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1. 发明授权

US4871961A Method of controlling the supply of power to electrical loads with a minimum of switching surges 失效
标题翻译：以最小的开关电流来控制向电力负载供电的方法
公开(公告)号：US4871961A
公开(公告)日：1989-10-03
申请号：US225339
申请日：1988-07-28
申请人： Reinhard Kersten , Karl J. Kuhlmorgen , Egbert Kuhl
发明人： Reinhard Kersten , Karl J. Kuhlmorgen , Egbert Kuhl
IPC分类号： G05F1/45 , H02J3/00 , H03K17/16 , H03K17/725 , H05B3/00
CPC分类号： H03K17/725 , H03K17/16 , Y10T307/477
摘要： A method of controlling the supply of power to electrical loads with a minimum of switching surges in which the loads are each electrically subdivided into at least two equal subloads. The subloads of each load can be connected each time arbitrarily in at least three main power stages to an A.C. mains. In order to obtain a minimum switching surge effect on the A.C. mains while providing finer power control six additional intermediate power stages are provided, in which starting from one of the three main power stages, the subloads are switched in a continuously repeated cycle of six A.C. half waves in the first intermediate power stages during the third and sixth half waves in each cycle and in the second intermediate power stages additionally during the second and fifth half waves each time to the next lower main power stage, which in the case of a series arrangement is that in which the power consumption is switched off.
摘要翻译：一种控制电力供应的方法，其中最小的开关浪涌，其中负载各自电分为至少两个相等的子负载。每个负载的子载荷可以在至少三个主功率级中任意地连接到交流电源。为了在提供更精细的功率控制的同时，在AC电源上获得最小的开关浪涌效应，提供六个额外的中间功率级，其中从三个主功率级中的一个开始，子负载以六个AC的连续重复循环在每个周期中的第三和第六半波期间的第一中间功率级中的半波和在第二中间功率级中的第二和第五半波中的半波每次都到下一个较低的主功率级，在一系列的情况下排除电力消耗的情况。

2. 发明授权

US4134388A Solar collector comprising a U-shaped absorber 失效
标题翻译：太阳能收集器包括U形吸收体
公开(公告)号：US4134388A
公开(公告)日：1979-01-16
申请号：US689945
申请日：1976-05-25
申请人： Reinhard Kersten , Egbert Kuhl
发明人： Reinhard Kersten , Egbert Kuhl
IPC分类号： F24S10/70 , F24S10/40 , F24S23/70 , F24J3/02
CPC分类号： F24J2/055 , Y02E10/44 , Y10S126/908
摘要： A solar collector comprising a U-shaped absorber sealed in an evacuated cover tube provided with a semi-cylindrical reflector on its inner surface, the U-shaped absorber being arranged between the cover tube axis and the reflector, with the central plane of the U-shaped absorber including the center lines of its legs and coinciding with the symmetry plane of the reflector.
摘要翻译：一种太阳能收集器，包括密封在其内表面上设置有半圆柱形反射器的抽真空盖管中的U形吸收器，U形吸收器布置在盖管轴线和反射器之间，其中心平面形状的吸收器，包括其腿部的中心线并与反射器的对称平面重合。

3. 发明授权

US4829159A Method of optimizing control of plural switched electric loads to reduce switching transients 失效
标题翻译：优化多个开关电负载的控制以减少开关瞬变的方法
公开(公告)号：US4829159A
公开(公告)日：1989-05-09
申请号：US927788
申请日：1986-11-05
申请人： Walter Braun , Reinhard Kersten , Egbert Kuhl
发明人： Walter Braun , Reinhard Kersten , Egbert Kuhl
IPC分类号： G05F1/00 , G05D23/19 , H02J3/14 , H03K17/296
CPC分类号： H02J3/14 , G05D23/1913 , Y02B70/3225 , Y02B70/3275 , Y04S20/222 , Y04S20/244 , Y10T307/461 , Y10T307/484
摘要： A method of controlling several clocked loads controllable individually and independently of each other, more particularly heating loads of an electric oven, for minimizing the demand on an alternating current mains due to switching transients. More particularly, the loads are energized in sequence to prevent flickering when the loads are coupled to a common phase of the alternating current mains are switched on each time at the beginning of their clock period. The clock periods of the various loads are of equal length. All loads neither switched off nor switched to full power in a switching cycle are connected to the mains so as to be interlinked in time in a manner such that, when the preceding load is switched off, the next load is switched on. Such a switching cycle is started again each time at the beginning of a common clock period independently of the length of the switching cycle.
摘要翻译：控制多个时钟负载的方法可以彼此独立地并且彼此独立地控制，更具体地说是电加热炉的加热负载，用于最小化由于切换瞬变而导致的交流电源的需求。更具体地，负载依次通电，以防止当负载耦合到交流电源的公共相位时在其时钟周期开始时每次被切换时的闪烁。各种负载的时钟周期长度相等。所有在开关周期内既不关断也不切换到全功率的负载被连接到电源，以便在时间上互连，使得当前一个负载被切断时，下一个负载被接通。每当在公共时钟周期开始时，每次都切换循环，独立于切换周期的长度。

4. 发明授权

US4714822A Cooker with means for automatically controlling the heating of a pan with food material 失效
标题翻译：具有用于通过食物自动控制盘的加热的烹调器
公开(公告)号：US4714822A
公开(公告)日：1987-12-22
申请号：US846672
申请日：1986-03-31
申请人： Walter Braun , Reinhard Kersten , Egbert Kuhl
发明人： Walter Braun , Reinhard Kersten , Egbert Kuhl
IPC分类号： H05B1/02 , H05B3/68 , H05B3/74
CPC分类号： H05B1/0266 , H05B3/68 , H05B3/74 , H05B2213/07
摘要： Cooker automatically controlling the heating process when bringing a food material to the boil on an electric hotplate and preventing it from boiling over at the end of the heating process. At the beginning of the heating process the power supplied to an electric hotplate can be set to a constant value which can be selected. A microprocessor continuously determines the rise in the temperature of the base of the pan as a function of time. At a pan-base temperature above about 70.degree. C. the actual value of the rise in temperature is compared with a present desired value and when deviations occur the heating power is switched over so as to approximate the actual value of the rise in temperature to the desired value. At a pan-base temperature above about 90.degree. C. a bending point in the temperature rise of the pan base is reached after which the heating power is switched off.
摘要翻译：当将食物材料在电热板上沸腾并防止其在加热过程结束时沸腾时，烹饪器自动控制加热过程。在加热开始时，供给电加热板的功率可以设定为可以选择的一定值。微处理器根据时间连续地确定锅底的温度上升。在锅底温度高于约70℃时，将温度上升的实际值与当前期望值进行比较，并且当发生偏差时，切换加热功率，以将温度升高的实际值近似为所需的值。在泛碱温度高于约90℃时，达到锅底温度升高的弯曲点，然后关闭加热功率。

5. 发明授权

US4705991A Method of operating a high-pressure metal vapor discharge lamp and circuit arrangement for carrying out this method 失效
标题翻译：操作高压金属蒸汽放电灯的方法和执行该方法的电路装置
公开(公告)号：US4705991A
公开(公告)日：1987-11-10
申请号：US382735
申请日：1982-05-27
申请人： Hans G. Ganser , Reinhard Kersten , Rolf Schafer , Hans P. Stormberg
发明人： Hans G. Ganser , Reinhard Kersten , Rolf Schafer , Hans P. Stormberg
IPC分类号： H05B41/292 , H05B37/02
CPC分类号： H05B41/2928 , Y02B20/208
摘要： A method of operating a high-pressure metal vapor discharge lamp at a periodic operating voltage of more than 500 Hz wherein the operating voltage is suddenly varied in phase at intervals, and preferably also wobbled in frequency, in order to avoid acoustic resonances in the lamp.
摘要翻译：在高于500Hz的周期性工作电压下操作高压金属蒸汽放电灯的方法，其中工作电压以相同的间隔突然变化，并且优选地也在频率上摆动，以避免灯中的声共振。

6. 发明授权

US5919385A Cooking apparatus 失效
标题翻译：烹饪器具
公开(公告)号：US5919385A
公开(公告)日：1999-07-06
申请号：US585007
申请日：1996-01-11
申请人： Reinhard Kersten , Heinz Korver
发明人： Reinhard Kersten , Heinz Korver
IPC分类号： A47J37/06 , H05B3/74 , H05B3/68
CPC分类号： H05B3/744 , H05B2213/07
摘要： A cooking apparatus comprises a glass-ceramic plate, at least one heat radiator arranged underneath the plate, at least one sensor arranged underneath the plate in an area which is shielded from the heat radiation, for measuring the temperature in this area, and a device for controlling the heating power in dependence upon signals supplied by the sensor. A simple and reliable method of measuring the temperature of the bottom of the cooking vessel can be obtained when, in the cooking apparatus the heat radiator is a halogen lamp system and the hotplate is a ceramic plate which is highly transparent to halogen-lamp radiation and has a degree of absorption of approximately .ltoreq.40%, the sensor engages against the underside of the ceramic plate, and the control device comprises an element for selecting a nominal.
摘要翻译：一种烹饪设备包括玻璃陶瓷板，布置在板下方的至少一个散热器，布置在板下方的至少一个传感器，该传感器布置在与热辐射屏蔽的区域中，用于测量该区域中的温度，以及设备用于根据由传感器提供的信号来控制加热功率。当在烹饪设备中，散热器是卤素灯系统，并且电热板是对卤素灯辐射高度透明的陶瓷板时，可以获得测量烹饪容器底部温度的简单可靠的方法，具有约

7. 发明授权

US5522307A Device for controlling the boiling power of a water-containing vessel 失效
标题翻译：用于控制含水容器的沸腾功率的装置
公开(公告)号：US5522307A
公开(公告)日：1996-06-04
申请号：US291216
申请日：1994-08-16
申请人： Reinhard Kersten , Klaus Klinkenberg
发明人： Reinhard Kersten , Klaus Klinkenberg
IPC分类号： A47J27/04 , A47J27/16 , A47J27/62 , F24C15/10 , G05D23/275 , A21B1/08
CPC分类号： A47J27/62 , F24C15/106 , G05D23/27543
摘要： The invention provides a method of controlling the boiling power for a water-containing vessel (10) which can be heated by a cook-top (11), for example a light cook-top, the amount of water evaporating at atmospheric pressure being sufficient to maintain an air-steam interface such that any residual air is expelled from the vessel (10) by an automatically controlled supply of heating power (12).
摘要翻译：本发明提供了一种控制含水容器（10）的沸腾功率的方法，该容器（10）可通过炉顶（11）加热，例如轻锅顶部，在大气压力下蒸发的水量足够以保持空气 - 蒸汽界面，使得任何残留的空气通过自动控制的加热功率供应（12）从容器（10）排出。

8. 发明授权

US6028421A Method for low-transient power control of electrical loads and electrical heating apparatus 失效
标题翻译：电力负载和电加热装置的低瞬态功率控制方法
公开(公告)号：US6028421A
公开(公告)日：2000-02-22
申请号：US143841
申请日：1998-08-31
申请人： Reinhard Kersten , Albrecht Griesshammer
发明人： Reinhard Kersten , Albrecht Griesshammer
IPC分类号： H05B3/00 , H02M1/08 , H05B1/00 , H05B1/02 , H05B3/74 , G05F1/44
CPC分类号： H05B1/0208 , H05B1/00 , H05B1/02 , H05B3/74 , H05B3/744 , H05B3/746
摘要： A method for the low-transient power control of electrical loads, particularly temperature-dependent loads electrically divided into essentially equal sub-loads connectable to an a.c. mains in order to receive power. Power control at low power levels utilizes alternately power-off phases, in which none of the sub-loads receive power for at least three a.c. half-waves, and heating phases, in which a temporal concatenation of at least a first and a second basic cycle of three a.c. half-waves supply power to each one of the sub-loads. The first sub-load receives power during one half-wave of the first basic cycle and the second sub-load receives power during one half-wave of the second basic cycle. The power is turned off during the other two half-waves of the first and the second basic cycle. Also disclosed is an electrical heating apparatus which embodies this method.
摘要翻译：一种用于电负载的低瞬态功率控制的方法，特别是依赖于温度的负载，电分为基本相等的子负载，可连接到交流电。电源以接收电力。在低功率电平下的功率控制采用交替关断阶段，其中没有一个子负载接收至少三个直流电的功率。半波和加热阶段，其中至少具有三个交流的第一和第二基本循环的时间级联。半波供电给每个子负载。第一子负载在第一基本周期的一个半波期间接收功率，而第二子负载在第二基本周期的一个半波期间接收功率。在第一和第二基本周期的另外两个半波期间，电源被关闭。还公开了体现该方法的电加热装置。

9. 发明授权

US5410129A Arrangement for controlling the heating power for a cooking vessel 失效
标题翻译：用于控制烹饪容器的加热功率的布置
公开(公告)号：US5410129A
公开(公告)日：1995-04-25
申请号：US969919
申请日：1992-11-02
申请人： Reinhard Kersten , Klaus Klinkenberg , Martin Sonnek
发明人： Reinhard Kersten , Klaus Klinkenberg , Martin Sonnek
IPC分类号： F24C7/02 , A47J27/62 , F24C15/10 , H05B6/68 , H05B1/02
CPC分类号： A47J27/62 , F24C15/106
摘要： In accordance with the invention an arrangement for controlling the heating power for a vessel (10) which can be heated by a cook-top (11), for example a light cook-top, by means of a sensor-controlled electronic device (19) can perform more functions in thatat least one (cooking-substance) sensor (18) is associated with the vessel (10) to detect the temperature of the foodstuffs (17, 15),the vessel (10) only communicates with the ambient air via a measurement tube (13) in which a (steam) sensor (20) and, optionally, a steam sensor (21) are arranged to detect the steam point of a liquid (14) present in the vessel, andall the sensors (18, 20, 21) are connected to the electronic device (19) and can be combined with one another via the electronic device.
摘要翻译：根据本发明，一种用于控制容器（10）的加热功率的装置，其可以通过传感器控制的电子装置（19）由厨房顶部（11）加热，例如光煮锅顶部）可以执行更多的功能，因为至少一个（烹饪物质）传感器（18）与容器（10）相关联，以检测食品（17,15）的温度，容器（10）仅与环境通过测量管（13）的空气，其中布置有（蒸汽）传感器（20）和可选的蒸汽传感器（21）以检测容器中存在的液体（14）的蒸汽点，以及所有传感器（18,20,21）连接到电子设备（19），并且可以经由电子设备彼此组合。

10. 发明授权

US4866327A Gas discharge lamp with microporous aerogel 失效
标题翻译：气体放电灯带微孔气凝胶
公开(公告)号：US4866327A
公开(公告)日：1989-09-12
申请号：US148799
申请日：1988-01-27
申请人： Hanns E. Fischer , Horst Horster , Reinhard Kersten , Joseph G. Van Lierop
发明人： Hanns E. Fischer , Horst Horster , Reinhard Kersten , Joseph G. Van Lierop
IPC分类号： H01J61/30 , H01J61/34 , H01J61/52
CPC分类号： H01J61/52 , H01J61/34
摘要： In a gas discharge lamp having a discharge vessel containing an ionizable gas filling and consisting of a translucent material, which is surrounded at a certain distance by a translucent outer bulb, the discharge vessel has a thermally insulating translucent envelope of a microporous aerogel.
摘要翻译：在具有放电容器的气体放电灯中，放电容器具有由可透过气体填充的放电容器，并由半透明材料组成，半透明材料由半透明的外灯泡围绕在一定距离处，放电容器具有微孔气凝胶的隔热半透明封套。

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