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1. 发明授权

US6094022A Low jitter zero crossing BEMF detector and motor incorporating the same 有权
标题翻译：低抖动零交叉BEMF检测器和并入其的电动机
公开(公告)号：US6094022A
公开(公告)日：2000-07-25
申请号：US346650
申请日：1999-07-01
申请人： Luca Schillaci , Maurizio Nessi , Giacomino Bollati , Ezio Galbiati
发明人： Luca Schillaci , Maurizio Nessi , Giacomino Bollati , Ezio Galbiati
IPC分类号： H02P6/18 , H02K23/00
CPC分类号： H02P6/182
摘要： A BEMF detector and method detect the BEMF of a three-phase motor using a fully differential detection system. The motor has a first coil coupled between a first coil tap and a center tap, a second coil coupled between a second coil tap and the center tap, and a third coil coupled between a third coil tap and the center tap. The BEMF detector includes a differential amplifier having first and second inputs and first and second outputs, with the first input being coupled to one of the coil taps and the second input being coupled to the center tap. The BEMF detector also includes a comparator having first and second inputs coupled respectively to the first and second outputs of the differential amplifier and an output at which a BEMF signal is produced that is related to the BEMF of the motor. The differential amplifier may be part of an anti-alias filter structured to fix to a known stable value a common mode at the outputs of the differential amplifier. The BEMF detector also may include one or more fully differential filters positioned between the differential amplifier and the comparator to reduce noise and smooth the BEMF signal output by the comparator. One of the filters can be a linear phase, switched capacitor filter with a stable cutoff frequency.
摘要翻译： BEMF检测器和方法使用完全差分检测系统检测三相电机的BEMF。电动机具有耦合在第一线圈抽头和中心抽头之间的第一线圈，耦合在第二线圈抽头和中心抽头之间的第二线圈以及耦合在第三线圈抽头和中心抽头之间的第三线圈。 BEMF检测器包括具有第一和第二输入以及第一和第二输出的差分放大器，其中第一输入耦合到线圈抽头之一并且第二输入耦合到中心抽头。 BEMF检测器还包括比较器，其具有分别耦合到差分放大器的第一和第二输出端的第一和第二输入端以及产生与马达的BEMF有关的BEMF信号的输出端。差分放大器可以是抗差分滤波器的一部分，其被构造为在差分放大器的输出处固定到已知稳定值的共模。 BEMF检测器还可以包括位于差分放大器和比较器之间的一个或多个全差分滤波器，以降低噪声并平滑比较器输出的BEMF信号。其中一个滤波器可以是具有稳定截止频率的线性相位开关电容滤波器。

2. 发明授权

US07545612B2 Apparatus for powering electric motors 有权
标题翻译：电动马达驱动装置
公开(公告)号：US07545612B2
公开(公告)日：2009-06-09
申请号：US11109975
申请日：2005-04-20
申请人： Maurizio Nessi , Ezio Galbiati
发明人： Maurizio Nessi , Ezio Galbiati
IPC分类号： H02H5/04
CPC分类号： H02H9/047 , H02H7/0833
摘要： An apparatus is provided for powering at least one electric motor. The apparatus includes at least one driving device for driving the electric motor, a supply path positioned between a supply voltage generator and the at least one driving device, a first circuit, a control device, and a protection device for protecting against over-voltages. The first circuit is inserted in the supply path to enable and prevent the powering of the at least one driving device, and the control device controls at least the first circuit. The protection device includes a second circuit for detecting a current that flows in the supply path from the at least one driving device to the supply voltage generator, and a third circuit for selectively absorbing the current that is detected.
摘要翻译：提供一种为至少一个电动马达供电的装置。该装置包括用于驱动电动机的至少一个驱动装置，位于电源电压发生器和至少一个驱动装置之间的供应路径，第一电路，控制装置和用于防止过电压的保护装置。第一电路插入供应路径中，以便能够和阻止至少一个驱动装置的供电，并且控制装置至少控制第一电路。保护装置包括用于检测在从至少一个驱动装置到电源电压发生器的供给路径中流动的电流的第二电路，以及用于选择性地吸收检测到的电流的第三电路。

3. 发明授权

US06788490B2 Circuit for estimating the speed of an electromagnetic actuator 有权
标题翻译：用于估计电磁执行器速度的电路
公开(公告)号：US06788490B2
公开(公告)日：2004-09-07
申请号：US10097638
申请日：2002-03-14
申请人： Luca Schillaci , Maurizio Nessi , Ezio Galbiati
发明人： Luca Schillaci , Maurizio Nessi , Ezio Galbiati
IPC分类号： G11A5596
CPC分类号： G11B5/5547 , G11B21/083
摘要： A circuit estimates speed of an electromagnetic actuator associated with a reading head of a disk storage unit and a digital controller. The circuit includes first and second supply terminals and an output terminal, with the first supply terminal being connected to the electromagnetic actuator. A measuring resistor is connected to the second supply terminal, and is connected in series with the electromagnetic actuator for measuring a current which passes therethrough when a supply voltage is applied between the first and second supply terminals. An adder has an output connected to the output terminal for providing an output voltage, a first input is connected to the first supply terminal, and a second input is connected to the second supply terminal. An adjustable-gain amplifier is connected between the measuring resistor and the second input of the adder for transferring the supply voltage and a voltage across the measuring resistor to the adder. A determination circuit is connected to the adjustable-gain amplifier for determining a gain thereof. The determination circuit includes a coarse setting circuit and a fine calibration circuit controlled by the digital controller.
摘要翻译：电路估计与磁盘存储单元和数字控制器的读取头相关联的电磁致动器的速度。该电路包括第一和第二电源端子和输出端子，其中第一电源端子连接到电磁致动器。测量电阻器连接到第二电源端子，并且当在第一和第二电源端子之间施加电源电压时，与电磁致动器串联连接以测量通过电流的电流致动器。加法器具有连接到输出端子的输出端，用于提供输出电压，第一输入端连接到第一电源端子，第二输入端连接到第二电源端子。一个可调增益放大器连接在测量电阻和加法器的第二个输入端之间，用于将电源电压和测量电阻两端的电压传递给加法器。确定电路连接到可调增益放大器以确定其增益。确定电路包括由数字控制器控制的粗略设置电路和精细校准电路。

4. 发明授权

US06249099B1 Silent phase commutation in a three-phase brushless DC motor 有权
标题翻译：三相无刷直流电机静音相位换向
公开(公告)号：US06249099B1
公开(公告)日：2001-06-19
申请号：US09345694
申请日：1999-06-30
申请人： Maurizio Nessi , Ezio Galbiati , Pierandrea Savo , Giorgio Sciacca , Luca Schillaci
发明人： Maurizio Nessi , Ezio Galbiati , Pierandrea Savo , Giorgio Sciacca , Luca Schillaci
IPC分类号： H02P750
CPC分类号： H02P6/10
摘要： A method drives a three-phase motor having first, second, and third coils. The method electrically connects the first coil to a first voltage reference and the second coil to a second voltage reference while leaving the other coil floating during a first driving phase. During a second driving phase, the first coil is electrically connected to the first voltage reference and the third coil is electrically connected to the second voltage reference while the second coil is left floating. During a transition phase that immediately follows the fast driving phase and immediately precedes the second driving phase, the second coil is electrically connected alternately to the first and second voltage references. By alternately connecting the second coil to the first second voltage references and during the transition phase, the method causes the current through the second coil to reduce to zero at a slower rate than prior methods. This enables the variations of the currents that the two phases in commutation, the second and third coils, to happen in a way that maintains their sum constant, as much as possible. This reduces the torque ripple during the phase commutations and its accompanying acoustic noise.
摘要翻译：一种驱动具有第一，第二和第三线圈的三相电动机的方法。该方法在第一驱动阶段期间将第一线圈电连接到第一参考电压并将第二线圈电连接到第二参考电压，同时使另一线圈浮置。在第二驱动阶段期间，第一线圈电连接到第一参考电压，而第三线圈电连接到第二参考电压，而第二线圈悬空。在紧接着快速驱动相位并且紧接在第二驱动相位之前的转变阶段期间，第二线圈交替地电连接到第一和第二参考电压。通过交替地将第二线圈连接到第一第二电压基准，并且在转变阶段期间，该方法使得通过第二线圈的电流以比现有方法更慢的速率减小到零。这使得能够以尽可能多的方式使换相，第二和第三线圈中的两相的电流的变化以保持它们的和恒定的方式发生。这降低了相位转换期间的转矩脉动及其伴随的声学噪声。

5. 发明申请

US20050248890A1 Apparatus for powering electric motors 有权
标题翻译：电动马达驱动装置
公开(公告)号：US20050248890A1
公开(公告)日：2005-11-10
申请号：US11109975
申请日：2005-04-20
申请人： Maurizio Nessi , Ezio Galbiati
发明人： Maurizio Nessi , Ezio Galbiati
IPC分类号： H02H5/04 , H02P1/00
CPC分类号： H02H9/047 , H02H7/0833
摘要： An apparatus is provided for powering at least one electric motor. The apparatus includes at least one driving device for driving the electric motor, a supply path positioned between a supply voltage generator and the at least one driving device, a first circuit, a control device, and a protection device for protecting against over-voltages. The first circuit is inserted in the supply path to enable and prevent the powering of the at least one driving device, and the control device controls at least the first circuit. The protection device includes a second circuit for detecting a current that flows in the supply path from the at least one driving device to the supply voltage generator, and a third circuit for selectively absorbing the current that is detected.
摘要翻译：提供一种为至少一个电动马达供电的装置。该装置包括用于驱动电动机的至少一个驱动装置，位于电源电压发生器和至少一个驱动装置之间的供应路径，第一电路，控制装置和用于防止过电压的保护装置。第一电路插入供应路径中，以便能够和阻止至少一个驱动装置的供电，并且控制装置至少控制第一电路。保护装置包括用于检测在从至少一个驱动装置到电源电压发生器的供给路径中流动的电流的第二电路，以及用于选择性地吸收检测到的电流的第三电路。

6. 发明授权

US06680598B2 Circuit for the speed recovery of a direct current motor and method using said circuit 有权
标题翻译：用于直流电动机速度恢复的电路和使用所述电路的方法
公开(公告)号：US06680598B2
公开(公告)日：2004-01-20
申请号：US09988911
申请日：2001-11-19
申请人： Ezio Galbiati , Maurizio Nessi , Luca Schillaci
发明人： Ezio Galbiati , Maurizio Nessi , Luca Schillaci
IPC分类号： H02P500
CPC分类号： H02P25/034
摘要： A circuit for the speed recovery of a direct current motor includes an output stage, output stage having a first pair of transistors, a second pair of transistors, and means a first circuit configured to detect a current circulating in the motor. The output stage further includes a second circuit configured to, activate the second pair transistors for a determined first time period so as to short-circuit the motor, and, at the end of the first time period, unbalance the output stage so as to force a maximum current to circulate for a determined second time period as a function of a value detected by the first circuit during the first time period, so as to stop the motor.
摘要翻译：用于直流电动机的速度恢复的电路包括输出级，具有第一对晶体管的输出级，第二对晶体管，以及被配置为检测在电动机中循环的电流的第一电路。输出级还包括第二电路，其被配置为在确定的第一时间段内激活第二对晶体管以使电动机短路，并且在第一时间段结束时，输出级不平衡以迫使在第一时间段期间作为由第一电路检测的值的函数循环确定的第二时间段的最大电流，以便停止电动机。

7. 发明授权

US06549044B2 Driving circuit for a voice coil motor and driving method thereof 有权
公开(公告)号：US06549044B2
公开(公告)日：2003-04-15
申请号：US09972750
申请日：2001-10-05
申请人： Massimiliano Brambilla , Maurizio Nessi , Ezio Galbiati
发明人： Massimiliano Brambilla , Maurizio Nessi , Ezio Galbiati
IPC分类号： G11B2102
CPC分类号： H03F3/187 , H03F3/3061 , H03F3/3081
摘要： A control circuit providing a driving current to a voice coil motor to position a reading and writing head of a disk memory system is described. The circuit comprises a first and a second class AB amplifiers the outputs of which are connected to the terminals of a first resistor in series with the voice coil motor so that a current passes through the voice coil motor and through the first resistor. The circuit comprises a sense amplifier the input terminals of which are coupled with the terminals of said first resistor, a device at the input of which is present a signal which is a sum of an external signal and of an output signal of the sense amplifier. The first amplifier and the second amplifier being driven in inverted phase by an output signal produced by the device. The circuit comprises means for inserting a second resistor in series with the first resistor so that said current passes through the series of said first and said second resistors and so that said sense amplifier has the input terminals coupled with the terminals of said series of resistors.

8. 发明授权

US06385067B2 Analog/digital PWM control circuit of a winding 有权
标题翻译：绕组的模拟/数字PWM控制电路
公开(公告)号：US06385067B2
公开(公告)日：2002-05-07
申请号：US09814176
申请日：2001-03-21
申请人： Ezio Galbiati , Maurizio Nessi , Marco Palestra
发明人： Ezio Galbiati , Maurizio Nessi , Marco Palestra
IPC分类号： H02M75387
CPC分类号： H02M7/53873
摘要： A feedback control circuit is for the current in a load formed by a winding in series with a current sensing resistor, coupled to a full-bridge output stage, an amplifier coupled to the terminals of the sensing resistor, and a controller fed with the output of the amplifier and with a voltage reference and producing a correction signal. The circuit has a PWM converter for generating a pair of control signals. The PWM converter includes an up/down counter producing a count value and logic circuitry that produces the twos-complement of the correction signal. A pair of registers are coupled to the outputs of the controller and of the logic circuitry. A first comparator coupled to the outputs of the counter and of the first register produces the first control signal, if the count signal exceeds the value stored in the first register. A second comparator coupled to the counter and to the second register produces the second control signal, if the count signal overcomes the value stored in the second register.
摘要翻译：反馈控制电路用于由负载形成的负载中的电流，该绕组与耦合到全桥输出级的电流感测电阻串联，耦合到感测电阻的端子的放大器和馈送有输出的控制器并具有电压基准并产生校正信号。该电路具有用于产生一对控制信号的PWM转换器。 PWM转换器包括产生计数值的上/下计数器和产生校正信号的二进制补码的逻辑电路。一对寄存器耦合到控制器和逻辑电路的输出端。如果计数信号超过存储在第一寄存器中的值，则耦合到计数器和第一寄存器的输出的第一比较器产生第一控制信号。如果计数信号克服存储在第二寄存器中的值，则耦合到计数器和第二寄存器的第二比较器产生第二控制信号。

9. 发明授权

US08754602B2 Motor controller with drive-signal conditioning 有权
标题翻译：电机控制器带驱动信号调理
公开(公告)号：US08754602B2
公开(公告)日：2014-06-17
申请号：US12552989
申请日：2009-09-02
申请人： Frederic Bonvin , Ezio Galbiati
发明人： Frederic Bonvin , Ezio Galbiati
IPC分类号： H02P6/10
CPC分类号： H02P6/10 , G11B19/20 , H02P6/085 , H02P6/18
摘要： An embodiment of a motor controller includes a motor driver and a signal conditioner. The motor driver is configured to generate a motor-coil drive signal having a first component at a first frequency, and the signal conditioner is coupled to the motor driver and is configured to alter the first component. For example, if the first component of the motor-coil drive signal causes the motor to audibly vibrate (e.g., “whine”), then the signal conditioner may alter the amplitude or phase of the first component to reduce the vibration noise to below a threshold level.
摘要翻译：马达控制器的实施例包括马达驱动器和信号调节器。电动机驱动器被配置为产生具有第一频率的第一分量的电动机线圈驱动信号，并且信号调节器耦合到电动机驱动器并且被配置为改变第一分量。例如，如果电动机线圈驱动信号的第一分量使得电动机听起来振动（例如，“呜呜”），则信号调节器可以改变第一组件的幅度或相位，以将振动噪声降低到低于门限等级。

10. 发明授权

US08415908B2 Driving apparatus for electric motor and related method 有权
标题翻译：电动机驱动装置及相关方法
公开(公告)号：US08415908B2
公开(公告)日：2013-04-09
申请号：US12969274
申请日：2010-12-15
申请人： Ezio Galbiati
发明人： Ezio Galbiati
IPC分类号： H02P6/08
CPC分类号： H02P6/085 , H02P6/182 , H02P29/02 , H02P29/0241
摘要： A driving apparatus drives a brushless motor that includes a plurality of windings. The apparatus comprises a plurality of switch half-bridges connected to a power line and to the windings, a memory adapted to contain a plurality of signal profiles to be cyclically applied to the plurality of windings of the motor, a multiplier for multiplying the profile values of the signals from the memory by a scale factor, a control circuit adapted to generate PWM signals for the switches of the plurality of switch half-bridges according to values output by the multiplier, a polarity detector configured to detect the polarity of the current passing trough at least one winding of the motor and a scale factor controller configured to modify the scale factor according to the detected current polarity and so as to make each signal profile to be applied to each winding of the motor either higher than the back-electromotive force or equal to the back-electromotive force generated by the motor.
摘要翻译：驱动装置驱动包括多个绕组的无刷电动机。该装置包括连接到电力线和绕组的多个开关半桥，适于包含循环地施加到电动机的多个绕组的多个信号轮廓的存储器，用于将轮廓值来自存储器的信号通过比例因子，控制电路适于根据乘法器输出的值产生用于多个开关半桥的开关的PWM信号;极性检测器，被配置为检测电流通过的极性通过电动机的至少一个绕组和比例因子控制器，该比例因子控制器被配置为根据检测到的电流极性来修正比例因子，并且使得每个信号轮廓要被施加到电动机的每个绕组高于反电动势或等于由电动机产生的反电动势。

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