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1. 发明授权

US07417442B2 Method and apparatus for testing tunnel magnetoresistive effect element, manufacturing method of tunnel magnetoresistive effect element and tunnel magnetoresistive effect element 有权
标题翻译：隧道磁阻效应元件测试方法及装置，隧道磁阻效应元件及隧道磁阻效应元件的制造方法
公开(公告)号：US07417442B2
公开(公告)日：2008-08-26
申请号：US11130258
申请日：2005-05-17
申请人： Nozomu Hachisuka , Kenji Inage , Norio Takahashi , Tatsushi Shimizu , Pak Kin Wong
发明人： Nozomu Hachisuka , Kenji Inage , Norio Takahashi , Tatsushi Shimizu , Pak Kin Wong
IPC分类号： G01R27/08 , H01L21/66
CPC分类号： B82Y25/00 , B82Y10/00 , G01R33/093 , G01R33/098 , G11B5/3903 , G11B5/3909 , G11B5/455 , Y10T29/49021
摘要： A method for testing a TMR element includes a step of measuring a plurality of resistances of the TMR element by feeding a plurality of sense currents with different current values each other through the TMR element, a step of calculating a ratio of change in resistance from the measured plurality of resistances of the TMR element, and a step of evaluating the TMR element using the calculated ratio of change in resistance.
摘要翻译：用于测试TMR元件的方法包括通过通过TMR元件馈送具有不同电流值的多个感测电流来测量TMR元件的多个电阻的步骤，计算电阻变化率测量TMR元件的多个电阻，以及使用所计算的电阻变化比来评估TMR元件的步骤。

2. 发明申请

US20090075360A1 APPARATUS AND METHODS FOR MANIPULATION AND OPTIMIZATION OF BIOLOGICAL SYSTEMS 有权
标题翻译：用于操纵和优化生物系统的装置和方法
公开(公告)号：US20090075360A1
公开(公告)日：2009-03-19
申请号：US11719749
申请日：2005-11-18
申请人： Chih-Ming Ho , Pak Kin Wong , Ren Sun , Fuqu Yu
发明人： Chih-Ming Ho , Pak Kin Wong , Ren Sun , Fuqu Yu
IPC分类号： C12M3/00 , C12M1/36 , G05B13/02
CPC分类号： C12Q1/02 , C12M41/48 , C12Q3/00 , G01N35/0092 , G01N2035/0094 , Y02A90/26
摘要： The invention provides systems and methods for manipulating, e.g., optimizing and controlling, biological systems, e.g., for eliciting a more desired biological response of biological sample, such as a tissue, organ, and/or a cell. In one aspect, systems and methods of the invention operate by efficiently searching through a large parametric space of stimuli and system parameters to manipulate, control, and optimize the response of biological samples sustained in the system, e.g., a bioreactor. In alternative aspects, systems include a device for sustaining cells or tissue samples, one or more actuators for stimulating the samples via biochemical, electromagnetic, thermal, mechanical, and/or optical stimulation, one or more sensors for measuring a biological response signal of the samples resulting from the stimulation of the sample. In one aspect, the systems and methods of the invention use at least one optimization algorithm to modify the actuator's control inputs for stimulation, responsive to the sensor's output of response signals. The compositions and methods of the invention can be used, e.g., to for systems optimization of any biological manufacturing or experimental system, e.g., bioreactors for proteins, e.g., therapeutic proteins, polypeptides or peptides for vaccines, and the like, small molecules (e.g., antibiotics), polysaccharides, lipids, and the like. Another use of the apparatus and methods includes combination drug therapy, e.g. optimal drug cocktail, directed cell proliferations and differentiations, e.g. in tissue engineering, e.g. neural progenitor cells differentiation, and discovery of key parameters in complex biological systems.
摘要翻译：本发明提供了用于操纵，例如优化和控制生物系统的系统和方法，例如用于引发生物样品例如组织，器官和/或细胞的更期望的生物反应。在一个方面，本发明的系统和方法通过有效地搜索刺激和系统参数的大参数空间来操作，控制和优化在系统例如生物反应器中维持的生物样品的响应。在替代方面，系统包括用于维持细胞或组织样本的装置，用于通过生物化学，电磁，热，机械和/或光刺激刺激样品的一个或多个致动器，用于测量生物反应信号的一个或多个传感器样品刺激产生的样品。在一个方面，本发明的系统和方法使用至少一种优化算法，以响应于传感器的响应信号的输出来修改致动器的用于刺激的控制输入。本发明的组合物和方法可用于例如任何生物制备或实验系统的系统优化，例如用于蛋白质的生物反应器，例如用于疫苗的治疗性蛋白质，多肽或肽等，小分子（例如，，抗生素），多糖，脂质等。该装置和方法的另一用途包括组合药物治疗，例如，最佳药物混合物，定向细胞增殖和分化，例如。在组织工程中。神经祖细胞分化，以及复杂生物系统中关键参数的发现。

3. 发明授权

US08232095B2 Apparatus and methods for manipulation and optimization of biological systems 有权
标题翻译：用于操纵和优化生物系统的装置和方法
公开(公告)号：US08232095B2
公开(公告)日：2012-07-31
申请号：US11719749
申请日：2005-11-18
申请人： Chih-Ming Ho , Pak Kin Wong , Ren Sun , Fuqu Yu
发明人： Chih-Ming Ho , Pak Kin Wong , Ren Sun , Fuqu Yu
IPC分类号： C12M1/00 , G05B19/42
CPC分类号： C12Q1/02 , C12M41/48 , C12Q3/00 , G01N35/0092 , G01N2035/0094 , Y02A90/26
摘要： The invention provides systems and methods for manipulating, e.g., optimizing and controlling, biological systems, e.g., for eliciting a more desired biological response of biological sample, such as a tissue, organ, and/or a cell. In one aspect, systems and methods of the invention operate by efficiently searching through a large parametric space of stimuli and system parameters to manipulate, control, and optimize the response of biological samples sustained in the system, e.g., a bioreactor. In alternative aspects, systems include a device for sustaining cells or tissue samples, one or more actuators for stimulating the samples via biochemical, electromagnetic, thermal, mechanical, and/or optical stimulation, one or more sensors for measuring a biological response signal of the samples resulting from the stimulation of the sample. In one aspect, the systems and methods of the invention use at least one optimization algorithm to modify the actuator's control inputs for stimulation, responsive to the sensor's output of response signals. The compositions and methods of the invention can be used, e.g., to for systems optimization of any biological manufacturing or experimental system, e.g., bioreactors for proteins, e.g., therapeutic proteins, polypeptides or peptides for vaccines, and the like, small molecules (e.g., antibiotics), polysaccharides, lipids, and the like. Another use of the apparatus and methods includes combination drug therapy, e.g. optimal drug cocktail, directed cell proliferations and differentiations, e.g. in tissue engineering, e.g. neural progenitor cells differentiation, and discovery of key parameters in complex biological systems.
摘要翻译：本发明提供了用于操纵，例如优化和控制生物系统的系统和方法，例如用于引发生物样品例如组织，器官和/或细胞的更期望的生物反应。在一个方面，本发明的系统和方法通过有效地搜索刺激和系统参数的大参数空间来操作，控制和优化在系统例如生物反应器中维持的生物样品的响应。在替代方面，系统包括用于维持细胞或组织样本的装置，用于通过生物化学，电磁，热，机械和/或光刺激刺激样品的一个或多个致动器，用于测量生物反应信号的一个或多个传感器样品刺激产生的样品。在一个方面，本发明的系统和方法使用至少一种优化算法，以响应于传感器的响应信号的输出来修改致动器的用于刺激的控制输入。本发明的组合物和方法可用于例如任何生物制备或实验系统的系统优化，例如用于蛋白质的生物反应器，例如用于疫苗的治疗性蛋白质，多肽或肽等，小分子（例如，，抗生素），多糖，脂质等。该装置和方法的另一用途包括组合药物治疗，例如，最佳药物混合物，定向细胞增殖和分化，例如。在组织工程中。神经祖细胞分化，以及复杂生物系统中关键参数的发现。

4. 发明授权

US08107200B2 ESD, cross talk and noise minimizing resistive/capacitative shunt for CPP and TMR devices 有权
标题翻译： ESD，串扰和噪声最小化CPP和TMR器件的电阻/电容分流
公开(公告)号：US08107200B2
公开(公告)日：2012-01-31
申请号：US12214504
申请日：2008-06-19
申请人： Eric Cheuk Wing Leung , Anthony Wai Yuen Lai , Pak Kin Wong , David Hu , Moris Dovek , Rod Lee
发明人： Eric Cheuk Wing Leung , Anthony Wai Yuen Lai , Pak Kin Wong , David Hu , Moris Dovek , Rod Lee
IPC分类号： G11B5/39
CPC分类号： B82Y25/00 , B82Y10/00 , G11B5/11 , G11B5/3909 , G11B5/40 , G11B2005/3996 , Y10T29/49039 , Y10T29/49043 , Y10T29/49046 , Y10T29/49048 , Y10T29/49052
摘要： A slider mounted CPP GMR or TMR read head sensor is protected from electrostatic discharge (ESD) damage and from noise and cross-talk from an adjacent write head by means of a balanced resistive/capacitative shunt. The shunt includes highly resistive interconnections between upper and lower shields of the read head and a grounded slider substrate and a low resistance interconnection between the lower pole piece of the write head and the substrate. The capacitances between the pole piece and the upper shield, the upper shield and the lower shield and the lower shield and the substrate are made equal by either forming the shields and pole piece with equal surface areas and separating them with dielectrics of equal thicknesses, or by keeping the ratio of area to insulator thicknesses equal.
摘要翻译：滑块安装的CPP GMR或TMR读取头传感器通过平衡的电阻/电容分流器被保护免受静电放电（ESD）损坏和来自相邻写头的噪声和串扰的影响。分流器包括读头的上屏蔽和下屏蔽之间的高电阻互连以及接地的滑块基板和写头的下极片与衬底之间的低电阻互连。通过形成具有相同表面积的屏蔽件和极片，并将它们与相同厚度的电介质分离，使极片与上屏蔽，上屏蔽和下屏蔽以及下屏蔽和基板之间的电容相等，或通过保持面积与绝缘体厚度的比例相等。

5. 发明授权

US08765459B2 Apparatus and methods for manipulation and optimization of biological systems 有权
标题翻译：用于操纵和优化生物系统的装置和方法
公开(公告)号：US08765459B2
公开(公告)日：2014-07-01
申请号：US13562216
申请日：2012-07-30
申请人： Chih-Ming Ho , Pak Kin Wong , Ren Sun , Fuqu Yu
发明人： Chih-Ming Ho , Pak Kin Wong , Ren Sun , Fuqu Yu
IPC分类号： C12M1/00 , G05B19/42
CPC分类号： C12Q1/02 , C12M41/48 , C12Q3/00 , G01N35/0092 , G01N2035/0094 , Y02A90/26
摘要： The invention provides systems and methods for manipulating biological systems, for example to elicit a more desired biological response from a biological sample, such as a tissue, organ, and/or a cell. In one aspect, the invention operates by efficiently searching through a large parametric space of stimuli and system parameters to manipulate, control, and optimize the response of biological samples sustained in the system. In one aspect, the systems and methods of the invention use at least one optimization algorithm to modify the actuator's control inputs for stimulation, responsive to the sensor's output of response signals. The invention can be used, e.g., to optimize any biological system, e.g., bioreactors for proteins, and the like, small molecules, polysaccharides, lipids, and the like. Another use of the apparatus and methods includes is for the discovery of key parameters in complex biological systems.
摘要翻译：本发明提供了用于操纵生物系统的系统和方法，例如从生物样品（例如组织，器官和/或细胞）引出更希望的生物反应。在一个方面，本发明通过有效搜索刺激的大参数空间和系统参数来操作，控制和优化系统中持续的生物样品的响应。在一个方面，本发明的系统和方法使用至少一种优化算法，以响应于传感器的响应信号的输出来修改致动器的用于刺激的控制输入。本发明可用于例如优化任何生物系统，例如用于蛋白质的生物反应器等，小分子，多糖，脂质等。该装置和方法的另一用途包括在复杂生物系统中发现关键参数。

6. 发明申请

US20080259506A1 ESD, cross talk and noise pickup minimizing scheme for CPP and TMR devices 有权
标题翻译： ESD，串扰和噪声拾取最小化方案，用于CPP和TMR器件
公开(公告)号：US20080259506A1
公开(公告)日：2008-10-23
申请号：US12214504
申请日：2008-06-19
申请人： Eric Cheuk Wing Leung , Anthony Wai Yuen Lai , Pak Kin Wong , David Hu , Moris Dovek , Rod Lee
发明人： Eric Cheuk Wing Leung , Anthony Wai Yuen Lai , Pak Kin Wong , David Hu , Moris Dovek , Rod Lee
IPC分类号： G11B5/127
CPC分类号： B82Y25/00 , B82Y10/00 , G11B5/11 , G11B5/3909 , G11B5/40 , G11B2005/3996 , Y10T29/49039 , Y10T29/49043 , Y10T29/49046 , Y10T29/49048 , Y10T29/49052
摘要： A slider mounted CPP GMR or TMR read head sensor is protected from electrostatic discharge (ESD) damage and from noise and cross-talk from an adjacent write head by means of a balanced resistive/capacitative shunt. The shunt includes highly resistive interconnections between upper and lower shields of the read head and a grounded slider substrate and a low resistance interconnection between the lower pole piece of the write head and the substrate. The capacitances between the pole piece and the upper shield, the upper shield and the lower shield and the lower shield and the substrate are made equal by either forming the shields and pole piece with equal surface areas and separating them with dielectrics of equal thicknesses, or by keeping the ratio of area to insulator thicknesses equal.
摘要翻译：滑块安装的CPP GMR或TMR读取头传感器通过平衡的电阻/电容分流器被保护免受静电放电（ESD）损坏和来自相邻写头的噪声和串扰的影响。分流器包括读头的上屏蔽和下屏蔽之间的高电阻互连以及接地的滑块基板和写头的下极片与衬底之间的低电阻互连。通过形成具有相同表面积的屏蔽件和极片，并将它们与相同厚度的电介质分离，使极片与上屏蔽，上屏蔽和下屏蔽以及下屏蔽和基板之间的电容相等，或通过保持面积与绝缘体厚度的比例相等。

7. 发明授权

US07392579B2 Method for protecting a slider mounted CPP GMR or TMR read head sensor from noise and ESD damage 有权
标题翻译：用于保护滑块安装的CPP GMR或TMR读取头传感器免受噪声和ESD损坏的方法
公开(公告)号：US07392579B2
公开(公告)日：2008-07-01
申请号：US11074251
申请日：2005-03-07
申请人： Eric Cheuk Wing Leung , Anthony Wai Yuen Lai , Pak Kin Wong , David Hu , Moris Dovek , Rod Lee
发明人： Eric Cheuk Wing Leung , Anthony Wai Yuen Lai , Pak Kin Wong , David Hu , Moris Dovek , Rod Lee
IPC分类号： G11B5/127 , H04R31/00
CPC分类号： B82Y25/00 , B82Y10/00 , G11B5/11 , G11B5/3909 , G11B5/40 , G11B2005/3996 , Y10T29/49039 , Y10T29/49043 , Y10T29/49046 , Y10T29/49048 , Y10T29/49052
摘要： A slider mounted CPP GMR or TMR read head sensor is protected from electrostatic discharge (ESD) damage and from noise and cross-talk from an adjacent write head by means of a balanced resistive/capacitative shunt. The shunt includes highly resistive interconnections between upper and lower shields of the read head and a grounded slider substrate and a low resistance interconnection between the lower pole piece of the write head and the substrate. The capacitances between the pole piece and the upper shield, the upper shield and the lower shield and the lower shield and the substrate are made equal by either forming the shields and pole piece with equal surface areas and separating them with dielectrics of equal thicknesses, or by keeping the ratio of area to insulator thicknesses equal.
摘要翻译：滑块安装的CPP GMR或TMR读取头传感器通过平衡的电阻/电容分流器被保护免受静电放电（ESD）损坏和来自相邻写头的噪声和串扰的影响。分流器包括读头的上屏蔽和下屏蔽之间的高电阻互连以及接地的滑块基板和写头的下极片与衬底之间的低电阻互连。通过形成具有相同表面积的屏蔽件和极片，并将它们与相同厚度的电介质分离，使极片与上屏蔽，上屏蔽和下屏蔽以及下屏蔽和基板之间的电容相等，或通过保持面积与绝缘体厚度的比例相等。

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