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    • 7. 发明授权
    • Non-standard I/O adapters in a standardized I/O architecture
    • 标准I / O架构中的非标准I / O适配器
    • US08615622B2
    • 2013-12-24
    • US12821242
    • 2010-06-23
    • Thomas A. GreggGerd K. BayerDavid F. CraddockMichael JungEric N. LaisElke G. Nass
    • Thomas A. GreggGerd K. BayerDavid F. CraddockMichael JungEric N. LaisElke G. Nass
    • G06F13/36G06F13/40
    • G06F13/4027G06F13/404G06F2213/0026
    • A system for implementing non-standard I/O adapters in a standardized I/O architecture, the system comprising an I/O hub communicatively coupled to an I/O bus and at least one I/O adapter, the I/O hub including logic for implementing a method, the method comprising receiving a request to perform an operation on the I/O adapter from a requester at a requester address, the I/O adapter at a destination address, determining that the request is in a format other than a format supported by the I/O bus, the I/O bus expecting a requester identifier at a first location in a header of the request, reformatting the request into the format supported by the I/O bus, the reformatting comprising storing the requester address, the destination address and an operation code at the first location in the header of the reformatted request, and sending the reformatted request to the I/O adapter.
    • 一种用于在标准I / O架构中实现非标准I / O适配器的系统,该系统包括通信地耦合到I / O总线和至少一个I / O适配器的I / O集线器,所述I / O集线器包括 用于实现方法的逻辑,所述方法包括从请求者地址的请求者接收对所述I / O适配器执行操作的请求,所述I / O适配器在目的地地址处,确定所述请求是不是 I / O总线支持的格式,I / O总线期望在请求的头部中的第一位置处的请求者标识符,将请求重新格式化为由I / O总线支持的格式,重新格式化包括存储请求者 地址,目的地地址和重新格式化请求的头部中第一个位置的操作代码,并将重新格式化的请求发送到I / O适配器。
    • 8. 发明授权
    • Cache optimized balanced handling of initiatives in a non-uniform multiprocessor computing system
    • 缓存在不均匀的多处理器计算系统中实现优化的平衡处理
    • US08219725B2
    • 2012-07-10
    • US13159572
    • 2011-06-14
    • Udo AlbrechtMichael JungElke Nass
    • Udo AlbrechtMichael JungElke Nass
    • G06F3/00G06F13/00
    • G06F9/5083
    • A balancing process between I/O processor groups of a non-uniform multiprocessor system enables spreading of I/O workload across multiple I/O processor groups on a group base as soon as the I/O processor group with maximum group utilization reaches a certain high limit together with other processor groups being utilized significantly lower. The additional balancing is decreased step by step again when a certain low utilization limit is reached or the workload becomes more evenly balanced between the I/O processor groups. Checking if increase or decrease of the balancing is required is done periodically, but with low frequency to not affect overall performance. The checking and balancing happens asynchronously in predefined intervals. This solves the problem that with an increasing number of I/O processors the handling of initiatives leads to increased cache traffic and contention due to shared data structures, which slows down the I/O workload handling significantly.
    • 一个不均匀多处理器系统的I / O处理器组之间的平衡过程使得一旦组利用率最高的I / O处理器组达到一定程度,就可以在组基础上的多个I / O处理器组上扩展I / O工作负载 与其他处理器组相比,上限被高得多地使用。 当达到一定的低利用率限制或I / O处理器组之间的工作量变得更加均衡时,额外的平衡将逐步减少。 检查平衡的增减是否需要定期进行,但是频率低,不会影响整体性能。 检查和平衡在预定义的间隔中异步发生。 这解决了随着越来越多的I / O处理器的处理,由于共享的数据结构而导致的缓存流量和争用的增加,导致I / O工作负载处理显着减慢。