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1. 发明申请

US20050149346A1 Method and apparatus for efficient implementation of discontiguous objects 有权
标题翻译：用于有效实施不连续物体的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US20050149346A1
公开(公告)日：2005-07-07
申请号：US10751788
申请日：2004-01-05
申请人： Matthew Arnold , David Bacon , Perry Cheng , Vadakkedathu Rajan
发明人： Matthew Arnold , David Bacon , Perry Cheng , Vadakkedathu Rajan
IPC分类号： G06F17/60
CPC分类号： G06Q50/30 , G06F12/0269 , G06F2212/1044
摘要： A garbage collection system that needs to meet real-time requirements breaks large objects that need to be moved into a series of arraylets. The arraylets are sized such that the amount of time required to move the arraylets is bounded by a predetermined amount. The arrays are preferably uniformly represented in the header for each array with a series of arralylet pointers that indicate the location of the arraylets. Control-flow graph splitting is used to eliminate multiple tests and allow common sub-expression elimination. Strip-mining can also be used to improve the efficiency of the process.
摘要翻译：需要满足实时需求的垃圾收集系统会将需要移动到一系列数组中的大型对象打破。大小的大小使得移动小数列所需的时间量被预定量限制。阵列优选地在每个阵列的头部中均一地表示，其具有指示小数列的位置的一系列指针指针。控制流图分割用于消除多个测试，并允许消除公共子表达式。剥离矿也可以用来提高工艺的效率。

2. 发明申请

US20050149585A1 Method and apparatus for scheduling and performing garbage collection in a real-time system with guaranteed space bounds 有权
标题翻译：用于在具有保证的空间界限的实时系统中调度和执行垃圾收集的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US20050149585A1
公开(公告)日：2005-07-07
申请号：US10751595
申请日：2004-01-05
申请人： David Bacon , Perry Cheng , Vadakkedathu Rajan
发明人： David Bacon , Perry Cheng , Vadakkedathu Rajan
IPC分类号： G06F12/00 , G06F12/02
CPC分类号： G06F12/0269 , G06F12/0253 , Y10S707/99957
摘要： A garbage collection system that needs to meet real-time requirements with guaranteed space bounds uses a mostly non-copying hybrid collector that performs defragmentation with limited copying of objects. The garbage collection and the real-time application are interleaved on a time-based schedule. An interval for the interleaving is selected based upon a garbage collector processing rate, a garbage generation rate and a memory allocation rate of the real-time application. An amount of memory for the real-time application and the garbage collection process is selected based upon the maximum excess memory requirement of the garbage collection process and the maximum memory requirement for the application. Defragmentation is only performed when an amount of available memory falls below a predetermined level.
摘要翻译：需要满足具有保证的空间限制的实时要求的垃圾收集系统使用大多数非复制混合收集器，通过有限的对象复制执行碎片整理。垃圾收集和实时应用程序以时间计划交错。基于垃圾收集器处理速率，垃圾生成率和实时应用的存储器分配速率来选择交织间隔。基于垃圾收集过程的最大超量存储器要求和应用程序的最大存储器要求，选择用于实时应用和垃圾收集过程的存储量。碎片整理仅在可用内存量低于预定级别时执行。

3. 发明申请

US20050149589A1 Garbage collector with eager read barrier 失效
标题翻译：垃圾收集器与渴望读屏障
公开(公告)号：US20050149589A1
公开(公告)日：2005-07-07
申请号：US10751793
申请日：2004-01-05
申请人： David Bacon , Perry Cheng , Vadakkedathu Rajan
发明人： David Bacon , Perry Cheng , Vadakkedathu Rajan
IPC分类号： G06F12/00 , G06F12/02
CPC分类号： G06F12/0253
摘要： A garbage collection system that needs to meet real-time requirements uses an eager read barrier that performs a forwarding operation as soon as a quantity is loaded. The barrier maintains a to-space invariant by including a forwarding pointer in the header of objects to be moved or accessed that normally points to the object itself. However, if the object has been moved, the forwarding pointer points to the new object location. The eager read barrier maintains the registers and stack cells such that the registers and stack cells always point into to-space. Barrier-sinking and common sub-expression elimination are used to minimize the overhead associated with the read barrier.
摘要翻译：需要满足实时要求的垃圾收集系统使用一个急速读取障碍，一旦加载数量就执行转发操作。屏障通过将转发指针包括在通常指向对象本身的要移动或访问的对象的标题中来维护空间不变量。但是，如果对象已被移动，则转发指针指向新的对象位置。急切的阅读障碍维护寄存器和堆栈单元，使得寄存器和堆栈单元总是指向空间。使用阻塞沉没和公共子表达式消除来最小化与读取屏障相关联的开销。

4. 发明申请

US20050149588A1 Method and apparatus for optimizing away a null-check 审中-公开
标题翻译：优化空值检查的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US20050149588A1
公开(公告)日：2005-07-07
申请号：US10751775
申请日：2004-01-05
申请人： David Bacon , Perry Cheng , Vadakkedathu Rajan
发明人： David Bacon , Perry Cheng , Vadakkedathu Rajan
IPC分类号： G06F12/00 , G06F12/02
CPC分类号： G06F12/0269
摘要： A garbage collection system that needs to meet real-time requirements combines a null-check required for an application with a null check required by its read barrier. The null-check for the application may be the null-check required for a Java object dereference and may be performed via explicit comparisons or implicit traps. To facilitate the combining of the null-checks, the read barrier is broken into portions and sunk to its point of use. Thus, any exception due to a null-pointer in the read barrier will occur at the same location as the exception occurs in the application. Combining the null-checks reduces the overhead costs associated with the read barrier and improves the performance of the real-time application.
摘要翻译：需要满足实时需求的垃圾收集系统将应用程序所需的空检与其读障碍所需的空检查相结合。应用程序的空检查可能是Java对象取消引用所需的空检查，并且可以通过显式比较或隐式陷阱执行。为了便于零检查的组合，读屏障被分成几部分并沉入其使用点。因此，由于读取障碍中的空指针引起的异常将发生在与应用程序中发生异常相同的位置。组合零检查可减少与读障碍相关的开销成本，并提高实时应用程序的性能。

5. 发明申请

US20050149686A1 Method and apparatus for dynamic incremental defragmentation of memory 失效
标题翻译：用于动态增量碎片整理存储器的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US20050149686A1
公开(公告)日：2005-07-07
申请号：US10751789
申请日：2004-01-05
申请人： David Bacon , Perry Cheng , Vadakkedathu Rajan
发明人： David Bacon , Perry Cheng , Vadakkedathu Rajan
IPC分类号： G06F12/00 , G06F12/02
CPC分类号： G06F12/0269 , Y10S707/99957
摘要： A garbage collection process for managing a memory includes a defragmentation cycle. The garbage collection process is interleaved with a running application on a time-based or work-based schedule. The memory is divided into pages which are further divided into blocks falling into one of a number of block size classes. Objects that were not used during the last garbage collection phase are marked. Objects that were used are moved from pages containing the least live objects to pages containing the most live objects. Objects of the largest block size classes are moved first and objects of the smallest block size class are moved last. The garbage collection interval can be selected to satisfy desired CPU utilization or memory overhead requirements.
摘要翻译：用于管理存储器的垃圾收集过程包括碎片整理周期。垃圾收集过程与基于时间或基于工作的计划的正在运行的应用程序进行交织。存储器被划分为进一步分成多个块大小类别之一的块的页面。在最后垃圾收集阶段未被使用的对象被标记。使用的对象从包含最少活动对象的页面移动到包含最多活动对象的页面。首先移动最大块大小类的对象，最后移动最小块大小类的对象。可以选择垃圾收集间隔以满足期望的CPU利用率或内存开销要求。

6. 发明申请

US20050149587A1 Breaking read barrier to apply optimizations 有权
标题翻译：打破阅读障碍以应用优化
公开(公告)号：US20050149587A1
公开(公告)日：2005-07-07
申请号：US10751598
申请日：2004-01-05
申请人： David Bacon , Perry Cheng , Vadakkedathu Rajan
发明人： David Bacon , Perry Cheng , Vadakkedathu Rajan
IPC分类号： G06F12/00 , G06F12/02
CPC分类号： G06F12/0253
摘要： A garbage collection system that needs to meet real-time requirements utilizes a read barrier that is implemented in an optimizing compiler. The read barrier is implemented with a forwarding pointer positioned in a header of each object. The forwarding pointer points to the object unless the object has been moved. The barrier is optimized by breaking the barrier and applying barrier sinking to sink the read barrier to its point of use and by using sub-expression elimination. A null-check for the read barrier is combined with a null-check required by the real-time application. All objects are located and moved with the collector to minimize variations in mutator utilization.
摘要翻译：需要满足实时要求的垃圾收集系统使用在优化编译器中实现的读取障碍。读取障碍通过位于每个对象的头部中的转发指针来实现。转发指针指向对象，除非对象已被移动。通过打破屏障并应用屏障吸收将读屏障吸收到其使用点并通过使用子表达式消除来优化屏障。读取障碍的空值检查与实时应用程序所需的空检验相结合。所有物体都与收集器一起定位并移动，以最大限度地减少变异器利用率的变化。

7. 发明申请

US20070185943A1 Concurrent Collection of Cyclic Garbage in Reference Counting Systems 审中-公开
标题翻译：参考计数系统中循环垃圾的并发收集
公开(公告)号：US20070185943A1
公开(公告)日：2007-08-09
申请号：US11695323
申请日：2007-04-02
申请人： David Bacon , Vadakkedathu Rajan
发明人： David Bacon , Vadakkedathu Rajan
IPC分类号： G06F17/30
CPC分类号： G06F12/0261 , Y10S707/99938 , Y10S707/99957
摘要： The present invention provides techniques that allow concurrent collection of cyclic garbage on reference counting systems. In general, candidate objects are found that may be part of cyclic garbage. Each candidate object has a reference count. Two tests are performed to determine if concurrent operations have affected the reference counts of the candidate objects. If concurrent operations have not affected the reference counts, the candidate objects are collected as garbage. Additionally, during garbage collection, the decrements to reference counts are delayed so that increments occur before decrements and so that decrements are held a predetermined time before being applied. This prevents decrementing a reference and collecting a cycle as garbage right before a reference is added to an object in the cycle.
摘要翻译：本发明提供允许在引用计数系统上并行收集循环垃圾的技术。一般来说，候选对象被发现可能是循环垃圾的一部分。每个候选对象都有引用计数。执行两个测试以确定并发操作是否影响候选对象的引用计数。如果并发操作没有影响引用计数，则将候选对象收集为垃圾。此外，在垃圾收集期间，延迟到引用计数的减少，使得在递减之前发生增量，并且使得递减在施加之前保持预定时间。这样可以避免在引用被添加到循环中的对象之前减少引用并收集循环作为垃圾。

8. 发明申请

US20070022149A1 System and method for concurrent garbage collection 审中-公开
标题翻译：并发垃圾收集系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US20070022149A1
公开(公告)日：2007-01-25
申请号：US11188024
申请日：2005-07-22
申请人： David Bacon , Perry Cheng , David Grove , Martin Vechev
发明人： David Bacon , Perry Cheng , David Grove , Martin Vechev
IPC分类号： G06F17/30
CPC分类号： G06F12/0269 , G06F12/0261
摘要： A method is provided for garbage collection in a computer system that executes at least one mutator. The collector scans objects stored in a memory of the computer system so as to create a wavefront behind which are the objects that have already been scanned. The collector records progress information that indicates the collector's progress in scanning the fields of at least one of the objects, and the behavior of the mutator is changed when mutating the one object based on the progress information that is currently recorded. In another method, the collector scans objects stored in a memory of the computer system so as to create a wavefront behind which are the objects that have already been scanned, and reference counts are maintained behind the wavefront such that each of the reference counts indicates the number of pointers from already scanned fields of objects to unscanned objects.
摘要翻译：提供了一种用于执行至少一个变异器的计算机系统中的垃圾收集的方法。收集器扫描存储在计算机系统的存储器中的对象，以便创建一个波前，其后面已经被扫描的对象。收集器记录指示收集者在扫描至少一个对象的字段时的进度的进度信息，并且当根据当前记录的进度信息突变一个对象时，变更器的行为被改变。在另一种方法中，收集器扫描存储在计算机系统的存储器中的对象，以便创建一个波前，其后面已经被扫描的对象，并且在波前面保持参考计数，使得每个参考计数指示从已扫描的对象字段到未扫描对象的指针数。

9. 发明申请

US20060106986A1 System and method for managing data 有权
标题翻译：用于管理数据的系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US20060106986A1
公开(公告)日：2006-05-18
申请号：US10989088
申请日：2004-11-16
申请人： David Bacon , Perry Cheng , David Grove
发明人： David Bacon , Perry Cheng , David Grove
IPC分类号： G06F12/00
CPC分类号： G06F12/0802 , G06F9/30043 , G06F9/30174 , G06F2212/401 , Y02D10/13
摘要： A system and method for managing data includes executing a set of instructions which are used for operating on compressed data and another set of instructions (e.g., different instructions) which are used for operating on uncompressed data.
摘要翻译：用于管理数据的系统和方法包括执行用于对压缩数据进行操作的一组指令和用于对未压缩数据进行操作的另一组指令（例如，不同的指令）。

10. 发明申请

US20060085433A1 Method and program for space-efficient representation of objects in a garbage-collected system 失效
公开(公告)号：US20060085433A1
公开(公告)日：2006-04-20
申请号：US10948786
申请日：2004-09-24
申请人： David Bacon , Perry Cheng , David Grove
发明人： David Bacon , Perry Cheng , David Grove
IPC分类号： G06F7/00
CPC分类号： G06F12/0253 , G06F2212/17 , G06F2212/171 , G06F2212/177 , Y10S707/99953
摘要： A system includes a processor for executing a collector program to perform a method (e.g., a method of collection). The method includes using an object model during a collection phase that is different than an object model used during program execution. The processor may also perform a method including assigning a hash code to at least some objects, and consulting a structure that maintains a mapping of objects to hashcode values to determine said hashcode for one of said objects. The processor may also perform a method including storing a class pointer and garbage collector state information in a single word, and accessing said class pointer by masking out non-class bits.

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