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1. 发明申请

WO2011119897A2 PHASE SHIFT KEYED OPTICAL COMMUNICATIONS 审中-公开
标题翻译：相移键控光通信
公开(公告)号：WO2011119897A2
公开(公告)日：2011-09-29
申请号：PCT/US2011029882
申请日：2011-03-24
申请人： MASSACHUSETTS INST TECHNOLOGY , CAPLAN DAVID O , SPELLMEYER NEAL W , HAMILTON SCOTT A , BOROSON DON M , RAO HEMONTH G , NORVIG MARC C , ROBINSON BRYAN S
发明人： CAPLAN DAVID O , SPELLMEYER NEAL W , HAMILTON SCOTT A , BOROSON DON M , RAO HEMONTH G , NORVIG MARC C , ROBINSON BRYAN S
IPC分类号： H04B10/02 , H04L27/18
CPC分类号： E21B49/00 , E21B47/0002 , G01V1/40 , H04B10/5561 , H04B10/677 , H04L27/2075 , H04L27/2096 , H04L27/223 , H04L27/2601
摘要： A burst-mode differential phase shift keying (DPSK) communications system according to an embodiment of the present invention enables practical, power-efficient, multi-rate communications between an optical transmitter and receiver. An embodiment of the system utilizes a single interferometer in the receiver with a relative path delay that is matched to the DPSK symbol rate of the link. DPSK symbols are transmitted in bursts, and the data rate may be varied by changing the ratio of the burst-on time to the burst-off time. This approach offers a number of advantages over conventional DPSK implementations, including near- optimum photon efficiency over a wide range of data rates, simplified multi-rate transceiver implementation, and relaxed transmit laser line-width requirements at low data rates.
摘要翻译：根据本发明实施例的突发模式差分相移键控（DPSK）通信系统实现了光发射器和接收器之间的实用，功率高效的多速率通信。该系统的实施例在接收机中利用与链路的DPSK符号速率相匹配的相对路径延迟的单个干涉仪。 DPSK符号以突发形式传输，并且可以通过改变突发时间与突发关闭时间的比率来改变数据速率。与传统的DPSK实现相比，这种方法提供了许多优点，包括在宽范围的数据速率下接近最佳的光子效率，简化的多速率收发器实现以及在低数据速率下松弛发射激光器线宽要求。

2. 发明申请

WO2011102992A2 SINGLE-TRANSDUCER, THREE-DIMENSIONAL LASER IMAGING SYSTEM AND METHOD 审中-公开
标题翻译：单传感器，三维激光成像系统及方法
公开(公告)号：WO2011102992A2
公开(公告)日：2011-08-25
申请号：PCT/US2011024034
申请日：2011-02-08
申请人： MASSACHUSETTS INST TECHNOLOGY , ROBINSON BRYAN S , BOROSON DON M , ALBOTA MARIUS A
发明人： ROBINSON BRYAN S , BOROSON DON M , ALBOTA MARIUS A
IPC分类号： H04N13/00
CPC分类号： G01S17/89
摘要： Disclosed herein are a system and method for three-dimensional imaging using a single transducer. A laser in a transmitter emits a sequence of short pulses, each of which is at a different center wavelength (frequency). A dispersive element in the transmitter spatially separates the pulses according to wavelength, with different pulses mapped to different spatial locations in a target volume via a lens. The pulses travel to the target, which scatters or back-reflects the pulses towards the dispersive element via the lens. The lens collects the returned pulses and transmits them to a single transducer via the dispersive element. The transducer measures the time of arrival for each returned pulse. Because the arrival time depends on the range to the object in the portion of the target illuminated by the corresponding emitted pulse, the measured arrival time can be used to reconstruct a 3D (angle- angle-range) image of the object.
摘要翻译：本文公开了使用单个换能器进行三维成像的系统和方法。发射器中的激光器发射一个短脉冲序列，每个短脉冲处于不同的中心波长（频率）。发射器中的色散元件根据波长在空间上分离脉冲，不同的脉冲通过透镜映射到目标体积中的不同空间位置。脉冲传播到目标，其通过透镜将脉冲散射或反向朝着色散元件反射。镜头收集返回的脉冲，并通过色散元件将其传输到单个换能器。换能器测量每个返回脉冲的到达时间。由于到达时间取决于由对应的发射脉冲照射的目标部分中的物体的距离，所以测量的到达时间可以用于重建物体的3D（角度范围）图像。

3. 发明申请

WO2016112288A2 GROUND TERMINAL DESIGN FOR HIGH RATE DIRECT TO EARTH OPTICAL COMMUNICATIONS 审中-公开
标题翻译：高速直接到地球光通信的地面终端设计
公开(公告)号：WO2016112288A2
公开(公告)日：2016-07-14
申请号：PCT/US2016012643
申请日：2016-01-08
申请人： MASSACHUSETTS INST TECHNOLOGY
发明人： BOROSON DON M , ROBINSON BRYAN S , MURPHY DANIEL V , STEWART JASON , KHATRI FARZANA I , CONSTANTINE STEVEN , GEISLER DAVID J , YARNALL TIMOTHY M , DARLING ZACHARY
CPC分类号： H04B10/118 , H04B7/18513 , H04B10/1121 , H04B10/29 , H04B10/40 , H04B10/61 , H04J14/02
摘要： Challenges of direct-to-Earth (DTE) laser communications (lasercom) between spacecraft in low-Earth orbit (LEO) or medium-Earth orbit (MEO) and ground terminals can include short duration transmission windows, long time gaps between the transmission windows, deleterious effects of atmospheric turbulence, and the inability to operate in cloudy weather. Direct-link optical communications systems described herein can have data rates that are high enough to empty high-capacity on-board buffer(s) (e.g., having a capacity of at least about 1 Tb to hundreds of Tb) of a spacecraft in a single pass lasting only tens of seconds to a few minutes (e.g., 1-15 minutes), and overprovisioning the buffer capacity accounts for variations in the latency between links. One or more distributed networks of compact optical ground terminals, connected via terrestrial data networks, receive and demodulate WDM optical data transmissions from a plurality of orbiting spacecraft (e.g., satellites).
摘要翻译：在低地球轨道（LEO）或中地球轨道（MEO）中的航天器与地面终端之间的直接对地（DTE）激光通信（激光通信）的挑战可以包括短持续时间传输窗口，传输窗口之间的长时间间隔，大气湍流的有害影响，以及在多云天气下无法操作。这里描述的直接链路光通信系统可以具有足够高的数据速率，以清空在一个或多个处理器中的航天器的高容量板载缓冲器（例如，具有至少大约1Tb到几百个Tb的容量）单次通过仅持续几十秒到几分钟（例如1-15分钟），并且过度配置缓冲器容量会导致链路之间的延迟变化。通过地面数据网络连接的一个或多个小型光学地面终端的分布式网络接收并解调来自多个轨道空间飞行器（例如卫星）的WDM光学数据传输。

4. 发明申请

WO2016190934A3 METHODS, SYSTEMS, AND APPARATUS FOR GLOBAL MULTIPLE-ACCESS OPTICAL COMMUNICATIONS 审中-公开
标题翻译：全球多通道光通信的方法，系统和设备
公开(公告)号：WO2016190934A3
公开(公告)日：2017-01-05
申请号：PCT/US2016019732
申请日：2016-02-26
申请人： MASSACHUSETTS INST TECHNOLOGY
发明人： BOROSON DON M , ROBINSON BRYAN SHAWN
IPC分类号： H04B7/185 , H04B10/00
CPC分类号： H04B10/118 , G02B23/00 , H04B7/19 , H04B7/195 , H04B10/5161 , H04B10/60 , H04J14/0223
摘要： A wide-field telescope and focal plane array (FPA) that look at Earth and satellites in low- and medium-Earth orbit (LEO and MEO) from a satellite in higher orbit, such as geostationary Earth orbit (GEO), can serve as a node in an on-demand, optical multiple access (OMA) communications network. The FPA receives asynchronous low-rate signals from LEO and MEO satellites and ground stations at a signal rate determined in part by the FPA frame rate (e.g., kHz to MHz). A controller tracks the low-rate signals across the FPA as the signal sources orbit Earth. The node also includes one or more transmitters that relay the received information to other nodes via wavelength-division multiplexed (WDM) free-space optical signals. These other signals may include low-rate telemetry communications, burst transmissions, and continuous data relay links.
摘要翻译：从高轨道卫星（如地球静止轨道（GEO））的地球和地球轨道（LEO和MEO）中观测地球和卫星的广域望远镜和焦平面阵列（FPA）可以作为点对多光接入（OMA）通信网络中的节点。 FPA以部分由FPA帧速率（例如，kHz至MHz）确定的信号速率从LEO和MEO卫星和地面站接收异步低速率信号。控制器跟踪FPA上的低速信号作为信号源轨道地球。节点还包括一个或多个发射机，其通过波分复用（WDM）自由空间光信号将接收到的信息中继到其他节点。这些其他信号可以包括低速率遥测通信，突发传输和连续的数据中继链路。

5. 发明申请

WO2016112289A3 NETWORK OF EXTREMELY HIGH BURST RATE OPTICAL DOWNLINKS 审中-公开
标题翻译：极高的突发速率光下行链路网络
公开(公告)号：WO2016112289A3
公开(公告)日：2016-09-29
申请号：PCT/US2016012644
申请日：2016-01-08
申请人： MASSACHUSETTS INST TECHNOLOGY
发明人： BOROSON DON M , ROBINSON BRYAN S , REID BRYAN M
IPC分类号： H04B10/11
CPC分类号： H04B10/118 , H04B7/18513 , H04B10/1121 , H04B10/29 , H04B10/40 , H04B10/61 , H04J14/02
摘要： Traditional satellite-to-earth data transmission systems are constrained by inefficient relay schemes and/or short-duration data transfers at low data rates. Communication systems described herein achieve extremely high burst rate (e.g., 10 Gbps or greater) direct-to-Earth (DTE) data transmission over a free-space optical link between a spacecraft and a remote terminal, which may be a ground terminal or another space terminal. The optical link is established, for example, when the remote terminal is at an elevation of 20〬 with respect to a horizon of the remote terminal. In some embodiments, a data transmission burst contains at least 1 Terabyte of information, and has a duration of 6 minutes or less. The communication system can include forward error correction by detecting a degradation of a received free-space optical signal and re-transmitting at least a portion of the free-space optical signal.
摘要翻译：传统的卫星到地球数据传输系统受低效率的中继方案和/或低数据速率下的短时数据传输的制约。这里描述的通信系统通过航天器和远程终端之间的自由空间光链路实现极高的突发速率（例如，10Gbps或更大）直接对地（DTE）数据传输，该远程终端可以是地面终端或另一个终端太空终端。例如，当远程终端相对于远程终端的水平线位于20°的高度时，建立光学链路。在一些实施例中，数据传输突发包含至少1TB的信息，并且具有6分钟或更少的持续时间。通信系统可以包括通过检测接收到的自由空间光信号的退化并重新发送自由空间光信号的至少一部分来进行前向纠错。

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