pressurize any gases and fluids present inside the biomass to internally blow apart the bulk structure of the biomass via a rapid depressurization of the biomass with the increased moisture content. Those produced moist fine particles of biomass are subsequently fed to a feed section of the biomass gasifier, which reacts the biomass particles in a rapid biomass gasification reaction to produce syngas components.
摘要翻译：一个综合工厂，其中包括蒸汽爆炸处理装置和生物质气化器，以从生物质产生合成气。蒸汽爆炸处理单元将热量，压力和水分的组合应用于生物质，以使生物质成为潮湿的细颗粒形式。蒸汽爆炸过程单元应用高压蒸汽来对生物质内存在的任何气体和流体进行加压并对其进行加压，以通过具有增加的水分含量的生物质的快速减压来内部吹散生物质的本体结构。产生生物质的湿细颗粒的产物随后被送入生物质气化器的进料部分，其使生物质颗粒在快速的生物质气化反应中反应以产生合成气组分。

2. 发明申请

US20130341569A1 PRETREATMENT OF BIOMASS USING STEAM EXPLOSION METHODS 有权
标题翻译：使用蒸汽爆炸方法预处理生物量
公开(公告)号：US20130341569A1
公开(公告)日：2013-12-26
申请号：US13531318
申请日：2012-06-22
申请人： Robert S. Ampulski , John T. Turner , Wayne W. Simmons
发明人： Robert S. Ampulski , John T. Turner , Wayne W. Simmons
IPC分类号： B01J7/00 , C01B3/02
CPC分类号： C07C29/1518 , C10G2300/1014 , C10G2300/1022 , C10G2400/04 , C10G2400/22 , C10J3/485 , C10J2300/0906 , C10J2300/0909 , C10J2300/0916 , C10J2300/092 , C10J2300/0976 , C10J2300/1223 , C10J2300/1665 , C10J2300/1853 , C10K3/02 , C10L9/083 , D21C1/02 , Y02E50/15 , Y02E50/18 , Y02P20/145 , Y02P30/20 , C07C31/04
摘要： An integrated plant that includes a steam explosion process unit and biomass gasifier to generate syngas from biomass. A steam explosion process unit applies a combination of heat, pressure, and moisture to the biomass to make the biomass into a moist fine particle form. The steam explosion process unit applies steam with a high pressure to heat and pressurize any gases and fluids present inside the biomass to internally blow apart the bulk structure of the biomass via a rapid depressurization of the biomass with the increased moisture content. Those produced moist fine particles of biomass are subsequently fed to a feed section of the biomass gasifier, which reacts the biomass particles in a rapid biomass gasification reaction to produce syngas components.
摘要翻译：一个综合工厂，其中包括蒸汽爆炸处理装置和生物质气化器，以从生物质产生合成气。蒸汽爆炸处理单元将热量，压力和水分的组合应用于生物质，以使生物质成为潮湿的细颗粒形式。蒸汽爆炸过程单元应用高压蒸汽来对生物质内存在的任何气体和流体进行加压并对其进行加压，以通过具有增加的水分含量的生物质的快速减压来内部吹散生物质的本体结构。产生生物质的湿细颗粒的产物随后被送入生物质气化器的进料部分，其使生物质颗粒在快速的生物质气化反应中反应以产生合成气组分。

3. 发明申请

US20130248767A1 PRETREATMENT OF BIOMASS USING THERMO MECHANICAL METHODS BEFORE GASIFICATION 有权
标题翻译：气化前采用热机械方法预处理生物量
公开(公告)号：US20130248767A1
公开(公告)日：2013-09-26
申请号：US13429847
申请日：2012-03-26
申请人： Robert S. Ampulski , John T. Turner , Joel K. Monteith , Freya Kugler
发明人： Robert S. Ampulski , John T. Turner , Joel K. Monteith , Freya Kugler
IPC分类号： C01B3/02 , B01J7/00
CPC分类号： B01J8/087 , B01J8/12 , B01J2208/00132 , B01J2208/00504 , B01J2208/00513 , C07C29/1518 , C10G3/00 , C10J3/485 , C10J3/62 , C10J3/74 , C10J2300/0906 , C10J2300/0916 , C10J2300/1246 , C10J2300/1269 , C10J2300/1665 , C10L1/06 , C10L9/083 , D21B1/12 , Y02E50/18 , Y02E50/32 , Y02P20/145 , Y02P30/20 , C07C31/04
摘要： An integrated plant generates syngas from biomass, where the integrated plant includes a Thermo Mechanical Pulping (TMP) process, a biomass gasifier, a methanol synthesis process, and a liquid fuel generation process. Biomass is received as a feedstock in the TMP process. The biomass is pre-treated in the TMP process for subsequent supply to the biomass gasifier by using a combination of heat, pressure, moisture, and mechanical agitation that are applied to the biomass to make the biomass into a pulp form. The TMP process breaks down a bulk structure of the received biomass, at least in part, by applying steam to degrade bonds between lignin and hemi-cellulose from cellulose fibers of the biomass. Next, the broken down particles of the biomass are reacted in a biomass gasification reaction at a temperature of greater than 700 degrees C. to create syngas components, which are fed to a methanol synthesis process.
摘要翻译：综合工厂从生物质生产合成气，其中综合工厂包括热机械制浆（TMP）工艺，生物质气化炉，甲醇合成工艺和液体燃料生产工艺。在TMP过程中生物质作为原料被接收。生物质在TMP方法中进行预处理，用于随后通过加热，压力，湿度和机械搅拌的组合供应到生物质气化器中，所述组合施加到生物质以使生物质成为纸浆形式。 TMP方法至少部分地通过施加蒸汽来降解木质素和半纤维素之间的结合，从生物质的纤维素纤维分解收集的生物质的大体结构。接下来，生物质的分解颗粒在大于700℃的温度下在生物质气化反应中反应，以产生合成气组分，将其送入甲醇合成过程。

4. 发明申请

US20130248760A1 PARTICLE FOR GASIFICATION CONTAINING A CELLULOSE CORE WITH A COATING OF LIGNIN 审中-公开
标题翻译：用于含有LIGNIN涂层的纤维素芯的气体颗粒
公开(公告)号：US20130248760A1
公开(公告)日：2013-09-26
申请号：US13618528
申请日：2012-09-14
申请人： Robert S. Ampulski , John T. Turner , Joel K. Monteith
发明人： Robert S. Ampulski , John T. Turner , Joel K. Monteith
IPC分类号： D21B1/36 , D21H11/00
CPC分类号： D21B1/36 , D21B1/02 , D21C1/02 , D21H11/08
摘要： A biomass composition of matter to be used in a torrefaction process or a biomass gasification reaction is described. The biomass in a particle form is created in a pretreatment step that occurs prior to the torrefaction process or the biomass gasification reaction. A bulk structure of the biomass is 1) stripped apart to at least partially separate an outer layer of lignin in the biomass from the cellulose fibers, 2) internally blown apart to create fragments of the fiber bundle, and 3) any combination of the two in the pretreatment step. The biomass in particle form has a length to thickness aspect ratio on average of less than 300 to 1, a thickness on average of less than 100 microns thick and a length on average of less than 3000 microns.
摘要翻译：描述了用于烘焙过程或生物质气化反应中的物质的生物质组成。颗粒形式的生物质是在烘焙过程或生物质气化反应之前发生的预处理步骤产生的。生物质的体积结构是1）剥离，至少部分地将生物质中的木质素外层与纤维素纤维分开，2）内部吹开以产生纤维束的碎片，以及3）两者的任何组合在预处理步骤。颗粒形式的生物质的长宽比平均小于300至1，平均厚度小于100微米厚，平均长度小于3000微米。

5. 发明授权

US09126173B2 Pretreatment of biomass using thermo mechanical methods before gasification 有权
标题翻译：在气化前用热机械方法预处理生物质
公开(公告)号：US09126173B2
公开(公告)日：2015-09-08
申请号：US13429847
申请日：2012-03-26
申请人： Robert S. Ampulski , John T. Turner , Joel K. Monteith , Freya Kugler
发明人： Robert S. Ampulski , John T. Turner , Joel K. Monteith , Freya Kugler
IPC分类号： B01J8/12 , C10J3/62 , C10J3/74 , C10L1/06 , B01J8/08 , C07C29/151 , C10J3/48 , D21B1/12 , C10G3/00 , C10L9/08
CPC分类号： B01J8/087 , B01J8/12 , B01J2208/00132 , B01J2208/00504 , B01J2208/00513 , C07C29/1518 , C10G3/00 , C10J3/485 , C10J3/62 , C10J3/74 , C10J2300/0906 , C10J2300/0916 , C10J2300/1246 , C10J2300/1269 , C10J2300/1665 , C10L1/06 , C10L9/083 , D21B1/12 , Y02E50/18 , Y02E50/32 , Y02P20/145 , Y02P30/20 , C07C31/04
摘要： An integrated plant generates syngas from biomass, where the integrated plant includes a Thermo Mechanical Pulping (TMP) process, a biomass gasifier, a methanol synthesis process, and a liquid fuel generation process. Biomass is received as a feedstock in the TMP process. The biomass is pre-treated in the TMP process for subsequent supply to the biomass gasifier by using a combination of heat, pressure, moisture, and mechanical agitation that are applied to the biomass to make the biomass into a pulp form. The TMP process breaks down a bulk structure of the received biomass, at least in part, by applying steam to degrade bonds between lignin and hemi-cellulose from cellulose fibers of the biomass. Next, the broken down particles of the biomass are reacted in a biomass gasification reaction at a temperature of greater than 700 degrees C. to create syngas components, which are fed to a methanol synthesis process.
摘要翻译：综合工厂从生物质生产合成气，其中综合工厂包括热机械制浆（TMP）工艺，生物质气化炉，甲醇合成工艺和液体燃料生产工艺。在TMP过程中生物质作为原料被接收。生物质在TMP方法中进行预处理，用于随后通过加热，压力，湿度和机械搅拌的组合供应到生物质气化器中，所述组合施加到生物质以使生物质成为纸浆形式。 TMP方法至少部分地通过施加蒸汽来降解木质素和半纤维素之间的结合，从生物质的纤维素纤维分解收集的生物质的大体结构。接下来，生物质的分解颗粒在大于700℃的温度下在生物质气化反应中反应，以产生合成气组分，将其送入甲醇合成过程。

6. 发明申请

US20130247448A1 OPTIMIZATION OF TORREFACTION VOLATILES FOR PRODUCING LIQUID FUEL FROM BIOMASS 审中-公开
标题翻译：用于从生物质生产液体燃料的扭矩挥发性的优化
公开(公告)号：US20130247448A1
公开(公告)日：2013-09-26
申请号：US13429759
申请日：2012-03-26
申请人： Robert S. Ampulski , Timothy E. Laska , John T. Turner , Sidney P. White
发明人： Robert S. Ampulski , Timothy E. Laska , John T. Turner , Sidney P. White
IPC分类号： C10L1/00 , B01J8/00
CPC分类号： C10L9/083 , C10G1/02 , C10G3/42 , C10G2300/1011 , C10G2300/305 , C10G2400/02 , C10J3/62 , C10J3/64 , C10J2300/0906 , C10J2300/0916 , C10J2300/092 , C10J2300/094 , C10J2300/0976 , C10J2300/1665 , C10K1/004 , C10K3/026 , C10L1/023 , C10L1/06 , C10L2290/02 , C10L2290/04 , C10L2290/06 , C10L2290/08 , C10L2290/10 , C10L2290/24 , C10L2290/28 , C10L2290/46 , C10L2290/54 , C10L2290/562 , Y02E50/15 , Y02E50/18 , Y02E50/32 , Y02P20/145 , Y02P20/146 , Y02P30/20
摘要： Generation of a liquid fuel product in an integrated multiple zone plant is discussed. Syngas components are supplied to a methanol (CH3OH) synthesis reactor from outputs of a first zone containing a torrefaction unit and a second zone containing a biomass gasifier that are combined in parallel and that thermally decompose biomass at different operating temperatures. Char particles of the biomass generated in the first zone are fed to the biomass gasifier in the second zone. Gasoline is produced via a methanol to gasoline process in a third zone, which receives its methanol derived from the syngas components fed to the methanol synthesis reactor. The gasoline derived from biomass is blended with condensable volatile materials including C5+ hydrocarbons collected during the pyrolyzation of the biomass in the torrefaction unit in the first zone in order to increase an octane rating of the blended gasoline.
摘要翻译：讨论了在综合多区工厂中生成液体燃料产品。合成气组分从含有烘焙单元的第一区域和包含生物质气化器的第二区域的输出被提供到甲醇（CH 3 OH）合成反应器，所述第二区域并联并且在不同操作温度下热分解生物质。在第一区域中产生的生物质的炭颗粒被供给到第二区域中的生物质气化器。在第三区域中通过甲醇至汽油过程生产汽油，其接收来自进料到甲醇合成反应器的合成气组分的甲醇。衍生自生物质的汽油与可冷凝挥发性物质混合，包括在第一区的烘焙装置中生物质热解期间收集的C5 +烃，以提高混合汽油的辛烷值。

7. 发明授权

US5637194A Wet pressed paper web and method of making the same 失效
标题翻译：湿压纸网和制作相同的方法
公开(公告)号：US5637194A
公开(公告)日：1997-06-10
申请号：US358661
申请日：1994-12-19
申请人： Robert S. Ampulski , Albert H. Sawdai , Paul D. Trokhan
发明人： Robert S. Ampulski , Albert H. Sawdai , Paul D. Trokhan
IPC分类号： D21F3/02 , D21F11/00 , D21H27/00 , D21H11/00
CPC分类号： D21F11/006 , Y10T428/24455 , Y10T428/24603
摘要： The present invention provides a wet pressed paper web. The web has a first relatively high density region having a first thickness K, a second relatively low density region having a second thickness P, which is a local maxima, and a third region extending intermediate the first and second regions. The third region includes a transition region having a third thickness T, which is a local minima. The present invention also provides a method of making a wet pressed web. An embryonic web of papermaking fibers is formed on a foraminous forming member, and transferred to an imprinting member to deflect a portion of the papermaking fibers in the embryonic web into deflection conduits in the imprinting member. The web and the imprinting member are then pressed between first and second dewatering felts in a compression nip to further deflect the papermaking fibers into the deflection conduits in the imprinting member and to remove water from both sides of the web. The imprinting member can have a continuous, monoplanar web contacting surface for molding a wet paper web to have a continuous, relatively high density network and a plurality of relatively low density, discrete domes dispersed through the relatively high density network.
摘要翻译：本发明提供一种湿压纸幅。幅材具有第一相对高密度区域，具有第一厚度K，具有第二厚度P的第二相对低密度区域，其是局部最大值，以及在第一和第二区域之间延伸的第三区域。第三区域包括具有第三厚度T的过渡区域，其是局部最小值。本发明还提供一种制造湿压网的方法。造纸纤维的胚胎网形成在多孔成形构件上，并转移到压印构件以将胚胎网中的一部分造纸纤维偏转到压印构件中的偏转导管中。然后将卷材和压印构件在压缩压区中在第一和第二脱水毡之间被挤压，以进一步将造纸纤维偏转到压印构件中的偏转导管中，并从网的两侧除去水。压印构件可以具有连续的单平面接触表面，用于模制湿纸幅以具有连续的，相对高密度的网络和分散在相对高密度网络中的多个相对低密度的离散圆顶。

8. 发明授权

US5389204A Process for applying a thin film containing low levels of a functional-polysiloxane and a mineral oil to tissue paper 失效
标题翻译：将含有低水平的官能聚硅氧烷和矿物油的薄膜施加到薄纸上的方法
公开(公告)号：US5389204A
公开(公告)日：1995-02-14
申请号：US212436
申请日：1994-03-10
申请人： Robert S. Ampulski
发明人： Robert S. Ampulski
IPC分类号： D21H19/32 , D21H21/24 , D21H23/56 , D21H21/22
CPC分类号： D21H21/24 , D21H19/32 , D21H23/56
摘要： Disclosed is a process for making soft tissue paper which includes providing a dry tissue web and then applying a sufficient amount of a functional-polysiloxane softener compound to the dry web. The softener application process includes the steps of mixing a functional-polysiloxane compound with a suitable nonvolatile diluent, such as a mineral oil, forming an emulsion containing the functional-polysiloxane compound and nonvolatile diluent using a volatile solvent, such as water, and surfactant emulsifier, applying the emulsion to a heated transfer surface, evaporating the volatile solvent from the emulsion to form a film, and then contacting the dry tissue web with the heated transfer surface. Preferably, the tissue web is dried to a moisture level below its equilibrium moisture content before application of the functional-polysiloxane material. The process may further include the steps of applying an effective amount of a surfactant material to enhance softness and/or wettability control; and/or an effective amount of a binder material such as starch, for linting control, and/or to contribute tensile strength to the tissue paper.
摘要翻译：公开了一种制备软棉纸的方法，其包括提供干燥的纸幅，然后将足够量的官能 - 聚硅氧烷柔软剂施加到干燥幅材上。软化剂施加方法包括以下步骤：使用挥发性溶剂如水和表面活性剂乳化剂将功能性聚硅氧烷化合物与合适的非挥发性稀释剂如矿物油混合，形成含有官能聚硅氧烷化合物和非挥发性稀释剂的乳液将乳液施加到加热的转印表面上，从乳液中蒸发挥发性溶剂以形成膜，然后使干纸幅与加热的转印表面接触。优选地，在施加功能聚硅氧烷材料之前，将组织网干燥至低于其平衡含水量的水分含量。该方法可以进一步包括施加有效量的表面活性剂材料以增强柔软度和/或润湿性控制的步骤; 和/或有效量的粘合剂材料如淀粉，用于褪色控制，和/或为薄纸提供拉伸强度。

9. 发明授权

US5246545A Process for applying chemical papermaking additives from a thin film to tissue paper 失效
标题翻译：将化学造纸添加剂从薄膜应用于薄纸的方法
公开(公告)号：US5246545A
公开(公告)日：1993-09-21
申请号：US936161
申请日：1992-08-27
申请人： Robert S. Ampulski , Paul D. Trokhan
发明人： Robert S. Ampulski , Paul D. Trokhan
IPC分类号： D21H17/00 , D21H19/14 , D21H21/18 , D21H21/22 , D21H23/56
CPC分类号： D21H21/18 , D21H17/00 , D21H19/14 , D21H21/22 , D21H23/56
摘要： Disclosed is a process for making soft tissue paper which includes providing a dry tissue web and then applying a sufficient amount of a chemical papermaking additive from a thin film to the dry web. The chemical papermaking additives are added to the surface of the tissue paper to enhance properties of the paper such as strength, softener, absorbency, and/or aesthetics. The chemical papermaking additive application process includes the steps of diluting the chemical papermaking additive with a suitable solvent, applying the diluted chemical solution to a heated transfer surface, evaporating the solvent from the dilute solution to form a film, and then transferring the film to the tissue by contacting the dry tissue web with the heated transfer surface. Preferably, the tissue web is dried to a moisture level below its equilibrium moisture content before application of the papermaking additive.
摘要翻译：公开了一种制备软棉纸的方法，其包括提供干燥的纸幅，然后将足量的化学造纸添加剂从薄膜施加到干燥幅材上。将化学造纸添加剂添加到薄纸的表面以增强纸张的性能，例如强度，柔软剂，吸收性和/或美观性。化学造纸添加剂的应用过程包括用合适的溶剂稀释化学造纸添加剂的步骤，将稀释的化学溶液施加到加热的转移表面，从稀溶液中蒸发溶剂以形成膜，然后将膜转移到通过使干纸幅与加热的转印表面接触来进行组织。优选地，在施用造纸添加剂之前，将组织网干燥至低于其平衡水分含量的水分含量。

10. 发明授权

US06251331B1 Process and apparatus for making papermaking belt using fluid pressure differential 失效
标题翻译：使用流体压差制造造纸带的工艺和设备
公开(公告)号：US06251331B1
公开(公告)日：2001-06-26
申请号：US09150385
申请日：1998-09-09
申请人： Robert S. Ampulski , Vladimir Vitenberg , Larry L. Huston
发明人： Robert S. Ampulski , Vladimir Vitenberg , Larry L. Huston
IPC分类号： B29C6700
CPC分类号： D21F11/006 , B29C39/148
摘要： A process and an apparatus for making a papermaking belt are provided, the belt comprising a reinforcing structure and a resinous framework joined together. The preferred continuous process comprises the steps of depositing a flowable resinous material onto a patterned molding surface; continuously moving the molding surface and the reinforcing structure at a transport velocity such that at least a portion of the reinforcing structure is in a face-to-face relationship with a portion of the molding surface; applying a fluid pressure differential to transfer the flowable resinous material from the molding surface onto the reinforcing structure and causing the flowable resinous material and the reinforcing structure to join together; and solidifying the resinous material thereby forming the resinous framework joined to the reinforcing structure. The apparatus comprises a molding member having a patterned molding surface preferably comprising a plurality of molding pockets to carry a flowable resinous material therein; a means for depositing the flowable resinous material into the molding pockets of the molding surface; a means for moving the reinforcing structure and the molding member in a predetermined direction; and a means for creating a fluid pressure differential sufficient to transfer the flowable resinous material from the molding member to the reinforcing structure.
摘要翻译：提供了一种制造造纸带的方法和装置，该带包括加强结构和连接在一起的树脂框架。优选的连续方法包括以下步骤：将可流动的树脂材料沉积到图案化的模制表面上; 以使得所述加强结构的至少一部分与所述成型表面的一部分成为面对面关系的输送速度连续地移动所述成型表面和所述加强结构; 施加流体压力差以将可流动的树脂材料从模制表面转移到加强结构上，并使可流动的树脂材料和加强结构结合在一起; 并固化树脂材料，从而形成与加强结构物接合的树脂骨架。该装置包括具有图案化模制表面的模制构件，优选地包括多个模制袋以在其中承载可流动的树脂材料; 用于将可流动树脂材料沉积到模制表面的模制袋中的装置; 用于沿预定方向移动加强结构和模制构件的装置; 以及用于产生足以将可流动的树脂材料从模制构件转移到加强结构的流体压力差的装置。

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