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1. 发明授权

US5558786A Process for high quality plasma arc and laser cutting of stainless steel and aluminum 失效
公开(公告)号：US5558786A
公开(公告)日：1996-09-24
申请号：US319470
申请日：1994-10-06
申请人： Richard W. Couch, Jr. , Nicholas A. Sanders , Zhipeng Lu , Lifeng Luo , Staffan C. O. Stenfelt
发明人： Richard W. Couch, Jr. , Nicholas A. Sanders , Zhipeng Lu , Lifeng Luo , Staffan C. O. Stenfelt
IPC分类号： B23K10/00 , B23K26/12 , B23K26/14 , B23K35/38
CPC分类号： B23K26/123 , B23K10/00 , B23K26/12 , B23K26/125 , B23K26/1429 , B23K35/38 , B23K2203/05 , B23K2203/10
摘要： Plasma arc or laser cutting uses a mix of reactive and reducing gas flows to cut sheets of stainless steel, aluminum and other non-ferrous metals. The reducing gas flow to the cut varies as a percentage of the total gas flow to maintain a reducing atmosphere down through the cut, but to leave a predominantly oxidizing atmosphere at the intersection of the cut and the bottom surface of the sheet being cut. In plasma arc cutting these flows can also be characterized as either a plasma gas flow, one that forms the arc, or a shield gas flow that surrounds the arc. The reactive gas is preferably a flow of air, oxygen, nitrogen, carbon dioxide or a combination of these gases. The reducing gas is preferably hydrogen, hydrogen 35, methane, or a mixture of these gases. For aluminum, the reactive gas is preferably air or nitrogen and the reducing gas is preferably methane or a mixture of methane and air. In laser cutting the reducing gases such as methane can be used by mixing them with reactive assist gases.

2. 发明授权

US5653896A Process for high quality plasma arc and laser cutting of stainless steel and aluminum 失效
标题翻译：高品质等离子弧和不锈钢和铝激光切割工艺
公开(公告)号：US5653896A
公开(公告)日：1997-08-05
申请号：US711162
申请日：1996-09-09
申请人： Richard W. Couch, Jr. , Nicholas A. Sanders , Zhipeng Lu , Lifeng Luo , Staffan C. O. Stenfelt
发明人： Richard W. Couch, Jr. , Nicholas A. Sanders , Zhipeng Lu , Lifeng Luo , Staffan C. O. Stenfelt
IPC分类号： B23K10/00 , B23K26/12 , B23K26/14 , B23K35/38
CPC分类号： B23K26/123 , B23K10/00 , B23K26/12 , B23K26/125 , B23K26/1429 , B23K35/38 , B23K2203/05 , B23K2203/10
摘要： Plasma arc or laser cutting uses a mix of reactive and reducing gas flows to cut sheets of stainless steel, aluminum and other non-ferrous metals. The reducing gas flow to the cut varies as a percentage of the total gas flow to maintain a reducing atmosphere down through the cut, but to leave a predominantly oxidizing atmosphere at the intersection of the cut and the bottom surface of the sheet being cut. In plasma arc cutting these flows can also be characterized as either a plasma gas flow, one that forms the arc, or a shield gas flow that surrounds the arc. The reactive gas is preferably a flow of air, oxygen, nitrogen, carbon dioxide or a combination of these gases. The reducing gas is preferably hydrogen, hydrogen 35, methane, or a mixture of these gases. For aluminum, the reactive gas is preferably air or nitrogen and the reducing gas is preferably methane or a mixture of methane and air. In laser cutting the reducing gases such as methane can be used by mixing them with reactive assist gases.
摘要翻译：等离子弧或激光切割使用反应和还原气流的混合来切割不锈钢，铝和其他有色金属。到切割的还原气体流量以总气体流量的百分比变化，以通过切割保持还原气氛，但是在被切割的片材的切割和底部表面的交叉处留下主要的氧化气氛。在等离子体电弧切割中，这些流动也可以表征为等离子体气流，形成电弧的气流或围绕电弧的保护气体流。反应气体优选为空气，氧气，氮气，二氧化碳或这些气体的组合。还原气体优选为氢气，氢气，甲烷或这些气体的混合物。对于铝，反应性气体优选为空气或氮气，并且还原气体优选为甲烷或甲烷和空气的混合物。在激光切割中，还原气体如甲烷可以通过将其与活性助剂气体混合来使用。

3. 发明授权

US5414236A Process for high quality plasma arc cutting of stainless steel and aluminum 失效
标题翻译：高品质等离子弧切割不锈钢和铝的工艺
公开(公告)号：US5414236A
公开(公告)日：1995-05-09
申请号：US989183
申请日：1992-12-11
申请人： Richard W. Couch, Jr. , Nicholas A. Sanders , Zhipeng Lu , Lifeng Luo
发明人： Richard W. Couch, Jr. , Nicholas A. Sanders , Zhipeng Lu , Lifeng Luo
IPC分类号： B23K10/00 , B23K26/12 , B23K26/14 , B23K35/38
CPC分类号： B23K26/123 , B23K10/00 , B23K26/125 , B23K26/1423 , B23K35/38 , B23K2203/05 , B23K2203/10
摘要： A plasma arc torch uses a mix of reactive and reducing gas flows to cut sheets of stainless steel, aluminum and other non-ferrous metals. The reducing gas flow to the cut is varied as a percentage of the total gas flow to maintain a reducing atmosphere down through the cut, but to leave a predominantly oxidizing atmosphere at the intersection of the cut and the bottom surface of the sheet being out. These flows can also be characterized as either a plasma gas flow, one that forms the arc, or a shield gas flow that surrounds the arc. The reactive gas is preferably a flow of air, oxygen, nitrogen, carbon dioxide or a combination of these gases. The reactive gas is usually in the plasma gas flow, whether alone or mixed with other gases. The reducing gas is preferably hydrogen, hydrogen 35, methane, or a mixture of these gases. For aluminum, the reactive gas is preferably air or nitrogen and the reducing gas is preferably methane or a mixture of methane and air.
摘要翻译：等离子弧焊炬使用反应和还原气流混合切割不锈钢，铝和其他有色金属片。进入切割的还原气体流量以总气体流量的百分比而变化，以通过切割保持还原气氛，但在片材的切割和底部表面的交叉点处留下主要的氧化气氛。这些流动也可以表征为等离子体气体流，形成电弧的流动或围绕电弧的屏蔽气体流。反应气体优选为空气，氧气，氮气，二氧化碳或这些气体的组合。反应气体通常处于等离子体气体流中，无论是单独还是与其他气体混合。还原气体优选为氢气，氢气，甲烷或这些气体的混合物。对于铝，反应性气体优选为空气或氮气，并且还原气体优选为甲烷或甲烷和空气的混合物。

4. 发明授权

US5380976A Process for high quality plasma arc and laser cutting of stainless steel and aluminum 失效
标题翻译：高品质等离子弧和不锈钢和铝激光切割工艺
公开(公告)号：US5380976A
公开(公告)日：1995-01-10
申请号：US24416
申请日：1993-03-01
申请人： Richard W. Couch, Jr. , Nicholas A. Sanders , Zhipeng Lu , Lifeng Luo , Staffan C. O. Stenfelt
发明人： Richard W. Couch, Jr. , Nicholas A. Sanders , Zhipeng Lu , Lifeng Luo , Staffan C. O. Stenfelt
IPC分类号： B23K10/00 , B23K26/12 , B23K26/14 , B23K35/38 , B23K9/00
CPC分类号： B23K26/123 , B23K10/00 , B23K26/12 , B23K26/125 , B23K26/1429 , B23K35/38 , B23K2203/05 , B23K2203/10
摘要： Plasma arc or laser cutting uses a mix of reactive and reducing gas flows to cut sheets of stainless steel, aluminum and other non-ferrous metals. The reducing gas flow to the cut varies as a percentage of the total gas flow to maintain a reducing atmosphere down through the cut, but to leave a predominantly oxidizing atmosphere at the intersection of the cut and the bottom surface of the sheet being cut. In plasma arc cutting these flows can also be characterized as either a plasma gas flow, one that forms the arc, or a shield gas flow that surrounds the arc. The reactive gas is preferably a flow of air, oxygen, nitrogen, carbon dioxide or a combination of these gases. The reducing gas is preferably hydrogen, hydrogen 35, methane, or a mixture of these gases. For aluminum, the reactive gas is preferably air or nitrogen and the reducing gas is preferably methane or a mixture of methane and air. In laser cutting the reducing gases such as methane can be used by mixing them with reactive assist gases.
摘要翻译：等离子弧或激光切割使用反应和还原气流的混合来切割不锈钢，铝和其他有色金属。到切割的还原气体流量以总气体流量的百分比变化，以通过切割保持还原气氛，但是在被切割的片材的切割和底部表面的交叉处留下主要的氧化气氛。在等离子体电弧切割中，这些流动也可以表征为等离子体气流，形成电弧的气流或围绕电弧的保护气体流。反应气体优选为空气，氧气，氮气，二氧化碳或这些气体的组合。还原气体优选为氢气，氢气，甲烷或这些气体的混合物。对于铝，反应性气体优选为空气或氮气，并且还原气体优选为甲烷或甲烷和空气的混合物。在激光切割中，还原气体如甲烷可以通过将其与活性助剂气体混合来使用。

5. 发明授权

US5310988A Electrode for high current density plasma arc torch 失效
标题翻译：高电流密度等离子弧焊炬电极
公开(公告)号：US5310988A
公开(公告)日：1994-05-10
申请号：US886067
申请日：1992-05-20
申请人： Richard W. Couch, Jr. , Nichols A. Sanders , Lifeng Luo , Zhipeng Lu , Patrik Backander , John Sobr
发明人： Richard W. Couch, Jr. , Nichols A. Sanders , Lifeng Luo , Zhipeng Lu , Patrik Backander , John Sobr
IPC分类号： B23K10/00 , H05H1/34
CPC分类号： H05H1/34 , H05H2001/3442 , H05H2001/3452
摘要： The diameter of a hafnium insert press fit into the bottom end of a copper electrode varies as a function of the level of current carried by the electrode. The diameter is the minimum necessary to support emission at that current level while also protecting the copper body against attack by the arc. The insert is generally circular and preferably extends completely through the bottom wall to a circulating flow of cooling water at a hollow interior of the electrode. The bottom wall includes an annular recess in a portion of the copper wall surrounding the insert. A coolant inlet tube extends into the recess in a spaced relationship to provide a high flow velocity of the coolant over the interior rear surface of the electrode.
摘要翻译：掺入铜电极底端的铪片插入物的直径根据电极承载的电流水平而变化。直径是支持当前级别发射所必需的最小值，同时还可以保护铜体免受电弧的侵袭。插入件通常是圆形的，并且优选地完全穿过底壁延伸到在电极的中空内部的冷却水的循环流。底壁包括围绕插入件的铜壁的一部分中的环形凹部。冷却剂入口管以间隔开的方式延伸到凹部中，以提供冷却剂在电极内表面上的高流速。

6. 发明授权

US5396043A Plasma arc cutting process and apparatus using an oxygen-rich gas shield 失效
标题翻译：等离子弧切割工艺和使用富氧气体保护罩的设备
公开(公告)号：US5396043A
公开(公告)日：1995-03-07
申请号：US753395
申请日：1991-08-30
申请人： Richard W. Couch, Jr. , Nicholas A. Sanders , Lifeng Luo , John Sobr
发明人： Richard W. Couch, Jr. , Nicholas A. Sanders , Lifeng Luo , John Sobr
IPC分类号： B23K10/00 , H05H1/28 , H05H1/30 , H05H1/34
CPC分类号： H05H1/34 , B23K10/00 , B23K10/006 , H05H1/341 , H05H1/28 , H05H1/30 , H05H2001/3421 , H05H2001/3426 , H05H2001/3442 , H05H2001/3457 , H05H2001/3468 , H05H2001/3478 , H05H2001/3494
摘要： A plasma arc torch has a secondary gas flow that is extremely large during piercing of a workpiece to keep splattered molten metal away from the torch and thereby prevent "double arcing". The secondary flow exits the torch immediately adjacent the transferred plasma arc and is an extremely uniform, swirling flow. A swirl ring is located in the secondary gas flow path at the exit point. A prechamber feeds gas to the swirl ring, which is in turn fed through a flow restricting orifice. For certain applications the secondary gas is a mixture of an oxidizing gas, preferably oxygen, and a non-oxidizing gas, preferably nitrogen, in a flow ratio of oxygen to nitrogen in the range of 2:3 to 9:1. Preferably the flow ratio is about 2:1. A network of conduits and solenoid valves operated under the control of a central microprocessor regulates the flows of plasma gas and secondary gas and mixes the secondary gas. The network includes valved parallel branches that provide a quick charge capability and a set of venting valves, also electrically actuated by the microprocessor, to provide a quick discharge. In a preferred high-definition embodiment, a nozzle with a cut back outer surface and a large, conical head allows a metal seal and enhanced cooling. A two-piece cap protects the nozzle during cutting.
摘要翻译：等离子弧焊炬具有在工件刺穿期间非常大的二次气流，以保持溅射的熔融金属远离焊炬，从而防止“双电弧”。二次流动离开火炬，紧邻转移的等离子体电弧，并且是非常均匀的旋转流。旋流环位于出口处的二次气体流路中。预燃室将气体供给涡流环，涡流环又通过流动限制孔进料。对于某些应用，二次气体是氧气与氮气的流量比在2:3至9:1范围内的氧化气体，优选氧气和非氧化气体，优选氮气的混合物。流量比优选为约2:1。在中央微处理器的控制下操作的管道和电磁阀网络调节等离子体气体和二次气体的流动并混合二次气体。该网络包括提供快速充电能力的带阀的并联支路以及也由微处理器电致动的一组通气阀，以提供快速放电。在优选的高清晰度实施例中，具有切割的外表面和大的锥形头部的喷嘴允许金属密封和增强的冷却。两片盖子在切割过程中保护喷嘴。

7. 发明授权

US5695662A Plasma arc cutting process and apparatus using an oxygen-rich gas shield 失效
公开(公告)号：US5695662A
公开(公告)日：1997-12-09
申请号：US595797
申请日：1996-02-02
申请人： Richard W. Couch, Jr. , Nicholas A. Sanders , Lifeng Luo , John Sobr
发明人： Richard W. Couch, Jr. , Nicholas A. Sanders , Lifeng Luo , John Sobr
IPC分类号： B23K10/00 , H05H1/34
CPC分类号： B23K10/006 , H05H1/341 , H05H2001/3421 , H05H2001/3426 , H05H2001/3442 , H05H2001/3457 , H05H2001/3468 , H05H2001/3478
摘要： A plasma arc torch has a secondary gas flow that is extremely large during piercing of a workpiece to keep splattered molten metal away from the torch and thereby prevent "double arcing". The secondary flow exits the torch immediately adjacent the transferred plasma arc and is an extremely uniform, swirling flow. A swirl ring is located in the secondary gas flow path at the exit point. A prechamber feeds gas to the swirl ring, which is in turn fed through a flow restricting orifice. For certain applications the secondary gas is a mixture of an oxidizing gas, preferably oxygen, and a non-oxidizing gas, preferably nitrogen, in a flow ratio of oxygen to nitrogen in the range of 2:3 to 9:1. Preferably the flow ratio is about 2:1. A network of conduits and solenoid valves operated under the control of a central microprocessor regulates the flows of plasma gas and secondary gas and mixes the secondary gas. The network includes valved parallel branches that provide a quick charge capability and a set of venting valves, also electrically actuated by the microprocessor, to provide a quick discharge. In a preferred high-definition embodiment, a nozzle with a cut back outer surface and a large, conical head allows a metal seal and enhanced cooling. A two-piece cap protects the nozzle during cutting.

8. 发明授权

US5166494A Process and apparatus for reducing electrode wear in a plasma arc torch 失效
标题翻译：用于减少等离子弧焊机中电极磨损的工艺和装置
公开(公告)号：US5166494A
公开(公告)日：1992-11-24
申请号：US682992
申请日：1991-04-12
申请人： Lifeng Luo , Nicholas A. Sanders , Richard W. Couch, Jr.
发明人： Lifeng Luo , Nicholas A. Sanders , Richard W. Couch, Jr.
IPC分类号： B23K10/00 , H05H1/34
CPC分类号： H05H1/341 , B23K10/00 , B23K10/006 , H05H2001/3421 , H05H2001/3426 , H05H2001/3442 , H05H2001/3457 , H05H2001/3468 , H05H2001/3478 , H05H2001/3494
摘要： A process and apparatus for reducing wear of an electrode in a plasma arc torch involves altering the gas flow in a plasma chamber surrounding the electrode immediately before and continuing after cutting of the current that sustains the arc. The altering includes closing off the gas flow upstream of the chamber, switching from a swirling flow to a radial/axial flow through the plasma chamber, reducing the arc current level in conjunction with either of the above, the venting the plasma chamber to rapidly change the gas flow and pressure in the chamber. The interval is sufficient to reduce electrode wear, but short enough that the arc remains stabilized until cut-off. In the flow stop mode, a solenoid valve is placed on an inlet tube for the plasma gas. Flow altering also occurs on start up. A gas preflow is established prior to pilot arc ignition. On transfer, the flow increases to its full operating value in conjunction with an increase in the arc current. The preflow can be axial, or partially axial. Also, the type or composition of the gas used in the preflow and in the operating flow can change during the start up from a less reactive to more reactive gas.
摘要翻译：用于减少等离子体电弧炬中的电极磨损的方法和装置包括在切割维持电弧的电流之前改变围绕电极的等离子体室中的气体流动并继续。改变包括关闭室上游的气流，从旋转流切换到穿过等离子体室的径向/轴向流动，与上述任一结合，减小电弧电流水平，使等离子体室排气以快速变化气室内的气流和压力。该间隔足以减少电极磨损，但足够短以使电弧保持稳定直到截止。在流动停止模式中，电磁阀被放置在等离子体气体的入口管上。启动时也会发生流量变化。在引燃电弧点火之前建立气体预流。在转移时，随着电弧电流的增加，流量增加到其全部运行值。预流可以是轴向的或部分轴向的。此外，在预热和操作流程中使用的气体的类型或组成可以在启动期间从较少的反应性到更多的反应性气体改变。

9. 发明授权

US5317126A Nozzle and method of operation for a plasma arc torch 失效
标题翻译：等离子弧焊枪的喷嘴和操作方法
公开(公告)号：US5317126A
公开(公告)日：1994-05-31
申请号：US820278
申请日：1992-01-14
申请人： Richard W. Couch, Jr. , Nicholas A. Sanders , Lifeng Luo , John Sobr , Patrik Backander
发明人： Richard W. Couch, Jr. , Nicholas A. Sanders , Lifeng Luo , John Sobr , Patrik Backander
IPC分类号： B23K10/00 , H05H1/34 , B23K9/00
CPC分类号： H05H1/34 , H05H2001/3421 , H05H2001/3436 , H05H2001/3442 , H05H2001/3457 , H05H2001/3468
摘要： In a plasma arc cutting torch a flow of plasma gas is bypassed out of a plasma chamber, preferably at an annular gap between a pre-orifice in an inner nozzle piece and an exit nozzle orifice in an outer nozzle piece. A bypass channel formed between the inner and outer nozzle pieces directs the bypass flow to atmosphere. A metering valve or restricting orifice remote from the gap controls the amount of the bypass flow and delays the response of changes in the flow parameters in the plasma chamber to changes in the bypass flow. The pre-orifice and nozzle orifice are positioned and dimensioned to optimize the mass flow velocity and the strength of a vortex-type flow at the pre-orifice, thereby creating a virtual nozzle immediately below the electrode. The gas flow in the plasma chamber is highly uniform and very steady.
摘要翻译：在等离子体电弧割炬中，等离子体气体流被等离子体室旁路，优选地在内喷嘴件中的预孔和外喷嘴件中的出口喷嘴孔之间的环形间隙处。形成在内部和外部喷嘴之间的旁通通道将旁路流引导到大气中。远离间隙的计量阀或限制孔控制旁路流量，并延迟等离子体腔室中的流量参数变化对旁路流量变化的响应。预孔和喷嘴孔的定位和尺寸设计以优化质量流速和在预孔处的涡流型流的强度，从而在电极正下方形成虚拟喷嘴。等离子体室中的气流非常均匀，非常稳定。

10. 发明授权

US5070227A Proceses and apparatus for reducing electrode wear in a plasma arc torch 失效
标题翻译：用于减少等离子弧焊机中电极磨损的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US5070227A
公开(公告)日：1991-12-03
申请号：US513780
申请日：1990-04-24
申请人： Lifeng Luo , Nicholas A. Sanders , Richard W. Couch, Jr.
发明人： Lifeng Luo , Nicholas A. Sanders , Richard W. Couch, Jr.
IPC分类号： B23K10/00 , H05H1/34
CPC分类号： H05H1/341 , B23K10/006 , H05H2001/3421 , H05H2001/3426 , H05H2001/3442 , H05H2001/3468 , H05H2001/3478 , H05H2001/3494
摘要： A process and apparatus for reducing wear of an electrode in a plasma arc torch involves altering the gas flow in a plasma chamber surrounding the electrode immediately before and continuing after cutting of the current that sustains the arc. The altering includes closing off the gas flow upstream of the chamber, switching from a swirling flow to a radial/axial flow through the plasma chamber, reducing the arc current level in conjunction with either of the above, and venting the plasma chamber to rapidly change the gas flow and pressure in the chamber. The interval is sufficient to reduce electrode wear, but short enough that the arc remains stabilized until cut-off. In the flow stop mode, a solenoid valve is placed on an inlet tube for the plasma gas. For venting, a vent tube and another solenoid valve are added to the torch. In the flow pattern switching mode, two independent gas supply lines with control valves feed separate sets of gas inlets to the plasma chamber, one set producing a swirling flow and the other set producing a radial then axial flow.
摘要翻译：用于减少等离子体电弧炬中的电极磨损的方法和装置包括在切割维持电弧的电流之前改变围绕电极的等离子体室中的气体流动并继续。改变包括关闭室上游的气体流动，从旋转流转换到穿过等离子体室的径向/轴向流动，与上述任何一个相结合地减小电弧电流水平，并且使等离子体室排气以迅速改变气室内的气流和压力。该间隔足以减少电极磨损，但足够短以使电弧保持稳定直到截止。在流动停止模式中，电磁阀被放置在等离子体气体的入口管上。为了排气，通风管和另一个电磁阀被添加到割炬。在流动模式切换模式中，具有控制阀的两个独立的气体供应管路将等离子体室的分离的气体入口组合起来，一组产生旋流，另一组产生径向然后的轴向流。

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