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    • 2. 发明授权
    • Signal processing apparatus with selective power amplification
    • 具有选择性功率放大的信号处理装置
    • US6028944A
    • 2000-02-22
    • US810431
    • 1997-03-04
    • Mitchell A. MarkowRabah S. Hamdi
    • Mitchell A. MarkowRabah S. Hamdi
    • H03F3/217H03G5/00H03G7/00H03F21/00
    • H03G5/005H03F3/2173H03G5/165H03G7/007
    • A signal processing apparatus for processing data digital signals is disclosed. The signal processing apparatus includes a high-efficiency power switching amplifier that optimizes processing during low-power applications. A signal equalizer is further coupled to the power switching amplifier and has a plurality of signal bands for defining equalization characteristic desired for the signal processing system. A gain control unit is coupled to the signal equalizer for adjusting gain of the equalized input signal handled by the signal equalizer. Lastly, a digital amplitude compressor is coupled to the gain controller and the power switching amplifier and is programmable so as to compress only those signals having an amplitude greater than a first threshold level without compressing those signals that fall below that first threshold level. Typically, low-power applications cover wattage ranging from two to seven watts of power.
    • 公开了一种用于处理数据数字信号的信号处理装置。 该信号处理装置包括一个在低功率应用中优化处理的高效率功率开关放大器。 信号均衡器还耦合到功率开关放大器,并且具有用于定义信号处理系统所需的均衡特性的多个信号频带。 增益控制单元耦合到信号均衡器,用于调整由信号均衡器处理的均衡输入信号的增益。 最后,数字幅度压缩器耦合到增益控制器和功率开关放大器,并且是可编程的,以便只压缩具有大于第一阈值电平的幅度的那些信号,而不压缩那些低于第一阈值电平的信号。 通常,低功耗应用覆盖功率从2到7瓦的功率。
    • 4. 发明授权
    • Method of custom designing directional responses for a microphone of a portable computer
    • 为便携式计算机的麦克风定制方向响应的方法
    • US06633647B1
    • 2003-10-14
    • US08885984
    • 1997-06-30
    • Mitchell A. MarkowDavid E. Gough
    • Mitchell A. MarkowDavid E. Gough
    • H04R300
    • H04R1/406
    • Custom designed polar patterns for a microphone of a portable computer are achieved. A custom designed polar pattern permits a microphone in a portable computer to suppress sources of spatially-dependent noise internal and external to a portable computer system. A custom designed polar pattern is generated by specially configuring the boot of a microphone by varying the hole sizes of the boot and/or varying location of the microphone element in the boot. In addition, the shape of a particular polar pattern may be adjusted by inserting acoustic absorption material into the boot, forming enclosed walls into the boot, or rotating the top shell of the portable computer which contains the microphone relative to the bottom shell of the portable computer. Thus, a directional response of a microphone may be form-fitted to a particular portable computer configuration.
    • 实现了用于便携式计算机的麦克风的定制设计的极坐标图案。 定制设计的极性图案允许便携式计算机中的麦克风抑制便携式计算机系统内部和外部的与空间相关的噪声源。 通过改变靴子的孔尺寸和/或靴子中的麦克风元件的变化位置来专门配置麦克风的引导件来产生定制设计的极坐标图案。 此外,特定极性图形的形状可以通过将吸声材料插入靴子中来调节,将封闭的壁形成靴子,或者使包含麦克风的便携式计算机的顶壳相对于便携式的底部壳体旋转 电脑。 因此,麦克风的定向响应可以形成为特定的便携式计算机配置
    • 5. 发明授权
    • Slope-based primary feedback to control the off-time of a power supply
    • 基于斜率的主要反馈来控制电源的关闭时间
    • US06314010B1
    • 2001-11-06
    • US09513678
    • 2000-02-25
    • Mitchell A. MarkowStephen K. Gustafson
    • Mitchell A. MarkowStephen K. Gustafson
    • H02M3335
    • H02M3/33507H02M2001/009
    • A high voltage flyback power supply provides slope-based primary feedback to control the off-time of the power supply. When a negative slope is detected at a low side of a primary winding of the power supply, an off-time cycle is terminated and a next on-time cycle is initiated. The slope-based off-time primary feedback helps to keep the off-time of the power supply in sync with ringing of the primary leakage inductance and the primary-side capacitance of the power supply. Such a power supply is particularly useful for battery-powered systems with low voltage rails. The power supply can also include on-time feedback to shorten the on-time of the power supply after the secondary-side voltage rises beyond a certain relatively high voltage level. In this way, the transformer of the power supply is charged less when the power supply is driving relatively light loads.
    • 高电压回扫电源提供基于斜率的初级反馈来控制电源的关闭时间。 当在电源的初级绕组的低侧检测到负斜率时,停止关闭时间循环并且开始下一个接通时间周期。 基于斜率的关断时间主反馈有助于保持电源的关闭时间与主要漏电感和电源的初级侧电容的振铃同步。 这种电源对于具有低电压轨的电池供电的系统特别有用。 电源还可以包括准时反馈,以在次级侧电压升高超过某个相对高的电压电平之后缩短电源的接通时间。 这样,当电源驱动相对较轻的负载时,电源的变压器充电较少。
    • 6. 发明授权
    • Thin film speaker apparatus for use in a thin film video monitor device
    • 用于薄膜视频监视器的薄膜扬声器装置
    • US5796854A
    • 1998-08-18
    • US810432
    • 1997-03-04
    • Mitchell A. Markow
    • Mitchell A. Markow
    • G06F1/16H04R1/02H04R5/02H04R7/04H04R7/06H04R17/00H04R25/00
    • G06F1/1616G06F1/1688H04R5/02H04R1/028H04R17/00H04R2205/022H04R2499/15H04R7/04H04R7/06
    • A speaker system for use in a thin film video monitor apparatus is disclosed. The video monitor apparatus includes a thin film video display panel as well as a stiffening panel adjacent to the thin film video display panel. Next, a plurality of piezo speaker transducers are attached to one of the sides of the stiffening panel. The stiffening panel typically is composed of a material such as aluminum honeycomb sheets or a polycarbonate sheet. Other materials for use as the stiffener may include magnesium shells or ABS plastic. The speakers are defined so that a first sound channel and a second sound channel are provided, and these sound channels can define a left and right channel for proper stereo imaging. Between the video monitor and the stiffening panel is located an electromagnetic interference (EMI) shield. Further, a transmission line is provided to connect a first piezo transducer to a second piezo transducer in such a way so that frequency overlap can occur between the two transducers based upon the transmission line distance defined for the first piezo transducer and for the second piezo transducer. Further, the transmission line may have the same distance between both speakers where frequency overlap is not a concern. The stiffening panel is provided to increase the mobile energy in the lower frequencies during operation.
    • 公开了一种用于薄膜视频监视器装置的扬声器系统。 视频监视器装置包括薄膜视频显示面板以及与薄膜视频显示面板相邻的加强板。 接下来,多个压电扬声器换能器附接到加强板的一侧。 加强板通常由铝蜂窝片或聚碳酸酯片等材料构成。 用作加强筋的其它材料可包括镁壳或ABS塑料。 扬声器被定义为使得提供第一声道和第二声道,并且这些声道可以定义用于正确立体声成像的左右声道。 在视频监视器和加强板之间设有电磁干扰(EMI)屏蔽。 此外,传输线被提供以将第一压电换能器连接到第二压电换能器,使得基于为第一压电换能器和第二压电换能器定义的传输线距离,两个换能器之间可能发生频率重叠 。 此外,传输线可以在两个扬声器之间具有相同的距离,其中不重视频率重叠。 提供加强板以在操作期间增加较低频率下的移动能量。
    • 7. 发明授权
    • Computer with acoustic driver built into acoustically leaky chassis
    • 具有声学驱动器的计算机内置在声学泄漏的底盘中
    • US07142683B1
    • 2006-11-28
    • US09259852
    • 1999-03-01
    • Mitchell A. MarkowDavid E. Gough
    • Mitchell A. MarkowDavid E. Gough
    • H04R1/02H04R9/06
    • H04R1/025H04R2499/15
    • A desktop computer which has a driver mounted in the back wall of the chassis. The chassis is acoustically a very leaky box, so the driver is designed as if it were a free-space driver (using large cone area and long throw). In one class of embodiments, a single driver is used, and is centered in the back of the box so that there is an equal left-right split, although not true stereo. The front of the box may be made more acoustically leaky to move the acoustic image forward. The treatment of the box as being acoustically leaky means that the airflow required for thermal management has not been restricted. The use of a long-throw driver permits the volume-velocity of the driver to be increased. Treatment of the box as very leaky also means that no user changes or custom configurations will significantly disturb the expected acoustic environment. An audio system incorporating a free-space driver with an equalizer designed for use with a free-space driver further improves acoustic quality. Gain staging may also be used to improve acoustic quality of the audio system.
    • 一种台式计算机,其具有安装在底盘的后壁中的驱动器。 底盘在声学上是一个非常泄漏的盒子,所以驱动程序的设计就像是一个自由空间的驱动程序(使用大的锥面积和长的投掷)。 在一类实施例中,使用单个驱动器,并且在盒的后部居中,使得存在相同的左右分割,尽管不是真正的立体声。 盒子的前部可能会使声音泄漏,以使声像向前移动。 盒子的声学泄漏处理意味着热管理所需的气流没有受到限制。 使用长投掷驱动器可以增加驾驶员的体积 - 速度。 处理盒子非常泄漏也意味着没有用户更改或定制配置将显着打扰预期的声学环境。 包含设计用于自由空间驱动器的均衡器的自由空间驱动器的音频系统进一步提高了声音质量。 增益分级也可用于改善音频系统的声学质量。
    • 8. 发明授权
    • Method and apparatus for independent gain control of a microphone and speaker for a speakerphone mode and a non-speakerphone audio mode of a computer system
    • 用于独立增益控制用于计算机系统的扬声器电话模式和非扬声器音频模式的麦克风和扬声器的方法和装置
    • US06195437B1
    • 2001-02-27
    • US08941580
    • 1997-09-30
    • Mitchell A. MarkowJeremy FordJi-An Gong
    • Mitchell A. MarkowJeremy FordJi-An Gong
    • H04B1500
    • H04M1/6033H04M9/08
    • A method and apparatus for controlling acoustic gain during a non-speakerphone audio mode of computer system independent of acoustic gain during a speakerphone mode of the computer system is provided. The BIOS code of the computer system detects whether the computer system is in a speakerphone mode or a non-speakerphone audio mode. If the computer system is in a speakerphone mode, an upper gain limit is not applied to the microphone path of the computer system. If the computer system is in a non-speakerphone audio mode, a predetermined upper gain limit is applied to the microphone path of the computer system. The predetermined upper gain limit is preferably applied to the microphone path at either a microphone pre-amplifier or an audio mixer chip in the microphone path of the computer system.
    • 提供一种在计算机系统的免提电话模式期间独立于声学增益的用于控制计算机系统的非扬声器电话音频模式期间的声增益的方法和装置。 计算机系统的BIOS代码检测计算机系统是扬声器模式还是非扬声器音频模式。 如果计算机系统处于免提模式,则不会对计算机系统的麦克风路径应用较高的增益限制。 如果计算机系统处于非扬声器音频模式,则将预定的上限增益限制应用于计算机系统的麦克风路径。 优选地,在计算机系统的麦克风路径中的麦克风前置放大器或音频混合器芯片的麦克风路径处应用预定的上限增益限制。
    • 10. 发明授权
    • Multiple channel speaker system for a portable computer
    • 用于便携式计算机的多声道扬声器系统
    • US5930376A
    • 1999-07-27
    • US810430
    • 1997-03-04
    • Mitchell A. MarkowSteven S. Homer
    • Mitchell A. MarkowSteven S. Homer
    • G06F1/16H04R1/02H04R5/02H04R17/00
    • G06F1/1616G06F1/1688H04R5/02H04R1/028H04R17/00H04R2205/022H04R2499/15
    • A laptop computer is disclosed that includes an improved audio speaker system. The laptop computer typically is designed to have a first shell and a second shell that are attached together. Typically located within the first shell are a central processing unit, a keyboard, and other circuits such as a battery, a hard disk storage, and other connectors such as a PCMCIA slot. A video monitor is typically located in the second shell of the laptop computer and is coupled to the central processing unit via a system bust, or a video driver is provided that may be subsequently coupled to the CPU, such that the video driver drives the video monitor. Then, an audio speaker system is provided that in one embodiment is mounted in a back portion of the second shell that is located opposite the video monitor. This audio speaker system includes a transmission line comprising a first piezo speaker and a second piezo speaker. The transmission line is set at such a distance so that the first piezo speaker can cover a selected range of frequencies while the second piezo speaker is set at a second distance in such a manner as to skew the frequency response between the first piezo speaker and the second piezo speaker, thereby providing frequency overlap to occur between the two speakers.
    • 公开了一种包括改进的音频扬声器系统的膝上型计算机。 笔记本电脑通常设计成具有附接在一起的第一壳和第二壳。 通常位于第一壳体内的是中央处理单元,键盘和诸如电池,硬盘存储器以及诸如PCMCIA插槽的其它连接器的其它电路。 视频监视器通常位于膝上型计算机的第二壳体中,并且经由系统胸围耦合到中央处理单元,或者提供可以随后耦合到CPU的视频驱动器,使得视频驱动器驱动视频 监控。 然后,提供一种音频扬声器系统,其在一个实施例中被安装在与视频监视器相对的第二壳体的后部。 该音频扬声器系统包括包括第一压电扬声器和第二压电扬声器的传输线。 传输线设置为这样的距离,使得第一压电扬声器可以覆盖选定的频率范围,而第二压电扬声器被设置在第二距离处,使得倾斜第一压电扬声器和第一压电扬声器之间的频率响应 第二压电扬声器,从而提供在两个扬声器之间发生的频率重叠。