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1. 发明授权

US6144486A Pump wavelength tuning of optical amplifiers and use of same in wavelength division multiplexed systems 失效
标题翻译：泵浦波长调谐光放大器及其在波分复用系统中的应用
公开(公告)号：US6144486A
公开(公告)日：2000-11-07
申请号：US16184
申请日：1998-01-30
申请人： Kevin W. Bennett , Fiona Davis , Richard A. Habel , Paul A. Jakobson , Nigel E. Jolley , Robert W. Keys , Kim Byron Roberts , Mark A. Newhouse , Michael J. Yadlowsky
发明人： Kevin W. Bennett , Fiona Davis , Richard A. Habel , Paul A. Jakobson , Nigel E. Jolley , Robert W. Keys , Kim Byron Roberts , Mark A. Newhouse , Michael J. Yadlowsky
IPC分类号： H01S3/094 , H01S3/13 , H01S3/131 , H01S5/0687 , H01S5/50 , H01S3/00
CPC分类号： H01S3/094003 , H01S5/0687 , H01S2301/04 , H01S3/06754 , H01S3/09415 , H01S3/1301 , H01S5/0617 , H01S5/06804 , H01S5/50
摘要： The variables and parameters previously understood to affect the gain spectrum of an optical amplifier 13 were: (1) the wavelengths to be amplified; (2) the input power levels at those wavelengths; (3) the characteristics of the amplifying medium 20; (4) the insertion loss spectra of the amplifier's components, including any filter(s) used for gain flattening; (5) the pump band chosen to pump the amplifying medium 20; and (6) the total amount of pump power supplied in the chosen pump band. An additional fundamental variable has been identified which can be used to control the gain spectrum of an optical amplifier 13, namely, the center wavelength of the spectrum of the pump's output power within the chosen pump band. Methods and apparatus for using this variable for this purpose are disclosed.For example a, transmission system is disclosed having a transmitter 11 and a receiver 10 connected by an optical fiber 12. A plurality of optical amplifiers 13 are located along the optical fiber 12 to amplify signal channels between the transmitter and receiver. Each of the amplifiers has a pump light source 21, the wavelength of which is such that contributions to differential gain due to pump light wavelength related effects is substantially reduced.Also disclosed is a WDM transmission system having a transmission path including a concatenation of laser diode pumped optical amplifiers 13 wherein the gain spectrum of an amplifier is controlled at least in part by a feedback loop regulating the temperature of its laser diode pump 21. The feedback loop may for instance derive its control signal from a measure of the drive current applied to the pump, of the emission wavelength of the pump, or of the disparity between the power output from the amplifier in one of the multiplexed signal channels and that from at least one other of the channels.
摘要翻译：以前被理解为影响光放大器13的增益谱的变量和参数是：（1）待放大的波长; （2）这些波长的输入功率电平; （3）放大介质20的特性; （4）放大器组件的插入损耗谱，包括用于增益平坦化的任何滤波器; （5）选择泵送放大介质20的泵浦带; 和（6）在所选泵浦带中供应的泵功率的总量。已经确定了可以用于控制光放大器13的增益谱的附加基本变量，即所选择的泵浦波段内的泵的输出功率的频谱的中心波长。公开了用于该目的的该变量的方法和装置。例如，公开了具有由光纤12连接的发射机11和接收机10的传输系统。沿着光纤12定位多个光放大器13以放大发射机和接收机之间的信号信道。每个放大器具有泵浦光源21，其波长使得由于泵浦光波长相关效应而对差分增益的贡献显着降低。还公开了一种WDM传输系统，其具有包括激光二极管泵浦光放大器13的级联的传输路径，其中放大器的增益谱至少部分地通过调节其激光二极管泵21的温度的反馈回路来控制。反馈循环可以例如从施加到泵的驱动电流，泵的发射波长的量度或者在多路复用的信号通道中的放大器输出的功率与从至少另外一个渠道。

2. 发明授权

US6064501A Method of determining optical amplifier failures 失效
标题翻译：确定光放大器故障的方法
公开(公告)号：US6064501A
公开(公告)日：2000-05-16
申请号：US788300
申请日：1997-01-24
申请人： Kim Byron Roberts , Maurice Stephen O'Sullivan , Richard A. Habel , Christopher Brendan Kennedy
发明人： Kim Byron Roberts , Maurice Stephen O'Sullivan , Richard A. Habel , Christopher Brendan Kennedy
IPC分类号： H01S3/10 , H04B10/079 , H04B10/293 , H04B10/08
CPC分类号： H04B10/2912 , H04B10/07955 , H04B10/0797 , H04B10/2931 , H04B10/2971 , H04B2210/08
摘要： The invention is directed to a failure detection system and method for detecting malfunction of an optical amplifier module with one or multiple transmission channels. The failure detection system comprises a unit for measuring a performance parameter of the module; a unit for providing an expected performance parameter; and a comparator unit for receiving the performance parameter and the expected performance parameter and producing an error signal when the performance parameter substantially departs from the expected performance parameter. The system also includes a display/alarm unit for receiving the error signal and accordingly signaling failure of the module. The performance parameter is an output value of the module; a correspondence between an output value and an input value for a transmission channel; a figure of merit (FOM.sup.t=t); a set of gains (g) for all transmission channels; and the dynamic range of the amplifier module.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及一种用于检测具有一个或多个传输信道的光放大器模块的故障的故障检测系统和方法。故障检测系统包括用于测量模块的性能参数的单元; 用于提供预期性能参数的单元; 以及比较器单元，用于在性能参数基本上偏离预期性能参数时接收性能参数和预期性能参数并产生误差信号。该系统还包括一个显示/报警单元，用于接收错误信号并相应地发出模块信号故障。性能参数是模块的输出值; 传输信道的输出值和输入值之间的对应关系; 一个品质因数（FOMt = t）; 所有传输通道的一组增益（g）; 和放大器模块的动态范围。

3. 发明授权

US5959749A Optical add/drop multiplexer/demultiplexer 失效
公开(公告)号：US5959749A
公开(公告)日：1999-09-28
申请号：US81666
申请日：1997-05-20
申请人： David John Danagher , Alan G. Solheim , Maurice S. O'Sullivan , Richard A. Habel , Kim Byron Roberts , Duncan John Forbes , Nigel Baker , Ian Hardcastle , Takis Hadjifotiou , Bipin Patel , Giuseppe Bordogna , James St. Leger Harley
发明人： David John Danagher , Alan G. Solheim , Maurice S. O'Sullivan , Richard A. Habel , Kim Byron Roberts , Duncan John Forbes , Nigel Baker , Ian Hardcastle , Takis Hadjifotiou , Bipin Patel , Giuseppe Bordogna , James St. Leger Harley
IPC分类号： H04J14/02 , H04Q11/00 , H04J14/00
CPC分类号： H04J14/0221 , H04J14/0212 , H04Q11/0005 , H04Q2011/0016 , H04Q2011/0024 , H04Q2011/0039 , H04Q2011/0069
摘要： An add/drop multiplexer/demultiplexer (ADM) for switching, modulating and attenuating optical signals in a fiber optic network employing wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) is disclosed. The ADM is equipped an optical multiplexer for splitting an input WDM signal into individual optical signals, leading to respective 2.times.2 switches. Each switch has another input originating from a plurality of "add lines", and selects one of its inputs to be dropped and the other to continue along a main signal path. The retained signals may be modulated and attenuated prior to being tapped and finally multiplexed together by a WDM multiplexer. The tapped signals are optoelectronically converted and fed back to a controller, preferably a digital signal processor running a software algorithm, which controls the switching, modulation and attenuation. This permits remote control of the ADM functions by encoding instructions for the controller into a low-frequency dither signal that is embedded within the individual optical signals. The ADM can accordingly be instructed to reroute traffic, dynamically equalize or otherwise change optical channel power levels, and add or remove dither, all in real time. A specific optical channel may be reserved for control purposes, allowing a network administrator to "log in" to the ADM to override the controller software algorithm. Optionally, the optical signals can be tapped upon entry to the ADM. A bidirectional ADM can be constructed from two unidirectional ADMs, and may share the same controller. Also, a single, general multi-input multi-output switch can be used to provide an arbitrary mapping between individual input and output optical signals.

4. 发明授权

US06101012A Optical add/drop multiplexer/demultiplexer 有权
标题翻译：光分插复用器/解复用器
公开(公告)号：US06101012A
公开(公告)日：2000-08-08
申请号：US343414
申请日：1999-06-30
申请人： David John Danagher , Alan G. Solheim , Maurice S. O'Sullivan , Richard A. Habel , Kim Byron Roberts , Duncan John Forbes , Nigel Baker , Ian Hardcastle , Takis Hadjifotiou , Bipin Patel , Giuseppe Bordogna , James St. Leger Harley
发明人： David John Danagher , Alan G. Solheim , Maurice S. O'Sullivan , Richard A. Habel , Kim Byron Roberts , Duncan John Forbes , Nigel Baker , Ian Hardcastle , Takis Hadjifotiou , Bipin Patel , Giuseppe Bordogna , James St. Leger Harley
IPC分类号： H04J14/02 , H04Q11/00
CPC分类号： H04J14/0221 , H04J14/0212 , H04Q11/0005 , H04Q2011/0016 , H04Q2011/0024 , H04Q2011/0039 , H04Q2011/0069
摘要： An add/drop multiplexer/demultiplexer (ADM) for switching, modulating and attenuating optical signals in a fiber optic network employing wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) is disclosed. The ADM is equipped an optical multiplexer for splitting an input WDM signal into individual optical signals, leading to respective 2.times.2 switches. Each switch has another input originating from a plurality of "add lines", and selects one of its inputs to be dropped and the other to continue along a main signal path. The retained signals may be modulated and attenuated prior to being tapped and finally multiplexed together by a WDM multiplexer. The tapped signals are optoelectronically converted and fed back to a controller, preferably a digital signal processor running a software algorithm, which controls the switching, modulation and attenuation. This permits remote control of the ADM functions by encoding instructions for the controller into a low-frequency dither signal that is embedded within the individual optical signals. The ADM can accordingly be instructed to reroute traffic, dynamically equalize or otherwise change optical channel power levels, and add or remove dither, all in real time. A specific optical channel may be reserved for control purposes, allowing a network administrator to "log in" to the ADM to override the controller software algorithm. Optionally, the optical signals can be tapped upon entry to the ADM. A bidirectional ADM can be constructed from two unidirectional ADMs, and may share the same controller. Also, a single, general multi-input multi-output switch can be used to provide an arbitrary mapping between individual input and output optical signals.
摘要翻译：公开了一种用于在采用波分复用（WDM）的光纤网络中切换，调制和衰减光信号的分插复用器/解复用器（ADM）。 ADM装备有一个光信号多路复用器，用于将输入的WDM信号分离成各自的光信号，从而产生各自的2x2开关。每个开关具有源自多个“相加线”的另一个输入，并且选择其一个输入被丢弃，另一个输入沿主信号路径继续。保留的信号可以在被抽头之前被调制和衰减，并且最终由WDM多路复用器多路复用在一起。抽头信号被光电转换并反馈到控制器，优选地是运行软件算法的数字信号处理器，其控制开关，调制和衰减。这允许通过将控制器的指令编码成嵌入各个光信号内的低频抖动信号来远程控制ADM功能。因此可以指示ADM重新路由业务，动态均衡或以其他方式改变光信道功率级别，并且实时地添加或去除抖动。可以保留特定的光通道用于控制目的，允许网络管理员“登录”到ADM以覆盖控制器软件算法。可选地，可以在进入ADM时轻拍光信号。双向ADM可以由两个单向ADM构建，并且可以共享相同的控制器。此外，单个一般的多输入多输出开关可用于提供各个输入和输出光信号之间的任意映射。

5. 发明授权

US06522436B2 Multiplexed transmission of optical signals 有权
公开(公告)号：US06522436B2
公开(公告)日：2003-02-18
申请号：US09901516
申请日：2001-07-09
申请人： Kim Byron Roberts , Maurice M O'Sullivan , Alan Robinson , Richard Edward Epworth
发明人： Kim Byron Roberts , Maurice M O'Sullivan , Alan Robinson , Richard Edward Epworth
IPC分类号： H04J1402
CPC分类号： G02B6/12011 , G02B6/12019 , G02B6/12026 , G02B6/12028 , G02B6/12033 , G02B6/2861 , H04J14/02 , H04L1/0041 , H04L1/0057 , H04L1/0061 , H04L1/0064 , H04L1/0071 , H04L1/22 , H04L1/24 , H04L7/0075
摘要： In an optical communication system, a train of optical pulses is transmitted such that each pulse carries a set of multiplexed channels. In a receiver, the error rate for each channel is monitored and a subset of channels having the most favorable rate is selected to carry a first data stream. The remaining channels carry a second data stream. Error rate performance is determined on the basis of error detecting codes carried by the channels in the first and second data streams.

6. 发明授权

US6166850A Optical amplifier gain control 有权
标题翻译：光放大器增益控制
公开(公告)号：US6166850A
公开(公告)日：2000-12-26
申请号：US185932
申请日：1998-11-04
申请人： Kim Byron Roberts , Franz Li Hsien Mok , Richard Achile Habel , Nigel Edward Jolley
发明人： Kim Byron Roberts , Franz Li Hsien Mok , Richard Achile Habel , Nigel Edward Jolley
IPC分类号： H01S3/067 , H01S3/13 , H01S3/00
CPC分类号： H01S3/1301 , H01S3/06754
摘要： In an optical transmission system employing optical amplifiers a method of regulating the gain of such an amplifier uses a non-linear control system whose non-linearity of operation is provided at least in part by the enabling/disabling of a portion of the control system by the operation of a transient magnitude threshold sensor.
摘要翻译：在采用光放大器的光传输系统中，调节这种放大器的增益的方法使用非线性控制系统，其非线性操作至少部分地由控制系统的一部分的使能/禁用提供瞬态幅度阈值传感器的操作。

7. 发明授权

US5801858A Optical transmission systems using optical amplifiers and wavelength division multiplexing 失效
公开(公告)号：US5801858A
公开(公告)日：1998-09-01
申请号：US669929
申请日：1996-06-25
申请人： Kim Byron Roberts , Maurice Stephen O'Sullivan , Gregory Dean May
发明人： Kim Byron Roberts , Maurice Stephen O'Sullivan , Gregory Dean May
IPC分类号： G02B6/293 , H04B3/38 , H04B10/00 , H04B10/16 , H04B10/17 , H04B10/24 , H04J14/00 , H04J14/02
CPC分类号： H04J14/0291 , H04B10/032 , H04B10/2503 , H04B10/2972 , H04J14/0221 , H04J14/0241 , H04J14/0227 , H04J14/0279 , H04J14/0283
摘要： The invention provides a method and system for transmitting very high bit rates over an optical link, using unidirectional and bidirectional WDM technology. The 1550 nm window for optical transmission is spatially separated into two bands, "Red" and "Blue", and the channels in each band are selected so that respective wavelengths present a substantially equal gain tilt. A fiber amplifier designed according to spatial separation and wavelength selection of the invention is disclosed, along with multiple span WDM network topologies.

8. 发明授权

US06268945B1 Stable power control for optical transmission systems 有权
标题翻译：光传输系统的稳定功率控制
公开(公告)号：US06268945B1
公开(公告)日：2001-07-31
申请号：US09458209
申请日：1999-12-09
申请人： Kim Byron Roberts
发明人： Kim Byron Roberts
IPC分类号： H04B1008
CPC分类号： H04B10/505 , H04B10/503 , H04B10/506 , H04B10/564 , H04J14/0221
摘要： In an optical transmission system, an optical signal is transmitted to an optical element which is sensitive to changes in the optical power of the signal. Changes in optical power are anticipated and damped by controlling the transmitter output power, or an external damping element. For WDM systems, wavelengths can be added or removed without causing rapid changes in total power which would otherwise disturb the output of downstream optical amplifiers, and cause bit errors.
摘要翻译：在光传输系统中，光信号被传输到对信号的光功率变化敏感的光学元件。通过控制发射机输出功率或外部阻尼元件，可以预期和抑制光功率的变化。对于WDM系统，可以添加或去除波长，而不会导致总功率的快速变化，否则会干扰下游光放大器的输出，并导致位错误。

9. 发明授权

US06252692B1 Optical fibre transmission systems 失效
标题翻译：光纤传输系统
公开(公告)号：US06252692B1
公开(公告)日：2001-06-26
申请号：US08660565
申请日：1996-06-07
申请人： Kim Byron Roberts
发明人： Kim Byron Roberts
IPC分类号： H04B1018
CPC分类号： H04B10/2513
摘要： An optical transmission system includes means for measuring optical dispersion in the optical path, and a controllable element such as a dispersion compensator, operable in dependence on the measured value of dispersion. A low frequency dither on the optical signal causes timing jitter which varies according to the dispersion in the optical path. The timing jitter is extracted from a clock signal recovered from the optical signal. This jitter is correlated with the original dither to remove jitter effects caused by other mechanisms. Thus a value for dispersion is derived which can be used for monitoring or control purposes.
摘要翻译：光传输系统包括用于测量光路中的光学色散的装置，以及可根据色散的测量值操作的可调节元件，例如色散补偿器。在光信号上的低频抖动导致定时抖动，其根据光路中的色散而变化。从从光信号恢复的时钟信号中提取定时抖动。这种抖动与原始抖动相关，以消除由其他机制引起的抖动效应。因此，导出可用于监视或控制目的的色散值。

10. 发明授权

US6067180A Equalization, pulse shaping and regeneration of optical signals 失效
标题翻译：光信号的均衡，脉冲整形和再生
公开(公告)号：US6067180A
公开(公告)日：2000-05-23
申请号：US892708
申请日：1997-07-15
申请人： Kim Byron Roberts
发明人： Kim Byron Roberts
IPC分类号： H04B10/2513 , H04B10/2557 , H04B10/2569 , H04B10/291 , H04B10/299 , H04B10/04
CPC分类号： H04B10/299 , H04B10/25133 , H04B10/2557 , H04B10/2569 , H04B10/2914
摘要： Data carrying optical signals are subjected to equalization or pulse shaping of the optical signal waveform. A plurality of optical tap signals derived from the optical signal are used to control a modulator operating on an input signal to provide an output signal having the desired waveform. A Mach-Zehnder interferometer having semiconductor optical amplifiers in each arm provides modulation by the effect of cross modulation induced by propagating the respective tap signals through a selected one of the semiconductor optical amplifiers. Various forms of transversal filter are provided by selecting the number of optical taps, assigning positive or negative weights and appropriate delays. The effects of dispersion in optical signals can be mitigated by utilizing optical taps with negative weights to subtract tail portions from the leading and trailing edges of a signal pulse. The invention has application to systems with high bit rates where equalization or pulse shaping in the electrical domain is difficult to implement.
摘要翻译：承载光信号的数据经受光信号波形的均衡或脉冲整形。使用从光信号导出的多个光抽头信号来控制对输入信号进行操作的调制器，以提供具有期望波形的输出信号。具有每个臂中的半导体光放大器的马赫 - 策德尔干涉仪通过通过选择的一个半导体光放大器传播各抽头信号而产生的交叉调制的效果来提供调制。通过选择光学抽头的数量，分配正负权重和适当的延迟来提供各种形式的横向滤波器。可以通过利用具有负权重的光学抽头从信号脉冲的前沿和后沿减去尾部来减轻光信号中色散的影响。本发明适用于具有高比特率的系统，其中电域中的均衡或脉冲整形难以实现。

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