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1. 发明授权

US5270950A Apparatus and a method for locating a source of acoustic emission in a material 失效
标题翻译：用于定位材料中声发射源的装置和方法
公开(公告)号：US5270950A
公开(公告)日：1993-12-14
申请号：US760909
申请日：1991-09-17
申请人： Peter H. Cowley , Simon D. King , Neil Randall
发明人： Peter H. Cowley , Simon D. King , Neil Randall
IPC分类号： G01N29/07 , G01N29/14 , G01H11/08 , G01H17/00
CPC分类号： G01N29/4454 , G01N29/07 , G01N29/14 , G01N2291/011 , G01N2291/02854 , G01N2291/106
摘要： An apparatus for locating a source of acoustic emission in a material comprises four spaced transducers coupled to the material. Each transducer produces an output signal corresponding to a detected acoustic emission activity, and each output signal is amplified, rectified and enveloped before being supplied to a processor. Artificially induced acoustic emission events, of known location, are generated in the material. The processor measures the times taken for each output signal corresponding to artificially induced acoustic emission events, to exceed two predetermined amplitudes from a datum time. A neural network analyzes the measured times to exceed the predetermined amplitudes for the output signals corresponding to the artificially induced acoustic emission events and infers the mathematical relationship between values of time and location of acoustic emission event. The times taken for each output signal, corresponding to acoustic emission events of unknown source location, to exceed two predetermined amplitudes from the datum are measured and are used to calculate the location of the unknown source with the mathematical relationship deduced by the neural network.
摘要翻译：用于在材料中定位声发射源的装置包括耦合到该材料的四个间隔的换能器。每个换能器产生对应于检测到的声发射活动的输出信号，并且每个输出信号在被提供给处理器之前被放大，整流和包络。在材料中产生已知位置的人为地引起的声发射事件。处理器测量对应于人为感应声发射事件的每个输出信号所花费的时间，从基准时间超过两个预定幅度。神经网络分析测量时间超过对应于人为感应声发射事件的输出信号的预定幅度，并推断声发射事件的时间和位置值之间的数学关系。测量对应于未知源位置的声发射事件的每个输出信号超过基准的两个预定振幅所用的时间，并用于使用由神经网络推导的数学关系来计算未知源的位置。

2. 发明授权

US5176032A Method and apparatus for processing electrical signals and a stress wave sensor 失效
标题翻译：用于处理电信号的方法和装置以及应力波传感器
公开(公告)号：US5176032A
公开(公告)日：1993-01-05
申请号：US892639
申请日：1992-06-02
申请人： Trevor J. Holroyd , Timothy E. Tracey , Simon D. King , Neil Randall
发明人： Trevor J. Holroyd , Timothy E. Tracey , Simon D. King , Neil Randall
IPC分类号： F02P5/152 , G01H1/00 , G01L23/22 , G01N29/14
CPC分类号： F02P5/1525 , F02P5/152 , G01H1/003 , G01L23/225 , G01N29/14 , G01N29/449 , G01N2291/02872 , Y02T10/46
摘要： An apparatus for processing electrical signals corresponding to acoustic emissions produced in a machine or process comprises a transducer acoustically coupled to the machine or process, which detects the acoustic emissions and converts them into an output signal. The output signal is amplified by an amplifier, rectified and enveloped by an enveloper having a short time constant to produce an electrical signal. An enveloper having a long time constant, measures the mean level of the electrical signal. A DC component remover removes the DC component from the electrical signal and an enveloper, having a long time constant, measures the mean level of the rectified AC component of the electrical signal. A processor having a low sampling rate, measures a power of the ratio between the mean level of the rectified AC component of the electrical signal and the mean level of the electrical signal. The apparatus is self compensating for variations in the machine operating condition or transducer sensitivity and is relatively cheap to manufacture.
摘要翻译：用于处理对应于在机器或过程中产生的声发射的电信号的装置包括声学耦合到机器或过程的传感器，其检测声发射并将它们转换成输出信号。输出信号由放大器放大，由具有短时间常数的加热器整流和封装以产生电信号。具有长时间常数的包装器测量电信号的平均电平。直流分量去除器从电信号中去除DC分量，并且具有长时间常数的温度计测量电信号的整流AC分量的平均电平。具有低采样率的处理器测量电信号的整流AC分量的平均电平与电信号的平均电平之间的比率的功率。该装置对机器操作条件或换能器灵敏度的变化进行自补偿并且制造相对便宜。

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