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1. 发明授权

US06219452B1 Pattern matching system and method which performs local stability analysis for improved efficiency 有权
标题翻译：模式匹配系统和方法进行局部稳定性分析，提高效率
公开(公告)号：US06219452B1
公开(公告)日：2001-04-17
申请号：US09227506
申请日：1999-01-06
申请人： Dinesh Nair , Lothar Wenzel , Nicolas Vazquez , Samson DeKey
发明人： Dinesh Nair , Lothar Wenzel , Nicolas Vazquez , Samson DeKey
IPC分类号： G06K964
CPC分类号： G06K9/6203 , G06T7/223 , G06T7/248 , G06T7/74 , G06T2207/10016 , G06T2207/30108
摘要： A system and method for performing pattern matching to locate zero or more instances of a template image in a target image. The method first comprises sampling the template image using a Low Discrepancy sequence, also referred to as a quasi-random sequence, to determine a plurality of sample pixels in the template image which accurately characterize the template image. The Low Discrepancy sequence is designed to produce sample points which maximally avoid each other. After the template image is sampled or characterized, the method then performs pattern matching using the sample pixels and the target image to determine zero or more locations of the template image in the target image. The method may also perform a local stability analysis around at least a subset of the sample pixels to determine a lesser third number of sample pixels which have a desired degree of stability, and then perform pattern matching using the third plurality of sample pixels. In one embodiment, the local stability analysis determines a plurality of sets of sample pixels with differing stability neighborhood sizes, and the pattern matching performs a plurality of iterations of pattern matching using different sets of sample pixels, preferably performed in a coarse to fine manner, e.g., using sets of sample pixels with successively smaller stability neighborhood sizes and/or step sizes. The present invention also includes performing rotation invariant pattern matching by sampling the template image along one or more rotationally invariant paths, preferably circular perimeters, to produce one or more sets of sample pixels. These sample pixels from the circular paths are then used in the pattern matching. The rotationally invariant pattern matching may also use local stability analysis and coarse to fine searching techniques.
摘要翻译：一种用于执行模式匹配以在目标图像中定位模板图像的零个或多个实例的系统和方法。该方法首先包括使用低差异序列（也称为准随机序列）对模板图像进行采样，以确定模板图像中准确表征模板图像的多个样本像素。低差异序列被设计为产生最大程度地避免彼此的采样点。在模板图像被采样或表征之后，该方法然后使用样本像素和目标图像执行模式匹配，以确定目标图像中模板图像的零个或多个位置。该方法还可以围绕样本像素的至少一个子集执行局部稳定性分析，以确定具有期望程度的稳定性的较小的第三数量的采样像素，然后使用第三多个采样像素执行模式匹配。在一个实施例中，本地稳定性分析确定具有不同稳定性邻域大小的多组样本像素，并且模式匹配使用不同的采样像素集合执行多次迭代的模式匹配，优选地以粗略到精细的方式执行，例如，使用具有连续更小的稳定性邻域大小和/或步长的样本像素集合。本发明还包括通过沿着一个或多个旋转不变路径（优选圆周周长）采样模板图像来执行旋转不变模式匹配，以产生一组或多组采样像素。来自圆形路径的这些采样像素然后用于模式匹配。旋转不变模式匹配还可以使用局部稳定性分析和粗略到精细搜索技术。

2. 发明授权

US06222940B1 Pattern matching system and method which detects rotated and scaled template images 有权
标题翻译：模式匹配系统和方法，用于检测旋转和缩放的模板图像
公开(公告)号：US06222940B1
公开(公告)日：2001-04-24
申请号：US09227507
申请日：1999-01-06
申请人： Lothar Wenzel , Dinesh Nair , Nicolas Vazquez , Samson Dekey
发明人： Lothar Wenzel , Dinesh Nair , Nicolas Vazquez , Samson Dekey
IPC分类号： G06K964
CPC分类号： G06K9/6203 , G06T7/223 , G06T7/248 , G06T7/74 , G06T2207/10016 , G06T2207/30108
摘要： A system and method for performing pattern matching to locate zero or more instances of a template image in a target image. The method first comprises sampling the template image using a Low Discrepancy sequence, also referred to as a quasi-random sequence, to determine a plurality of sample pixels in the template image which accurately characterize the template image. The Low Discrepancy sequence is designed to produce sample points which maximally avoid each other. After the template image is sampled or characterized, the method then performs pattern matching using the sample pixels and the target image to determine zero or more locations of the template image in the target image. The method may also perform a local stability analysis around at least a subset of the sample pixels to determine a lesser third number of sample pixels which have a desired degree of stability, and then perform pattern matching using the third plurality of sample pixels. In one embodiment, the local stability analysis determines a plurality of sets of sample pixels with differing stability neighborhood sizes, and the pattern matching performs a plurality of iterations of pattern matching using different sets of sample pixels, preferably performed in a coarse to fine manner, e.g., using sets of sample pixels with successively smaller stability neighborhood sizes and/or step sizes. The present invention also includes performing rotation invariant pattern matching by sampling the template image along one or more rotationally invariant paths, preferably circular perimeters, to produce one or more sets of sample pixels. These sample pixels from the circular paths are then used in the pattern matching. The rotationally invariant pattern matching may also use local stability analysis and coarse to fine searching techniques.
摘要翻译：一种用于执行模式匹配以在目标图像中定位零个或多个模板图像实例的系统和方法。该方法首先包括使用低差异序列（也称为准随机序列）对模板图像进行采样，以确定模板图像中准确表征模板图像的多个样本像素。低差异序列被设计为产生最大程度地避免彼此的采样点。在模板图像被采样或表征之后，该方法然后使用样本像素和目标图像执行模式匹配，以确定目标图像中模板图像的零个或多个位置。该方法还可以围绕样本像素的至少一个子集执行局部稳定性分析，以确定具有期望程度的稳定性的较小的第三数量的采样像素，然后使用第三多个采样像素执行模式匹配。在一个实施例中，本地稳定性分析确定具有不同稳定性邻域大小的多组样本像素，并且模式匹配使用不同的采样像素集合执行多次迭代的模式匹配，优选地以粗略到精细的方式执行，例如，使用具有连续更小的稳定性邻域大小和/或步长的样本像素集合。本发明还包括通过沿着一个或多个旋转不变路径（优选圆周周长）采样模板图像来执行旋转不变模式匹配，以产生一组或多组采样像素。来自圆形路径的这些采样像素然后用于模式匹配。旋转不变模式匹配还可以使用局部稳定性分析和粗略到精细搜索技术。

3. 发明授权

US06370270B1 System and method for sampling and/or placing objects using low discrepancy sequences 有权
标题翻译：使用低差异序列采样和/或放置物体的系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US06370270B1
公开(公告)日：2002-04-09
申请号：US09385121
申请日：1999-08-27
申请人： Dinesh Nair , Lothar Wenzel , Nicolas Vazquez , Samson DeKey
发明人： Dinesh Nair , Lothar Wenzel , Nicolas Vazquez , Samson DeKey
IPC分类号： G06K962
CPC分类号： G06K9/6203 , G06K2209/19 , G06T7/223 , G06T7/248 , G06T7/74 , G06T2207/10016 , G06T2207/30108
摘要： A system and method for improved image characterization, object placement, and mesh design utilizing Low Discrepancy sequences. The Low Discrepancy sequence is designed to produce sample points which maximally avoid one another, i.e., the distance between any two sample points is maximized. The invention may be applied specifically to methods of image characterization, pattern matching, acquiring image statistics, object location, image reconstruction, motion estimation, object placement, sensor placement, and mesh design, among others. Image characterization is performed by receiving an image and then sampling the image using a Low Discrepancy sequence, also referred to as a quasi-random sequence, to determine a plurality of sample pixels in the image which characterize the image. Sensor placement is performed by generating a Low Discrepancy sequence for the desired placement application, and then selecting locations for the optimal placement of sensors using the generated Low Discrepancy sequence.
摘要翻译：一种利用低差异序列改进图像表征，物体放置和网格设计的系统和方法。低偏差序列被设计为产生最大程度地相互避免的采样点，即，任何两个采样点之间的距离最大化。本发明可以专门应用于图像表征，模式匹配，获取图像统计，对象位置，图像重建，运动估计，对象放置，传感器放置和网格设计等的方法。通过接收图像并且然后使用低差异序列（也称为准随机序列）对图像进行采样来确定图像中表征图像的多个样本像素来执行图像表征。通过为所需的放置应用生成低差分序列，然后使用生成的低差异序列选择位置以实现传感器的最佳放置来执行传感器放置。

4. 发明授权

US06229921B1 Pattern matching system and method with improved template image sampling using low discrepancy sequences 有权
标题翻译：模式匹配系统和方法，使用低差异序列改进模板图像采样
公开(公告)号：US06229921B1
公开(公告)日：2001-05-08
申请号：US09227508
申请日：1999-01-06
申请人： Lothar Wenzel , Dinesh Nair , Nicolas Vazquez , Samson DeKey
发明人： Lothar Wenzel , Dinesh Nair , Nicolas Vazquez , Samson DeKey
IPC分类号： G06K962
CPC分类号： G06K9/6203 , G06K2209/19 , G06T7/223 , G06T7/248 , G06T7/74 , G06T2207/10016 , G06T2207/30108
摘要： A system and method for performing pattern matching to locate zero or more instances of a template image in a target image. The method first comprises sampling the template image using a Low Discrepancy sequence, also referred to as a quasi-random sequence, to determine a plurality of sample pixels in the template image which accurately characterize the template image. The Low Discrepancy sequence is designed to produce sample points which maximally avoid each other. After the template image is sampled or characterized, the method then performs pattern matching using the sample pixels and the target image to determine zero or more locations of the template image in the target image. The method may also perform a local stability analysis around at least a subset of the sample pixels to determine a lesser third number of sample pixels which have a desired degree of stability, and then perform pattern matching using the third plurality of sample pixels. In one embodiment, the local stability analysis determines a plurality of sets of sample pixels with differing stability neighborhood sizes, and the pattern matching performs a plurality of iterations of pattern matching using different sets of sample pixels, preferably performed in a coarse to fine manner, e.g., using sets of sample pixels with successively smaller stability neighborhood sizes and/or step sizes. The present invention also includes performing rotation invariant pattern matching by sampling the template image along one or more rotationally invariant paths, preferably circular perimeters, to produce one or more sets of sample pixels. These sample pixels from the circular paths are then used in the pattern matching. The rotationally invariant pattern matching may also use local stability analysis and coarse to fine searching techniques.
摘要翻译：一种用于执行模式匹配以在目标图像中定位模板图像的零个或多个实例的系统和方法。该方法首先包括使用低差异序列（也称为准随机序列）对模板图像进行采样，以确定模板图像中准确表征模板图像的多个样本像素。低差异序列被设计为产生最大程度地避免彼此的采样点。在模板图像被采样或表征之后，该方法然后使用样本像素和目标图像执行模式匹配，以确定目标图像中模板图像的零个或多个位置。该方法还可以围绕样本像素的至少一个子集执行局部稳定性分析，以确定具有期望程度的稳定性的较小的第三数量的采样像素，然后使用第三多个采样像素执行模式匹配。在一个实施例中，本地稳定性分析确定具有不同稳定性邻域大小的多组样本像素，并且模式匹配使用不同的采样像素集合执行多次迭代的模式匹配，优选地以粗略到精细的方式执行，例如，使用具有连续更小的稳定性邻域大小和/或步长的样本像素集合。本发明还包括通过沿着一个或多个旋转不变路径（优选圆周周长）采样模板图像来执行旋转不变模式匹配，以产生一组或多组采样像素。来自圆形路径的这些采样像素然后用于模式匹配。旋转不变模式匹配还可以使用局部稳定性分析和粗略到精细搜索技术。

5. 发明申请

US20070237396A1 Pattern Matching Method Selection 有权
标题翻译：模式匹配方法选择
公开(公告)号：US20070237396A1
公开(公告)日：2007-10-11
申请号：US11763902
申请日：2007-06-15
申请人： Lothar Wenzel , Nicolas Vazquez , Kevin Schultz , Dinesh Nair
发明人： Lothar Wenzel , Nicolas Vazquez , Kevin Schultz , Dinesh Nair
IPC分类号： G06K9/62
CPC分类号： G06T7/0004 , G06K9/6857
摘要： A system and method for performing pattern matching to locate zero or more instances of a template image in a target image. An image is received by a computer from an image source, e.g., a camera. First pattern matching is performed on the image using a first pattern matching technique to determine a plurality of candidate areas. Second pattern matching is performed on each of the candidate areas using a second different pattern matching technique to generate final pattern match results. An output is generated indicating the final pattern match results. The second pattern matching may determine a second plurality of candidate areas which may be analyzed to determine the final pattern match results. The first pattern matching may use a plurality of pattern matching techniques, the results of which may be used to select a best technique from the plurality of techniques to use for the second pattern match.
摘要翻译：一种用于执行模式匹配以在目标图像中定位零个或多个模板图像实例的系统和方法。计算机从图像源（例如相机）接收图像。使用第一模式匹配技术对图像执行第一模式匹配以确定多个候选区域。使用第二不同的模式匹配技术对每个候选区域执行第二模式匹配以生成最终模式匹配结果。生成指示最终模式匹配结果的输出。第二模式匹配可以确定可以被分析以确定最终模式匹配结果的第二多个候选区域。第一模式匹配可以使用多个模式匹配技术，其结果可以用于从用于第二模式匹配的多种技术中选择最佳技术。

6. 发明授权

US07397956B2 Pattern matching method selection 有权
标题翻译：模式匹配方法选择
公开(公告)号：US07397956B2
公开(公告)日：2008-07-08
申请号：US11763902
申请日：2007-06-15
申请人： Lothar Wenzel , Nicolas Vazquez , Kevin L. Schultz , Dinesh Nair
发明人： Lothar Wenzel , Nicolas Vazquez , Kevin L. Schultz , Dinesh Nair
IPC分类号： G06K9/62
CPC分类号： G06T7/0004 , G06K9/6857
摘要： A system and method for performing pattern matching to locate zero or more instances of a template image in a target image. An image is received by a computer from an image source, e.g., a camera. First pattern matching is performed on the image using a first pattern matching technique to determine a plurality of candidate areas. Second pattern matching is performed on each of the candidate areas using a second different pattern matching technique to generate final pattern match results. An output is generated indicating the final pattern match results. The second pattern matching may determine a second plurality of candidate areas which may be analyzed to determine the final pattern match results. The first pattern matching may use a plurality of pattern matching techniques, the results of which may be used to select a best technique from the plurality of techniques to use for the second pattern match.
摘要翻译：一种用于执行模式匹配以在目标图像中定位零个或多个模板图像实例的系统和方法。计算机从图像源（例如相机）接收图像。使用第一模式匹配技术对图像执行第一模式匹配以确定多个候选区域。使用第二不同的模式匹配技术对每个候选区域执行第二模式匹配以生成最终模式匹配结果。生成指示最终模式匹配结果的输出。第二模式匹配可以确定可以被分析以确定最终模式匹配结果的第二多个候选区域。第一模式匹配可以使用多个模式匹配技术，其结果可以用于从用于第二模式匹配的多种技术中选择最佳技术。

7. 发明授权

US07233699B2 Pattern matching using multiple techniques 有权
标题翻译：使用多种技术的模式匹配
公开(公告)号：US07233699B2
公开(公告)日：2007-06-19
申请号：US10100418
申请日：2002-03-18
申请人： Lothar Wenzel , Nicolas Vazquez , Kevin L. Schultz , Dinesh Nair
发明人： Lothar Wenzel , Nicolas Vazquez , Kevin L. Schultz , Dinesh Nair
IPC分类号： G06K9/62
CPC分类号： G06T7/0004 , G06K9/6857
摘要： A system and method for performing pattern matching to locate zero or more instances of a template image in a target image. An image is received by a computer from an image source, e.g., a camera. First pattern matching is performed on the image using a first pattern matching technique to determine a plurality of candidate areas. Second pattern matching is performed on each of the candidate areas using a second different pattern matching technique to generate final pattern match results. An output is generated indicating the final pattern match results. The second pattern matching may determine a second plurality of candidate areas which may be analyzed to determine the final pattern match results. The first pattern matching may use a plurality of pattern matching techniques, the results of which may be used to select a best technique from the plurality of techniques to use for the second pattern match.
摘要翻译：一种用于执行模式匹配以在目标图像中定位零个或多个模板图像实例的系统和方法。计算机从图像源（例如相机）接收图像。使用第一模式匹配技术对图像执行第一模式匹配以确定多个候选区域。使用第二不同的模式匹配技术对每个候选区域执行第二模式匹配以生成最终模式匹配结果。生成指示最终模式匹配结果的输出。第二模式匹配可以确定可以被分析以确定最终模式匹配结果的第二多个候选区域。第一模式匹配可以使用多个模式匹配技术，其结果可以用于从用于第二模式匹配的多种技术中选择最佳技术。

8. 发明授权

US07233700B2 System and method for signal matching and characterization 有权
标题翻译：用于信号匹配和表征的系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US07233700B2
公开(公告)日：2007-06-19
申请号：US11105761
申请日：2005-04-14
申请人： Ram Rajagopal , Lothar Wenzel , Dinesh Nair , Darren Schmidt
发明人： Ram Rajagopal , Lothar Wenzel , Dinesh Nair , Darren Schmidt
IPC分类号： G06K9/62 , G06K9/36
CPC分类号： G06K9/00496 , G06F17/15 , G06K9/52 , G06K9/522 , G06K9/6203
摘要： A system and method for selecting a best match of a received input signal from a set of candidate signals, wherein two or more of the candidate signals are uncorrelated. In a preprocessing phase a signal transform (UST) is determined from the candidate signals. The UST converts each candidate signal to a generalized frequency domain. The UST is applied at a generalized frequency to each candidate signal to calculate corresponding generalized frequency component values (GFCVs) for each candidate signal. At runtime, the input signal of interest is received, and the UST is applied at the generalized frequency to the input signal of interest to calculate a corresponding GFCV. The best match is determined between the GFCV of the input signal of interest and the GFCVs of each of the set of candidate signals. Finally, information indicating the best match candidate signal from the set of candidate signals is output.
摘要翻译：一种用于从一组候选信号中选择接收的输入信号的最佳匹配的系统和方法，其中两个或更多个候选信号是不相关的。在预处理阶段，从候选信号确定信号变换（UST）。 UST将每个候选信号转换成广义频域。 UST以广义频率应用于每个候选信号，以计算每个候选信号的相应的广义频率分量值（GFCV）。在运行时，接收感兴趣的输入信号，并将UST以广义频率施加到感兴趣的输入信号，以计算相应的GFCV。在感兴趣的输入信号的GFCV和候选信号组中的每一个的GFCV之间确定最佳匹配。最后，输出从候选信号组中指示最佳匹配候选信号的信息。

9. 发明授权

US07013047B2 System and method for performing edge detection in an image 有权
标题翻译：用于在图像中执行边缘检测的系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US07013047B2
公开(公告)日：2006-03-14
申请号：US09894272
申请日：2001-06-28
申请人： Darren Schmidt , Ram Rajagopal , Lothar Wenzel , Dinesh Nair
发明人： Darren Schmidt , Ram Rajagopal , Lothar Wenzel , Dinesh Nair
IPC分类号： G06K9/48
CPC分类号： G06K9/4604 , G06F17/30259 , G06T7/12 , G06T7/149
摘要： A system and method for performing a curve fit on a plurality of data points. In an initial phase, a subset Pmax of the plurality of points which represents an optimal curve is determined. This phase is based on a statistical model which dictates that after trying at most Nmin random curves, each connecting a randomly selected two or more points from the input set, one of the curves will pass within a specified radius of the subset Pmax of the input points. The subset Pmax may then be used in the second phase of the method, where a refined curve fit is made by iteratively culling outliers from the subset Pmax with respect to a succession of optimal curves fit to the modified subset Pmax at each iteration. The refined curve fit generates a refined curve, which may be output along with a final culled subset Kfinal of Pmax.
摘要翻译：一种用于在多个数据点上执行曲线拟合的系统和方法。在初始阶段中，确定表示最佳曲线的多个点中的子集P最大值。该阶段基于统计模型，其指示在尝试最多N分钟随机曲线之后，每个随机曲线连接从输入集合中随机选择的两个或更多个点，其中一个曲线将在指定的输入点的子集P最大的半径。然后可以在该方法的第二阶段中使用子集P max，其中通过相对于a的子集P i迭代地淘汰离群值来进行精细曲线拟合在每次迭代时，优化曲线的连续拟合到修改的子集P最大。精细曲线拟合产生精细曲线，其可以与最终淘汰的子集K最终一起输出。

10. 发明申请

US20050177314A1 System and method for signal matching and characterization 有权
标题翻译：用于信号匹配和表征的系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US20050177314A1
公开(公告)日：2005-08-11
申请号：US11105761
申请日：2005-04-14
申请人： Ram Rajagopal , Lothar Wenzel , Dinesh Nair , Darren Schmidt
发明人： Ram Rajagopal , Lothar Wenzel , Dinesh Nair , Darren Schmidt
IPC分类号： G06F17/15 , G06K9/52 , G06K9/64 , G06F7/00 , G01N33/48 , G01N33/50 , G06F17/30 , G06F19/00
CPC分类号： G06K9/00496 , G06F17/15 , G06K9/52 , G06K9/522 , G06K9/6203
摘要： A system and method for selecting a best match of a received input signal from a set of candidate signals, wherein two or more of the candidate signals are uncorrelated. In a preprocessing phase a signal transform (UST) is determined from the candidate signals. The UST converts each candidate signal to a generalized frequency domain. The UST is applied at a generalized frequency to each candidate signal to calculate corresponding generalized frequency component values (GFCVs) for each candidate signal. At runtime, the input signal of interest is received, and the UST is applied at the generalized frequency to the input signal of interest to calculate a corresponding GFCV. The best match is determined between the GFCV of the input signal of interest and the GFCVs of each of the set of candidate signals. Finally, information indicating the best match candidate signal from the set of candidate signals is output.
摘要翻译：一种用于从一组候选信号中选择接收的输入信号的最佳匹配的系统和方法，其中两个或更多个候选信号是不相关的。在预处理阶段，从候选信号确定信号变换（UST）。 UST将每个候选信号转换成广义频域。 UST以广义频率应用于每个候选信号，以计算每个候选信号的相应的广义频率分量值（GFCV）。在运行时，接收感兴趣的输入信号，并将UST以广义频率施加到感兴趣的输入信号，以计算相应的GFCV。在感兴趣的输入信号的GFCV和候选信号组中的每一个的GFCV之间确定最佳匹配。最后，输出从候选信号组中指示最佳匹配候选信号的信息。

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