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1. 发明授权

US5055787A Borehole measurement of NMR characteristics of earth formations 失效
公开(公告)号：US5055787A
公开(公告)日：1991-10-08
申请号：US431368
申请日：1989-12-05
申请人： Robert L. Kleinberg , Douglas D. Griffin , Masafumi Fukuhara , Abdurrahman Sezginer , Weng C. Chew
发明人： Robert L. Kleinberg , Douglas D. Griffin , Masafumi Fukuhara , Abdurrahman Sezginer , Weng C. Chew
IPC分类号： G01R33/34 , G01R33/38 , G01R33/44 , G01V3/32
CPC分类号： G01V3/32 , G01N24/081 , G01R33/341 , G01R33/3808 , G01R33/3671 , G01R33/443 , G01R33/448
摘要： Borehole NMR logging apparatus and methods, and methods for the interpretation thereof. A logging tool is provided which produces a strong, static and homogeneous magnetic field B.sub.0 in a Volume of an adjacent formation on one side of the tool to measure nuclear magnetic resonance characteristics thereof. In the preferred embodiment, the tool has an RF antenna mounted on the outside of the metal body of the tool, directing focussed oscillating magnetic fields B.sub.1 at said Volume to polarize or tip the magnetic moments of hydrogen nuclei of fluids within rock pores. The same antenna can be used to receive signals of proton precession in the Volume of interest immediately after transmission of the RF polarizing field B.sub.1. Extremely rapid damping of the antenna between the transmitting and receiving modes of operation is accomplished by a Q-switch disclosed herein. The invention provides for the direct measurement of NMR decay having transverse relaxation time T.sub.2 behavior, and further provides for the fast repetition of pulsed measurements from within a borehole. An additional magnet array may be mounted offset from the first magnet configuration to prepolarize a formation before it is measured in order to pre-align a larger number of protons than the single magnet configuration could do by itself. Additional features of the invention are disclosed which increase the Signal/Noise ratio of the measured data, and improve the quality and quantity of borehole NMR measurements, per unit of time spent. Disclosed interpretation methods determine fluid flow permeability and longitudinal relaxation time T.sub.1 -type parameters by directly comparing the measured decay signals (such as T.sub.2 or T.sub.2 * type decay) to a representation which responds to both the decay time t.sub.dec and the imposed polarization period prior to such decay t.sub.poi. The parameters of amplitude and T.sub.1 are determined and combined with certain preferred methods to generate robust values of formation characteristics such as fluid flow permeability. Other related methods are disclosed.

2. 发明授权

US5153514A Antenna and wear plates for borehole logging apparatus 失效
标题翻译：井眼测井仪天线和耐磨板
公开(公告)号：US5153514A
公开(公告)日：1992-10-06
申请号：US657710
申请日：1991-02-19
申请人： Douglas D. Griffin , Robert L. Kleinberg , Abdurrahman Sezginer , Masafumi Fukuhara
发明人： Douglas D. Griffin , Robert L. Kleinberg , Abdurrahman Sezginer , Masafumi Fukuhara
IPC分类号： G01R33/34 , G01R33/44 , G01V3/32
CPC分类号： G01V3/32 , G01R33/34 , G01N24/081 , G01R33/3808
摘要： An apparatus is disclosed for investigating nuclear magnetic resonance properties of earth formations traversed by a borehole, including a logging device adapted for longitudinal movement in the borehole. The device includes a first subsystem for producing a static magnetic field in the formations and a second subsystem for transmitting electromagnetic energy into the formations and for detecting electromagnetic energy from the formations. The second subsystem comprises an antenna assembly which includes an open-ended shell formed of a magnetically permeable material. An open-ended electrically conductive body is disposed within the shell and is spaced therefrom. A medium whose acoustic impedance is substantially different than the acoustic impedance of the shell and the body is disposed between the shell and the body. An electrically conductive probe is disposed in the body, and an electrically insulating magnetically permeable loading material disposed in the body. The shell is formed of a material having a magnetic permeability that is high enough to render the magnetic reluctance of the loading material several times the magnetic reluctance of the shell. The body is formed of a metal having thickness that is at least several skin depths in said metal at the frequency of the electromagnetic energy and is less than the minimum thickness that would support an acoustic resonance mode in its thickness direction at the frequency of the electromagnetic energy. The apparatus provides a shunt path for the static magnetic field in the region of the antenna that would otherwise have a deleterious effect on the loading material of the antenna and on antenna operation. The apparatus also minimizes undesirable ringing of the antenna.
摘要翻译：公开了一种用于研究由钻孔穿过的地层的核磁共振特性的装置，包括适于在钻孔中纵向移动的测井装置。该装置包括用于在地层中产生静磁场的第一子系统和用于将电磁能量发射到地层中并用于检测来自地层的电磁能的第二子系统。第二子系统包括天线组件，天线组件包括由导磁材料形成的开放式外壳。开口导电体设置在壳体内并与壳体间隔开。其声阻抗基本上不同于壳体和主体的声阻抗的介质设置在壳体与本体之间。导电探针设置在体内，以及设置在体内的电绝缘的可渗透的负载材料。外壳由具有足够高的磁导率的材料形成，使得装载材料的磁阻几倍于壳的磁阻。主体由金属形成，其厚度在电磁能的频率处至少在所述金属中的几个深度深度，并且小于在电磁频率下支持其厚度方向的声共振模式的最小厚度能源。该装置为天线区域内的静态磁场提供分流路径，否则其将对天线的负载材料和天线操作产生有害影响。该装置还使不期望的天线振铃最小化。

3. 发明授权

US5055788A Borehole measurement of NMR characteristics of earth formations 失效
公开(公告)号：US5055788A
公开(公告)日：1991-10-08
申请号：US431256
申请日：1989-12-05
申请人： Robert L. Kleinberg , Douglas D. Griffin , Masafumi Fukuhara , Abdurrahman Sezginer
发明人： Robert L. Kleinberg , Douglas D. Griffin , Masafumi Fukuhara , Abdurrahman Sezginer
IPC分类号： G01R33/34 , G01R33/38 , G01R33/44 , G01V3/32
CPC分类号： G01V3/32 , G01N24/081 , G01R33/341 , G01R33/3808 , G01R33/3671 , G01R33/443 , G01R33/448
摘要： Borehole NMR logging apparatus and methods, and methods for the interpretation thereof. A logging tool is provided which produces a strong, static and homogeneous magnetic field B.sub.0 in a Volume of an adjacent formation on one side of the tool to measure nuclear magnetic resonance characteristics thereof. In the preferred embodiment, the tool has an RF antenna mounted on the outside of the metal body of the tool, directing focussed oscillating magnetic fields B.sub.1 at said Volume to polarize or tip the Magnetic moments of hydrogen nuclei of fluids within rock pores. The same antenna can be used to receive signals of proton precession in the Volume of interest immediately after transmission of the RF polarizing field B.sub.1. Extremely rapid damping of the antenna between the transmitting and receiving modes of operation is accomplished by a Q-switch disclosed herein. The invention provides for the direct measurement of NMR decay having transverse relaxation time T.sub.2 behavior, and further provides for the fast repetition of pulsed measurements from within a borehole. An additional magnet array may be mounted offset from the first magnet configuration to prepolarize a formation before it is measured in order to pre-align a larger number of protons than the single magnet configuration could do by itself. Additional features of the invention are disclosed which increase the Signal/Noise ratio of the measured data, and improve the quality and quantity of borehole NMR measurements, per unit of time spent. Disclosed interpretation methods determine fluid flow permeability and longitudinal relaxation time T.sub.1 -type parameters by directly comparing the measured decay signals (such as T.sub.2 or T.sub.2 * type decay) to a representation which responds to both the decay time t.sub.dec and the imposed polarization period prior to such decay, t.sub.poi. The parameters of amplitude and T.sub.1 are determined and combined with certain preferred methods to generate robust values of the formation characteristics such as fluid flow permeability. Other related methods are disclosed.

4. 发明授权

US4933638A Borehole measurement of NMR characteristics of earth formations, and interpretations thereof 失效
公开(公告)号：US4933638A
公开(公告)日：1990-06-12
申请号：US368916
申请日：1989-06-19
申请人： Robert L. Kleinberg , Douglas D. Griffin , Masafumi Fukuhara , Abdurranhman Sezginer , Weng C. Chew , William E. Kenyon , Peter I. Day , Max Lipsicas
发明人： Robert L. Kleinberg , Douglas D. Griffin , Masafumi Fukuhara , Abdurranhman Sezginer , Weng C. Chew , William E. Kenyon , Peter I. Day , Max Lipsicas
IPC分类号： G01R33/34 , G01R33/38 , G01R33/44 , G01V3/18 , G01V3/32
CPC分类号： G01R33/341 , G01N24/081 , G01R33/3671 , G01R33/3808 , G01V3/32
摘要： Borehole NMR logging apparatus and methods, and methods for the interpretation thereof. A logging tool is provided which produces a strong, static and homogeneous magnetic field B.sub.0 in a Volume of an adjacent formation on one side of the tool to measure nuclear magnetic resonance characteristics thereof. In the preferred embodiment, the tool has an RF antenna mounted on the outside of the metal body of the tool, directing focussed oscillating magnetic fields B.sub.1 at said Volume to polarize or tip the magnetic moments of hydrogen nuclei of fluids within rock pores. The same antenna can be used to receive signals of proton precession in the Volume of interest immediately after transmission of the RF polarizing field B.sub.1. Extremely rapid damping of the antenna between the transmitting and receiving modes of operation is accomplished by a Q-switch disclosed herein. The invention provides for the direct measurement of NMR decay having transverse relaxation time T.sub.2 behavior, and further provides for the fast repetition of pulsed measurements from within a borehole. An additional magnet array may be mounted offset from the first magnet configuration to prepolarize a formation before it is measured in order to pre-align a larger number of protons than the single magnet configuration could do by itself. Additional features of the invention are disclosed which increase the Signal/Noise ratio of the measured data, and improve the quality and quantity of borehole NMR measurements, per unit of time spent. Disclosed interpretation methods determine fluid flow permeability and longitudinal relaxation time T.sub.1 -type parameters by directly comparing the measured decay signals (such as T.sub.2 and T.sub.2 * type decay) to a representation which responds to both the decay time t.sub.dec and the imposed polarization period prior to such decay, t.sub.pol. The parameters of amplitude and T.sub.1 are determined and combined with certain preferred methods to generate robust values of formation characteristics such as fluid flow permeability. Other related methods are disclosed.

5. 发明授权

US5023551A Nuclear magnetic resonance pulse sequences for use with borehole logging tools 失效
标题翻译：用于井眼测井工具的核磁共振脉冲序列
公开(公告)号：US5023551A
公开(公告)日：1991-06-11
申请号：US452903
申请日：1989-12-19
申请人： Robert L. Kleinberg , Abdurrahman Sezginer , Masafumi Fukuhara
发明人： Robert L. Kleinberg , Abdurrahman Sezginer , Masafumi Fukuhara
IPC分类号： G01R33/34 , G01R33/38 , G01R33/44 , G01V3/32
CPC分类号： G01V3/32 , G01N24/081 , G01R33/341 , G01R33/3808 , G01R33/3671 , G01R33/443 , G01R33/448
摘要： An NMR pulse sequence for use in the borehole environment is provided which combines a modified fast inversion recovery (FIR) pulse sequence with a series of more than ten, and typically hundreds, of CPMG pulses according to[W.sub.i -180-.tau..sub.i -90-(t.sub.cp -180-t.sub.cp -echo).sub.j ].sub.iwhere j is the index of the CPMG echoes gathered, i is the index of the wait times in the pulse sequence, W.sub.i are the wait times, i are the recovery times before the CPMG pulses, and tcp is the Carr-Purcell spacing. Measurements are made of the signals induced in the formation as a result of the magnetic fields. Determinations of M.sub.o and/or T1 are then made from the measurements according to relationships which relate Mp.sub.o, T1 and T2 to the signal magnitude. Other relationships which provide stretched exponentials or multiple exponentials can also be used. From the M.sub.o and/or T1 determinations, formation parameters such as porosity and permeability may be derived according to equations known in the art. In obtaining the most accurate determinations of formation parameters in the least amount of time, the various pulse sequence parameters (I, J, W.sub.i, and .tau..sub.i) are optimized prior to logging. Additional accuracy is obtained by integrating a gated portion of the echoes rather than by measuring amplitude, and by utilizing a phase alternated CPMG sequence in repetitive measurements in order to eliminate baseline shift error.
摘要翻译：提供了一种用于井眼环境中的NMR脉冲序列，其将经修改的快速反转恢复（FIR）脉冲序列与根据[Wi-180-τi-90的几十个并且通常为数百个CPMG脉冲 - （tcp-180-tcp-echo）j] i其中j是收集的CPMG回波的索引，i是脉冲序列中的等待时间的索引，Wi是等待时间，i是之前的恢复时间 CPMG脉冲，tcp是Carr-Purcell间隔。测量由于磁场而在地层中感应的信号。然后根据将Mpo，T1和T2与信号幅度相关的关系从测量值确定Mo和/或T1。也可以使用提供拉伸指数或多指数的其他关系。根据Mo和/或T1测定，可以根据本领域已知的方程式导出诸如孔隙率和渗透率的形成参数。在最少量的时间内获得最准确的地层参数确定时，各种脉冲序列参数（I，J，Wi和τi）在记录之前被优化。通过集成回波的门控部分而不是通过测量振幅，并且通过在重复测量中利用相位交替的CPMG序列来获得额外的精度，以消除基线偏移误差。

6. 发明授权

US08448704B2 Method and system for monitoring the incursion of particulate material into a well casing within hydrocarbon bearing formations including gas hydrates 有权
标题翻译：方法和系统，用于监测颗粒材料侵入包含气体水合物的含烃层内的井套管
公开(公告)号：US08448704B2
公开(公告)日：2013-05-28
申请号：US13359487
申请日：2012-01-26
申请人： Shunetsu Onodera , Hitoshi Sugiyama , Brian W. Cho , Ahmed Al-Jubori , Masafumi Fukuhara
发明人： Shunetsu Onodera , Hitoshi Sugiyama , Brian W. Cho , Ahmed Al-Jubori , Masafumi Fukuhara
IPC分类号： E21B47/12 , E21B33/13
CPC分类号： E21B23/02 , E21B43/08 , E21B43/119 , E21B2043/0115
摘要： A method and system for monitoring any incursion of particulate matter from a gas hydrate formation into a well casing used for the production of the gas hydrate and determining the degree of incursion of particulate material within the distal end of the well casing.
摘要翻译：一种用于监测从气体水合物形成到用于生产气体水合物的井套管中的任何颗粒物侵入的方法和系统，以及确定在井套管远端内颗粒材料侵入的程度。

7. 发明授权

US07886820B2 Method and system for monitoring the incursion of particulate material into a well casing within hydrocarbon bearing formations including gas hydrates 有权
标题翻译：方法和系统，用于监测颗粒材料侵入包含气体水合物的含烃层内的井套管中
公开(公告)号：US07886820B2
公开(公告)日：2011-02-15
申请号：US11612494
申请日：2006-12-19
申请人： Shunetsu Onodera , Hitoshi Sugiyama , Brian W. Cho , Ahmed H. Al-Jubori , Masafumi Fukuhara
发明人： Shunetsu Onodera , Hitoshi Sugiyama , Brian W. Cho , Ahmed H. Al-Jubori , Masafumi Fukuhara
IPC分类号： E21B47/06 , E21B43/12
CPC分类号： E21B43/00 , E21B47/04 , E21B2043/0115 , G01F23/22 , G01F23/296 , G01V2210/647
摘要： A method and system for monitoring any incursion of particulate matter from a gas hydrate formation into a well casing used for the production of the gas hydrate and determining the degree of incursion of particulate material within the distal end of the well casing.
摘要翻译：一种用于监测从气体水合物形成到用于生产气体水合物的井套管中的任何颗粒物侵入的方法和系统，以及确定在井套管远端内颗粒材料侵入的程度。

8. 发明授权

US07530392B2 Method and system for development of hydrocarbon bearing formations including depressurization of gas hydrates 有权
标题翻译：含烃层的开发方法和系统，包括天然气水合物的减压
公开(公告)号：US07530392B2
公开(公告)日：2009-05-12
申请号：US11612489
申请日：2006-12-19
申请人： Hitoshi Sugiyama , Brian W. Cho , Shunetsu Onodera , Ahmed H. Al-Jubori , Masafumi Fukuhara
发明人： Hitoshi Sugiyama , Brian W. Cho , Shunetsu Onodera , Ahmed H. Al-Jubori , Masafumi Fukuhara
IPC分类号： E21B43/40 , E21B47/06
CPC分类号： E21B23/02 , E21B43/08 , E21B43/119 , E21B2043/0115
摘要： A method and system for the production of a gas hydrate including the steps of drilling into a subterranean gas hydrate formation and at least partially depressurizing the gas hydrate formation to permit separation of gas and water from the hydrate form. The gas and water is then pumped from the formation and recovered from the well. At least a portion of water pumped from the well is water that is introduced into the well from the surface or reintroduced by a feed back loop from the production operation.
摘要翻译：一种用于生产气体水合物的方法和系统，包括钻入地下气体水合物层并且至少部分地减压天然气水合物形成以允许气体和水从水合物形式分离的步骤。然后将气体和水从地层泵送并从井中回收。从井中抽出的水的至少一部分是从表面引入井中或从生产操作通过反馈回路重新引入的水。

9. 发明申请

US20120170405A1 METHOD FOR A MUD CAKE THICKNESS DETERMINATION 有权
标题翻译：一种用于泥浆切片厚度测定的方法
公开(公告)号：US20120170405A1
公开(公告)日：2012-07-05
申请号：US13311864
申请日：2011-12-06
申请人： Timur Zharnikov , Masafumi Fukuhara , Alexander F. Zazovsky , Fernando Garcia-Osuna
发明人： Timur Zharnikov , Masafumi Fukuhara , Alexander F. Zazovsky , Fernando Garcia-Osuna
IPC分类号： G01V1/00
CPC分类号： G01V1/50
摘要： The method of a mud cake thickness determination provides sending short high-frequency signals into a formation from at least two positions located at different distances from the mud cake and recording arrival times of reflected echo signals. The mud cake thickness is determined based on the time measured.
摘要翻译：泥饼厚度测定的方法提供了从距离泥饼不同距离的至少两个位置向地层发送短的高频信号并记录反射回波信号的到达时间。泥饼厚度根据测得的时间确定。

10. 发明授权

US08061470B2 Method and apparatus for deploying a plurality of seismic devices into a borehole and method thereof 有权
标题翻译：将多个地震装置部署到钻孔中的方法和装置及其方法
公开(公告)号：US08061470B2
公开(公告)日：2011-11-22
申请号：US12146424
申请日：2008-06-25
申请人： Tatsuki Endo , Gbenga Onadeko , Masafumi Fukuhara
发明人： Tatsuki Endo , Gbenga Onadeko , Masafumi Fukuhara
IPC分类号： G01V1/40 , G01V1/42 , G01V1/00 , G01V1/09
CPC分类号： E21B19/22 , E21B23/14 , G01V1/168 , G01V1/52
摘要： Deploying systems and methods for deploying a plurality of seismic devices into a borehole comprising a cable including a plurality of inter-connected cable segments and ellipsoid seismic units with at least two rows of offset seismic protrusions to establish at least three points of contact between the seismic units and adjacent cylindrical surface of a borehole casing.
摘要翻译：部署用于将多个地震装置部署到钻孔中的系统和方法，包括包括多个相互连接的电缆段和具有至少两排偏移地震突起的椭圆地震单元的电缆，以在地震之间建立至少三个接触点单元和钻孔套管的相邻圆柱形表面。

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