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1. 发明授权

US5239266A MRI using variable imaging parameter(s) within a single image sequence 失效
标题翻译： MRI在单个图像序列内使用可变成像参数
公开(公告)号：US5239266A
公开(公告)日：1993-08-24
申请号：US986570
申请日：1992-12-07
申请人： Leon Kaufman , David M. Kramer , John M. Coleman
发明人： Leon Kaufman , David M. Kramer , John M. Coleman
IPC分类号： G01R33/54 , G01R33/56 , G01R33/561
CPC分类号： G01R33/56 , G01R33/561 , G01R33/543
摘要： At least one imaging parameter (e.g., the repetition interval TR or the initial nutation angle .theta.) is varied during the course of a single MR image sequence. This variation in at least one imaging parameter is preferably controlled so as to increase the contrast and signal-to-noise ratio of lower spatial frequency image components. For example, by using longer TR intervals (or smaller initial nutation angle .theta.) during lower spatial frequency phase encoding sub-sequences, relatively more signal is gathered from NMR nuclei having long T1 parameters thus providing a resultant image with many characteristics of a much longer overall sequence (e.g., one using uniform relatively long TR intervals for all spatial frequency phase encoding sub-sequences).
摘要翻译：在单个MR图像序列的过程中，至少一个成像参数（例如，重复间隔TR或初始章动角θ）是变化的。优选地控制至少一个成像参数中的这种变化，以便增加较低空间频率图像分量的对比度和信噪比。例如，通过在低空间频率相位编码子序列期间使用较长的TR间隔（或较小的初始章动角θ），从具有长T1参数的NMR核收集相对较多的信号，从而提供具有更长时间的许多特征的合成图像整个序列（例如，对于所有空间频率相位编码子序列使用统一的相对长的TR间隔的一个序列）。

2. 发明授权

US5202632A MRI using variable imaging parameter(s) within a single image sequence 失效
标题翻译： MRI在单个图像序列中使用可变成像参数
公开(公告)号：US5202632A
公开(公告)日：1993-04-13
申请号：US562869
申请日：1990-08-03
申请人： Leon Kaufman , David M. Kramer , John M. Coleman
发明人： Leon Kaufman , David M. Kramer , John M. Coleman
IPC分类号： A61B5/055 , G01R33/54 , G01R33/56 , G01R33/561
CPC分类号： G01R33/56 , G01R33/561 , G01R33/543
摘要： At least one imaging parameter (e.g., the repetition interval TR or the initial nutation angle .theta.) is varied during the course of a single MR image sequence. This variation in at least one imaging parameter is preferably controlled so as to increase the contrast and signal-to-noise ratio of lower spatial frequency image components. For example, by using longer TR intervals (or smaller initial nutation angle .theta.) during lower spatial frequency phase encoding sub-sequences, relatively more signal is gathered from NMR nuclei having long T1 parameters thus providing a resultant image with many characteristics of a much longer overall sequence (e.g., one using uniform relatively long TR intervals for all spatial frequency phase encoding sub-sequences).
摘要翻译：在单个MR图像序列的过程中，至少一个成像参数（例如，重复间隔TR或初始章动角θ）是变化的。优选地控制至少一个成像参数中的这种变化，以便增加较低空间频率图像分量的对比度和信噪比。例如，通过在低空间频率相位编码子序列期间使用较长的TR间隔（或较小的初始章动角θ），从具有长T1参数的NMR核收集相对较多的信号，从而提供具有更长时间的许多特征的合成图像整个序列（例如，对于所有空间频率相位编码子序列使用统一的相对长的TR间隔的一个序列）。

3. 发明授权

US4908573A 3D image reconstruction method for placing 3D structure within common oblique or contoured slice-volume without loss of volume resolution 失效
标题翻译： 3D图像重建方法，用于将3D结构放置在共同的倾斜或轮廓切片体积内，而不会损失体积分辨率
公开(公告)号：US4908573A
公开(公告)日：1990-03-13
申请号：US293859
申请日：1989-01-05
申请人： Leon Kaufman , David M. Kramer , Ricardo Guzman
发明人： Leon Kaufman , David M. Kramer , Ricardo Guzman
IPC分类号： A61B5/055 , G01R33/36 , G01R33/54 , G01R33/56 , G06T1/00 , G06T11/00 , G06T15/08
CPC分类号： G01R33/4822 , G01R33/56 , G06T11/008 , G01R33/3607 , G01R33/4833
摘要： Variable voxel shifts required for shifting a 3D structure into a common oblique or contoured slice volume based on an existing 3D image are achieved by effecting variable f(x,y) phase shifts in corresponding frequency domain data parallel to a selected axis dimension and then reconstructing a new three-dimensional image having the 3D structure all located within a common oblique or otherwise contoured slice volume such that it may viewed in a single planar image display without loss of volume resolution. Equivalent convolution processes withing the spatial domain may also be empolyed. Oblique or curved reconstructions can thus be made using either originally acquired frequency domain data (used to construct the original image) or frequency domain data obtained by inverse Fourier transforming the available spatial domain data of the images themselves.

4. 发明授权

US5184074A Real-time MR imaging inside gantry room 失效
标题翻译：实时成像内部的GANTRY室
公开(公告)号：US5184074A
公开(公告)日：1993-02-02
申请号：US650215
申请日：1991-02-04
申请人： Mitsuaki Arakawa , Christine Hawryszko , Leon Kaufman , David M. Kramer , Barry McCarten
发明人： Mitsuaki Arakawa , Christine Hawryszko , Leon Kaufman , David M. Kramer , Barry McCarten
IPC分类号： A61B5/055 , G01R33/28 , G01R33/38
CPC分类号： G01R33/283 , G01R33/3806
摘要： Continuously updated real-time magnetic resonance imaging processes are used to display an MR image volume to an operator and/or patient co-located with the MRI magnet, viewing console and other elements of an MRI system within the same shielded gantry room. A CRT display may be used for lower field MRI systems while liquid crystal displays may be necessary for higher field MRI systems since the viewing console is to be co-located within the shielded gantry room near the MRI magnet assembly. Suitable RF shielding is provided to RF-isolate the viewing console and its related power and video signal cables from the MRI RF coils being used to monitor relatively weak NMR signals emanating from the image volume within the magnet assembly. When used with open access MRI magnet assemblies, such real-time viewing of the image volume within the gantry room permits performance of simultaneous patient procedures guided by real-time visual feedback to the patient and/or doctor, nurse, patient attendant and the like while located within the gantry room and having direct access to the patient anatomy within the image volume.

5. 发明授权

US5155435A Method and apparatus for performing interventional medical procedures using MR imaging of interventional device superimposed with ghost patient image 失效
标题翻译：使用叠加有鬼影像的介入装置的MR成像进行介入医学程序的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US5155435A
公开(公告)日：1992-10-13
申请号：US741943
申请日：1991-08-08
申请人： Leon Kaufman , David M. Kramer , Christine Hawryszko
发明人： Leon Kaufman , David M. Kramer , Christine Hawryszko
IPC分类号： A61B5/055 , A61B17/00 , A61B19/00 , G01R33/28 , G01R33/48
CPC分类号： G01R33/28 , A61B90/36 , A61B2090/374 , A61B34/10 , A61B90/10
摘要： Positioning of interventional devices within the patient image volume of an MRI system is performed while viewing real-time fluoroscopic MR images of such devices superimposed upon a saved prior image ("ghost") of patient anatomy that was earlier located within the same image volume. After such interventional medical procedure is thoroughly planned using the earlier acquired three-dimensional ghost image, the patient anatomy is relocated within the image volume and the final selected trajectory for the interventional device or medical procedure is then performed (preferably while real time MRI fluoroscopy is used to monitor the actual interventional procedure within the real patient anatomy).
摘要翻译：介入装置在MRI系统的患者图像体积内的定位被执行，同时观察叠加在先前位于相同图像体积内的患者解剖结构的保存的先前图像（“鬼”）的这种装置的实时透视MR图像。在使用早期获取的三维重影图像彻底规划这种介入医疗程序之后，将患者解剖结构重新定位在图像体积内，然后执行用于介入装置或医疗程序的最终所选择的轨迹（优选地，在实时MRI荧光透视术是用于监测真实患者解剖学中的实际介入程序）。

6. 发明授权

US5157330A Method and apparatus for compensating magnetic field inhomogeneity artifact in MRI 失效
标题翻译：用于补偿MRI中磁场不均匀性伪影的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US5157330A
公开(公告)日：1992-10-20
申请号：US659181
申请日：1991-02-22
申请人： Leon Kaufman , Joseph W. Carlson , David M. Kramer , James D. Hale , Kingman Yee
发明人： Leon Kaufman , Joseph W. Carlson , David M. Kramer , James D. Hale , Kingman Yee
IPC分类号： G01R33/565
CPC分类号： G01R33/56563
摘要： A measure of magnetic field inhomogeneity along a phase-encoded (e.g. y-axis) dimension is derived in k-space from previously acquired MRI phase-encoded projection data. From this, a measure of MRI data skewing caused by such inhomogeneity is obtained and used to compensate therefor. Since the MRI data is to be multi-dimensionally Fourier Transformed in most instances anyway, a transform in the relevant phase encoded dimension (e.g., y-axis) is taken followed with phase shifting each digitized data point by an amount proportional to the measured magnitude of inhomogeneity and to the datum coordinate in the read-out dimension (e.g., x-axis) and to the datum coordinate in each phase-encode dimension (e.g., y-axis) before the data is further Fourier Transformed with respect to the read-out dimension (e.g., x-axis). If two-dimensional phase encoding is employed (e.g., as in 3DFT), then a second level of similar inhomogeneity compensation can be had in the third dimension (e.g., z-axis) as well.
摘要翻译：在先前获得的MRI相位编码投影数据中，在k空间中导出沿着相位编码（例如y轴）尺寸的磁场不均匀性的度量。由此可以获得由这种不均匀性引起的MRI数据偏移的量度，并用于补偿。由于MRI数据在大多数情况下要进行多维傅立叶变换，所以在相关的相位编码维度（例如，y轴）中进行变换，然后将每个数字化数据点的相移量与测量的幅度成正比在数据进一步相对于读取的傅里叶变换之前，在读出维度（例如，x轴）和每个相位编码维度（例如，y轴）中的基准坐标之间的基准坐标 - 尺寸（例如，x轴）。如果采用二维相位编码（例如，如3DFT中那样），则在第三维度（例如，z轴）中可以具有类似的不均匀性补偿的第二级别。

7. 发明授权

US4970457A MRI compensated for spurious rapid variations in static magnetic field during a single MRI sequence 失效
标题翻译： MRI在单个MRI序列期间补偿静态磁场中的虚假快速变化
公开(公告)号：US4970457A
公开(公告)日：1990-11-13
申请号：US363187
申请日：1989-06-08
申请人： Leon Kaufman , Lawrence E. Crooks , James D. Hale , David M. Kramer , Kristen Hake , Heckor Avram , Joel Wummer
发明人： Leon Kaufman , Lawrence E. Crooks , James D. Hale , David M. Kramer , Kristen Hake , Heckor Avram , Joel Wummer
IPC分类号： A61B5/055 , G01R33/48 , G01R33/565 , G01R33/58
CPC分类号： G01R33/583 , G01R33/56563
摘要： Static B.sub.o field strength is measured during each TR interval of an MRI sequence providing field calibration data used to compensate for rapid variations in B.sub.o during the MRI sequence.

8. 发明授权

US07409035B2 Phantom for improving coronary calcium scoring consistency 失效
标题翻译：用于改善冠状动脉钙评分一致性的幻影
公开(公告)号：US07409035B2
公开(公告)日：2008-08-05
申请号：US11146668
申请日：2005-06-06
申请人： Leon Kaufman , Joseph W. Carlson
发明人： Leon Kaufman , Joseph W. Carlson
IPC分类号： G01D4/00
CPC分类号： G06F19/321 , A61B6/027 , A61B6/5288 , A61B6/541 , A61B6/583 , G06F19/00 , G06F19/324 , G06K9/40 , G06T5/002 , G06T5/003 , G06T5/10 , G06T5/20 , G06T2207/10081 , G06T2207/20008 , G06T2207/20056 , G06T2207/20192 , G06T2207/30101
摘要： Methods and devices for improving the machine-to-machine and temporal (e.g., inter and intra-machine) and database consistency of coronary calcium scoring by applying a filtering algorithm that sharpens and/or smoothes the image so as to return a filtered image having a spatial resolution of a certain reference value.
摘要翻译：用于通过应用使图像锐化和/或平滑的过滤算法来改善冠状动脉钙评分的机器对机器和时间（例如机内和机器间）和数据库一致性的方法和装置，以便返回具有某个参考值的空间分辨率。

9. 发明授权

US06751496B2 Inherently de-coupled sandwiched solenoidal array coil 有权
公开(公告)号：US06751496B2
公开(公告)日：2004-06-15
申请号：US09935705
申请日：2001-08-24
申请人： Sunyu Su , Leon Kaufman , Mitsuaki Arakawa
发明人： Sunyu Su , Leon Kaufman , Mitsuaki Arakawa
IPC分类号： A61B5055
CPC分类号： G01R33/3415
摘要： An inherently de-coupled sandwiched solenoidal array coil (SSAC) is disclosed for use in receiving nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) radio frequency (RF) signals in both horizontal and vertical-field magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) systems. In its most basic configuration, the SSAC comprises two coaxial RF receive coils. The first coil of the array has two solenoidal (or loop) sections that are separated from one another along a common axis. The two sections are electrically connected in series but the conductors in each section are wound in opposite directions so that a current through the coil sets up a magnetic field of opposite polarity in each section. The second coil of the SSAC is disposed (“sandwiched”) between the two separated solenoidal sections of the first coil in a region where the combined opposing magnetic fields cancel to become a null. Due to the winding arrangement and geometrical symmetry, the receive coils of the array become electromagnetically “de-coupled” from one another while still maintaining their sensitivity toward receiving NMR signals. The multiple coil array arrangement also allows for selecting between a larger or smaller field-of-view (FOV) to avoid image fold-over problems without time penalty in image data acquisition. Alternative embodiments are disclosed which include unequal constituent coil diameters, unequal constituent coil windings, non-coaxial coil configurations, a three-coil quadrature detection (QD) SSAC arrangement, multiple SSAC arrangements, and optimized SSAC configurations for breast imaging in both horizontal and vertical-field MRI systems.

10. 发明授权

US06493572B1 Inherently de-coupled sandwiched solenoidal array coil 有权
标题翻译：固有的去耦合夹层螺线管阵列线圈
公开(公告)号：US06493572B1
公开(公告)日：2002-12-10
申请号：US09408506
申请日：1999-09-30
申请人： Sunyu Su , Leon Kaufman , Mitsuaki Arakawa , Joseph W. Carlson
发明人： Sunyu Su , Leon Kaufman , Mitsuaki Arakawa , Joseph W. Carlson
IPC分类号： A61B5055
CPC分类号： G01R33/3415
摘要： An inherently de-coupled sandwiched solenoidal array coil (SSAC) is disclosed for use in receiving nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) radio frequency (RF) signals in both horizontal and vertical-field magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) systems. In its most basic configuration, the SSAC comprises two coaxial RF receive coils. The first coil of the array has two solenoidal (or loop) sections that are separated from one another along a common axis. The two sections are electrically connected in series but the conductors in each section are wound in opposite directions so that a current through the coil sets up a magnetic field of opposite polarity in each section. The second coil of the SSAC is disposed (“sandwiched”) between the two separated solenoidal sections of the first coil in a region where the combined opposing magnetic fields cancel to become a null. Due to the winding arrangement and geometrical symmetry, the receive coils of the array become electromagnetically “de-coupled” from one another while still maintaining their sensitivity toward receiving NMR signals. The multiple coil array arrangement also allows for selecting between a larger or smaller field-of-view (FOV) to avoid image fold-over problems without time penalty in image data acquisition. Alternative embodiments are disclosed which include unequal constituent coil diameters, unequal constituent coil windings, non-coaxial coil configurations, a three-coil quadrature detection (QD) SSAC arrangement, multiple SSAC arrangements, and optimized SSAC configurations for breast imaging in both horizontal and vertical-field MRI systems.
摘要翻译：公开了一种固有的去耦合的夹层螺线管阵列线圈（SSAC），用于在水平和垂直场磁共振成像（MRI）系统中接收核磁共振（NMR）射频（RF）信号。在其最基本的配置中，SSAC包括两个同轴RF接收线圈。阵列的第一个线圈具有沿公共轴彼此分离的两个螺线管（或环）部分。两个部分串联电连接，但每个部分中的导体沿相反的方向缠绕，使得通过线圈的电流在每个部分中建立相反极性的磁场。 SSAC的第二线圈在组合的相对磁场取消为零的区域中被布置（“夹持”在第一线圈的两个分离的螺线管部分之间）。由于绕组布置和几何对称性，阵列的接收线圈彼此电磁“去耦合”，同时仍然保持对接收NMR信号的灵敏度。多线圈阵列布置还允许在更大或更小的视场（FOV）之间进行选择，以避免图像折叠问题，而在图像数据采集中没有时间损失。公开了包括不等构成线圈直径，不相等的构成线圈绕组，非同轴线圈配置，三线圈正交检测（QD）SSAC布置，多个SSAC布置以及用于乳腺成像在水平和垂直方向上的优化SSAC配置的替代实施例场MRI系统。

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