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1. 发明申请

US20050013500A1 Intelligent differential quantization of video coding 有权
标题翻译：智能差分量化的视频编码
公开(公告)号：US20050013500A1
公开(公告)日：2005-01-20
申请号：US10623195
申请日：2003-07-18
申请人： Ming-Chieh Lee , Bruce Lin , Pohsiang Hsu , Thomas Holcomb
发明人： Ming-Chieh Lee , Bruce Lin , Pohsiang Hsu , Thomas Holcomb
IPC分类号： G06K9/36 , G06K9/38 , H04N7/26
CPC分类号： H04N19/17 , H04N19/124 , H04N19/137 , H04N19/176
摘要： With intelligent differential quantization, a video codec intelligently quantizes video at differing strength levels within a frame, such as on a macroblock (MB) or a group of MB basis. This allows the codec to control bit usage on a finer granularity than a frame to meet hardware constraints, as well as providing perceptual optimization by coarsely quantizing unimportant regions, while finely quantizing important regions within a frame. The intelligent differential quantization uses motion information gathered from encoding and analysis of the video to classify the importance of different regions of the image, and quantizes the regions accordingly. In addition, the intelligent differential quantization include efficient signaling of information as to the differential quantization strengths in the compressed bit stream.
摘要翻译：通过智能差分量化，视频编解码器在帧内以不同的强度水平智能量化视频，例如在宏块（MB）或一组基于MB的基础上。这允许编解码器以比帧更精细的粒度来控制比特使用以满足硬件约束，以及通过粗略量化不重要区域来提供感知优化，同时精细量化帧内的重要区域。智能差分量化使用从视频的编码和分析中收集的运动信息来分类图像的不同区域的重要性，并且相应地量化该区域。此外，智能差分量化包括关于压缩比特流中的差分量化强度的信息的有效信令。

2. 发明申请

US20050013498A1 Coding of motion vector information 审中-公开
标题翻译：运动矢量信息编码
公开(公告)号：US20050013498A1
公开(公告)日：2005-01-20
申请号：US10622841
申请日：2003-07-18
申请人： Sridhar Srinivasan , Pohsiang Hsu , Thomas Holcomb , Kunal Mukerjee , Bruce Lin
发明人： Sridhar Srinivasan , Pohsiang Hsu , Thomas Holcomb , Kunal Mukerjee , Bruce Lin
IPC分类号： G06K9/36 , G06K9/46
CPC分类号： H04N19/137 , G06K9/36 , G06K9/46 , H04N7/52 , H04N19/132 , H04N19/139 , H04N19/176 , H04N19/51 , H04N19/513 , H04N19/61 , H04N19/63 , H04N19/91
摘要： Techniques and tools for encoding and decoding motion vector information for video images are described. For example, a video encoder yields an extended motion vector code by jointly coding, for a set of pixels, a switch code, motion vector information, and a terminal symbol indicating whether subsequent data is encoded for the set of pixels. In another aspect, an encoder/decoder selects motion vector predictors for macroblocks. In another aspect, a video encoder/decoder uses hybrid motion vector prediction. In another aspect, a video encoder/decoder signals a motion vector mode for a predicted image. In another aspect, a video decoder decodes a set of pixels by receiving an extended motion vector code, which reflects joint encoding of motion information together with intra/inter-coding information and a terminal symbol. The decoder determines whether subsequent data exists for the set of pixels based on e.g., the terminal symbol.
摘要翻译：描述用于编码和解码用于视频图像的运动矢量信息的技术和工具。例如，视频编码器通过针对一组像素共同编码一个开关码，运动矢量信息和指示后续数据是否被编码用于像素集合的终端符号来产生扩展运动矢量码。在另一方面，编码器/解码器为宏块选择运动矢量预测器。在另一方面，视频编码器/解码器使用混合运动矢量预测。在另一方面，视频编码器/解码器针对预测图像发送运动矢量模式。在另一方面，视频解码器通过接收扩展运动矢量码来解码一组像素，该扩展运动矢量码反映运动信息的联合编码以及帧内/帧间编码信息和终端符号。解码器基于例如终端符号确定对于像素集合是否存在后续数据。

3. 发明申请

US20050013373A1 Range reduction 有权
标题翻译：范围缩小
公开(公告)号：US20050013373A1
公开(公告)日：2005-01-20
申请号：US10893801
申请日：2004-07-16
申请人： Bruce Lin , Pohsiang Hsu , Sridhar Srinivasan , Thomas Holcomb
发明人： Bruce Lin , Pohsiang Hsu , Sridhar Srinivasan , Thomas Holcomb
IPC分类号： H04N7/12
CPC分类号： H04N19/44 , H04N19/126 , H04N19/136 , H04N19/182 , H04N19/46 , H04N19/51 , H04N19/61 , H04N19/70
摘要： Techniques and tools are described for decoding video data having samples that have been scaled in the spatial domain. For example, a decoder receives a bit stream that includes coded video data for a current frame. The decoder processes at least one syntax element (e.g., sequence layer flag, frame layer flag) that indicates whether the current frame should be scaled up in value in a spatial domain. If so, then the samples for the current frame are scaled up in value in the spatial domain. As another example, for a reference frame used in motion compensation for a current frame, a decoder scales samples of the reference frame so the range of the reference frame matches the range of the current frame.
摘要翻译：描述了用于对具有在空间域中缩放的样本的视频数据进行解码的技术和工具。例如，解码器接收包括当前帧的编码视频数据的比特流。解码器处理至少一个语法元素（例如，序列层标志，帧层标志），其指示当前帧是否应当在空间域中的值中放大。如果是这样，则当前帧的样本在空间域中的值被放大。作为另一示例，对于在当前帧的运动补偿中使用的参考帧，解码器缩放参考帧的样本，使得参考帧的范围与当前帧的范围匹配。

4. 发明申请

US20050013497A1 Intraframe and interframe interlace coding and decoding 有权
标题翻译：帧内和帧间交错编码和解码
公开(公告)号：US20050013497A1
公开(公告)日：2005-01-20
申请号：US10622284
申请日：2003-07-18
申请人： Pohsiang Hsu , Bruce Lin , Thomas Holcomb , Kunal Mukerjee , Sridhar Srinivasan
发明人： Pohsiang Hsu , Bruce Lin , Thomas Holcomb , Kunal Mukerjee , Sridhar Srinivasan
IPC分类号： G06K9/36 , G06K9/46 , H04N7/26 , H04N7/46 , H04N7/50
CPC分类号： H04N19/577 , H04N19/102 , H04N19/107 , H04N19/136 , H04N19/16 , H04N19/18 , H04N19/186 , H04N19/46 , H04N19/52 , H04N19/61
摘要： Techniques and tools for encoding and decoding video images (e.g., interlaced frames) are described. For example, a video encoder or decoder processes 4:1:1 format macroblocks comprising four 8×8 luminance blocks and four 4×8 chrominance blocks. In another aspect, fields in field-coded macroblocks are coded independently of one another (e.g., by sending encoded blocks in field order). Other aspects include DC/AC prediction techniques and motion vector prediction techniques for interlaced frames.
摘要翻译：描述了用于编码和解码视频图像（例如，隔行扫描帧）的技术和工具。例如，视频编码器或解码器处理包括四个8×8亮度块和四个4×8色度块的4:1:1格式宏块。在另一方面，字段编码宏块中的字段彼此独立地被编码（例如，通过以现场顺序发送编码的块）。其他方面包括用于交错帧的DC / AC预测技术和运动矢量预测技术。

5. 依法登记的发明

USH2240H1 Membrane electrode assemblies 有权
公开(公告)号：USH2240H1
公开(公告)日：2010-05-04
申请号：US11408359
申请日：2006-04-21
申请人： Michael T Davis , Francine Berretta , Siyu Ye , Bien H Chiem , Goran R Vlajnic , Bruce Lin
发明人： Michael T Davis , Francine Berretta , Siyu Ye , Bien H Chiem , Goran R Vlajnic , Bruce Lin
IPC分类号： H01M4/00
摘要： Performance in solid polymer electrolyte fuel cells can be improved by varying the characteristics of the ionomer used in the electrode of a membrane electrode assembly. For instance, increasing the ionomer to catalyst ratio can allow for improved performance under drier operating conditions (e.g., when less humidified reactants or higher operating temperatures are used) or when starting up in below freezing conditions.

6. 发明申请

US20070003802A1 Thermal control of fuel cell for improved cold start 有权
标题翻译：燃料电池的热控制，以改善冷启动
公开(公告)号：US20070003802A1
公开(公告)日：2007-01-04
申请号：US11472819
申请日：2006-06-21
申请人： Bruce Lin
发明人： Bruce Lin
IPC分类号： H01M8/04
CPC分类号： H01M8/04268 , H01M8/04007 , H01M8/04029 , H01M8/0432 , H01M8/04365 , H01M8/04768 , H01M8/04955 , H01M16/003 , H01M2008/1095
摘要： Improvements in startup time for an electrochemical fuel cell system from freezing and sub-freezing temperatures are obtained by utilizing an insulated fuel cell stack in combination with an thermal control subsystem. Temperature of the insulated electrochemical fuel cell stack, as well as temperature of the ambient environment, are monitored and a heating fluid is heated by thermal transfer with the environment under appropriate thermal conditions. The heated fluid is then passed to the insulated fuel cell in order to increase the temperature of the same, typically to a temperature at or near the temperature of the ambient environment. In this manner, ambient heat from the environment is utilized to increase the temperature of the insulated fuel cell stack, thus improving conditions for subsequent cold start of the insulated fuel cell stack.
摘要翻译：通过利用与热控制子系统组合的绝缘燃料电池堆，可获得从冷冻和低温温度获得的电化学燃料电池系统的启动时间的改进。监测绝缘电化学燃料电池堆的温度以及周围环境的温度，并通过在适当的热条件下与环境的热转移来加热加热流体。然后将加热的流体传递到绝缘燃料电池，以便将其温度通常升高到等于或接近周围环境温度的温度。以这种方式，利用来自环境的环境热量来提高隔热燃料电池堆的温度，从而改善隔热燃料电池堆随后的冷起动的条件。

7. 发明授权

US08619861B2 Texture sensitive temporal filter based on motion estimation 有权
标题翻译：基于运动估计的纹理敏感时间滤波器
公开(公告)号：US08619861B2
公开(公告)日：2013-12-31
申请号：US12037925
申请日：2008-02-26
申请人： Peter X. Zuo , Bruce Lin , Bharath Siravara , Walid Ali
发明人： Peter X. Zuo , Bruce Lin , Bharath Siravara , Walid Ali
IPC分类号： H04N7/12 , H04N11/02 , H04N11/04
CPC分类号： H04N19/00684 , H04N19/139 , H04N19/513 , H04N19/82 , H04N19/85
摘要： Architecture that employs texture sensitive temporal filtering to reuse motion estimation information in a realtime encoder. The temporal filter is applied for classified static areas. The architecture reuses the motion estimation results on motion vectors, cost estimates (e.g., sum of absolute difference (SAD)), and edge awareness texture information to apply the temporal filter on the current picture. Filtering can be applied at the pixel level, block level or macroblock level.
摘要翻译：采用纹理敏感时间滤波的结构在实时编码器中重用运动估计信息。时间滤波器被应用于分类的静态区域。该架构重新使用关于运动矢量的运动估计结果，成本估计（例如，绝对差的总和（SAD））和边缘感知纹理信息以将时间滤波器应用于当前图像。可以在像素级，块级或宏块级应用滤波。

8. 发明申请

US20090196338A1 ENTROPY CODING EFFICIENCY ENHANCEMENT UTILIZING ENERGY DISTRIBUTION REMAPPING 有权
标题翻译：使用能源分配改造的熵编码效率提升
公开(公告)号：US20090196338A1
公开(公告)日：2009-08-06
申请号：US12026534
申请日：2008-02-05
申请人： Walid Ali , Shankar Regunathan , Guo-Wei Shieh , Bruce Lin , Bharath Siravara , Ce Wang
发明人： Walid Ali , Shankar Regunathan , Guo-Wei Shieh , Bruce Lin , Bharath Siravara , Ce Wang
IPC分类号： H04B1/66
CPC分类号： H04N19/85
摘要： Architecture for enhancing the compression (e.g., luma, chroma) of a video signal and improving the perceptual quality of the video compression schemes. The architecture operates to reshape the normal multimodal energy distribution of the input video signal to a new energy distribution. In the context of luma, the algorithm maps the black and white (or contrast) information of a picture to a new energy distribution. For example, the contrast can be enhanced in the middle range of the luma spectrum, thereby improving the contrast between a light foreground object and a dark background. At the same time, the algorithm reduces the bit-rate requirements at a particular quantization step size. The algorithm can be utilized also in post-processing to improve the quality of decoded video.
摘要翻译：用于增强视频信号的压缩（例如，亮度，色度）并提高视频压缩方案的感知质量的体系结构。该架构用于将输入视频信号的正常多模态能量分布重新形成新的能量分布。在亮度的上下文中，该算法将图像的黑白（或对比）信息映射到新的能量分布。例如，可以在亮度光谱的中间范围内增强对比度，从而改善光前景物体和暗背景之间的对比度。同时，该算法降低了特定量化步长的比特率要求。该算法也可用于后处理，以提高解码视频的质量。

9. 发明申请

US20050271908A1 Cooling subsystem for an electrochemical fuel cell system 审中-公开
标题翻译：电化学燃料电池系统的冷却子系统
公开(公告)号：US20050271908A1
公开(公告)日：2005-12-08
申请号：US10860554
申请日：2004-06-02
申请人： Bruce Lin , Amy Nelson , Alvin Lee , Jean St-Pierre
发明人： Bruce Lin , Amy Nelson , Alvin Lee , Jean St-Pierre
IPC分类号： H01M8/00 , H01M8/04
CPC分类号： H01M8/04302 , H01M8/04029 , H01M8/04223 , H01M8/04225 , H01M2300/0082
摘要： A method for operating a cooling subsystem of an electrochemical fuel cell system during startup is disclosed. The method comprises directing a startup coolant through an electrochemical fuel cell stack of the fuel cell system, and directing a standard coolant through the fuel cell stack when the temperature of either the fuel cell stack or the startup coolant reaches a first predetermined temperature, wherein the heat capacity of the startup coolant is different from than the heat capacity of the standard coolant. Cooling subsystems are also disclosed.
摘要翻译：公开了一种在启动期间操作电化学燃料电池系统的冷却子系统的方法。该方法包括：当燃料电池堆或启动冷却剂的温度达到第一预定温度时，引导启动冷却剂通过燃料电池系统的电化学燃料电池堆，以及引导标准冷却剂通过燃料电池堆，其中起动冷却液的热容量与标准冷却液的热容量不同。还公开了冷却子系统。

10. 发明授权

US06698278B2 Indirect measurement of fuel concentration in a liquid feed fuel cell 失效
标题翻译：间接测量液体进料燃料电池中的燃料浓度
公开(公告)号：US06698278B2
公开(公告)日：2004-03-02
申请号：US10033758
申请日：2001-12-19
申请人： Jiujun Zhang , Kevin M. Colbow , Alfred Wong , Bruce Lin
发明人： Jiujun Zhang , Kevin M. Colbow , Alfred Wong , Bruce Lin
IPC分类号： G01N2500
CPC分类号： H01M8/04194
摘要： In an operating liquid feed fuel cell system, fuel concentration in the fuel stream can be calculated as a function of the observed current, the temperature of the fuel stream entering the fuel cell stack, and the temperature of the fuel cell stack itself, thereby eliminating the need for a separate sensor. Typically, methanol will be used as the fuel and the liquid feed fuel cell system will thus be a direct methanol fuel cell system.
摘要翻译：在操作的液体进料燃料电池系统中，燃料流中的燃料浓度可以根据观察到的电流，进入燃料电池堆的燃料流的温度和燃料电池堆本身的温度来计算，由此消除需要一个单独的传感器。通常，将使用甲醇作为燃料，因此液体进料燃料电池系统将是直接的甲醇燃料电池系统。

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