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1. 发明授权

US5936224A Method and apparatus for reading machine-readable symbols by employing a combination of multiple operators and/or processors 失效
标题翻译：通过采用多个运算符和/或处理器的组合来读取机器可读符号的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US5936224A
公开(公告)日：1999-08-10
申请号：US769636
申请日：1996-12-11
申请人： Mark Y. Shimizu , Lingnan Liu
发明人： Mark Y. Shimizu , Lingnan Liu
IPC分类号： G06K7/14 , G06K7/10
CPC分类号： G06K7/1491 , G06K7/14
摘要： A method and apparatus for reading data collection symbols initially samples and preferably stores an image of light reflected from the symbol. An initial portion of the symbol in the stored image is located and multiple reading techniques are performed based on the stored symbol image and the located portion. Several output signals are produced from the multiple reading techniques, and one of the output signals is selected as a decoded signal that represents the data encoded in the symbol. The multiple reading techniques can be multiple reading methods performed substantially simultaneously with each other (on one or more processors), a single method performed multiple times and at multiple locations within the stored symbol image, or each reading method can be broken down into constituent modules, and like modules grouped into sets.
摘要翻译：用于读取数据收集符号的方法和装置最初采样并且优选地存储从符号反射的光的图像。位于存储图像中的符号的初始部分，并且基于存储的符号图像和定位部分执行多种读取技术。从多重读取技术产生多个输出信号，其中一个输出信号被选择为表示在符号中编码的数据的解码信号。多重读取技术可以是彼此基本上同时执行（在一个或多个处理器上）执行的多种读取方法，多次执行的单个方法以及存储的符号图像内的多个位置，或者每个读取方法可以分解为组成模块，以及分组成集合的模块。

2. 发明授权

US5854478A Method and apparatus for reading machine-readable symbols having surface or optical distortions 失效
标题翻译：用于读取具有表面或光学失真的机器可读符号的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US5854478A
公开(公告)日：1998-12-29
申请号：US731274
申请日：1996-10-11
申请人： Lingnan Liu , Mark Y. Shimizu , Lisa M. Vartanian
发明人： Lingnan Liu , Mark Y. Shimizu , Lisa M. Vartanian
IPC分类号： G06K7/14 , G06K7/10
CPC分类号： G06K7/1452 , G06K7/14
摘要： A method and apparatus for reading a distorted image of data collection symbol within a reader image generated and stored by a two-dimensional symbology reader begins by first locating a starting point in the distorted symbol image within the stored reader image. The method identifies edge contours of some or all of the bars and spaces in the symbol. The method then identifies one or more points within each of the identified edges. Thereafter, the method defines one or more sampling paths or lines that extend through the symbol, and through the points such that each line is constructed in a "connect-the-dot" fashion. The bars and spaces can then be sampled based on one or more of the defined lines, and the information in the symbol decoded from the sampled bars and spaces.
摘要翻译：一种用于读取由二维符号读取器读取器生成和存储的读取器图像内的数据收集符号的失真图像的方法和装置，首先将存储的读取器图像中的失真的符号图像中的起始点定位。该方法识别符号中部分或全部条形和空格的边缘轮廓。该方法然后识别每个所识别的边缘内的一个或多个点。此后，该方法定义了延伸穿过符号的一个或多个采样路径或线，并且通过这些点使得每条线以“连接点”的方式构造。然后可以基于一个或多个所定义的线，以及从采样的条和空间解码的符号中的信息来对条形和空格进行采样。

3. 发明授权

US5811776A Method and apparatus for accurately locating data regions in stored images of symbols 失效
标题翻译：用于在存储的符号图像中精确地定位数据区域的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US5811776A
公开(公告)日：1998-09-22
申请号：US607100
申请日：1996-02-26
申请人： Lingnan Liu
发明人： Lingnan Liu
IPC分类号： G06K7/14 , G06K7/10
CPC分类号： G06K7/1443 , G06K7/14
摘要： A method and apparatus locates multiple "bounding boxes" within an image of a symbol located within an image stored by a reader. The symbol preferably has a recognition pattern with an longitudinally extending bar and at least one vertically extending reference bar, such as in the Code One symbology. The method locates the positions of landmark points within the stored image. Landmark points include points at the end of the longitudinally extending bar, points at the corner or root formed between the longitudinally extending bar and the vertically extending bar, points at the ends of the vertically extending bars, and points at the intersection between the bars and blocks that extend transversely therefrom. Based on the locations of the landmark points, horizontal and vertical line functions are defined between collinear landmark points. Based on the intersection of the line functions, multiple bounding boxes are constructed to determine the periphery and all data areas of the symbol within the stored image.
摘要翻译：方法和装置将位于由读取器存储的图像内的符号的图像中的多个“边界框”定位。符号优选地具有具有纵向延伸杆和至少一个垂直延伸的参考杆的识别图案，例如在Code One符号系统中。该方法定位存储的图像内的地标点的位置。地标点包括在纵向延伸的杆的端部处的点，在纵向延伸的杆和垂直延伸的杆之间形成的角部或根部处的点，在垂直延伸的杆的端部处的点，并且在杆和从其横向延伸的块。基于地标点的位置，水平和垂直线函数在共线地标点之间定义。基于线功能的交点，构造多个边界框以确定存储图像内的符号的周边和所有数据区域。

4. 发明授权

US5777310A Problem reduction with low level information integration in bar code decoding 失效
标题翻译：在条形码解码中利用低级别信息集成降低问题
公开(公告)号：US5777310A
公开(公告)日：1998-07-07
申请号：US554184
申请日：1995-11-06
申请人： Lingnan Liu , Mark Yukio Shimizu
发明人： Lingnan Liu , Mark Yukio Shimizu
IPC分类号： G06K7/14 , G06K7/10
CPC分类号： G06K7/1465 , G06K7/14
摘要： A bar code imaging system capable of accurately and efficiently reading a printed bar code that is partially damaged, distorted, or erased. The bar code imaging system comprises an imaging element adapted to receive light reflected from a bar code symbol and provide a two-dimensional image of the bar code symbol. The two-dimensional image is decoded into data representative of the bar code symbol. More particularly, code words in the bar code pattern are decoded along a path beginning at the start of the bar code and moving toward the end of the bar code. As each code word is decoded, the decoded data is stored in a memory. When an invalid code word is encountered, decoding continues along a path beginning at the end of the bar code and moving toward the beginning of the bar code, and the decoded data is stored in the memory with the previously decoded data. When an invalid code word is encountered, the scan path is moved, and decoding continues along the new scan path beginning at the last valid code word decoded while moving toward the end of the bar code.
摘要翻译：一种条形码成像系统，能够准确有效地读取部分损坏，失真或擦除的打印条形码。条形码成像系统包括适于接收从条形码符号反射的光并提供条形码符号的二维图像的成像元件。二维图像被解码成表示条形码符号的数据。更具体地，条形码图案中的码字沿着从条形码开始开始的路径被解码并且朝向条形码的结尾移动。当每个码字被解码时，解码的数据被存储在存储器中。当遇到无效代码字时，沿着从条形码结尾开始的路径继续解码，并朝向条形码的开头移动，并将解码的数据与先前解码的数据一起存储在存储器中。当遇到无效代码字时，移动扫描路径，并且沿着新扫描路径继续解码，从最后一个有效代码字开始，同时向条形码结束移动。

5. 发明授权

US5862267A Method and apparatus for locating data regions in stored images of symbols 失效
标题翻译：用于在所存储的符号图像中定位数据区域的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US5862267A
公开(公告)日：1999-01-19
申请号：US571257
申请日：1995-12-11
申请人： Lingnan Liu
发明人： Lingnan Liu
IPC分类号： G06K9/20
CPC分类号： G06K9/00463
摘要： A method and apparatus locates a periphery or "bounding box" of an image of a symbol located within an image stored by a reader. The symbol preferably has a recognition pattern with an longitudinally extending bar and at least one vertically extending reference bar, such as in the Code One symbology. The method locates the positions of landmark points within the stored image. Landmark points include points at the end of the longitudinally extending bar, points at the corner or root formed between the longitudinally extending bar and the vertically extending bar, and points at the ends of the vertically extending bars. Based on the locations of the landmark points, lines are projected between pairs of the landmark points to determine an amount, if any, of optical distortion to which the image of the symbol suffers. Based on the landmark points, lines projected therebetween and the angles of any distortion, one or more bounding boxes are constructed to determine the periphery of the symbol within the stored image.
摘要翻译：方法和装置定位位于由读取器存储的图像内的符号的图像的周边或“边界框”。符号优选地具有具有纵向延伸杆和至少一个垂直延伸的参考杆的识别图案，例如在Code One符号系统中。该方法定位存储的图像内的地标点的位置。地标点包括在纵向延伸的杆的端部处的点，在纵向延伸的杆和垂直延伸的杆之间形成的拐角或根部的点，并且指向垂直延伸的杆的端部。基于地标点的位置，线路在地标点对之间投影，以确定符号图像所遭受的光学失真的量（如果有的话）。基于地标点，在其间投影的线和任何失真的角度，构造一个或多个边界框以确定所存储的图像内的符号的周边。

6. 发明授权

US5565669A Orientation independent method for robust computing of X-dimensions in code one symbols 失效
标题翻译：用于代码一个符号的X维的鲁棒计算的定向独立方法
公开(公告)号：US5565669A
公开(公告)日：1996-10-15
申请号：US524368
申请日：1995-09-06
申请人： Lingnan Liu
发明人： Lingnan Liu
IPC分类号： G06K7/14 , G06K7/10
CPC分类号： G06K7/1417 , G06K7/14
摘要： A method and apparatus for estimating an X-dimension of a machine-readable symbol having a recognition pattern that includes elements comprising bars and spaces. The method and apparatus proceed from a boundary between two of the elements of the machine-readable symbol. The method and apparatus selects a plurality of sampling paths across a particular one of the elements at the boundary, and determines a median path length across the particular one of the elements out of each of the plurality of sampling paths. The selection of a plurality of sampling paths and the determination of the median path length are repeated for each of the elements of the recognition pattern. The method and apparatus then averages the median path length for all the elements to provide the estimated X-dimension of the machine-readable symbol.
摘要翻译：一种用于估计具有识别图案的机器可读符号的X维度的方法和装置，所述识别图案包括包括条形和空格的元素。该方法和装置从机器可读符号的两个元件之间的边界进行。该方法和装置选择边界上的特定元素之间的多个采样路径，并且确定多个采样路径中的每一个中的特定一个元件上的中间路径长度。对于识别图案的每个元素重复多个采样路径的选择和中值路径长度的确定。然后，方法和装置对所有元素的中值路径长度进行平均，以提供机器可读符号的估计X维度。

7. 发明授权

US6128414A Non-linear image processing and automatic discriminating method and apparatus for images such as images of machine-readable symbols 失效
标题翻译：非线性图像处理和用于诸如机器可读符号的图像的图像的自动识别方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US6128414A
公开(公告)日：2000-10-03
申请号：US939140
申请日：1997-09-29
申请人： Lingnan Liu
发明人： Lingnan Liu
IPC分类号： G06K7/14 , G06K9/40 , G06K7/10
CPC分类号： G06K7/1452 , G06K7/14
摘要： A method and apparatus for locating geometric shapes or edges thereof in data collection symbols initially samples and stores an image of light reflected from the symbol. Thereafter, two routines are performed. A first routine performs low level vision processing by identifying linked points along edges, lines, curves or within shapes. At least one of three distortion compensating subroutines compensate for blocking, breaking, gaps or other severe distortions affecting shapes in the stored image. Under a first subroutine, an edge of a shape is tracked until a stopping condition occurs, at which point the shape is crossed so as to continue tracking on an opposite edge. Under a second subroutine, previously collected linear curve information is used to identify a jump point to continue tracking following a stopping condition. Under a third subroutine, mathematical morphology techniques are employed to close gaps or move blockage in shapes in the stored image. Coordinates of linked points, which represent lines, curves and other geometric shapes, from the first routine are then employed by a second routine which identifies patterns within the identified lines/curves. Based on these identified patterns, types of symbols from various symbologies can be identified and located within the stored image.
摘要翻译：用于在数据收集符号中定位几何形状或边缘的方法和装置最初采样并存储从符号反射的光的图像。此后，执行两个例程。第一个例程通过沿边缘，线，曲线或形状内的链接点识别来执行低级视觉处理。三个失真补偿子程序中的至少一个补偿了影响存储图像中形状的阻塞，断开，间隙或其他严重失真。在第一子程序下，跟踪形状的边缘直到发生停止状态，此时形状被交叉，以便在相对边缘上继续跟踪。在第二个子程序下，先前收集的线性曲线信息用于识别跳转点，以在停止条件之后继续跟踪。在第三个子程序下，使用数学形态学技术来缩小存储图像中的间隙或移动阻塞形状。然后，通过识别所识别的线/曲线内的图案的第二程序来采用来自第一例程的表示线，曲线和其他几何形状的连接点的坐标。基于这些识别的图案，可以识别来自各种符号的符号的类型并且位于存储的图像内。

8. 发明授权

US6016960A Rule based method and apparatus for processing reflectance signals from machine-readable symbols or images 失效
标题翻译：用于处理来自机器可读符号或图像的反射信号的基于规则的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US6016960A
公开(公告)日：2000-01-25
申请号：US889751
申请日：1997-07-08
申请人： Lingnan Liu
发明人： Lingnan Liu
IPC分类号： G06K7/14 , G06K7/10
CPC分类号： G06K7/14
摘要： A method and apparatus employs a production system-like rule based routine to process signals, such as reflectance signals produced from machine-readable symbols (e.g., bar code symbols). Relevant features data is extracted from each peak or valley in the signal, such as width, height, and relative size. The routine then uses the extracted data for each peak and valley with a set of rules to refine the reflectance signals. Under one or more iterations, the routine selects and resolves conflicting rules and applies resulting rules to process the signal. The processed signal can then be more readily decoded. The routine preferably processes a reflectance signal in portions, such as on a codeword-by-codeword basis.
摘要翻译：方法和装置采用基于生产系统的规则例程来处理诸如从机器可读符号（例如，条形码符号）产生的反射信号的信号。从信号中的每个峰或谷中提取相关特征数据，例如宽度，高度和相对大小。然后，程序使用提取的每个峰和谷的数据与一组规则来细化反射信号。在一个或多个迭代中，例程选择并解决冲突规则，并应用结果规则来处理信号。然后处理的信号可以更容易地解码。该例程优选地以例如基于码字的代码字的方式处理反射信号。

9. 发明授权

US5764798A Prioritized searching methods for finding a coded symbol in a digitized image 失效
标题翻译：用于在数字化图像中找到编码符号的优先搜索方法
公开(公告)号：US5764798A
公开(公告)日：1998-06-09
申请号：US617026
申请日：1996-03-18
申请人： Lingnan Liu
发明人： Lingnan Liu
IPC分类号： G06K9/32 , G06K9/00
CPC分类号： G06K9/3233
摘要： An electro-optical imaging system that utilizes an efficient search algorithm to find a coded symbol within a digitized image is provided. A digitized image of an area of an object having a coded symbol attached or printed thereon is created and stored in an image memory. A search algorithm is then activated to search for the coded symbol within the digitized image stored in the image memory. The search is limited to an area of the digitized image that is defined by boundary parameters. The search begins with the scan of an initial horizontal line of pixels that passes through the center of the search area, and an initial vertical line of pixels that also passes through the center of the search area. Subsequent horizontal and vertical lines of pixels are then scanned, one each subsequent line is located an integer multiple number of step sizes from one of the initial lines. Once the above described search pattern expands beyond the boundaries of the search area, the step sizes are reduced, and the search is continued.
摘要翻译：提供了一种利用高效搜索算法在数字化图像内找到编码符号的电光成像系统。创建具有附加或印刷在其上的编码符号的对象的区域的数字化图像并将其存储在图像存储器中。然后激活搜索算法以搜索存储在图像存储器中的数字化图像内的编码符号。搜索限于由边界参数定义的数字化图像的区域。搜索开始于通过搜索区域的中心的初始水平线像素的扫描，以及也穿过搜索区域的中心的初始垂直线像素。然后扫描随后的水平和垂直像素线，每个后续行从其中一条初始行定位整数多个步长。一旦上述搜索模式扩展到搜索区域的边界之外，则减小步长并继续搜索。

10. 发明授权

US06730031B2 Editing and trimming apparatus and method for extended field of view ultrasonic imaging systems 失效
标题翻译：用于扩展视野超声成像系统的编辑和修剪装置和方法
公开(公告)号：US06730031B2
公开(公告)日：2004-05-04
申请号：US09960761
申请日：2001-09-21
申请人： Lingnan Liu , Lars Jonas Olsson
发明人： Lingnan Liu , Lars Jonas Olsson
IPC分类号： A61B800
CPC分类号： G01S7/52074 , A61B8/08 , A61B8/543 , G01S7/52036 , G01S7/5206 , G01S7/52071
摘要： An ultrasound imaging system acquires a sequence of partially overlapping image frames, and stores data corresponding to the image frames in a image frame buffer. The relative spatial positions of the image frames are determined by a correlator, and the resulting spatial position data are then stored in an extended image memory and a history buffer along with data corresponding to the image frames. The data stored in the extended image memory and the history buffer can then be used to generate a panoramic image, which is displayed by the imaging system. Significantly, the data corresponding to the image frames are retained in the image frame buffer after the panoramic image has been displayed so that specific image frames can be excluded from the data corresponding to the panoramic image to either edit defective image frames from the panoramic display or to trim the boundaries of the panoramic display.
摘要翻译：超声成像系统获取部分重叠的图像帧的序列，并且将与图像帧相对应的数据存储在图像帧缓冲器中。图像帧的相对空间位置由相关器确定，然后将所得到的空间位置数据与扩展图像存储器和历史缓冲器一起存储在与图像帧对应的数据中。存储在扩展图像存储器和历史缓冲器中的数据然后可以用于生成由成像系统显示的全景图像。显着地，在全景图像被显示之后，对应于图像帧的数据被保留在图像帧缓冲器中，使得可以从对应于全景图像的数据中排除特定图像帧，以从全景显示器编辑有缺陷的图像帧，或者修剪全景显示的边界。

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