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    • 3. 发明授权
    • Electrodeionization apparatus with scaling control
    • 具有缩放控制功能的电离装置
    • US06296751B1
    • 2001-10-02
    • US09526658
    • 2000-03-15
    • Leon Mir
    • Leon Mir
    • B01D6148
    • B01D61/48B01J47/08C02F1/42C02F1/4604C02F1/4695C02F2201/46115
    • First and second stages are used in electrodeionization to purify water including calcium and carbon dioxide and its hydrates. The diluting flow channels of the first stage include only anion exchange material or cation exchange material, and thus remove either carbon dioxide and its hydrates (and other anions) or calcium (and other cations) but not the other. The diluting flow channels of the second stage receive the diluting channel effluent from the first stage and include the other type of exchange resin (or a mixed resin) and remove the oppositely charged ions. The brine effluent from the concentrating flow channels in the first stage is isolated from the second stage, and calcium and total inorganic carbon tend to be removed in different stages so as to deter calcium carbonate precipitation in any of the concentrating flow channels. Also the concentrating channels can include cation exchange material next to the anion membrane, with pH being lowered at the surface of the anion so as to limit calcium carbonate precipitation in the concentrating flow channel. Also disclosed are using countercurrent flow in the diluting flow channels and the concentrating flow channels and flowing the feed to the concentrating compartment first through a region that renders it substantially acidic before it enters a region that contains calcium.
    • 第一和第二阶段用于去离子水以净化包括钙和二氧化碳及其水合物的水。 第一阶段的稀释流动通道仅包括阴离子交换材料或阳离子交换材料,因此除去二氧化碳及其水合物(和其它阴离子)或钙(和其它阳离子)而不是另一种。 第二阶段的稀释流动通道接收来自第一阶段的稀释通道流出物,并且包括另一种类型的交换树脂(或混合树脂)并除去带相反电荷的离子。 来自第一阶段的浓缩流动通道的盐水流出物与第二阶段分离,并且钙和总无机碳倾向于在不同的阶段被去除,以便阻止任何浓缩流动通道中的碳酸钙沉淀。 此外,浓缩通道可以包括在阴离子膜旁边的阳离子交换材料,其pH在阴离子的表面降低,以限制浓缩流动通道中的碳酸钙沉淀。 还公开了在稀释流动通道和浓缩流动通道中使用逆流,并且将进料流经浓缩室首先通过使其在进入含钙的区域之前呈现基本上为酸性的区域。
    • 4. 发明授权
    • Electrodeionization apparatus with scaling control
    • 具有缩放控制功能的电离装置
    • US06187162B1
    • 2001-02-13
    • US09395327
    • 1999-09-13
    • Leon Mir
    • Leon Mir
    • B01D6148
    • C02F1/4695B01D61/48B01J47/08C02F1/42C02F1/4604C02F2201/46115
    • First and second stages are used in electrodeionization to purify water including calcium and carbon dioxide and its hydrates. The diluting flow channels of the first stage include only anion exchange material or cation exchange material, and thus remove either carbon dioxide and its hydrates (and other anions) or calcium (and other cations) but not the other. The diluting flow channels of the second stage receive the diluting channel effluent from the first stage and include the other type of exchange resin (or a mixed resin) and remove the oppositely charged ions. The brine effluent from the concentrating flow channels in the first stage is isolated from the second stage, and calcium and total inorganic carbon tend to be removed in different stages so as to deter calcium carbonate precipitation in any of the concentrating flow channels. Also the concentrating channels can include cation exchange material next the anion membrane, with pH being lowered at the surface of the anion so as to limit calcium carbonate precipitation in the concentrating flow channel.
    • 第一和第二阶段用于去离子水以净化包括钙和二氧化碳及其水合物的水。 第一阶段的稀释流动通道仅包括阴离子交换材料或阳离子交换材料,因此除去二氧化碳及其水合物(和其它阴离子)或钙(和其它阳离子)而不是另一种。 第二阶段的稀释流动通道接收来自第一阶段的稀释通道流出物,并且包括另一种类型的交换树脂(或混合树脂)并除去带相反电荷的离子。 来自第一阶段的浓缩流动通道的盐水流出物与第二阶段分离,并且钙和总无机碳倾向于在不同的阶段被去除,以便阻止任何浓缩流动通道中的碳酸钙沉淀。 此外,浓缩通道可以包括阴离子膜旁边的阳离子交换材料,pH在阴离子表面降低,以限制浓缩流动通道中的碳酸钙沉淀。
    • 10. 发明授权
    • Electrodeionization apparatus with fixed ion exchange materials
    • 具有固定离子交换材料的电离离子装置
    • US06241866B1
    • 2001-06-05
    • US09394170
    • 1999-09-13
    • Leon Mir
    • Leon Mir
    • B01D6144
    • C02F1/4695B01D61/48B01J47/08C02F1/42C02F1/4604C02F2201/46115
    • Electrodeionization apparatus for purifying water that includes a cathode, an anode, and a plurality of alternating anion permeable membranes and cation permeable membranes between the cathode and anode that define concentrating and diluting flow channels between adjacent pairs of membranes. The diluting channels include cation exchange materials and anion exchange materials that are fixed in close contacting position with respect to each other and provide conductive paths for cations and anions to the adjacent membranes and provide flow passages for water between the materials. The anion exchange materials and cation exchange materials each have a characteristic dimension that is smaller than the characteristic dimensions of the flow passages. The use of exchange materials with small dimensions and the fixed intimate contact of cation and anion exchange materials provides increased, uniform water splitting and resin regeneration, and a high rate of ion removal from the water flowing through the diluting channels compartments. An increased velocity can be provided in the diluting channels of by reintroducing a portion of the water from the diluting channel outlet to the diluting channel inlet or using flow diverters in the diluting channel to provide a tortuous path for the flowing water.
    • 用于净化水的电除去装置,其包括在阴极和阳极之间包括阴极,阳极和多个交替的阴离子可渗透膜和阳离子可渗透膜,其限定相邻膜对之间的浓缩和稀释流动通道。 稀释通道包括阳离子交换材料和阴离子交换材料,其相对于彼此紧密接触地固定,并为邻近的膜提供用于阳离子和阴离子的导电路径,并为材料之间的水提供流动通道。 阴离子交换材料和阳离子交换材料各自具有小于流动通道的特征尺寸的特征尺寸。 使用具有小尺寸的交换材料和阳离子和阴离子交换材料的固定紧密接触提供了增加的均匀的水分解和树脂再生,以及从流过稀释通道隔室的水中离子去除的高速率。 可以在稀释通道中提供增加的速度,通过将一部分水从稀释通道出口再次引入稀释通道入口或使用稀释通道中的流动分流器来为流动的水提供曲折的路径。