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1. 发明授权

US07188189B2 System and method to improve the resiliency and performance of enterprise networks by utilizing in-built network redundancy 有权
标题翻译：通过利用内置网络冗余来提高企业网络的弹性和性能的系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US07188189B2
公开(公告)日：2007-03-06
申请号：US10406096
申请日：2003-04-02
申请人： Mark J. Karol , P. Krishnan , Juan Jenny Li
发明人： Mark J. Karol , P. Krishnan , Juan Jenny Li
IPC分类号： G06F15/16
CPC分类号： H04L63/0227 , H04L1/08 , H04L1/22 , H04L63/18
摘要： The present invention is a system and method to improve the reliability and performance of existing enterprise IP networks which have dual-homed (or multi-homed) network architectures. In one aspect of the invention packets related to a selected category of transmission (e.g., VoIP) are duplicated at an edge router and sent over both (multiple) service providers. After traversing the service provider networks, only the first-to-arrive packets are kept and the later-arriving copies are discarded. In so doing, the result is better protection against node failures, link failures, and packet errors, and also better QoS performance under normal (fault-free) operation.
摘要翻译：本发明是提高具有双归（或多归属）网络架构的现有企业IP网络的可靠性和性能的系统和方法。在本发明的一个方面，与所选择的传输类别（例如，VoIP）相关的分组在边缘路由器上复制并通过两个（多个）服务提供商发送。在遍历服务提供商网络之后，仅保留首先到达的分组，并且丢弃稍晚的副本。通过这样做，可以更好地保护节点故障，链路故障和数据包错误，以及在正常（无故障）操作下更好的QoS性能。

2. 发明授权

US07463652B2 System and method for notification of internet users about faults detected on an IP network 有权
标题翻译：互联网用户通知IP网络上检测到的故障的系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US07463652B2
公开(公告)日：2008-12-09
申请号：US10601229
申请日：2003-06-21
申请人： Mark J. Karol , P. Krishnan , Juan Jenny Li
发明人： Mark J. Karol , P. Krishnan , Juan Jenny Li
IPC分类号： H04J3/00
CPC分类号： H04L65/608 , H04L29/06027 , H04L41/06 , H04L41/147 , H04L41/5009 , H04L41/5087 , H04L65/80 , H04L69/40
摘要： The present invention is a system and method for rapid network failure detection, identification and notification to internet users. It is particular applicable to VoIP applications where such real-time problem identification is particular valuable. It reduces failure detection time by coordinating the sending frequency of RTP and RTCP packets. These incoming packets are monitored and the failure to receive a predetermined number in a specified time window indicates that a network problem has occurred. This problem is then promptly communicated to users of the system.
摘要翻译：本发明是一种用于快速网络故障检测，识别和通知互联网用户的系统和方法。它特别适用于VoIP应用，其中这种实时问题识别特别有价值。通过协调RTP和RTCP报文的发送频率，减少故障检测时间。监视这些传入的分组，并且在指定的时间窗口中不能接收到预定的数字表示发生了网络问题。然后将该问题及时通知给系统的用户。

3. 发明授权

US5255265A Controller for input-queued packet switch 失效
标题翻译：控制器用于输入排队的分组交换机
公开(公告)号：US5255265A
公开(公告)日：1993-10-19
申请号：US878801
申请日：1992-05-05
申请人： Kai Y. Eng , Mark J. Karol
发明人： Kai Y. Eng , Mark J. Karol
IPC分类号： B06B1/02 , H04L12/56 , H04Q11/04
CPC分类号： H04L49/508 , H04L49/254 , H04L49/3018 , H04L49/3081 , H04Q11/0478 , B06B2201/55 , H04L2012/5679
摘要： Significant throughput improvement is achieved for an input queued packet switch using output port schedulers by permitting the output schedulers to recycle or reassign cell transmission times from input ports which are unable to use them. When an output scheduler assigns a cell transmission time to an input port and that input port is unable to use the assigned transmission time due to a scheduling conflict, for example, the input port makes a new request for the same output port during the next subsequent request period and then returns the unusable transmission time assignment back to the output scheduler. The output scheduler stores the returned transmission time in a separate queue for assignment to later requests for the particular output port. Throughput performance is improved from 58% (without time slot recycling) to 92% (with time slot recycling) for random packet cell traffic models.

4. 发明授权

US5101290A High-performance packet-switched WDM ring networks with tunable lasers 失效
标题翻译：高性能分包交换式波分复用网络
公开(公告)号：US5101290A
公开(公告)日：1992-03-31
申请号：US561852
申请日：1990-08-02
申请人： Kai Y. Eng , Mark J. Karol
发明人： Kai Y. Eng , Mark J. Karol
IPC分类号： H04B10/20 , H04B10/213 , H04J14/02 , H04L12/28 , H04L12/42
CPC分类号： H04L12/42 , H04J14/0227 , H04J14/0241 , H04L12/2801 , H04J14/028 , H04J14/0283
摘要： A communications network comprising a plurality of "subnetworks" multiplexed onto a single communications medium. A separate group of NIU's communicate on each predetermined "subnetwork", and each NIU also includes a tunable transmitter for transmitting data to NIU's of other subnetworks. Data from a user equipment is transmitted via the tunable transmitter if it is destined for an NIU from another subnetwork, and via a fixed transmitter if it is destined for an NIU on the same subnetwork. In one embodiment, fiber optics is utilized in order to provide a high speed network with tunable lasers.

5. 发明授权

US5008881A Chordal ring network 失效
标题翻译：弦环网络
公开(公告)号：US5008881A
公开(公告)日：1991-04-16
申请号：US526097
申请日：1990-05-18
申请人： Mark J. Karol
发明人： Mark J. Karol
IPC分类号： H04L12/42
CPC分类号： H04L12/42
摘要： A plurality of NIUs are interconnected by a multiple channel communications medium, and each NIU includes a sequence of inputs and outputs. Each channel is connected to a separate input, and exits the NIU at a separate output. The output that each channel exits is connected to the next input in the sequence of inputs on the next connector in the chordal ring. Further, channels which enter at a predetermined input of the NIU are cut and connected to a user equipment before exiting the NIU. Thus, if a predetermined channel is cut and connected to a particular user equipment, it will not be cut again at the next NIU since it will enter the next NIU at a different input in the input sequence. Indeed, the channel will not be cut again until N NIU's are traversed, where N is the length of the sequence. Thus, by choosing N to be the chordal length, an NIU is constructed which may be connected in an identical fasion to each user equipment in order to automatically establish chords in the network.

6. 发明授权

US5457679A Channel sharing and memory sharing in a packet switching system 失效
标题翻译：分组交换系统中的信道共享和内存共享
公开(公告)号：US5457679A
公开(公告)日：1995-10-10
申请号：US164075
申请日：1993-12-08
申请人： Kai Y. Eng , Richard D. Gitlin , Mark J. Karol
发明人： Kai Y. Eng , Richard D. Gitlin , Mark J. Karol
IPC分类号： H04Q3/00 , H04L12/56 , H04Q11/04
CPC分类号： H04L49/103 , H04Q11/0478 , H04L49/25 , H04L49/3009 , H04L49/3027
摘要： The present invention concerns a method and apparatus for memory and channel sharing in a communication switching network which uses packet switching. In one form of the invention memory and channel sharing is provided within a packet switch. The packet switch includes a memory for storing a plurality data packets and a router that routes data packets from the memory to a particular output port. The router is operable to route data packets to either a dedicated output port, in other words, an output port defined by the virtual circuit path of the data packet, or a shared output port. In another form of the invention memory and channel sharing is provided by a packet switch in conjunction with a terminal. Protection lines which are provided in transmission systems can be used as the shared channels.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及一种使用分组交换的通信交换网络中的存储器和信道共享的方法和装置。在本发明的一种形式中，在分组交换机内提供存储器和信道共享。分组交换机包括用于存储多个数据分组的存储器和将数据分组从存储器路由到特定输出端口的路由器。路由器可操作地将数据分组路由到专用输出端口，换句话说，由数据分组的虚拟电路路径或共享输出端口定义的输出端口。在本发明的另一种形式中，存储器和信道共享由分组交换机结合终端提供。在传输系统中提供的保护线路可以用作共享信道。

7. 再颁专利

USRE34811E Growable packet switch architecture 失效
标题翻译：可扩展分组交换架构
公开(公告)号：USRE34811E
公开(公告)日：1994-12-27
申请号：US940572
申请日：1992-09-04
申请人： Kai Y. Eng , Mark J. Karol , Yu S. Yeh
发明人： Kai Y. Eng , Mark J. Karol , Yu S. Yeh
IPC分类号： H04L12/56 , H04Q11/04
CPC分类号： H04L49/45 , H04L49/25 , H04L49/3018 , H04L49/3027 , H04L49/55
摘要： This invention is large N.times.N packet switch, formed using a plurality of smaller packet switches. The invention comprises an N input, L output interconnect fabric (L>N), and a plurality of J.times.K smaller packet switches (J>K). Each of the J inputs to each packet switch is connected to a separate one of the L outputs of the interconnect fabric, and each of the K outputs from each packet switch is connected to a destination equipment. In operation, packets are received at the N inputs to the interconnect fabric, and each packet is routed to one of the inputs of the packet switch associated with the destination user equipment for the packet. Simultaneous packets, up to J in number, are routed to separate inputs of a particular packet switch for distribution to their respective destinations, while all other simultaneous packets destined for user equipments associated with the same packet switch are lost, the probability of such a loss being acceptably small.
摘要翻译：本发明是使用多个较小分组交换机形成的大型N×N分组交换机。本发明包括N输入L输出互连结构（L> N）和多个JxK较小分组交换机（J> K）。每个分组交换机的每个J输入连接到互连结构的L个输出中的单独一个，并且每个分组交换机的每个K输出连接到目的地设备。在操作中，分组在N个输入处被接收到互连结构，并且每个分组被路由到与分组的目的地用户设备相关联的分组交换机的输入之一。同时数据包（最多J个）被路由到特定数据包交换机的分离输入，以分发到其各自的目的地，而所有其他同时发送到与相同数据包交换机相关联的用户设备的数据包丢失，这种损失的可能性可接受的小

8. 发明授权

US5172371A Growable switch 失效
标题翻译：可生长的开关
公开(公告)号：US5172371A
公开(公告)日：1992-12-15
申请号：US730588
申请日：1991-07-15
申请人： Kai Y. Eng , Mark J. Karol
发明人： Kai Y. Eng , Mark J. Karol
IPC分类号： H03K5/01 , H03K17/0412 , H03K17/66 , H04B10/155
CPC分类号： H03K17/66 , H03K17/04126 , H03K5/01 , H04B10/502
摘要： A modular growable packet switching arrangement is constructed from a plurality of packet switches and a novel interconnect fabric. The interconnect fabric includes a plurality of cell routers, for receiving data packets and routing them to a plurality of packet switches, where each cell router includes at least one connection to each packet switch. The interconnect fabric also includes a sorting network for receiving concurrently arriving data packets, sorting the data packets based upon their addresses, and sending the sorted data packets to the inputs of the cell routers. The sorted data packets are arranged such that all data packets which must be transmitted to the same packet switch are sent to different cell routers. Then, all packets which are destined for a common packet switch may be routed there, each from a different cell router.
摘要翻译：由多个分组交换机和新颖的互连结构构成模块化的可生长分组交换装置。互连结构包括多个小区路由器，用于接收数据分组并将它们路由到多个分组交换机，其中每个小区路由器包括至每个分组交换机的至少一个连接。互连结构还包括用于接收同时到达的数据分组的排序网络，基于其地址对数据分组进行排序，以及将排序的数据分组发送到小区路由器的输入。排序的数据分组被布置成使得必须发送到相同分组交换机的所有数据分组被发送到不同的小区路由器。然后，所有去往公共分组交换机的分组都可以路由到那里，每个分组都是不同的小区路由器。

9. 发明授权

US4947389A Multi-channel ring architecture for distributed networks 失效
标题翻译：分布式网络的多通道环结构
公开(公告)号：US4947389A
公开(公告)日：1990-08-07
申请号：US362185
申请日：1989-06-06
申请人： Kai Y. Eng , Mark J. Karol
发明人： Kai Y. Eng , Mark J. Karol
IPC分类号： H04J14/02 , H04L12/28 , H04L12/42
CPC分类号： H04J14/0283 , H04J14/0245 , H04J14/0249 , H04L12/28 , H04L12/42 , H04J14/0227
摘要： The present invention relates to a high speed, multihop, Local Area Network (LAN) comprising a communications medium for supporting a plurality of channels therealong and a plurality of Network Interface Units (NIUs) disposed along the medium in a predetermined sequence. Each channel of the communications medium comprises one or more point-to-point communication links, and each NIU is arranged to transmit to, or receive from, at least two other NIUs using point-to-point links from a separate subset of the multiple channels. Several of the NIUs are also arranged to transmit to, or receive from, additional NIUs on the network using (i) point-to-point links from a separate subset of the channels and, (ii) a non-linear connection pattern. Each channel can be used to establish point-to-point links between several pairs of NIUs in nonoverlapping sections of the sequence of NIUs. Communications between two NIUs is accomplished either directly, by a point-to-point link interconnecting the two NIUs, or by hopping the packet through a small number of intermediate NIUS.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及一种包括用于支持其多个信道的通信介质和以预定顺序沿着介质布置的多个网络接口单元（NIU）的高速多跳局域网（LAN）。通信介质的每个通道包括一个或多个点对点通信链路，并且每个NIU被安排为使用来自多个的单独子集的点对点链路向至少两个其他NIU发送或从其接收频道还有几个NIU也被安排为使用（i）来自独立子集的通道的点对点链路和（ii）非线性连接模式，向网络上的其他NIU发送或从其接收。每个通道可用于在NIU序列的非重叠部分中建立几对NIU之间的点对点链接。两个NIU之间的通信可以直接通过互连两个NIU的点对点链路，或者通过少量中间NIUS跳转数据包来实现。

10. 发明授权

US6018528A System and method for optimizing spectral efficiency using time-frequency-code slicing 失效
标题翻译：使用时频码分片优化频谱效率的系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US6018528A
公开(公告)日：2000-01-25
申请号：US234197
申请日：1994-04-28
申请人： Richard D. Gitlin , Zygmunt Haas , Mark J. Karol , Clark Woodworth
发明人： Richard D. Gitlin , Zygmunt Haas , Mark J. Karol , Clark Woodworth
IPC分类号： H04B7/26 , H04J3/16 , H04J4/00 , H04J13/16
CPC分类号： H04W28/16 , H04B7/2618 , H04J13/16 , H04J4/00 , H04L5/0005 , H04L5/0016 , H04W72/0466
摘要： A system and method for optimizing usage of a communications transmission medium. The transmission medium may be sliced into time and frequency domains so as to create time-frequency slices for assignment to users having varying access rates and user-application requirements. Through scheduling of the various speed users within the frequency and time domains, the system and method can efficiently allocate and make use of the available spectrum, thereby accommodating higher rate users requiring greater bandwidths and time slot assignments while still preserving cost-efficient access for lower speed users. Depending on the signal modulation scheme, the time-frequency slices may be allocated on non-contiguous frequency bands. The system and method is also applicable to code-division multiple access (CDMA) techniques by slicing the available code space along time-code domains, frequency-code domains or, in three dimensions, along time-frequency-code domains. Users may be efficiently scheduled based on code space requirements so as to optimize use of the communication medium.
摘要翻译：一种用于优化通信传输介质的使用的系统和方法。传输介质可以被切片成时域和频域，以便创建用于分配给具有不同接入速率和用户应用需求的用户的时频片。通过对频域和时域内的各种速度用户的调度，系统和方法可以有效地分配和利用可用频谱，从而适应需要更大带宽和时隙分配的较高速率用户，同时仍然保持低成本的低成本接入高速用户。根据信号调制方案，可以在非连续频带上分配时频片。该系统和方法也可应用于码分多址（CDMA）技术，通过沿着时间码域，频码域或三维沿着时间 - 频码域分割可用码空间。可以基于代码空间要求有效地调度用户，以便优化通信介质的使用。

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