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1. 发明授权

US06936749B1 Nonsymbiotic plant hemoglobins to maintain cell energy status 失效
标题翻译：非共生植物血红蛋白维持细胞能量状态
公开(公告)号：US06936749B1
公开(公告)日：2005-08-30
申请号：US09720206
申请日：1999-06-24
申请人： Phillip Guy , Stephen Duff , Nie Xianzhou , Robert Hill , Douglas Durnin , Aleksander Sowa
发明人： Phillip Guy , Stephen Duff , Nie Xianzhou , Robert Hill , Douglas Durnin , Aleksander Sowa
IPC分类号： A01H5/00 , A61K35/12 , C07K14/415 , C07K14/805 , C12N1/20 , C12N15/29 , C12N15/82
CPC分类号： C07K14/415 , A61K35/12 , C07K14/805 , C12N1/20 , C12N15/8261 , Y02A40/146
摘要： Nonsymbiotic hemoglobins are broadly present across evolution; however, the function of these proteins is unknown. Cultured maize cells have been transformed to constitutively express a barley hemoglobin gene in either the sense (HB+) or antisense (HB−) orientation. Hemoglobin protein in the transformed cell lines was correspondingly higher or lower than in wild type cells under normal atmospheric conditions. Limiting oxygen availability, by placing the cells in a nitrogen atmosphere for 12 hours, had little effect on the energy status of cells constitutively expressing hemoglobin, but had a pronounced effect on both wild type and HB− cells, where ATP levels declined by 27% and 61% respectively. Energy charge was relatively unaffected by the treatment in HB+ and wild type cells, but was reduced from 0.91 to 0.73 in HB− cells suggesting that the latter were incapable of maintaining their energy status under the low oxygen regime. Similar results were observed with P. aeruginosa cells transformed with an Hb expression vector. It is suggested that nonsymbiotic hemoglobins act to maintain the energy status of cells in low oxygen environments and that they accomplish this effect by promoting glycolytic flux through NADH oxidation, resulting in increased substrate level phosphorylation. Nonsymbiotic hemoglobins are likely ancestors of an early form of hemoglobin that sequestered oxygen in low oxygen environments, providing a source of oxygen to oxidize NADH to provide ATP for cell growth and development. This in turn suggests that cells containing increased levels of Hb protein will survive longer under low oxygen tension or high energy demand.
摘要翻译：非共生血红蛋白在进化中广泛存在; 然而，这些蛋白质的功能是未知的。培养的玉米细胞已被转化以组合式表达大鼠血红蛋白基因（HB ^{+ />）或反义（HB ）方向。在正常大气条件下，转化细胞系中的血红蛋白蛋白质相对较高或低于野生型细胞。通过将细胞置于氮气气氛中12小时来限制氧气供应对组成型表达血红蛋白的细胞的能量状态几乎没有影响，但对野生型和HB 细胞都具有显着的作用， ATP水平分别下降了27％和61％。能量电荷相对不受HB +和/或野生型细胞治疗的影响，但在HB 细胞中从0.91降低至0.73，表明后者不能维持低氧状态下的能量状态。用Hb表达载体转化的铜绿假单胞菌细胞观察到类似的结果。建议非共生血红蛋白起作用以维持低氧环境中细胞的能量状态，并通过促进糖酵解通过NADH氧化来实现这一作用，从而增加底物水平的磷酸化。非共生血红蛋白可能是早期形式的血红蛋白的祖先，其在低氧环境中螯合氧，提供氧气来氧化NADH以提供ATP用于细胞生长和发育。这反过来表明，含有较高水平的Hb蛋白的细胞将在低氧压力或高能量需求下生存更长时间。}

2. 发明申请

US20090133165A1 SEED DEVITALIZATION METHOD 审中-公开
标题翻译：种子鉴定方法
公开(公告)号：US20090133165A1
公开(公告)日：2009-05-21
申请号：US12269358
申请日：2008-11-12
申请人： Phillip Guy , Charles J. Shank
发明人： Phillip Guy , Charles J. Shank
IPC分类号： A01H5/10
CPC分类号： A01H3/00 , A01N59/00 , A01N25/00 , A01N2300/00
摘要： The present invention relates to a method for devitalizing seeds that provides a non-viable (i.e., non-germinating) seed exhibiting substantially the same protein and/or deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) characteristics as a viable seed and also relates to devitalized seeds produced by the method.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及一种使种子失活的方法，其提供表现出与活的种子基本上相同的蛋白质和/或脱氧核糖核酸（DNA）特征的不可生存（即非发芽）种子，并且还涉及由方法。

3. 发明授权

US09578797B2 Automated system for germination testing using optical imaging 有权
标题翻译：使用光学成像进行萌发测试的自动化系统
公开(公告)号：US09578797B2
公开(公告)日：2017-02-28
申请号：US13637275
申请日：2011-03-17
申请人： Kevin L. Deppermann , Brad D. White , Nathalie Vignaux , Phillip Guy
发明人： Kevin L. Deppermann , Brad D. White , Nathalie Vignaux , Phillip Guy
IPC分类号： A01C1/02 , A01G7/00
CPC分类号： A01C1/025 , A01G7/00
摘要： A system prepares plant specimens, tracks the plant specimens, captures images of the plant specimens, and evaluates growth parameters of the plant specimens in the captured images. The system prepares receptacles by placing a predetermined quantity of gel, if required by a particular test, into a receptacle and a layer of material, if required by a particular test, on top of the gel. The system separates a quantity of seeds into individual seeds and places an individual seed in each receptacle between the gel layer and the cover layer. The receptacles are then arrayed into decks and carts and subjected to controlled stress conditions and conditions conducive to germination and growth. An image capture device captures backlit images of the receptacles, and a processor analyzes the captured images for growth parameters of the plant specimens and enters those parameters into a database together with a unique identifier of the plant specimen.
摘要翻译：系统准备植物标本，跟踪植物标本，捕获植物标本的图像，并评估捕获图像中植物标本的生长参数。如果特定测试需要，则在凝胶顶部放置预定量的凝胶，如果特定试验需要的话，该系统可以将容器放置在容器和一层材料中。该系统将一定数量的种子分成单独的种子，并将单个种子放置在凝胶层和覆盖层之间的每个容器中。然后将容器排列成甲板和推车，并受到受控的应激条件和有利于萌发和生长的条件。图像捕获装置捕获插座的背光图像，并且处理器分析所捕获的图像以用于植物标本的生长参数，并将这些参数与植物标本的唯一标识符一起输入到数据库中。

4. 发明申请

US20130235188A1 AUTOMATED SYSTEM FOR GERMINATION TESTING USING OPTICAL IMAGING 有权
标题翻译：使用光学成像进行终端测试的自动化系统
公开(公告)号：US20130235188A1
公开(公告)日：2013-09-12
申请号：US13637275
申请日：2011-03-17
申请人： Kevin L. Deppermann , Brad D. White , Nathalie Vignaux , Phillip Guy
发明人： Kevin L. Deppermann , Brad D. White , Nathalie Vignaux , Phillip Guy
IPC分类号： A01C1/02
CPC分类号： A01C1/025 , A01G7/00
摘要： A system prepares plant specimens, tracks the plant specimens, captures images of the plant specimens, and evaluates growth parameters of the plant specimens in the captured images. The system prepares receptacles by placing a predetermined quantity of gel, if required by a particular test, into a receptacle and a layer of material, if required by a particular test, on top of the gel. The system separates a quantity of seeds into individual seeds and places an individual seed in each receptacle between the gel layer and the cover layer. The receptacles are then arrayed into decks and carts and subjected to controlled stress conditions and conditions conducive to germination and growth. An image capture device captures backlit images of the receptacles, and a processor analyzes the captured images for growth parameters of the plant specimens and enters those parameters into a database together with a unique identifier of the plant specimen.
摘要翻译：系统准备植物标本，跟踪植物标本，捕获植物标本的图像，并评估捕获图像中植物标本的生长参数。如果特定测试需要，则在凝胶顶部放置预定量的凝胶，如果特定试验需要的话，该系统可以将容器放置在容器和一层材料中。该系统将一定数量的种子分成单独的种子，并将单个种子放置在凝胶层和覆盖层之间的每个容器中。然后将容器排列成甲板和推车，并受到受控的应激条件和有利于萌发和生长的条件。图像捕获装置捕获插座的背光图像，并且处理器分析所捕获的图像以用于植物标本的生长参数，并将这些参数与植物标本的唯一标识符一起输入到数据库中。

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