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1. 发明授权

US4194691A Automatic control of the moisture content of the soil 失效
标题翻译：自动控制土壤含水量
公开(公告)号：US4194691A
公开(公告)日：1980-03-25
申请号：US964706
申请日：1978-11-29
申请人： Lawrence H. Birnbach , Curtis A. Birnbach
发明人： Lawrence H. Birnbach , Curtis A. Birnbach
IPC分类号： A01G25/16 , B05B12/04
CPC分类号： A01G25/167
摘要： The moisture content of the soil in each of a number of areas is maintained between predetermined wet and dry thresholds by a control having circuits operative in response to detected thresholds through contacts inserted in the soil to effect the opening and closing of a valve in the conduit by which water is delivered to that area. Typically a number of conduits are connected directly or through junctions to a common water supply and where that supply is pump controlled, the control for each conduit includes circuitry that enables a switch in the pump motor circuit to be closed whenever the valve operated by that control is open.
摘要翻译：通过具有响应于检测到的阈值而操作的回路的控制器将多个区域中的每一个中的土壤的水分含量保持在预定的湿和干燥阈值之间，通过插入在土壤中的触点来实现阀门在管道中的打开和关闭水被送到该地区。通常，多个管道直接连接或通过连接点连接到公共供水管道，并且在泵供应被泵控制的情况下，每个管道的控制器包括电路，其使泵电机电路中的开关能够在每当由该控制器操作的阀门时关闭开了。

2. 发明授权

US08682596B2 Method and system for detecting materials 有权
标题翻译：检测材料的方法和系统
公开(公告)号：US08682596B2
公开(公告)日：2014-03-25
申请号：US13027137
申请日：2011-02-14
申请人： Curtis A. Birnbach
发明人： Curtis A. Birnbach
IPC分类号： G01N31/00
CPC分类号： G01N21/3581 , G01N22/02
摘要： Disclosed is a method for detecting one or both of the native material in an object and any foreign material in the object by parallel-mode spectroscopy, comprising parallel-mode data acquisition, signal processing and data reduction and providing results. Parallel-mode data acquisition comprises producing an interrogating signal simultaneously containing electromagnetic radiation of sufficient bandwidth in the range of approximately 10 GHz to approximately 25 THz to allow simultaneous detection of a plurality of signals at a plurality of frequencies, each signal being at some amplitude, which collectively provide a unique spectral signature of a material whose detection is desired. The signal processing and data reduction comprises processing a signal resulting from exposing the object to the interrogating radiation to produce a three-dimensional data matrix representative of at least any foreign or native material associated with the object. Correlation technique is used to compare the data matrix to a reference library.
摘要翻译：公开了一种用于通过并行模式光谱检测对象中的天体材料和物体中的任何异物的一种或两种的方法，包括并行模式数据采集，信号处理和数据缩减以及提供结果。并行模式数据采集包括产生询问信号，同时包含大约10GHz至大约25THz范围内足够带宽的电磁辐射，以允许同时检测多个频率上的多个信号，每个信号处于某个幅度，它们共同提供期望检测的材料的唯一光谱特征。信号处理和数据简化包括处理从对象到询问辐射的曝光产生的信号，以产生代表与对象相关联的至少任何外来材料或天然材料的三维数据矩阵。相关技术用于将数据矩阵与参考库进行比较。

3. 发明授权

US08300378B2 Method and apparatus for protecting power systems from extraordinary electromagnetic pulses 有权
标题翻译：用于保护电力系统不被异常电磁脉冲的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US08300378B2
公开(公告)日：2012-10-30
申请号：US12725304
申请日：2010-03-16
申请人： Curtis A. Birnbach
发明人： Curtis A. Birnbach
IPC分类号： H02H1/04 , H02H7/04
CPC分类号： H01H83/10 , H02G7/22 , H02G13/00 , H02G13/60 , H02H5/005
摘要： One form of the invention provides a method and apparatus for preventing an extraordinary electromagnetic pulse from reaching and rendering inoperative an electrical component of an electrical power system, wherein the component is located in a conductive path of the system that receives the pulse. The method and apparatus comprises the steps or means for detecting the presence of the pulse in the conductive path prior to the pulse reaching and rendering inoperative the electrical component. The pulse is diverted around the electrical component with a low inductance, high current capacity circuit relative to the electrical component before the pulse can reach and render the electrical component inoperative. The foregoing invention may beneficially utilize a high-speed current shunt comprising a flat conductive metal strap having a defined current-measuring region, a tapered parallel-plate transmission-line matching transformer attached to the current-measuring region and an output via a coaxial cable.
摘要翻译：本发明的一种形式提供了一种用于防止非常电磁脉冲到达和使操作电力系统的电气部件失效的方法和装置，其中该部件位于接收该脉冲的系统的导电路径中。该方法和装置包括用于在脉冲到达并使电气部件不起作用之前检测在导电路径中存在脉冲的步骤或装置。在脉冲可以到达并使电气部件不能工作之前，相对于电气部件，脉冲在电气部件周围被转向具有低电感，高电流容量的电路。上述发明可以有利地利用包括具有限定的电流测量区域的平坦导电金属带，连接到电流测量区域的锥形平行板传输线匹配变压器和经由同轴电缆的输出的高速电流分路。

4. 发明授权

US08934599B2 System for inertially compressing a fusion fuel pellet with temporally spaced x-ray pulses 有权
标题翻译：用于惯性压缩具有时间间隔的x射线脉冲的聚变燃料丸的系统
公开(公告)号：US08934599B2
公开(公告)日：2015-01-13
申请号：US12550276
申请日：2009-08-28
申请人： Curtis A. Birnbach
发明人： Curtis A. Birnbach
IPC分类号： G21B1/03 , G21B1/23 , G21B1/19
CPC分类号： G21B1/19 , G21B1/03 , G21B1/23 , Y02E30/16
摘要： Systems for enhancing preignition conditions of a fusion reaction are disclosed. A first system includes a target chamber for receiving a fusion fuel, and energy driving means oriented to direct plasma confinement structure onto to the fusion fuel to facilitate ignition of a controlled fusion reaction of said fusion fuel. A plurality of electron sources provides electron beams of a predetermined energy and one of fluence and quantity, directed onto and illuminating, a fusion fuel-derived plasma for controlling the ratio of ion temperature and electron temperature of the plasma. A second system comprises a central target chamber for receiving a spherical pellet of fusion target material and at least first and second pluralities of energy drivers oriented to supply temporally-staged X-ray pulses to the fusion target material in a 3-dimensionally symmetric manner about said pellet. A third system combines aspects of the first and second systems.
摘要翻译：公开了用于增强聚变反应的预激发条件的系统。第一系统包括用于接收融合燃料的靶室，以及定向成将等离子体约束结构引导到熔化燃料上的能量驱动装置，以便于点燃所述熔化燃料的受控聚变反应。多个电子源提供指向和照射预定能量和能量和量子的电子束，用于控制等离子体的离子温度和电子温度的比例的聚变燃料衍生的等离子体。第二系统包括用于接收融合目标材料的球形颗粒的中心靶室，以及至少第一和第二多个能量驱动器，所述至少第一和第二多个能量驱动器以三维对称的方式以三维对称的方式向所述融合靶材料提供时间分段的X射线脉冲说粒料第三个系统结合了第一和第二个系统的各个方面。

5. 发明申请

US20120148003A1 Systems for Enhancing Preignition Conditions of Thermonuclear Fusion Reactions 有权
标题翻译：用于增强热核聚变反应前体条件的系统
公开(公告)号：US20120148003A1
公开(公告)日：2012-06-14
申请号：US13402228
申请日：2012-02-22
申请人： Curtis A. Birnbach
发明人： Curtis A. Birnbach
IPC分类号： G21B1/03 , G21B1/05
CPC分类号： G21B1/19 , G21B1/03 , G21B1/23 , Y02E30/16
摘要： Systems for enhancing preignition conditions of a fusion reaction are disclosed. A first system includes a target chamber for receiving a fusion fuel, and energy driving means oriented to direct plasma confinement structure onto to the fusion fuel to facilitate ignition of a controlled fusion reaction of said fusion fuel. A plurality of electron sources provides electron beams of a predetermined energy and one of fluence and quantity, directed onto and illuminating, a fusion fuel-derived plasma for controlling the ratio of ion temperature and electron temperature of the plasma. A second system comprises a central target chamber for receiving a spherical pellet of fusion target material and at least first and second pluralities of energy drivers oriented to supply temporally-staged X-ray pulses to the fusion target material in a 3-dimensionally symmetric manner about said pellet. A third system combines aspects of the first and second systems.
摘要翻译：公开了用于增强聚变反应的预激发条件的系统。第一系统包括用于接收融合燃料的靶室，以及定向成将等离子体约束结构引导到熔化燃料上的能量驱动装置，以便于点燃所述熔化燃料的受控聚变反应。多个电子源提供指向和照射预定能量和能量和量子的电子束，用于控制等离子体的离子温度和电子温度的比例的聚变燃料衍生的等离子体。第二系统包括用于接收融合目标材料的球形颗粒的中心靶室，以及至少第一和第二多个能量驱动器，所述至少第一和第二多个能量驱动器以三维对称的方式以三维对称的方式向所述融合靶材料提供时间分段的X射线脉冲说粒料第三个系统结合了第一和第二个系统的各个方面。

6. 发明申请

US20090285362A1 Flash X-Ray Irradiator 有权
标题翻译：闪光X射线辐射器
公开(公告)号：US20090285362A1
公开(公告)日：2009-11-19
申请号：US12467974
申请日：2009-05-18
申请人： Curtis A. Birnbach
发明人： Curtis A. Birnbach
IPC分类号： H01J35/00
CPC分类号： H01J35/065 , A23L3/263 , A61L2/0011 , A61L2/082 , A61L11/00 , B09C1/002 , B09C1/08 , C02F1/008 , C02F1/305 , C02F1/307 , C02F2201/008 , C02F2201/326 , C02F2303/04 , H01J35/045 , H01J35/08 , H01J35/16 , H01J35/22 , H01J2235/062 , H01J2235/068 , H01J2235/086 , H01J2235/087 , H05G1/24
摘要： An apparatus for Flash X-ray irradiation of material includes a Flash X-ray source comprised of an electron gun and an anode. The electron gun comprises a field emission cold cathode having an electrode emitting surface, and a grid for controlling electron flow from the cathode to the anode. The anode has an electron-receiving main surface and an X-ray emitting, oppositely facing main surface. The X-ray emitting surface emits X-radiation into an irradiation volume. The X-ray emitting surface of the anode has orthogonally oriented first and second dimensions of greater than 2 millimeters each. A high voltage pulse power supply powers the Flash X-ray source. The electron gun, anode and high voltage pulse power supply are so constructed as to create sufficient X-radiation in said irradiation volume to achieve a desired level of irradiation of material in said volume.
摘要翻译：用于材料的闪光X射线照射的装置包括由电子枪和阳极组成的闪光X射线源。电子枪包括具有电极发射表面的场发射冷阴极和用于控制从阴极到阳极的电子流的栅格。阳极具有电子接收主表面和X射线相对的主表面。 X射线发射表面将X射线发射到照射体积中。阳极的X射线发射表面具有正交取向的第一和第二尺寸大于2毫米。高压脉冲电源为闪光X射线源供电。电子枪，阳极和高压脉冲电源被构造成在所述照射体积中产生足够的X射线，以达到所述体积中所需材料的照射水平。

7. 发明授权

US08248740B2 High speed current shunt 有权
标题翻译：高速电流分流器
公开(公告)号：US08248740B2
公开(公告)日：2012-08-21
申请号：US12554818
申请日：2009-09-04
申请人： Curtis A. Birnbach
发明人： Curtis A. Birnbach
IPC分类号： H02H9/00 , H02H1/04 , H02H3/22
CPC分类号： H01H83/10 , H02G7/22 , H02G13/00 , H02H5/005
摘要： One form of the invention provides a method and apparatus for preventing an extraordinary electromagnetic pulse from reaching and rendering inoperative an electrical component of an electrical power system, wherein the component is located in a conductive path of the system that receives the pulse. The method and apparatus comprises the steps or means for detecting the presence of the pulse in the conductive path prior to the pulse reaching and rendering inoperative the electrical component. The pulse is diverted around the electrical component with a low inductance, high current capacity circuit relative to the electrical component before the pulse can reach and render the electrical component inoperative. The foregoing invention may beneficially utilize a high-speed current shunt comprising a flat conductive metal strap having a defined current-measuring region, a tapered parallel-plate transmission-line matching transformer attached to the current-measuring region and an output via a coaxial cable.
摘要翻译：本发明的一种形式提供了一种用于防止非常电磁脉冲到达和使操作电力系统的电气部件失效的方法和装置，其中该部件位于接收该脉冲的系统的导电路径中。该方法和装置包括用于在脉冲到达并使电气部件不起作用之前检测在导电路径中存在脉冲的步骤或装置。在脉冲可以到达并使电气部件不能工作之前，相对于电气部件，脉冲在电气部件周围被转向具有低电感，高电流容量的电路。上述发明可以有利地利用包括具有限定电流测量区域的平坦导电金属带，连接到电流测量区域的锥形平行板传输线匹配变压器和经由同轴电缆的输出的高速电流分路。

8. 发明申请

US20120081097A1 High Voltage High Current Regulator 有权
标题翻译：高压大电流调节器
公开(公告)号：US20120081097A1
公开(公告)日：2012-04-05
申请号：US13253877
申请日：2011-10-05
申请人： Curtis A. Birnbach
发明人： Curtis A. Birnbach
IPC分类号： G05F3/02 , H01J5/02 , H01J7/16
CPC分类号： H01G4/35 , G05F1/10 , H01J5/02 , H01J7/16 , H01J19/24 , H01J19/42 , H01J19/54 , H01J19/70 , H01J19/82 , H01J21/10 , H02H3/08 , H02H9/02 , H02H9/08
摘要： High voltage high current regulator circuit for regulating current is interposed between first and second terminals connected to an external circuit and comprises at least one main-current carrying cold-cathode field emission electron tube conducting current between the first and second terminals. First and second grid-control cold-cathode field emission electron tubes provide control signals for first and second grids of the at least one main-current carrying cold-cathode field emission electron tube for positive and negative excursions of voltage on the first and second terminals, respectively. The current regulator circuit may be accompanied by a voltage-clamping circuit that includes at least one cold-cathode field emission electron tube. At least two cold-cathode field emission electron tubes, configured to operate at high voltage and high current, are preferably contained within a single vacuum enclosure and are interconnected to provide a circuit function, so as to form a high voltage high current vacuum integrated circuit.
摘要翻译：用于调节电流的高压大电流调节器电路被插入在连接到外部电路的第一和第二端子之间，并且包括在第一和第二端子之间传导电流的至少一个主电流负载冷阴极场致发射电子管。第一和第二格栅控制冷阴极场发射电子管提供用于至少一个主电流负载冷阴极场发射电子管的第一和第二栅极的控制信号，用于在第一和第二端子上的正和负偏移电压，分别。电流调节器电路可以伴随着包括至少一个冷阴极场发射电子管的电压钳位电路。配置为在高电压和高电流下操作的至少两个冷阴极场发射电子管优选地包含在单个真空外壳内并且互连以提供电路功能，以便形成高压大电流真空集成电路。

9. 发明授权

US07978823B2 Cascade voltage amplifier and method of activating cascaded electron tubes 有权
标题翻译：级联电压放大器和激活级联电子管的方法
公开(公告)号：US07978823B2
公开(公告)日：2011-07-12
申请号：US12619407
申请日：2009-11-16
申请人： Curtis A. Birnbach
发明人： Curtis A. Birnbach
IPC分类号： H05G1/32
CPC分类号： A23L3/263 , A61L2/0011 , A61L2/082 , A61L11/00 , B09C1/002 , B09C1/08 , C02F1/008 , C02F1/305 , C02F1/307 , C02F2201/008 , C02F2201/326 , C02F2303/04 , H01J21/10 , H01J35/065 , H01J35/08 , H01J35/16 , H01J2235/062 , H01J2235/068 , H01J2235/086 , H01J2235/087 , H05G1/22
摘要： Disclosed is a cascade voltage amplifier for producing an amplified output in pulse or continuous wave form comprises at least one non-final stage with an electron tube configured as a switching and Class A or C amplifying structure. A final stage comprises an electron tube configured as a Class A or C amplifying structure. The at least one non-final stage and the final stage are connected in series, and the amplified output has a voltage of at least 1000 volts. Further disclosed is a method of activating a plurality of cascaded electron tube stages within a common vacuum enclosure. Beneficially, a sufficient amount of energy supplied to the first stage serially propagates through any intervening stage to the final stage so as to facilitate activation of all tube stages.
摘要翻译：公开了用于产生脉冲或连续波形的放大输出的级联电压放大器，包括至少一个非最终级，其中电子管被配置为开关和A类或C类放大结构。最后阶段包括配置为A类或C类放大结构的电子管。至少一个非最终级和最后级串联连接，放大的输出具有至少1000伏特的电压。进一步公开的是在公共真空外壳内激活多个级联的电子管级的方法。有利地，提供给第一级的足够量的能量连续地通过任何中间阶段传播到最后阶段，以便促进所有管段的活化。

10. 发明授权

US09406478B2 Method and apparatus for inducing chemical reactions by X-ray irradiation 有权
标题翻译：通过X射线照射诱导化学反应的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US09406478B2
公开(公告)日：2016-08-02
申请号：US13175707
申请日：2011-07-01
申请人： Curtis A. Birnbach , William H. Joyce , Mark L. Manewitz
发明人： Curtis A. Birnbach , William H. Joyce , Mark L. Manewitz
IPC分类号： B01J19/12 , H01J35/06 , B01J4/00 , B01J19/08 , C01B17/74 , C01D3/04 , H01J35/04 , H01J35/08 , H01J35/16 , H01J35/18 , H01J35/14
CPC分类号： H01J35/06 , B01J4/004 , B01J19/085 , B01J19/125 , B01J2219/00164 , B01J2219/00198 , B01J2219/00211 , B01J2219/00231 , C01B17/745 , C01D3/04 , H01J35/045 , H01J35/08 , H01J35/14 , H01J35/16 , H01J35/18 , H01J2235/087 , H01J2235/163 , H01J2235/166 , H01J2235/186
摘要： A method for inducing chemical reactions using X-ray radiation comprises generating an irradiation volume within the interior of a reaction vessel by introducing X-ray radiation into the volume, in which two or more reactants are introduced. With respect to the two or more reactants and any subsequently created intermediate reactant or reactants, the aggregate extent to which the foregoing reactants are to be ionized to any degree is selectively controlled, and the average degree of ionization in the irradiation volume, from partial to total, of that portion of the foregoing reactants which is to be ionized is selectively controlled, through control of the fluence and energy of the X-ray radiation, to thereby induce selective reactions of reactants to occur in the irradiation volume. One or more reactants may be delivered through a double-walled pipe containing X-ray shielding to prevent their premature irradiation before being injected into the irradiation volume.
摘要翻译：使用X射线辐射诱导化学反应的方法包括通过将X射线辐射引入其中引入两种或更多种反应物的体积来在反应容器的内部产生照射体积。对于两种或更多种反应物和任何随后产生的中间体反应物或反应物，上述反应物在任何程度上被离子化的聚集程度被选择性地控制，并且照射体积中的平均离子化程度从部分到通过控制X射线辐射的能量密度和能量来选择性地控制上述被离子化的反应物的那一部分的总和，从而诱导反应物在照射体积中发生选择性反应。一个或多个反应物可以通过含有X射线屏蔽的双壁管道输送，以防止其在注入照射体积之前过早照射。

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