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1. 发明授权

US5784066A Method and apparatus for using partner information to color nodes in an interference graph within a computer system 失效
标题翻译：用于使用伙伴信息来在计算机系统内的干涉图中对彩色节点进行着色的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US5784066A
公开(公告)日：1998-07-21
申请号：US562139
申请日：1995-11-22
申请人： Nava Arela Aizikowitz , Edward Curtis Prosser , Robert Ralph Roediger
发明人： Nava Arela Aizikowitz , Edward Curtis Prosser , Robert Ralph Roediger
IPC分类号： G06F9/45 , G06F15/00
CPC分类号： G06F8/441
摘要： A method and apparatus for coloring an interference graph eliminates register copy instructions in an instruction stream by taking into consideration the colors of a node's direct or transitive partners when choosing a color for a node. By assigning a color to a node that is also the color of a direct or transitive partner, register copy instructions between the two partners may be eliminated. If more than one of the partners at any given level are colored, one of the colors may be selected over the others using an appropriate heuristic, such as a scheme that weights the colors appropriately.
摘要翻译：用于着色干涉图的方法和装置通过在选择节点的颜色时考虑节点的直接或传递伙伴的颜色来消除指令流中的寄存器复制指令。通过将颜色分配给也是直接或传递伙伴的颜色的节点，可以消除两个伙伴之间的注册复制指令。如果任何给定级别的多个合作伙伴都被着色，则可以使用适当的启发式方法来选择其中一种颜色，例如适当地对颜色进行加权的方案。

2. 发明授权

US5774730A Method and apparatus for improving colorability of constrained nodes in an interference graph within a computer system 失效
标题翻译：用于改善计算机系统内的干涉图中约束节点的着色性的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US5774730A
公开(公告)日：1998-06-30
申请号：US509637
申请日：1995-07-31
申请人： Nava Arela Aizikowitz , Liviu Asnash , Roy Bar-Haim , Orit Edelstein , Mircea Namolaru , Edward Curtis Prosser , Robert Ralph Roediger , William Jon Schmidt
发明人： Nava Arela Aizikowitz , Liviu Asnash , Roy Bar-Haim , Orit Edelstein , Mircea Namolaru , Edward Curtis Prosser , Robert Ralph Roediger , William Jon Schmidt
IPC分类号： G06F9/45
CPC分类号： G06F8/433 , G06F8/441
摘要： A method and apparatus for coloring an interference graph yields a higher number of colored nodes by taking into consideration the colors of neighbors of a node's uncolored constrained neighbors. By assigning a color to a node that is also the color of a neighbor of an uncolored constrained neighbor, one color constraint is removed, increasing the probability of coloring the uncolored constrained neighbor. If more than one of the neighbors of the uncolored constrained neighbors are colored, one of the colors may be selected over the others using an appropriate heuristic.
摘要翻译：通过考虑节点的未着色约束邻居的邻居的颜色，用于着色干涉图的方法和装置产生更多数量的彩色节点。通过将颜色分配给也是未着色约束邻居的邻居的颜色的节点，消除了一个颜色约束，增加了对着色约束邻居着色的可能性。如果超过一个未着色约束邻居的邻居被着色，则可以使用适当的启发式来选择其中一种颜色。

3. 发明授权

US5761514A Register allocation method and apparatus for truncating runaway lifetimes of program variables in a computer system 失效
标题翻译：用于截断计算机系统中程序变量失控寿命的寄存器分配方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US5761514A
公开(公告)日：1998-06-02
申请号：US522052
申请日：1995-08-31
申请人： Nava Arela Aizikowitz , Roy Bar-Haim , Edward Curtis Prosser , Robert Ralph Roediger , William Jon Schmidt
发明人： Nava Arela Aizikowitz , Roy Bar-Haim , Edward Curtis Prosser , Robert Ralph Roediger , William Jon Schmidt
IPC分类号： G06F9/45
CPC分类号： G06F8/433 , G06F8/441
摘要： A method and apparatus for truncating runaway lifetimes of program variables calculates liveness for each variable based on upwardly exposed uses. Reaching definitions are then calculated for at least the program variables that have runaway lifetimes. The liveness information is compared to the reaching definition information to determine whether a variable that is live upon entry to a basic block has a definition that reaches the end of each predecessor block, or has a use within the basic block. If the reaching definition for a variable reaches the beginning of the block and if there is a predecessor block for which there is no reaching definition, the variable has a runaway lifetime. The variable also has a runaway lifetime if there is a use of the variable in a block without a reaching definition for the variable at the beginning of the block. The runaway lifetime is truncated by inserting an instruction such as a pseudo-definition of the variable into the instruction stream at an appropriate place. Once runaway lifetimes are truncated using this method, subsequent stages of the compiler may calculate liveness by performing a single dataflow analysis which calculates lifetimes based on upwardly exposed uses.
摘要翻译：用于截断程序变量的失效寿命的方法和装置根据向上暴露的使用来计算每个变量的活动性。然后对至少具有失效寿命的程序变量计算达到定义。将活动信息与达到的定义信息进行比较，以确定在输入到基本块时是否存在活动的变量具有到达每个前导块的结束的定义，或者在基本块内具有使用。如果变量的到达定义到达块的开头，并且如果存在没有到达定义的前导块，则该变量具有失控的生命周期。如果块中的变量使用块的开头处的变量没有达到定义，那么该变量也将失效。通过在适当的地方将诸如伪变量的伪定义的指令插入指令流来截断失控生命周期。一旦使用这种方法截断失效生命周期，编译器的后续阶段可以通过执行基于向上暴露的使用计算寿命的单个数据流分析来计算活动。

4. 发明授权

US5946491A Register allocation method and apparatus for gernerating spill code as a function of register pressure compared to dual thresholds 失效
标题翻译：用于产生溢出码的寄存器分配方法和装置作为与双阈值相比的寄存器压力的函数
公开(公告)号：US5946491A
公开(公告)日：1999-08-31
申请号：US660703
申请日：1996-06-06
申请人： Nava Arela Aizikowitz , Liviu Asnash , Roy Bar-Haim , Edward Curtis Prosser , Robert Ralph Roediger , William Jon Schmidt
发明人： Nava Arela Aizikowitz , Liviu Asnash , Roy Bar-Haim , Edward Curtis Prosser , Robert Ralph Roediger , William Jon Schmidt
IPC分类号： G06F9/45
CPC分类号： G06F8/441
摘要： A method and apparatus for minimizing spill code in regions of low register pressure determines the register pressure at various locations in the computer program. When a live range is selected for spilling, spill code is generated to relieve the register pressure in regions of high register pressure, while spill code is avoided in regions of low register pressure. In this manner a minimum amount of spill code is generated, enhancing both the compile time and the run time of the resultant instruction stream.
摘要翻译：用于使寄存器压力低的区域中的溢出码最小化的方法和装置决定了计算机程序中各个位置的寄存器压力。当选择生存区域进行溢出时，产生溢出代码，以缓解高注册压力区域的注册压力，同时在低注册压力的区域避免泄漏代码。以这种方式，产生最小量的溢出码，从而增强结果指令流的编译时间和运行时间。

5. 发明授权

US5890000A Cooperation of global and local register allocators for better handling of procedures 失效
标题翻译：全球和地方登记分配者的合作，以更好地处理程序
公开(公告)号：US5890000A
公开(公告)日：1999-03-30
申请号：US760176
申请日：1996-12-04
申请人： Nava E. Aizikowitz , Roy N. Bar-Haim , Orit Edelstein , Edward Curtis Prosser , Robert Ralph Roediger
发明人： Nava E. Aizikowitz , Roy N. Bar-Haim , Orit Edelstein , Edward Curtis Prosser , Robert Ralph Roediger
IPC分类号： G06F9/45 , G06F9/44
CPC分类号： G06F8/441
摘要： A method and device for optimizing a compiler involves cooperation between the global and local register allocators in assigning symbolic registers to hardware registers. A large procedure may have many associated symbolic registers; the invention involves partitioning the symbolic registers into at least two portions, and allowing the global register allocator to assign one portion and the local register allocator to assign another portion. The registers may be partitioned based on different criteria, such as local vs. global registers, or spill costs, or shallow vs. nested regions.
摘要翻译：用于优化编译器的方法和装置涉及全局和本地寄存器分配器之间的协调，以将符号寄存器分配给硬件寄存器。一个大的过程可能有许多关联的符号寄存器; 本发明涉及将符号寄存器分成至少两个部分，并且允许全局寄存器分配器分配一个部分和本地寄存器分配器来分配另一部分。寄存器可以根据不同的标准进行分区，例如本地对全局寄存器，或溢出成本，或浅对嵌套区域。

6. 发明授权

US06301652B1 Instruction cache alignment mechanism for branch targets based on predicted execution frequencies 失效
标题翻译：基于预测执行频率的分支目标的指令缓存对齐机制
公开(公告)号：US06301652B1
公开(公告)日：2001-10-09
申请号：US08593309
申请日：1996-01-31
申请人： Edward Curtis Prosser , Robert Ralph Roediger , William Jon Schmidt
发明人： Edward Curtis Prosser , Robert Ralph Roediger , William Jon Schmidt
IPC分类号： G06F940
CPC分类号： G06F8/4442
摘要： A compiler system and method is provided that can 1) generate a second instruction stream from a first instruction stream, 2) read in and process predetermined external information regarding the basic blocks that makes up the second instruction stream and 3) place certain of the basic blocks on cache line boundaries based on predicted execution frequencies. In particular, the compiler system and method utilize profile information containing predicted block execution or edge-weight execution frequencies to determine which of the basic blocks to align on cache line boundaries. One method for obtaining profile information includes precompiling the source code, creating an executable program, executing the program with test inputs, and outputting a profile containing execution frequency information. Once the profile information is obtained, the source code can then be recompiled using the profile information. The compiler can then selectively cache align those blocks identified as important.
摘要翻译：提供一种编译器系统和方法，其可以1）从第一指令流生成第二指令流，2）读入并处理关于组成第二指令流的基本块的预定外部信息，以及3）将某些基本基于预测的执行频率在高速缓存线边界上的块。特别地，编译器系统和方法利用包含预测块执行或边缘权重执行频率的简档信息来确定哪些基本块在高速缓存行边界上对齐。用于获得简档信息的一种方法包括预编译源代码，创建可执行程序，使用测试输入执行程序，以及输出包含执行频率信息的简档。一旦获得了简档信息，就可以使用简档信息重新编译源代码。然后，编译器可以选择性地高速缓存将被标识为重要的块。

7. 发明授权

US5937196A Compiling with partial copy propagation 失效
标题翻译：使用部分复制传播进行编译
公开(公告)号：US5937196A
公开(公告)日：1999-08-10
申请号：US933705
申请日：1997-09-19
申请人： William Jon Schmidt , Edward Curtis Prosser , Robert Ralph Roediger
发明人： William Jon Schmidt , Edward Curtis Prosser , Robert Ralph Roediger
IPC分类号： G06F9/45
CPC分类号： G06F8/443
摘要： A compiler and method of compiling provide partial redundant copy elimination by eliminating copy statements having at least one eligible reachable use and at least one ineligible reachable use. To eliminate such statements, the used operand of each eligible use is replaced with the used operand in the copy statement, and the copy statement is duplicated prior to each ineligible use.
摘要翻译：编译器和编译方法通过消除具有至少一个符合条件的可达使用和至少一个不合格可达的使用的复制语句来提供部分冗余复制消除。为了消除这种陈述，每个合格使用的使用操作数被替换为复制语句中使用的操作数，并且在每个不合格使用之前复制副本。

8. 发明授权

US6090155A Optimizing apparatus and method for defining visibility boundaries in compiled code 失效
标题翻译：用于定义编译代码中的可见性边界的优化设备和方法
公开(公告)号：US6090155A
公开(公告)日：2000-07-18
申请号：US461943
申请日：1995-06-05
申请人： Robert John Donovan , Daniel Rodman Hicks , James Albert Kryka , David John Lambert , Robert Ralph Roediger
发明人： Robert John Donovan , Daniel Rodman Hicks , James Albert Kryka , David John Lambert , Robert Ralph Roediger
IPC分类号： G06F9/45
CPC分类号： G06F8/443
摘要： Apparatus and a method are provided for defining visibility boundaries in compiled code of an optimizing compiler used with a digital computer for converting a source program to an object code. The source program is received and a first intermediate representation of the source program is generated. A pseudo operation representing a predetermined event is inserted in the first intermediate representation. Sequential operations of the first intermediate representation including the inserted pseudo operations are processed for defining an internal data structure of the source program. A visibility boundary for a selected variable is identified responsive to identifying a pseudo operation in the first intermediate representation.
摘要翻译：提供了一种设备和方法，用于定义与用于将源程序转换为目标代码的数字计算机一起使用的优化编译器的编译代码中的可见性边界。源程序被接收，并且生成源程序的第一中间表示。在第一中间表示中插入表示预定事件的伪操作。处理包括插入的伪操作的第一中间表示的顺序操作用于定义源程序的内部数据结构。响应于在第一中间表示中识别伪操作来识别所选变量的可见性边界。

9. 发明授权

US07120907B2 Unrolling loops with partial hot traces 失效
标题翻译：展开循环与部分热痕迹
公开(公告)号：US07120907B2
公开(公告)日：2006-10-10
申请号：US10650544
申请日：2003-08-28
申请人： Robert Ralph Roediger , William Jon Schmidt , Peter Jerome Steinmetz
发明人： Robert Ralph Roediger , William Jon Schmidt , Peter Jerome Steinmetz
IPC分类号： G06F9/45 , G06F15/00
CPC分类号： G06F8/443
摘要： Methods and apparatus are disclosed for improved loop unrolling by a compiler. A large class of loops exists for which effective loop unrolling has not previously been performed because they are too large to be completely unrolled, but which do not have a single hot trace that covers an entire loop iteration. The present invention recognizes such loops that have partial hot traces identified using profile data. A set of instructions which constitute a proper superset of the hot trace and a proper subset of the entire loop, and which forms a complete loop iteration is identified. This set of instructions can then be unrolled without unrolling the entire loop.
摘要翻译：公开了用于由编译器改进循环展开的方法和装置。存在一个大类的循环，由于它们太大而不能完全展开，因此没有执行有效循环展开，因为它们没有覆盖整个循环迭代的单个热跟踪。本发明识别使用简档数据识别的部分热迹的这种循环。识别构成热跟踪的正确超集和整个循环的适当子集并且形成完整循环迭代的一组指令。然后可以展开这组指令，而不会展开整个循环。

10. 发明授权

US06938249B2 Compiler apparatus and method for optimizing loops in a computer program 有权
标题翻译：用于优化计算机程序中的循环的编译器装置和方法
公开(公告)号：US06938249B2
公开(公告)日：2005-08-30
申请号：US09992324
申请日：2001-11-19
申请人： Robert Ralph Roediger , William Jon Schmidt
发明人： Robert Ralph Roediger , William Jon Schmidt
IPC分类号： G06F9/45 , G06F11/34
CPC分类号： G06F11/3466 , G06F8/443 , G06F2201/865
摘要： A profile-based loop optimizer generates an execution frequency table for each loop that gives more detailed profile data that allows making a more intelligent decision regarding if and how to optimize each loop in the computer program. The execution frequency table contains entries that correlate a number of times a loop is executed each time the loop is entered with a count of the occurrences of each number during the execution of an instrumented instruction stream. The execution frequency table is used to determine whether there is one dominant mode that appears in the profile data, and if so, optimizes the loop according to the dominant mode. The optimizer may perform optimizations by peeling a loop, by unrolling a loop, and by performing both peeling and unrolling on a loop according to the profile data in the execution frequency table for the loop. In this manner the execution time of the resulting code is minimized according to the detailed profile data in the execution frequency tables, resulting in a computer program with loops that are more fully optimized.
摘要翻译：基于配置文件的循环优化器为每个循环生成执行频率表，以提供更详细的配置文件数据，从而可以对计算机程序中的每个循环是否以及如何优化。执行频率表包含将在每次循环输入时执行循环的次数与执行被测试指令流期间每个数字的出现次数相关联的条目。执行频率表用于确定在配置文件数据中是否存在一个主要模式，如果是，则根据主导模式优化循环。优化器可以通过剥离循环，展开循环，以及根据循环的执行频率表中的轮廓数据在循环上执行剥离和展开来执行优化。以这种方式，根据执行频率表中的详细简档数据，最终得到的代码的执行时间最小化，从而导致具有更完全优化的循环的计算机程序。

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