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1. 发明授权

US6087036A Thermal management system and method for a solid-state energy storing device 失效
标题翻译：固态储能装置的热管理系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US6087036A
公开(公告)日：2000-07-11
申请号：US900566
申请日：1997-07-25
申请人： Roger Rouillard , Michael K. Domroese , Michel Gauthier , Joseph A. Hoffman , David D. Lindeman , Joseph-Robert-Gaetan Noel , Vern E. Radewald , Michel Ranger , Jean Rouillard , Toshimi Shiota , Philippe St-Germain , Anthony Sudano , Jennifer L. Trice , Thomas A. Turgeon
发明人： Roger Rouillard , Michael K. Domroese , Michel Gauthier , Joseph A. Hoffman , David D. Lindeman , Joseph-Robert-Gaetan Noel , Vern E. Radewald , Michel Ranger , Jean Rouillard , Toshimi Shiota , Philippe St-Germain , Anthony Sudano , Jennifer L. Trice , Thomas A. Turgeon
IPC分类号： H01M2/20 , H01M6/18 , H01M6/50 , H01M10/04 , H01M10/052 , H01M10/50
CPC分类号： H01M10/04 , H01M10/0413 , H01M10/0468 , H01M10/613 , H01M10/647 , H01M10/6555 , H01M10/6556 , H01M10/6567 , H01M2/202 , H01M10/052 , H01M2200/103 , H01M6/181 , H01M6/5016
摘要： An improved electrochemical energy storing device includes a number of thin-film electrochemical cells which are maintained in a state of compression through use of an internal or an external pressure apparatus. A thermal conductor, which is connected to at least one of the positive or negative contacts of each electrochemical cell, conducts current into and out of the electrochemical cells and also conducts thermal energy between the electrochemical cells and thermally conductive material disposed on a wall structure adjacent the conductors. The wall structure includes electrically resistive material, such as an anodized coating or a thin film of plastic. The thermal conductors are fabricated to include a spring mechanism which expands and contacts to maintain mechanical contact between the electrochemical cells and the thermally conductive material in the presence of relative movement between the electrochemical cells and the wall structure. An active cooling apparatus may be employed external to a hermetically sealed housing containing the electrochemical cells to enhance the transfer of thermal energy into and out of the electrochemical cells. An integrated interconnect board may be disposed within the housing onto which a number of electrical and electro-mechanical components are mounted. Heat generated by the components is conducted from the interconnect board to the housing using the thermal conductors.
摘要翻译：改进的电化学能量存储装置包括许多通过使用内部或外部压力装置保持在压缩状态的薄膜电化学电池。连接到每个电化学电池的正极或负极触点中的至少一个的热导体将电流传导到电化学电池中并流出电化学电池，并且还在电化学电池和设置在相邻的壁结构上的导热材料之间传导热能导体。壁结构包括电阻材料，例如阳极氧化涂层或塑料薄膜。热导体被制造成包括弹簧机构，弹簧机构在电化学电池和壁结构之间的相对运动的存在下膨胀和接触以保持电化学电池和导热材料之间的机械接触。活性冷却装置可以在包含电化学电池的密封外壳的外部被采用，以增强热能进出电化学电池的能力。集成的互连板可以设置在壳体内，多个电气和机电部件被安装在该壳体上。由部件产生的热量使用热导体从互连板传导到壳体。

2. 发明授权

US6099986A In-situ short circuit protection system and method for high-energy electrochemical cells 失效
标题翻译：用于高能电化学电池的原位短路保护系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US6099986A
公开(公告)日：2000-08-08
申请号：US900929
申请日：1997-07-25
申请人： Michel Gauthier , Michael K. Domroese , Joseph A. Hoffman , David D. Lindeman , Joseph-Robert-Gaetan Noel , Vern E. Radewald , Jean Rouillard , Roger Rouillard , Toshimi Shiota , Jennifer L. Trice
发明人： Michel Gauthier , Michael K. Domroese , Joseph A. Hoffman , David D. Lindeman , Joseph-Robert-Gaetan Noel , Vern E. Radewald , Jean Rouillard , Roger Rouillard , Toshimi Shiota , Jennifer L. Trice
IPC分类号： H01M2/34 , H01M10/50 , H02H7/18 , H02J7/00 , H01M6/50
CPC分类号： H02J7/0026 , H01M2/34 , H01M10/5004 , H01M10/5032 , H01M10/5053
摘要： An in-situ thermal management system for an energy storage device. The energy storage device includes a plurality of energy storage cells each being coupled in parallel to common positive and negative connections. Each of the energy storage cells, in accordance with the cell's technology, dimensions, and thermal/electrical properties, is configured to have a ratio of energy content-to-contact surface area such that thermal energy produced by a short-circuit in a particular cell is conducted to a cell adjacent the particular cell so as to prevent the temperature of the particular cell from exceeding a breakdown temperature. In one embodiment, a fuse is coupled in series with each of a number of energy storage cells. The fuses are activated by a current spike capacitively produced by a cell upon occurrence of a short-circuit in the cell, thereby electrically isolating the short-circuited cell from the common positive and negative connections.
摘要翻译：一种用于能量存储装置的原位热管理系统。能量存储装置包括多个能量存储单元，每个能量存储单元并联耦合到共同的正和负连接。每个储能电池根据电池的技术，尺寸和热/电特性被配置为具有能量 - 接触表面积的比率，使得由特定的短路产生的热能将电池传导到与特定电池相邻的电池，以防止特定电池的温度超过击穿温度。在一个实施例中，熔丝与多个能量存储单元中的每一个串联耦合。在电池中发生短路时，由电池电容性产生的电流尖峰激活保险丝，从而将短路电池与公共正极和负极连接电隔离。

3. 发明授权

US06548206B1 In-situ short-circuit protection system and method for high-energy electrochemical cells 有权
标题翻译：高能电化学电池原位短路保护系统及方法
公开(公告)号：US06548206B1
公开(公告)日：2003-04-15
申请号：US09586218
申请日：2000-06-02
申请人： Michel Gauthier , Michael K. Domroese , Joseph A. Hoffman , David D. Lindeman , Joseph-Robert-Gaétan Noël , Vern E. Radewald , Jean Rouillard , Roger Rouillard , Toshimi Shiota , Jennifer L. Trice
发明人： Michel Gauthier , Michael K. Domroese , Joseph A. Hoffman , David D. Lindeman , Joseph-Robert-Gaétan Noël , Vern E. Radewald , Jean Rouillard , Roger Rouillard , Toshimi Shiota , Jennifer L. Trice
IPC分类号： H01M1050
CPC分类号： H02J7/0026 , H01M2/34 , H01M10/613 , H01M10/647 , H01M10/6554
摘要： An in-situ thermal management system for an energy storage device. The energy storage device includes a plurality of energy storage cells each being coupled in parallel to common positive and negative connections. Each of the energy storage cells, in accordance with the cell's technology, dimensions, and thermal/electrical properties, is configured to have a ratio of energy content-to-contact surface area such that thermal energy produced by a short-circuit in a particular cell is conducted to a cell adjacent the particular cell so as to prevent the temperature of the particular cell from exceeding a breakdown temperature. In one embodiment, a fuse is coupled in series with each of a number of energy storage cells. The fuses are activated by a current spike capacitively produced by a cell upon occurrence of a short-circuit in the cell, thereby electrically isolating the short-circuited cell from the common positive and negative connections.
摘要翻译：一种用于能量存储装置的原位热管理系统。能量存储装置包括多个能量存储单元，每个能量存储单元并联耦合到共同的正和负连接。每个储能电池根据电池的技术，尺寸和热/电特性被配置为具有能量 - 接触表面积的比率，使得由特定的短路产生的热能将电池传导到与特定电池相邻的电池，以防止特定电池的温度超过击穿温度。在一个实施例中，熔丝与多个能量存储单元中的每一个串联耦合。在电池中发生短路时，由电池电容性产生的电流尖峰激活保险丝，从而将短路电池与公共正极和负极连接电隔离。

4. 发明授权

US06797018B2 Solid-state energy storage module employing integrated interconnect board 失效
标题翻译：采用集成互连板的固态储能模块
公开(公告)号：US06797018B2
公开(公告)日：2004-09-28
申请号：US10448629
申请日：2003-05-30
申请人： Jean Rouillard , Christophe Comte , Dominik Daigle , Ronald A. Hagen , Orlin B. Knudson , André Morin , Michel Ranger , Guy Ross , Roger Rouillard , Philippe St-Germain , Anthony Sudano , Thomas A. Turgeon
发明人： Jean Rouillard , Christophe Comte , Dominik Daigle , Ronald A. Hagen , Orlin B. Knudson , André Morin , Michel Ranger , Guy Ross , Roger Rouillard , Philippe St-Germain , Anthony Sudano , Thomas A. Turgeon
IPC分类号： H01M1038
CPC分类号： H01M2/1077 , H01M2/20 , H01M2/202 , H01M2/34 , H01M6/181 , H01M6/5016 , H01M10/0413 , H01M10/0445 , H01M10/48 , H01M10/613 , H01M10/625 , H01M10/647 , H01M10/653 , H01M10/6553 , H01M10/6554 , H01M10/6556 , H01M10/656 , H01M10/659 , H01M10/667 , H01M2200/00 , H01M2200/103 , H05K1/117 , H05K1/18 , Y10T29/4911
摘要： An electrochemical energy storage device includes a number of solid-state thin-film electrochemical cells which are selectively interconnected in series or parallel through use of an integrated interconnect board. The interconnect board is typically disposed within a sealed housing which also houses the electrochemical cells, and includes a first contact and a second contact respectively coupled to first and second power terminals of the energy storage device. The interconnect board advantageously provides for selective series or parallel connectivity with the electrochemical cells, irrespective of electrochemical cell position within the housing. Fuses and various electrical and electro-mechanical devices, such as bypass, equalization, and communication devices for example, may also be mounted to the interconnect board and selectively connected to the electrochemical cells.
摘要翻译：一种电化学能量存储装置包括多个固态薄膜电化学电池，其通过使用集成的互连板选择性地串联或并联。互连板通常设置在也容纳电化学电池的密封壳体内，并且包括分别耦合到能量存储装置的第一和第二电力端子的第一触点和第二触点。互连板有利地提供与电化学电池的选择性串联或并联连接，而与壳体内的电化学电池位置无关。保险丝和例如旁路，均衡和通信装置的各种电气和机电装置也可以安装到互连板并且选择性地连接到电化学电池。

5. 发明授权

US06641942B1 Solid-state energy storage module employing integrated interconnect board 有权
标题翻译：采用集成互连板的固态储能模块
公开(公告)号：US06641942B1
公开(公告)日：2003-11-04
申请号：US09665810
申请日：2000-09-20
申请人： Jean Rouillard , Christophe Comte , Dominik Daigle , Ronald A. Hagen , Orlin B. Knudson , André Morin , Michel Ranger , Guy Ross , Roger Rouillard , Philippe St-Germain , Anthony Sudano , Thomas A. Turgeon
发明人： Jean Rouillard , Christophe Comte , Dominik Daigle , Ronald A. Hagen , Orlin B. Knudson , André Morin , Michel Ranger , Guy Ross , Roger Rouillard , Philippe St-Germain , Anthony Sudano , Thomas A. Turgeon
IPC分类号： H01M220
CPC分类号： H01M2/1077 , H01M2/20 , H01M2/202 , H01M2/34 , H01M6/181 , H01M6/5016 , H01M10/0413 , H01M10/0445 , H01M10/48 , H01M10/613 , H01M10/625 , H01M10/647 , H01M10/653 , H01M10/6553 , H01M10/6554 , H01M10/6556 , H01M10/656 , H01M10/659 , H01M10/667 , H01M2200/00 , H01M2200/103 , H05K1/117 , H05K1/18 , Y10T29/4911
摘要： The present invention is directed to an improved electrochemical energy storage device. The electrochemical energy storage device includes a number of solid-state, thin-film electrochemical cells which are selectively interconnected in series or parallel through use of an integrated interconnect board. The interconnect board is typically disposed within a sealed housing which also houses the electrochemical cells, and includes a first contact and a second contact respectively coupled to first and second power terminals of the energy storage device. The interconnect board advantageously provides for selective series or parallel connectivity with the electrochemical cells, irrespective of electrochemical cell position within the housing. Fuses and various electrical and electromechanical devices, such as bypass, equalization, and communication devices for example, may also be mounted to the interconnect board and selectively connected to the electrochemical cells.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及一种改进的电化学能储存装置。电化学能量存储装置包括许多通过使用集成的互连板选择性地串联或并联的固态薄膜电化学电池。互连板通常设置在也容纳电化学电池的密封壳体内，并且包括分别耦合到能量存储装置的第一和第二电力端子的第一触点和第二触点。互连板有利地提供与电化学电池的选择性串联或并联连接，而与壳体内的电化学电池位置无关。保险丝和例如旁路，均衡和通信装置的各种电气和机电装置也可以安装到互连板并且选择性地连接到电化学电池。

6. 发明授权

US6146778A Solid-state energy storage module employing integrated interconnect board 失效
标题翻译：采用集成互连板的固态储能模块
公开(公告)号：US6146778A
公开(公告)日：2000-11-14
申请号：US900427
申请日：1997-07-25
申请人： Jean Rouillard , Christophe Comte , Dominik Daigle , Ronald A. Hagen , Orlin B. Knudson , Andre Morin , Michel Ranger , Guy Ross , Roger Rouillard , Philippe St-Germain , Anthony Sudano , Thomas A. Turgeon
发明人： Jean Rouillard , Christophe Comte , Dominik Daigle , Ronald A. Hagen , Orlin B. Knudson , Andre Morin , Michel Ranger , Guy Ross , Roger Rouillard , Philippe St-Germain , Anthony Sudano , Thomas A. Turgeon
IPC分类号： H01M2/10 , H01M2/20 , H01M2/22 , H01M2/34 , H01M6/18 , H01M6/50 , H01M10/04 , H01M10/48 , H01M10/50 , H05K1/11 , H05K1/18
CPC分类号： H01M10/5004 , H01M10/0413 , H01M10/48 , H01M10/5032 , H01M10/504 , H01M10/5051 , H01M10/5053 , H01M10/5057 , H01M10/5061 , H01M2/1077 , H01M2/202 , H01M10/0445 , H01M10/5016 , H01M10/5089 , H01M10/5097 , H01M2/20 , H01M2/34 , H01M2200/00 , H01M2200/103 , H01M6/181 , H01M6/5016 , H05K1/117 , H05K1/18 , Y10T29/4911
摘要： The present invention is directed to an improved electrochemical energy storage device. The electrochemical energy storage device includes a number of solid-state, thin-film electrochemical cells which are selectively interconnected in series or parallel through use of an integrated interconnect board. The interconnect board is typically disposed within a sealed housing which also houses the electrochemical cells, and includes a first contact and a second contact respectively coupled to first and second power terminals of the energy storage device. The interconnect board advantageously provides for selective series or parallel connectivity with the electrochemical cells, irrespective of electrochemical cell position within the housing. In one embodiment, a sheet of conductive material is processed by employing a known milling, stamping, or chemical etching technique to include a connection pattern which provides for flexible and selective interconnecting of individual electrochemical cells within the housing, which may be a hermetically sealed housing. Fuses and various electrical and electro-mechanical devices, such as bypass, equalization, and communication devices for example, may also be mounted to the interconnect board and selectively connected to the electrochemical cells.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及一种改进的电化学能储存装置。电化学能量存储装置包括许多通过使用集成的互连板选择性地串联或并联的固态薄膜电化学电池。互连板通常设置在也容纳电化学电池的密封壳体内，并且包括分别耦合到能量存储装置的第一和第二电力端子的第一触点和第二触点。互连板有利地提供与电化学电池的选择性串联或并联连接，而与壳体内的电化学电池位置无关。在一个实施例中，通过采用已知的研磨，冲压或化学蚀刻技术来处理导电材料片，以包括提供在壳体内的单个电化学电池的灵活和选择性互连的连接图案，其可以是气密密封的壳体。保险丝和例如旁路，均衡和通信装置的各种电气和机电装置也可以安装到互连板并且选择性地连接到电化学电池。

7. 发明授权

US5952815A Equalizer system and method for series connected energy storing devices 失效
标题翻译：串联连接储能装置的均衡系统及方法
公开(公告)号：US5952815A
公开(公告)日：1999-09-14
申请号：US900607
申请日：1997-07-25
申请人： Jean Rouillard , Christophe Comte , Ronald A. Hagen , Orlin B. Knudson , Andre Morin , Guy Ross
发明人： Jean Rouillard , Christophe Comte , Ronald A. Hagen , Orlin B. Knudson , Andre Morin , Guy Ross
IPC分类号： H02J7/02 , H02J7/00 , H02J7/34
CPC分类号： H02J7/0021 , H02J7/0016
摘要： An apparatus and method for regulating the charge voltage of a number of electrochemical cells connected in series is disclosed. Equalization circuitry is provided to control the amount of charge current supplied to individual electrochemical cells included within the series string of electrochemical cells without interrupting the flow of charge current through the series string. The equalization circuitry balances the potential of each of the electrochemical cells to within a pre-determined voltage setpoint tolerance during charging, and, if necessary, prior to initiating charging. Equalization of cell potentials may be effected toward the end of a charge cycle or throughout the charge cycle. Overcharge protection is also provided for each of the electrochemical cells coupled to the series connection. During a discharge mode of operation in accordance with one embodiment, the equalization circuitry is substantially non-conductive with respect to the flow of discharge current from the series string of electrochemical cells. In accordance with another embodiment, equalization of the series string of cells is effected during a discharge cycle.
摘要翻译：公开了一种用于调节串联连接的多个电化学电池的充电电压的装置和方法。提供均衡电路以控制提供给包括在串联电化学电池组内的各个电化学电池的充电电流量，而不中断通过串联串的充电电流的流动。均衡电路在充电期间平衡每个电化学电池的电位到预定的电压设定值容限内，并且如果需要，在开始充电之前将其平衡。可以在充电循环结束或整个充电循环期间实现电池电位的均衡。对于耦合到串联连接的每个电化学电池，也提供过充电保护。在根据一个实施例的放电操作模式期间，均衡电路相对于来自串联的电化学电池单元的放电电流的流动基本上不导通。根据另一个实施例，在放电周期期间实现串联串联电池的均衡。

8. 发明授权

US6104967A Fault-tolerant battery system employing intra-battery network architecture 失效
标题翻译：容错电池系统采用电池内网络架构
公开(公告)号：US6104967A
公开(公告)日：2000-08-15
申请号：US900928
申请日：1997-07-25
申请人： Ronald A. Hagen , Kenneth W. Chen , Christophe Comte , Orlin B. Knudson , Jean Rouillard
发明人： Ronald A. Hagen , Kenneth W. Chen , Christophe Comte , Orlin B. Knudson , Jean Rouillard
IPC分类号： H02J7/34 , G01R31/36 , H02J7/00 , H02J1/14 , H02H7/00 , H02H9/00 , H02J3/02 , H02J3/12
CPC分类号： G01R31/3658 , H02J7/0021
摘要： A distributed energy storing system employing a communications network is disclosed. A distributed battery system includes a number of energy storing modules, each of which includes a processor and communications interface. In a network mode of operation, a battery computer communicates with each of the module processors over an intra-battery network and cooperates with individual module processors to coordinate module monitoring and control operations. The battery computer monitors a number of battery and module conditions, including the potential and current state of the battery and individual modules, and the conditions of the battery's thermal management system. An over-discharge protection system, equalization adjustment system, and communications system are also controlled by the battery computer. The battery computer logs and reports various status data on battery level conditions which may be reported to a separate system platform computer. A module transitions to a stand-alone mode of operation if the module detects an absence of communication connectivity with the battery computer. A module which operates in a stand-alone mode performs various monitoring and control functions locally within the module to ensure safe and continued operation.
摘要翻译：公开了一种采用通信网络的分布式能量存储系统。分布式电池系统包括多个能量存储模块，每个模块包括处理器和通信接口。在网络操作模式中，电池计算机通过电池内网络与每个模块处理器进行通信，并与各个模块处理器协作以协调模块监控和控制操作。电池电池监控电池和模块的许多条件，包括电池和各个模块的潜在和当前状态以及电池热管理系统的状况。过放电保护系统，均衡调节系统和通讯系统也由电池电脑控制。电池计算机记录并报告可能会报告给单独的系统平台计算机的电池电量状况的各种状态数据。如果模块检测到与电池计算机没有通信连接，模块将转换到独立操作模式。以独立模式运行的模块在模块内本地执行各种监控和控制功能，以确保安全和持续运行。

9. 发明授权

US06046514A Bypass apparatus and method for series connected energy storage devices 失效
标题翻译：串联连接储能装置的旁路装置及方法
公开(公告)号：US06046514A
公开(公告)日：2000-04-04
申请号：US900325
申请日：1997-07-25
申请人： Jean Rouillard , Christophe Comte , Dominik Daigle
发明人： Jean Rouillard , Christophe Comte , Dominik Daigle
IPC分类号： H01M2/34 , H01M6/42 , H01M6/50 , H01M10/052 , H01M10/34 , H01M10/42 , H02H7/18 , H02J7/00 , H02J1/14
CPC分类号： H01M10/4207 , H01M10/425 , H01M10/4257 , H01M2/34 , H02J7/0016 , H01M10/052 , H01M10/345 , H01M2200/00 , H01M2200/103 , H01M6/42
摘要： A bypass apparatus and method for series connected energy storage devices. Each of the energy storage devices coupled to a common series connection has an associated bypass unit connected thereto in parallel. A current bypass unit includes a sensor which is coupled in parallel with an associated energy storage device or cell and senses an energy parameter indicative of an energy state of the cell, such as cell voltage. A bypass switch is coupled in parallel with the energy storage cell and operable between a non-activated state and an activated state. The bypass switch, when in the non-activated state, is substantially non-conductive with respect to current passing through the energy storage cell and, when in the activated state, provides a bypass current path for passing current to the series connection so as to bypass the associated cell. A controller controls activation of the bypass switch in response to the voltage of the cell deviating from a pre-established voltage setpoint. The controller may be included within the bypass unit or be disposed on a control platform external to the bypass unit. The bypass switch may, when activated, establish a permanent or a temporary bypass current path.
摘要翻译：一种串联连接储能装置的旁路装置及方法。耦合到公共串联连接的每个能量存储装置具有与其并联连接的相关联的旁路单元。电流旁路单元包括传感器，其与相关联的能量存储装置或电池并联耦合，并且感测指示电池的能量状态（例如电池电压）的能量参数。旁路开关与能量存储单元并联耦合并且可在非激活状态和激活状态之间操作。旁路开关在处于非激活状态时相对于通过能量存储单元的电流基本上不导通，并且当处于激活状态时，旁路开关提供用于使电流流向串联连接的旁路电流路径，以便绕过关联的单元格。控制器响应于电池的电压偏离预先建立的电压设定值来控制旁路开关的激活。控制器可以包括在旁路单元内或者被布置在旁路单元外部的控制平台上。旁路开关可以在被激活时建立永久或临时旁路电流路径。

10. 发明授权

US6100702A In-situ fault detection apparatus and method for an encased energy storing device 失效
标题翻译：一种封装储能装置的原位故障检测装置及方法
公开(公告)号：US6100702A
公开(公告)日：2000-08-08
申请号：US900611
申请日：1997-07-25
申请人： Ronald A. Hagen , Christophe Comte , Orlin B. Knudson , Brian Rosenthal , Jean Rouillard
发明人： Ronald A. Hagen , Christophe Comte , Orlin B. Knudson , Brian Rosenthal , Jean Rouillard
IPC分类号： G01R31/02 , G01R31/36 , H02H7/18 , H02J7/00 , G01R31/40 , G01R31/12
CPC分类号： G01R19/16542 , G01R31/025 , G01R31/36
摘要： An apparatus and method for detecting a breach in an electrically insulating surface of an electrically conductive power system enclosure within which a number of series connected energy storing devices are disposed. The energy storing devices disposed in the enclosure are connected to a series power connection. A detector is coupled to the series connection and detects a change of state in a test signal derived from the series connected energy storing devices. The detector detects a breach in the insulating layer of the enclosure by detecting a state change in the test signal from a nominal state to a non-nominal state. A voltage detector detects a state change of the test signals from a nominal state, represented by a voltage of a selected end energy storing device, to a non-nominal state, represented by a voltage that substantially exceeds the voltage of the selected opposing end energy storing device. Alternatively, the detector may comprise a signal generator that produces the test signal as a time-varying or modulated test signal and injects the test signal into the series connection. The detector detects the state change of the time-varying or modulated test signal from a nominal state, represented by a signal substantially equivalent to the test signal, to a non-nominal state, representative by an absence of the test signal.
摘要翻译：一种用于检测导电电力系统外壳的电绝缘表面中的泄漏的装置和方法，其中设置有多个串联连接的能量存储装置。设置在外壳中的储能装置连接到串联电源连接。检测器耦合到串联连接并检测从串联连接的能量存储装置得到的测试信号中的状态变化。检测器通过检测从标称状态到非标称状态的测试信号的状态变化来检测外壳的绝缘层中的破裂。电压检测器检测来自由所选择的端部能量存储装置的电压表示的标称状态的测试信号的状态变化到非标称状态，由基本上超过所选择的相对端能量的电压的电压表示存储设备。或者，检测器可以包括信号发生器，其产生测试信号作为时变或调制的测试信号，并将测试信号注入串联连接。检测器通过不存在测试信号来检测来自由基本上等于测试信号的信号所表示的标称状态的时变或调制测试信号到非标称状态的状态变化。

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