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1. 发明授权

US5664099A Method and apparatus for establishing a protected channel between a user and a computer system 失效
标题翻译：用于在用户和计算机系统之间建立受保护信道的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US5664099A
公开(公告)日：1997-09-02
申请号：US579744
申请日：1995-12-28
申请人： Raymond E. Ozzie , Eric M. Patey , Charles W. Kaufman , Steven R. Beckhardt
发明人： Raymond E. Ozzie , Eric M. Patey , Charles W. Kaufman , Steven R. Beckhardt
IPC分类号： G06F21/00 , H04L9/32
CPC分类号： G06F21/36 , G06F21/44 , G06F21/82 , G06F2211/007
摘要： In order to establish a protected channel between a user and a software program running on a computer system, a graphic display unique to the user is displayed along with the normal information entry graphics. A foreign program which might duplicate the overall appearance of the entry graphics cannot display the unique visual display which would appear on the legitimate entry screen of a particular user. Thus, a user looking at his entry screen can tell by the visual display whether the entry screen has been generated by a legitimate program or by a foreign impostor program. Further, since it might be possible for an unauthorized person to surreptitiously observe the unique display pattern on the entry screen of an authorized user, to increase security, a program constructed according to the principles of the invention, changes the visual display as information is entered based on the partially entered information. Thus, even if an unauthorized person should oversee the entry of the information by an authorized user, memorize the display and incorporate the display in an impostor program, the impostor program would be unable to duplicate the sequence of visual displays which occurs during the entry of the information because the information itself is unknown.
摘要翻译：为了在用户和在计算机系统上运行的软件程序之间建立受保护的信道，显示与用户唯一的图形显示以及普通的信息输入图形。可能复制入口图形的整体外观的外部程序不能显示出现在特定用户的合法入口屏幕上的唯一视觉显示。因此，看着他的输入屏幕的用户可以通过视觉显示来判断输入屏幕是否由合法程序或外部冒名顶替程序产生。此外，由于未经授权的人可能秘密地观察授权用户的入口屏幕上的唯一显示图案，为了增加安全性，根据本发明的原理构造的程序在输入信息时改变视觉显示基于部分输入的信息。因此，即使未经授权的人员应该由授权用户监督信息的输入，记住显示并将显示内容合并到冒名顶替程序中，冒名顶替程序将无法复制在进入期间发生的视觉显示序列信息因为信息本身是未知的。

2. 发明授权

US06178508B1 System for controlling access to encrypted data files by a plurality of users 失效
标题翻译：用于控制多个用户对加密数据文件的访问的系统
公开(公告)号：US06178508B1
公开(公告)日：2001-01-23
申请号：US09031150
申请日：1998-02-26
申请人： Charles W. Kaufman
发明人： Charles W. Kaufman
IPC分类号： H04L932
CPC分类号： G06F21/40 , G06F21/6209 , G06F21/6218 , G06F21/6227 , G06F2221/2107
摘要： A system in which an encrypted data file can be protected, accessed, and maintained by a plurality of users using cryptographically hashed passwords. The system provides for the creation in memory for each authorized user of a cryptographically hashed password as an entry in an unencrypted header file. The system compares an authorized user's cryptographically hashed password against a corresponding set of cryptographically hashed passwords in memory to determine whether the user is allowed access to the protected data file. The passwords are cryptographically one-way hashed with a “salt” value in such a way as to make reconstruction of original passwords by an unintended party virtually impossible, because the passwords never exist in memory in an unhashed state. Furthermore, the passwords are cryptographically “one-way” hashed so as not to be reconstructible. Upon successful authorization of a user, based on successful comparison of the user's hashed password with those in memory, the user gains access to the encrypted data file.
摘要翻译：可以由多个用户使用加密散列密码来保护，访问和维护加密数据文件的系统。系统提供在密码散列密码的每个授权用户的内存中创建一个未加密的头文件中的条目。该系统将授权用户的密码散列密码与存储器中相应的密码散列密码集进行比较，以确定用户是否被允许访问受保护的数据文件。这些密码是密码单向散列的，具有“盐”值，使得由非意图方重建原始密码实际上是不可能的，因为密码从不存在于内存中。此外，密码是加密的“单向”散列，以便不可重构。在用户成功授权之后，基于用户的散列密码与存储器中的哈希密码的成功比较，用户获得对加密数据文件的访问。

3. 发明授权

US5650095A Process for preparing copper pyrithione 失效
标题翻译：制备吡啶硫酮铜的方法
公开(公告)号：US5650095A
公开(公告)日：1997-07-22
申请号：US589443
申请日：1996-01-22
申请人： Saeed M. Hosseini , Charles W. Kaufman , Patrick Hobbs , John J. Jardas , Murray A. Ruggiero , Shoaib Arif
发明人： Saeed M. Hosseini , Charles W. Kaufman , Patrick Hobbs , John J. Jardas , Murray A. Ruggiero , Shoaib Arif
IPC分类号： B01F3/08 , A01N43/40 , A01N55/02 , B01F17/12 , B01F17/38 , B01J13/00 , C07D213/89 , C07F1/08
CPC分类号： C07D213/89 , Y10S514/937
摘要： The present invention relates to a process for producing a gel-free dispersion or solution of copper pyrithione employing at least one surfactant. Also claimed is the dispersion or solution itself, as well as a solid particulate copper pyrithione composition comprising copper pyrithione particles having a particle shape selected from the group consisting of rods, spheres, needles, platelets and combinations thereof, and optionally containing at least a trace amount of a surfactant on the outer surface of at least a portion of said particles.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及使用至少一种表面活性剂制备无凝胶的分散液或吡啶硫酮铜溶液的方法。还要求的是分散体或溶液本身，以及包含具有选自杆，球，针，血小板及其组合的颗粒形状的吡啶硫酮铜颗粒的固体颗粒状铜吡啶硫酮组合物，并且任选地至少含有痕量在所述颗粒的至少一部分的外表面上的表面活性剂的量。

4. 发明授权

US5261002A Method of issuance and revocation of certificates of authenticity used in public key networks and other systems 失效
标题翻译：发布和撤销公钥网络等系统中使用的真实性证书的方法
公开(公告)号：US5261002A
公开(公告)日：1993-11-09
申请号：US850593
申请日：1992-03-13
申请人： Radia J. Perlman , Charles W. Kaufman
发明人： Radia J. Perlman , Charles W. Kaufman
IPC分类号： G07F7/10 , H04L9/32 , H04L9/30
CPC分类号： G07F7/1016 , H04L9/3263
摘要： A technique for issuing and revoking user certificates of authenticity in a public key cryptography system, wherein certificates do not need expiration dates, and the inconvenience and overhead associated with routine certificate renewals are minimized or avoided entirely. A Certification Authority issues certificates as required, and issues a blacklist having a start date, an expiration date, and an entry for every invalid certificate issued after the start date. Users assume that every certificate issued prior to the blacklist start date is invalid, and that invalid certificates issued after the start date will be included in the current blacklist. A new blacklist is issued prior to expiration of the current one, and the blacklist start date is changed only when the blacklist becomes unmanageably long.
摘要翻译：一种在公共密钥加密系统中发布和撤销用户证书的真实性的技术，其中证书不需要过期日期，并且与常规证书更新相关联的不便和开销被最小化或完全避免。证书颁发机构根据需要颁发证书，并发出黑名单，具有开始日期，到期日期和开始日期之后发出的每个无效证书的条目。用户假设在黑名单开始日期之前发出的每个证书无效，并且在开始日期之后发出的无效证书将被包含在当前的黑名单中。在当前黑名单到期之前发出新的黑名单，黑名单开始日期只有在黑名单变得难以控制的时候才会改变。

5. 发明授权

US08709460B2 Chemical method of making a suspension, emulsion or dispersion of pyrithione particles 有权
标题翻译：制备吡啶硫酮颗粒的悬浮液，乳液或分散体的化学方法
公开(公告)号：US08709460B2
公开(公告)日：2014-04-29
申请号：US12386846
申请日：2009-04-23
申请人： Saeed M. Mohseni , Charles W. Kaufman , David C. Beaty , John J. Jardas , George Polson
发明人： Saeed M. Mohseni , Charles W. Kaufman , David C. Beaty , John J. Jardas , George Polson
IPC分类号： A01N25/12
CPC分类号： B01J13/02 , A61K8/044 , A61K8/466 , A61K8/4933 , A61Q5/006 , A61Q5/02 , Y10S514/96 , Y10S514/97 , Y10S977/926
摘要： A method for producing a suspension, emulsion or dispersion of de-agglomerated particles (advantageously submicron-sized particles) of pyrithione salts comprising contacting agglomerated pyrithione salt particles with a de-agglomerating agent to produce the desired de-agglomerated pyrithione salt particles. Also disclosed is a method for making de-agglomerated submicron-sized particles of pyrithione salts comprising a heating step. Also disclosed are the particles made by the above methods and compositions comprising the particles and a base medium.
摘要翻译：制备吡啶硫酮盐的去附聚颗粒（有利地亚微米尺寸的颗粒）的悬浮液，乳液或分散体的方法，包括使附聚的吡硫硫酮盐颗粒与去附聚剂接触，以产生所需的去附聚的吡啶硫酮盐颗粒。还公开了一种制备包含加热步骤的吡啶硫酮盐的去聚集亚微米尺寸颗粒的方法。还公开了通过上述方法制备的颗粒和包含颗粒和基础介质的组合物。

6. 发明授权

US07669058B2 Secure remote password validation 失效
标题翻译：安全远程密码验证
公开(公告)号：US07669058B2
公开(公告)日：2010-02-23
申请号：US10915044
申请日：2004-08-10
申请人： Mark A. Champine , Charles W. Kaufman
发明人： Mark A. Champine , Charles W. Kaufman
IPC分类号： G06F21/00
CPC分类号： H04L63/083 , G06F21/31 , H04L9/0866 , H04L9/088 , H04L9/3226 , H04L9/3236 , H04L63/123
摘要： A method, system and apparatus for secure password validation can include a local authentication process configured for coupling both to local authentication data and to a remote authentication process. The system also can include a comparator disposed in the local authentication process and programmed to detect an extended password string in the local authentication data. Finally, the system can include a remote authentication handler disposed in the local authentication process and programmed to outsource password validation to the remote authentication process responsive to the comparator detecting an extended password string retrieved for a supplied user identifier. Preferably, the remote authentication handler can be a remote procedure call to the remote authentication process.
摘要翻译：用于安全密码验证的方法，系统和装置可以包括配置为将本地认证数据和远程认证过程耦合的本地认证过程。该系统还可以包括设置在本地认证过程中的比较器，并被编程以检测本地认证数据中的扩展密码字符串。最后，系统可以包括设置在本地认证过程中的远程认证处理器，并且被编程为响应于比较器检测到针对所提供的用户标识符检索的扩展密码字符串来将密码验证外包给远程认证过程。优选地，远程认证处理程序可以是远程认证过程的远程过程调用。

7. 发明申请

US20090007247A1 DOMAIN ID SERVICE 失效
标题翻译：域名服务
公开(公告)号：US20090007247A1
公开(公告)日：2009-01-01
申请号：US11770677
申请日：2007-06-28
申请人： Carl M. Ellison , Paul J. Leach , Butler W. Lampson , Melissa W. Dunn , Ravindra N. Pandya , Charles W. Kaufman
发明人： Carl M. Ellison , Paul J. Leach , Butler W. Lampson , Melissa W. Dunn , Ravindra N. Pandya , Charles W. Kaufman
IPC分类号： G06F21/20 , H04L9/32
CPC分类号： H04L63/145 , G06F21/445 , G06F2221/2115 , G06F2221/2129 , H04L9/0891 , H04L63/0442 , H04L63/0823
摘要： The subject disclosure pertains to a domain identification system, comprising a principal that has a key and a mnemonically meaningless identifier, the mnemonically meaningless identifier is used to identify the component in a networked environment. The mnemonically meaningless identifier can be bound to the public key by a binding. The component may be part of a neighborhood of components, and each member component knows the members' binding.
摘要翻译：主题公开涉及域识别系统，其包括具有密钥和经验无意义的标识符的主体，用于识别网络环境中的组件的经典无意义的标识符。可以通过绑定将符号无意义的标识符绑定到公钥。组件可以是组件邻域的一部分，并且每个成员组件都知道成员的绑定。

8. 发明授权

US06242007B1 Non-spherical and non-platelet forms of pyrithione salts and methods of making same 有权
标题翻译：非球形和非血小板形式的吡啶硫酮盐及其制备方法
公开(公告)号：US06242007B1
公开(公告)日：2001-06-05
申请号：US09410687
申请日：1999-10-01
申请人： Saeed H. Mohseni , John J. Jardas , George Polson , David C. Beaty , Charles W. Kaufman
发明人： Saeed H. Mohseni , John J. Jardas , George Polson , David C. Beaty , Charles W. Kaufman
IPC分类号： A61K706
CPC分类号： A61Q19/00 , A01N43/40 , A61K8/02 , A61K8/4933 , A61K31/44 , A61K2800/412 , A61Q5/006 , A61Q5/02 , C07D213/89 , A01N2300/00
摘要： The present invention relates to non-spherical and/or non-platelet pyrithione particles. Also disclosed is a method for producing non-spherical and/or non-platelet particles of pyrithione salts, comprising reacting pyrithione acid or a water-soluble salt of pyrithione and a water-soluble polyvalent metal salt in the presence of an ionic surfactant composition at temperature from about 20° C. to about 60° C. and at a pH from 4-9 to produce non-spherical and/or non-platelet particles of pyrithione salts. The present invention further relates to particles made by the above methods and products, such as shampoos, soaps, and skin-care medicaments made using these particles.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及非球形和/或非血小板吡啶硫酮颗粒。还公开了一种用于生产吡啶硫酮盐的非球形和/或非血小板颗粒的方法，包括在离子表面活性剂组合物存在下使吡啶硫酮酸或吡啶硫酮的水溶性盐与水溶性多价金属盐反应温度为约20℃至约60℃，pH为4-9，以产生吡啶硫酮盐的非球形和/或非血小板颗粒。本发明还涉及通过上述方法制成的颗粒，以及使用这些颗粒制成的洗发剂，肥皂和护肤品等产品。

9. 发明授权

US6017562A Non-spherical and non-platelet crystalline forms of pyrithione salts 失效
标题翻译：吡啶硫酮盐的非球形和非血小板结晶形式
公开(公告)号：US6017562A
公开(公告)日：2000-01-25
申请号：US025665
申请日：1998-02-18
申请人： Charles W. Kaufman , Saeed H. Mohseni , John J. Jardas , George A. Polson , David C. Beaty
发明人： Charles W. Kaufman , Saeed H. Mohseni , John J. Jardas , George A. Polson , David C. Beaty
IPC分类号： A01N43/40 , A61K8/00 , A61K8/02 , A61K8/20 , A61K8/23 , A61K8/36 , A61K8/46 , A61K8/49 , A61K8/58 , A61K9/14 , A61K31/44 , A61Q5/00 , A61Q5/02 , A61Q19/00 , C07D213/89 , A61K7/06 , A01N55/02
CPC分类号： C07D213/89 , A01N43/40 , A61K31/44 , A61K8/02 , A61K8/4933 , A61Q19/00 , A61Q5/02 , A61K2800/412 , A61Q5/006 , Y10S514/937
摘要： The present invention relates to non-spherical and/or non-platelet pyrithione particles. Also disclosed is a method for producing non-spherical and/or non-platelet particles of pyrithione salts, comprising reacting pyrithione or a water-soluble salt of pyrithione and a water-soluble polyvalent metal salt in the presence of a dispersant at a temperature from about 20.degree. C. to about 60.degree. C. to produce non-spherical and/or non-platelet particles of pyrithione salts. The present invention further relates to particles made by the above methods and products, such as shampoos, soaps, and skin-care medicaments made using these particles.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及非球形和/或非血小板吡啶硫酮颗粒。还公开了一种用于生产吡啶硫酮盐的非球形和/或非血小板颗粒的方法，包括在分散剂存在下，使吡啶硫酮或吡啶硫酮的水溶性盐和水溶性多价金属盐在约20℃至约60℃，以产生吡啶硫酮盐的非球形和/或非血小板颗粒。本发明还涉及通过上述方法制成的颗粒，以及使用这些颗粒制成的洗发剂，肥皂和护肤品等产品。

10. 发明授权

US5373559A System for increasing the difficulty of password guessing attacks in a distributed authentication scheme employing authentication tokens 失效
标题翻译：在采用认证令牌的分布式认证方案中增加密码猜测攻击难度的系统
公开(公告)号：US5373559A
公开(公告)日：1994-12-13
申请号：US34225
申请日：1993-03-18
申请人： Charles W. Kaufman , Radia J. Pearlman , Morrie Gasser
发明人： Charles W. Kaufman , Radia J. Pearlman , Morrie Gasser
IPC分类号： G06F1/00 , G06F21/33 , G06F21/34 , H04L9/08 , H04L9/32 , H04K1/00
CPC分类号： G06F21/34 , G06F21/335 , G06F2221/2103 , G06F2221/2151 , H04L9/0877 , H04L9/3226 , H04L9/3234 , H04L9/3236 , H04L9/3271
摘要： An improved security system inhibits eavesdropping, dictionary attacks, and intrusion into stored password lists. In one implementation, the user provides a workstation with a "password", and a "token" obtained from a passive authentication token generator. The workstation calculates a "transmission code" by performing a first hashing algorithm upon the password and token. The workstation sends the transmission code to the server. Then, the server attempts to reproduce the transmission code by combining passwords from a stored list with tokens generated by a second identical passive authentication token generator just prior to receipt of the transmission code. If any password/token combination yields the transmission code, the workstation is provided with a message useful in communicating with a desired computing system; the message is encrypted with a session code calculated by applying a different hashing algorithm to the password and token. In another embodiment, the workstation transmits a user name to the authentication server. The server verifies the user name's validity, and uses an active authentication token generator to obtain a "response" to an arbitrarily selected challenge. The server generates a session code by performing a hashing algorithm upon the response and the password. The server sends the challenge and a message encrypted with the session code to the workstation. The workstation generates the session code by performing the hashing algorithm on the password and the received challenge, and uses the session code to decrypt the encrypted message. The message is useful in communicating with a desired computing system.
摘要翻译：改进的安全系统禁止窃听，字典攻击和入侵存储的密码列表。在一个实现中，用户向工作站提供“密码”和从被动认证令牌生成器获得的“令牌”。工作站通过对密码和令牌执行第一散列算法来计算“传输代码”。工作站将传输代码发送到服务器。然后，服务器尝试通过将来自存储的列表的密码与在接收到传输代码之前由第二相同的被动认证令牌发生器产生的令牌组合来再现传输代码。如果任何密码/令牌组合产生传输代码，则工作站被提供有用于与期望的计算系统进行通信的消息; 使用通过对密码和令牌应用不同散列算法计算的会话代码来加密该消息。在另一实施例中，工作站向认证服务器发送用户名。服务器验证用户名的有效性，并使用活动的认证令牌生成器来获得对任意选择的挑战的“响应”。服务器通过响应和密码执行散列算法生成会话代码。服务器将该挑战和使用会话代码加密的消息发送到工作站。工作站通过对密码和接收到的质询执行散列算法来生成会话代码，并使用会话代码解密加密的消息。该消息在与期望的计算系统通信中是有用的。

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