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1. 发明授权

US5756960A Detecting non-symmetrical nozzle wear in a plasma arc torch 失效
标题翻译：检测等离子弧焊枪中的非对称喷嘴磨损
公开(公告)号：US5756960A
公开(公告)日：1998-05-26
申请号：US716267
申请日：1996-09-24
申请人： Maciej Wlodzimierz Rogozinski , Subramania Ramakrishnan , Ashley Grant Doolette , Nicholas A. Sanders , Richard W. Couch, Jr.
发明人： Maciej Wlodzimierz Rogozinski , Subramania Ramakrishnan , Ashley Grant Doolette , Nicholas A. Sanders , Richard W. Couch, Jr.
IPC分类号： B23K10/00 , H05H1/34 , H05H1/36
CPC分类号： H05H1/36 , B23K10/00 , H05H2001/3494
摘要： A method and apparatus for detecting non-axisymmetric wear (i.e. grooving 22) of the orifice (12) of the nozzle (13) of a plasma arc torch (1) involves placement of a probe adjacent a plasma jet (21) that emerges from the nozzle (13) such that a number of electrically isolated elements (23) of the probe surround the jet (21) and measuring a voltage drop across an electrode (11) of the torch (1) and each probe element (23) to detect whether there is any deflection of the plasma jet (21). The presence of a groove (22) causes the jet (21) to deflect and is indicated by an increased voltage at the probe elements (23) towards which the jet is deflected and a decreased voltage at the opposite elements. The probe may be formed by segmenting a shield (17) of the torch. Alternatively, the voltage across an electrode (11) of a plasma torch (1) and an external electrode (30) that provides a sloping surface (31) to which the plasma arc jet attaches may be monitored while relatively rotating the torch (1) and the external electrode (30) to detect changes in length of the arc, any such change indicating that the nozzle of the torch is grooved. The degree of wear of a nozzle (i.e. size of a groove) is determinable by comparing the size of a measured voltage variation with a reference voltage representative of an ungrooved nozzle.
摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / AU95 / 00165 Sec。 371日期：1996年9月24日 102（e）1996年9月24日PCT 1995年3月24日PCT PCT。公开号WO95 / 26252 日期1995年10月5日用于检测等离子体电弧炬（1）的喷嘴（13）的孔口（12）的非轴对称磨损（即，切槽22）的方法和装置包括将探头放置在等离子体射流附近 21），其从所述喷嘴（13）出现，使得所述探针的多个电隔离元件（23）围绕所述射流（21）并测量所述割炬（1）的电极（11）上的电压降，并且每个探针元件（23）以检测是否存在等离子体射流的任何偏转（21）。凹槽（22）的存在导致射流（21）偏转并且由探针元件（23）处的电压增加而使射流偏转，并且在相对元件处的电压降低。可以通过分割割炬的屏蔽（17）来形成探针。或者，可以在相对旋转割炬（1）的同时监视等离子体焰炬（1）的电极（11）和提供等离子弧喷射附着的倾斜表面（31）的外部电极（30）之间的电压，以及用于检测电弧长度变化的外部电极（30），指示割炬的喷嘴开槽的任何这种变化。喷嘴的磨损程度（即槽的尺寸）可以通过将测量的电压变化的大小与代表未插入喷嘴的参考电压进行比较来确定。

2. 发明授权

US5717187A Plasma torch condition monitoring 失效
标题翻译：等离子火炬状态监测
公开(公告)号：US5717187A
公开(公告)日：1998-02-10
申请号：US716264
申请日：1996-09-24
申请人： Maciej Wlodzimierz Rogozinski , Subramania Ramakrishnan , Ashley Grant Doolette , Nicholas A. Sanders , Richard W. Couch, Jr.
发明人： Maciej Wlodzimierz Rogozinski , Subramania Ramakrishnan , Ashley Grant Doolette , Nicholas A. Sanders , Richard W. Couch, Jr.
IPC分类号： H05H1/34 , H05H1/36 , B23K10/00
CPC分类号： H05H1/36 , H05H2001/3494
摘要： A method and apparatus for monitoring the condition of a plasma arc torch determines whether the nozzle (13) of the torch and an electrode (11) of the torch have suffered any erosion and distinguishes the two. The pressure of a plasma forming gas that is supplied for the torch (p.sub.1 or p.sub.n) is monitored while the torch is operating to detect erosion of the orifice (12) of the nozzle (13), and the voltage U.sub.ne between the electrode (11) and nozzle (13) is monitored, also while the torch is operating, to detect erosion of the electrode (11). A pressure, p.sub.1 or p.sub.n below a reference pressure indicative of a good (un-eroded) nozzle indicates erosion of the orifice (12), and a voltage U.sub.ne above a reference voltage indicative of a good (un-eroded) electrode indicates erosion of the electrode. The pressure measurement and U.sub.ne are compared with appropriate reference values to logically discriminate between wear of the nozzle and wear of the electrode (given that an increase in U.sub.ne due to electrode wear is opposed by a decrease in U.sub.ne due to nozzle wear). The apparatus and method may provide a binary "good" or "bad" output for the nozzle and electrode, respectively, or may allow for the degree of wear of each to be determined.
摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / AU95 / 00164 Sec。 371日期：1996年9月24日 102（e）1996年9月24日PCT 1995年3月24日PCT PCT。公开号WO95 / 26251 日期1995年10月5日用于监测等离子弧焊炬的状态的方法和装置确定炬的喷嘴（13）和炬的电极（11）是否遭受了任何侵蚀并区分两者。在割炬正在操作以检测喷嘴（13）的孔口（12）的侵蚀和电极（11）之间的电压Une的同时，监视供给炬（p1或pn）的等离子体形成气体的压力）和喷嘴（13），同时在割炬操作的同时也监测电极（11）的腐蚀。低于表示良好（未侵蚀）喷嘴的参考压力的压力p1或pn表示孔口（12）的侵蚀，并且高于指示良好（未侵蚀）电极的参考电压的电压Une表示侵蚀电极。将压力测量和Une与适当的参考值进行比较，以逻辑上区分喷嘴的磨损和电极的磨损（假设由于电极磨损引起的Une的增加与喷嘴磨损引起的Une的减小相反）。该装置和方法可以分别为喷嘴和电极提供二进制“好”或“坏”输出，或者可以允许确定每个的磨损程度。

3. 发明授权

US06274841B1 Controlled plasma arc cutting 失效
标题翻译：受控等离子弧切割
公开(公告)号：US06274841B1
公开(公告)日：2001-08-14
申请号：US09508210
申请日：2000-05-17
申请人： Subramania Ramakrishnan , Ashley Grant Doolette , Maciej Wlodzimierz Rogozinski , Frederick Bedrich Polivka , Trevor Neil Kearney , Maya Gershenzon
发明人： Subramania Ramakrishnan , Ashley Grant Doolette , Maciej Wlodzimierz Rogozinski , Frederick Bedrich Polivka , Trevor Neil Kearney , Maya Gershenzon
IPC分类号： B23K1000
CPC分类号： B23K10/006
摘要： A process and apparatus for cutting a material using a plasma are jet provides improved uniformity along the length of cut, despite variations in cutting speed. This is achieved by pulsing the arc current and dynamically varying the pulsing. By this means the momentum of the plasma arc jet can be maintained substantially constant whilst the amount of energy delivered by the plasma arc jet is controllably varied. The pulsing can be dynamically varied in dependence on one or more of the cutting speed, the angle of ejection of a stream of molten material from the cut, the size of the droplets of the ejected material, the intensity of spectral pattern of light emitted from the plasma arc jet and material interface, and the arc voltage. The pulses can be varied by varying one or more of the pulsing frequency, the pulse duty, upper value of the pulse current, and depth of the pulses.
摘要翻译：使用等离子体切割材料的方法和设备是喷射，尽管切割速度有变化，但是提供沿切割长度的均匀性。这是通过脉冲电弧电流并动态地改变脉冲来实现的。通过这种方式，等离子体电弧射流的动量可以保持基本上恒定，而由等离子体电弧射流输送的能量的量是可控地变化的。脉冲可以根据切割速度，熔融材料流从切口的喷射角度，喷射材料的液滴的尺寸，从...发射的光的光谱图案的强度中的一个或多个来动态地变化等离子体电弧喷射和材料界面，以及电弧电压。可以通过改变脉冲频率，脉冲占空比，脉冲电流的上限值和脉冲深度中的一个或多个来改变脉冲。

4. 发明授权

US5227603A Electric arc generating device having three electrodes 失效
标题翻译：具有三个电极的电弧发生装置
公开(公告)号：US5227603A
公开(公告)日：1993-07-13
申请号：US663916
申请日：1991-05-07
申请人： Ashley G. Doolette , Walter T. Oppenlander , Subramania Ramakrishnan
发明人： Ashley G. Doolette , Walter T. Oppenlander , Subramania Ramakrishnan
IPC分类号： H05H1/34 , H05H1/42 , H05H1/48
CPC分类号： H05H1/48 , H05H1/42 , H05H2001/3452
摘要： An electric arc generating device including, a first electrode and at least two further electrodes. A source of electrical power is connected to said electrodes so as to cause an arc to burn between the first electrode and one of the further electrodes. The distribution of power within the zone of the arc is controlled by repetitively changing the path of the arc. That is, one root of the arc may remain attached to the first electrode, whereas attachment of the other root is transferred between two or more of the further electrodes on a repetitive basis. The timing and extent of each change may vary according to circumstances of use. The changes in arc path are due at least in part to repetitive modification of the influence of the power source on one or more of the further electrodes, but variation of the flow rate of gas/material through the arc zone can be another controlling factor.
摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / AU89 / 00396 Sec。 371日期1991年5月7日 102（e）日期1991年5月7日PCT提交1989年9月13日PCT公布。第WO90 / 03095号公报日期1990年3月22日。一种电弧产生装置，包括第一电极和至少两个其它电极。电源连接到所述电极，以便在第一电极和其它电极之间引起电弧燃烧。通过重复地改变电弧的路径来控制电弧区域内的功率分布。也就是说，电弧的一根可以保持附接到第一电极，而另一根的附着在重复的基础上在两个或更多个另外的电极之间传递。每次更改的时间和范围可能因使用情况而异。电弧路径的变化至少部分是由于电源对一个或多个另外的电极的影响的重复修改，而是通过电弧区域的气体/材料的流速的变化可以是另一个控制因素。

5. 发明授权

US5296672A Electric arc reactor having upstream and downstream electrodes 失效
标题翻译：具有上游和下游电极的电弧反应器
公开(公告)号：US5296672A
公开(公告)日：1994-03-22
申请号：US602281
申请日：1991-05-21
申请人： Subramania Ramakrishnan , Walter T. Oppenlander, deceased , Alan E. Mundy , Ian M. Ogilvy
发明人： Subramania Ramakrishnan , Walter T. Oppenlander, deceased , Alan E. Mundy , Ian M. Ogilvy
IPC分类号： B01J19/08 , H05B7/18 , H05H1/50 , B23K9/00
CPC分类号： H05B7/185 , B01J19/088 , H05H1/50
摘要： An electric arc reactor having a substantially straight feed material passage extending through both the anode and the cathode. Gas is fed into the gap between the two electrodes so as to swirl about the axis of the feed passage and thereby confine the lateral extend of the arc and also confine the location at which the upstream arc root attaches to the upstream electrode. An enlargement of the passage in the gap end of the upstream electrode provides an internal sloping root attachment surface. A similar enlargement may be provided in the downstream electrode, but spaced from the gap, if the downstream electrode forms the cathode. Gas flow in a direction towards the upstream end of the feed passage is used to control the location at which an arc root attaches to the sloping surface of a passage enlargement. Magnetic means is provided to induce rotation of the arc such as to form a hollow arc column which is coaxial with the feed passage and through which feed material can pass.
摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / AU89 / 00216 Sec。 371日期1991年5月21日 102（e）日期1991年5月21日PCT提交1989年5月17日PCT公布。出版物WO89 / 11775 日期为1989年11月30日。一种具有延伸穿过阳极和阴极的基本上直的进料材料通道的电弧反应器。气体被供给到两个电极之间的间隙中，以围绕进给通道的轴线旋转，从而限制电弧的横向延伸，并且还将上游弧根附着到上游电极的位置。上游电极的间隙端部中的通道的扩大提供内部倾斜的根部附着表面。如果下游电极形成阴极，则可以在下游电极中提供类似的放大图，但是与间隙间隔开。在朝向进给通道的上游端的方向上的气流用于控制弧根附着到通道放大的倾斜表面的位置。提供磁性装置以引起电弧的旋转，例如形成与进料通道同轴的中空弧形柱，并且进料可以通过该中空圆柱。

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