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    • 2. 发明授权
    • Implementation of VPNs over a link state protocol controlled ethernet network
    • 通过链路状态协议控制的以太网网络实现VPN
    • US07894450B2
    • 2011-02-22
    • US12215350
    • 2008-06-26
    • Paul UnbehagenDavid AllanBruno GermainRoger LapuhMohnish AnumalaNigel Bragg
    • Paul UnbehagenDavid AllanBruno GermainRoger LapuhMohnish AnumalaNigel Bragg
    • H04L12/28H04L12/56
    • H04L12/4662H04L12/462H04L12/4645H04L12/4683H04L45/02H04L45/028H04L45/04H04L45/502H04L45/52H04L45/54H04L45/66
    • Nodes on a link state protocol controlled Ethernet network implement a link state routing protocol such as IS-IS. Nodes assign an IP address or I-SID value per VRF and then advertise the IP addresses or I-SID values in IS-IS LSAs. When a packet is to be forwarded on the VPN, the ingress node identifies the VRF for the packet and performs an IP lookup in customer address space in the VRF to determine the next hop and the IP address or I-SID value of the VRF on the egress node. The ingress node prepends an I-SID or IP header to identify the VRFs and then creates a MAC header to allow the packet to be forwarded to the egress node on the link state protocol controlled Ethernet network. When the packet is received at the egress node, the MAC header is stripped from the packet and the appended I-SID or IP header is used to identify the egress VRF. A customer address space IP lookup is then performed in the identified VRF on the egress node using the information in the client IP header to determine how to forward the packet. Customer reachability information within a VPN may be exchanged between VRFs using iBGP, or directly by using link state protocol LSAs tagged with the relevant I-SID.
    • 链路状态协议控制的以太网上的节点实现了IS-IS等链路状态路由协议。 节点为每个VRF分配IP地址或I-SID值,然后在IS-IS LSA中通告IP地址或I-SID值。 当在VPN上转发数据包时,入节点识别数据包的VRF,并在VRF的客户地址空间中执行IP查找,以确定下一跳以及VRF的IP地址或I-SID值 出口节点。 入口节点前置I-SID或IP头以识别VRF,然后创建一个MAC报头,以允许将数据包转发到链路状态协议控制的以太网上的出口节点。 当在出口节点处接收到分组时,从分组中剥离MAC报头,并使用附加的I-SID或IP报头来识别出口VRF。 然后使用客户端IP报头中的信息在出口节点上识别的VRF中执行客户地址空间IP查找,以确定如何转发数据包。 VPN内的客户可达性信息可以使用iBGP在VRF之间交换,也可以直接使用与相关I-SID标记的链路状态协议LSA交换。
    • 3. 发明申请
    • Implementation of VPNs over a link state protocol controlled Ethernet network
    • 通过链路状态协议控制的以太网实现VPN
    • US20090168666A1
    • 2009-07-02
    • US12215350
    • 2008-06-26
    • Paul UnbehagenDavid AllanBruno GermainRoger LapuhMohnish AnumalaNigel Bragg
    • Paul UnbehagenDavid AllanBruno GermainRoger LapuhMohnish AnumalaNigel Bragg
    • H04L12/28H04L12/56
    • H04L12/4662H04L12/462H04L12/4645H04L12/4683H04L45/02H04L45/028H04L45/04H04L45/502H04L45/52H04L45/54H04L45/66
    • Nodes on a link state protocol controlled Ethernet network implement a link state routing protocol such as IS-IS. Nodes assign an IP address or I-SID value per VRF and then advertise the IP addresses or I-SID values in IS-IS LSAs. When a packet is to be forwarded on the VPN, the ingress node identifies the VRF for the packet and performs an IP lookup in customer address space in the VRF to determine the next hop and the IP address or I-SID value of the VRF on the egress node. The ingress node prepends an I-SID or IP header to identify the VRFs and then creates a MAC header to allow the packet to be forwarded to the egress node on the link state protocol controlled Ethernet network. When the packet is received at the egress node, the MAC header is stripped from the packet and the appended I-SID or IP header is used to identify the egress VRF. A customer address space IP lookup is then performed in the identified VRF on the egress node using the information in the client IP header to determine how to forward the packet. Customer reachability information within a VPN may be exchanged between VRFs using iBGP, or directly by using link state protocol LSAs tagged with the relevant I-SID.
    • 链路状态协议控制的以太网上的节点实现了IS-IS等链路状态路由协议。 节点为每个VRF分配IP地址或I-SID值,然后在IS-IS LSA中通告IP地址或I-SID值。 当要在VPN上转发数据包时,入口节点识别数据包的VRF,并在VRF的客户地址空间中执行IP查找,以确定下一跳,并且VRF的IP地址或I-SID值 出口节点。 入口节点前置I-SID或IP头以识别VRF,然后创建一个MAC报头,以允许将数据包转发到链路状态协议控制的以太网上的出口节点。 当在出口节点处接收到分组时,从分组中剥离MAC报头,并使用附加的I-SID或IP报头来识别出口VRF。 然后使用客户端IP报头中的信息,在出口节点上识别的VRF中执行客户地址空间IP查找,以确定如何转发数据包。 VPN内的客户可达性信息可以使用iBGP在VRF之间交换,也可以直接使用与相关I-SID标记的链路状态协议LSA交换。
    • 4. 发明申请
    • Dynamic Networking of Virtual Machines
    • 虚拟机的动态网络
    • US20090323706A1
    • 2009-12-31
    • US12492887
    • 2009-06-26
    • Bruno GermainDenis FluetIan Harris
    • Bruno GermainDenis FluetIan Harris
    • H04L12/56
    • H04L67/1097
    • The invention is directed to the use of Provider Backbone Bridging (PBB) technology with Shortest Path Bridging, also called Provider Link State Bridging (PLSB) technology in the context of data centers and virtualized physical servers infrastructures. Virtual servers can be located anywhere inside the data center, or across different data centers, and still act as though they are physically adjacent and share the same Ethernet connectivity. Ethernet virtual machine VLan memberships are mapped to PBB Service Identifiers (I-SIDs). PBB I-SIDs extend the connectivity model to every Ethernet switches in the local, metropolitan or wide area networks. PLSB complements the connectivity by providing dynamic distribution and mapping of I-SID endpoints in the PBB domain. Virtual servers can then be added, removed or transferred to another point in the network and PLSB adjusts the VLan/I-SID specific connectivity pattern to match the physical distribution of the servers.
    • 本发明涉及在数据中心和虚拟化物理服务器基础设施的上下文中使用具有最短路径桥接的提供商骨干桥接(PBB)技术,也称为提供商链路状态桥接(PLSB)技术。 虚拟服务器可以位于数据中心内的任何地方,也可以位于不同的数据中心之间,并且仍然像物理上相邻,并且共享相同的以太网连接。 以太网虚拟机VLan成员身份映射到PBB服务标识符(I-SID)。 PBB I-SID将连接模型扩展到本地,大都市或广域网中的每个以太网交换机。 PLSB通过提供PBB域中I-SID端点的动态分发和映射来补充连接。 然后可以将虚拟服务器添加,删除或传输到网络中的其他点,PLSB会调整VLan / I-SID特定的连接模式以匹配服务器的物理分布。
    • 5. 发明授权
    • Dynamic networking of virtual machines
    • 虚拟机的动态联网
    • US08175103B2
    • 2012-05-08
    • US12492887
    • 2009-06-26
    • Bruno GermainDenis FluetIan Harris
    • Bruno GermainDenis FluetIan Harris
    • H04L12/28H04L12/56
    • H04L67/1097
    • The invention is directed to the use of Provider Backbone Bridging (PBB) technology with Shortest Path Bridging, also called Provider Link State Bridging (PLSB) technology in the context of data centers and virtualized physical servers infrastructures. Virtual servers can be located anywhere inside the data center, or across different data centers, and still act as though they are physically adjacent and share the same Ethernet connectivity. Ethernet virtual machine VLan memberships are mapped to PBB Service Identifiers (I-SIDs). PBB I-SIDs extend the connectivity model to every Ethernet switches in the local, metropolitan or wide area networks. PLSB complements the connectivity by providing dynamic distribution and mapping of I-SID endpoints in the PBB domain. Virtual servers can then be added, removed or transferred to another point in the network and PLSB adjusts the VLan/I-SID specific connectivity pattern to match the physical distribution of the servers.
    • 本发明涉及在数据中心和虚拟化物理服务器基础设施的上下文中使用具有最短路径桥接的提供商骨干桥接(PBB)技术,也称为提供商链路状态桥接(PLSB)技术。 虚拟服务器可以位于数据中心内的任何地方,也可以位于不同的数据中心之间,并且仍然像物理上相邻,并且共享相同的以太网连接。 以太网虚拟机VLan成员身份映射到PBB服务标识符(I-SID)。 PBB I-SID将连接模型扩展到本地,大都市或广域网中的每个以太网交换机。 PLSB通过提供PBB域中I-SID端点的动态分发和映射来补充连接。 然后可以将虚拟服务器添加,删除或传输到网络中的其他点,PLSB会调整VLan / I-SID特定的连接模式以匹配服务器的物理分布。
    • 6. 发明授权
    • Safe-disposal container for used hypodermic needles and the like
    • 用于皮下注射针的安全处理容器等
    • US4867309A
    • 1989-09-19
    • US209989
    • 1988-06-22
    • Bruno Germain
    • Bruno Germain
    • A61G12/00A61M5/00A61M5/32
    • A61M5/3205Y10T225/30Y10T225/371Y10T83/222
    • A prehensile container is provided for demounting and storing used hypodermic needles and/or surgical blades pending their ultimate disposal. The same hand that holds the container can actuate the closure blade by finger force to clear an orifice for passage of a used hypodermic needle. When the end of the syringe to which the needle is affixed abuts the mouthpiece of the orifice, the finger force can be released to hold the needle between the edge of an aperture of the shutter blade and an edge of the orifice, so that the needle can be separated by withdrawal of the syringe with one hand while holding the container with the other. Another exertion of finger force will let the used needle drop into the container and a second release will restore the closed condition of the container. Internal baffles obstruct the exit of stored needles, to prevent an unauthorized person from extracting a needle from the container by opening the access orifice.
    • 提供了一种可靠的容器,用于拆卸和储存使用过的皮下注射针和/或手术刀片等待最终处置。 保持容器的同一只手可以通过手指力来致动闭合叶片,以清除用于通过皮下注射针的孔。 当固定针的注射器的端部与孔的接口相接触时,可以释放手指力以将针保持在快门叶片的孔的边缘和孔的边缘之间,使得针 可以用一只手取出注射器,同时用另一只手握住容器来分离。 手指力的另一种作用将使被使用的针落入容器中,而第二释放将恢复容器的封闭状态。 内部挡板阻塞储存的针的出口,以防止未经授权的人通过打开进入孔而从容器中提取针头。