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    • 2. 发明授权
    • Spatial synchronization for optical communication system
    • 光通信系统的空间同步
    • US5532860A
    • 1996-07-02
    • US406437
    • 1995-03-20
    • John E. HersheyNabeel A. RizaAmer A. Hassan
    • John E. HersheyNabeel A. RizaAmer A. Hassan
    • G02B27/48H04J14/00
    • H04J14/00G02B27/48
    • A spatial synchronization method for an optical communications system includes the step of transmitting from a transmit aperture a pyramidal synchronizing profile so as to sequentially spatially register a user identification speckle pattern at a receive aperture. The iterative patterns in the pyramidal synchronizing profile detected by the receive array are processed and correlated with a library of respective user pyramidal synchronizing profiles so as to match and register the speckle pattern for a particular user. Registration of the user speckle pattern provides an offset value representing the spatial relation of a reference point of the user's pattern to a corresponding reference point of the receive aperture, which offset information is applied to a receive pattern processor so that the receive aperture is aligned with the transmitted speckle patterns.
    • 用于光通信系统的空间同步方法包括从发射孔径发送锥体同步分布的步骤,以便在接收孔径处依次空间地登记用户识别散斑图案。 由接收阵列检测的金字塔形同步分布中的迭代模式被处理并与相应用户锥体同步分布的文库相关联,以便匹配并注册特定用户的散斑图案。 用户斑点图案的注册提供表示用户图案的参考点与接收孔径的相应参考点的空间关系的偏移值,该偏移信息被施加到接收图案处理器,使得接收孔径与 传输的斑点图案。
    • 3. 发明授权
    • Method of geometric harmonic modulation (GHM)
    • 几何谐波调制方法(GHM)
    • US5563906A
    • 1996-10-08
    • US407560
    • 1995-03-20
    • John E. HersheyGary J. SaulnierAmer A. Hassan
    • John E. HersheyGary J. SaulnierAmer A. Hassan
    • H04B1/69H04B7/12
    • H04B1/69
    • The present invention provides a novel Geometric Harmonic Modulation (GHM) method. The GHM method functions in two modes, a preamble mode and a traffic mode. During the preamble mode, n+1 frequencies are each offset by a predetermined phase in a transmit unit and passed through a channel to a receive unit. The set of phases is used as the spreading code in the transmit unit, and also acts as an `address` of intended receive units. The receive unit monitors preamble signals to determine the phases. When it recognizes a set of phases, or `address`, which pertains to itself, the receive unit stores the phases and uses these phases to despread and decode the appended message. After the preamble mode is finished, the GHM modulator enters the traffic mode and requests the message to be transmitted from the message source. A traffic carrier waveform is created by multiplying tones, each having its specific phase. An analog or binary message is encoded by modulating the traffic carder waveform. The receive unit detects a preamble carrier and recovers the particular preamble phases to be used as the despreading `key`. The receive unit then employs the phases in despreading the received signal to recover the transmitted binary message.
    • 本发明提供了一种新颖的几何谐波调制(GHM)方法。 GHM方法在两种模式中起作用,即前导码模式和流量模式。 在前导码模式期间,n + 1个频率各自在发送单元中被预定的相位偏移并且通过信道被传送到接收单元。 该组相位被用作发送单元中的扩展码,并且还用作预期接收单元的“地址”。 接收单元监视前置信号以确定相位。 当它识别与本身相关的一组相位或“地址”时,接收单元存储相位并使用这些相位对所附加的消息进行解扩和解码。 在前导码模式完成之后,GHM调制器进入业务模式,并请求消息从消息源发送。 通过乘以每个具有其特定相位的音调来创建交通载波波形。 模拟或二进制消息通过调制业务量卡波形进行编码。 接收单元检测前同步码载波并恢复要用作解扩“密钥”的特定前同步码相位。 然后,接收单元采用解扩接收信号的相位来恢复发送的二进制消息。
    • 4. 发明授权
    • Technique for frequency-hopped spread spectrum communications
    • 跳频扩频通信技术
    • US5166953A
    • 1992-11-24
    • US605714
    • 1990-10-30
    • John E. HersheyAmer A. HassanCharles M. Puckette
    • John E. HersheyAmer A. HassanCharles M. Puckette
    • H04B1/7136H04B1/715H04K3/00
    • H04B1/7136H04B1/715H04K3/25H04K3/827H04B2001/71362H04B2001/7152
    • A countermeasure to a partial-band follower jammer for frequency hopping spread spectrum communication systems employs an M-ary orthogonal frequency shift keyed (FSK) signaling system having q frequency channels available for hopping. During each signaling interval, the transmitter and receiver operate in either a conventional or unconventional mode. The conventional mode is selected by the transmitter and the receiver with a pseudorandom probability p.sub.c. In this mode, the transmitter transmits one of r tones within the corresponding hop (i.e., within one of q channels), and log.sub.2 r information bits are conveyed, while the receiver comprises a dehopper followed by noncoherent matched filters. The unconventional mode is selected with probability 1-p.sub.c. In this mode, the transmitter randomly chooses one of the r tones and transmits it in one of r channels within each hop, where the r channels are selected pseudorandomly. In the unconventional mode, log.sub.2 r information bits are transmitted and the receiver comprises a bank of r radiometers.
    • 用于跳频扩频通信系统的部分带跟随器干扰器的对策采用具有可用于跳频的q个频率信道的M进制正交频移键控(FSK)信令系统。 在每个信令间隔期间,发射机和接收机以常规或非常规模式工作。 常规模式由具有伪随机概率pc的发射机和接收机选择。 在该模式中,发射机在对应的跳频(即,在q个信道之一内)之间发送r个音调中的一个,并且传送log2r信息比特,而接收机包括后卫非相干匹配滤波器。 非常规模式以概率1-pc选择。 在这种模式下,发射机随机选择一个r个音调,并在每个跳频中的一个r个信道中发送,其中r个信道被伪随机地选择。 在非常规模式下,发送log2r信息位,并且接收器包括一组r辐射计。
    • 6. 发明授权
    • Apparatus and method for secure radio communication
    • 安全无线电通信的装置和方法
    • US5604806A
    • 1997-02-18
    • US376144
    • 1995-01-20
    • Amer A. HassanJohn E. HersheySandeep Chennakeshu
    • Amer A. HassanJohn E. HersheySandeep Chennakeshu
    • H04L9/16H04B17/00H04K1/00H04L9/08H04Q7/38H04L9/00
    • H04L9/0838H04B17/24H04J13/00H04K1/00H04L2209/80
    • Characteristics of the radio channel are used to establish key sequences for use in encrypting communicated information. These characteristics are the short-term reciprocity and rapid spatial decorrelation of phase of the radio channel. The keys can be established with computations equivalent to a bounded distance decoding procedure, and the decoder used to establish a key may be used for processing the subsequent data transmission. Compared to classical and public-key systems, an alternative mechanism for establishing and sharing key sequences that depends on a physical process is provided in which each party need not generate a pseudorandom quantity because the necessary randomness is provided by the temporal and spatial non-stationarity of the communication channel itself. By using a channel decoder, the probability of two users establishing the same secret key is substantially unity, and the probability of an eavesdropper establishing the same key is substantially zero. Also, the number of possible keys is large enough that finding the correct one by exhaustive search is impractical.
    • 无线电信道的特征用于建立用于加密通信信息的密钥序列。 这些特征是无线电信道相位的短期互惠和快速空间去相关。 可以通过与有界距离解码过程等效的计算来建立密钥,并且用于建立密钥的解码器可以用于处理随后的数据传输。 与古典和公钥系统相比,提供了一种用于建立和共享依赖于物理过程的密钥序列的替代机制,其中每个方不需要生成伪随机数,因为必要的随机性由时间和空间非平稳性 的通信信道本身。 通过使用信道解码器,建立相同密钥的两个用户的概率基本上是一致的,并且建立相同密钥的窃听者的概率基本为零。 此外,可能的键的数量足够大,通过穷举搜索找到正确的键是不切实际的。
    • 8. 发明授权
    • Geometric harmonic modulation (GHM)-digital implementation
    • 几何谐波调制(GHM)数字实现
    • US5519692A
    • 1996-05-21
    • US407554
    • 1995-03-20
    • John E. HersheyGary J. SaulnierAmer A. Hassan
    • John E. HersheyGary J. SaulnierAmer A. Hassan
    • H04B1/69H04L27/26H04K1/00
    • H04B1/69H04L27/2601
    • A set of phases defining an `address` and a `spreading key` is selected. These are employed in determining a preamble waveform and a traffic waveform. The preamble carrier waveform is a sum of a set of tones each offset by its phase, whereas the traffic carrier waveform is the product of these same offset tones. The tones have frequencies which are geometrically increasing multiples of a fundamental frequency. The phases and magnitudes of the preamble and traffic carrier waveforms are determined and prestored in a transmit and receive unit storage device. An inverse discrete Fourier Transform unit (IDFT) in the transmit unit receives the phase preamble offsets and magnitudes from the storage unit and creates a preamble carrier signal transmitted to the receive unit which determines if the phases match those which it is to listen to. If not, the following message is ignored; if they are, the following message is despread and decoded. IDFT creates a traffic carrier waveform from the traffic phases and magnitudes. Binary information is encoded in the carrier, processed and transmitted to the receive unit. A discrete Fourier Transform unit converts the received signal into phases and magnitudes. A dot product unit determines a dot product of the phase and magnitudes of the received signal and the traffic carrier waveform over a number of frequencies. A decision unit determines a binary message from the dot product.
    • 选择定义“地址”和“扩展密钥”的一组相位。 这些用于确定前导码波形和业务波形。 前导码载波波形是每个偏移其相位的一组音调的和,而业务载波波形是这些相同偏移音调的乘积。 音调具有几何上增加基频倍数的频率。 前导码和业务载波波形的相位和幅度被确定并预存储在发送和接收单元存储设备中。 发送单元中的离散傅里叶逆变换单元(IDFT)从存储单元接收相位前导偏移量和幅度,并产生发送到接收单元的前导码载波信号,该信号确定相位是否匹配要收听的相位。 如果没有,则忽略以下消息; 如果它们是,则以下消息被解扩和解码。 IDFT从交通阶段和幅度创建一个载波波形。 二进制信息被编码在载体中,被处理并发送到接收单元。 离散傅立叶变换单元将接收的信号转换为相位和幅度。 点积单位确定接收信号的相位和幅度以及多个频率上的业务载波波形的积积。 决策单元从点积确定二进制消息。