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1. 发明授权

US07380950B1 Hybrid high-bandwidth deformable fast steering mirror 失效
标题翻译：混合高带宽可变形快速转向镜
公开(公告)号：US07380950B1
公开(公告)日：2008-06-03
申请号：US11057199
申请日：2005-02-15
申请人： Kenneth R. Lorell , Stephen R. Winzer , Craig L. Horn , Natarajan Shankar , Robert R. Clappier
发明人： Kenneth R. Lorell , Stephen R. Winzer , Craig L. Horn , Natarajan Shankar , Robert R. Clappier
IPC分类号： G02B5/08
CPC分类号： G02B26/0825
摘要： A high-bandwidth deformable fast steering mirror (“HDFSM”) system, including an electromechanical fast steering mirror (“FSM”) apparatus, and a deformable mirror (“DM”) apparatus mounted on the electromechanical FSM apparatus. The DM apparatus further includes a DM substrate, a backplane assembly, a plurality of electrostrictive actuators in physical communication with and between the DM substrate and the backplane assembly, for deforming the DM substrate, and a plurality of strain gauges, each strain gauge mounted on one of the plurality of electrostrictive actuators, the plurality of strain gauges measuring individual positions of the plurality of electrostrictive actuators and transmitting the positions as actuator position signals. The high-bandwidth deformable FSM also includes a closed-loop control system, the control system controlling the electromechanical FSM apparatus and the DM apparatus based upon a command input and the actuator position signals.
摘要翻译：一种高带宽可变形快速转向镜（“HDFSM”）系统，包括安装在机电式FSM装置上的机电快速转向镜（“FSM”）装置和可变形反射镜（“DM”）装置。 DM设备还包括DM基板，背板组件，与DM基板和背板组件物理连通并且在DM基板和背板组件之间的多个电致伸缩致动器，用于使DM基板变形，以及多个应变计，每个应变计安装在多个电致伸缩致动器中的一个，多个应变计测量多个电致伸缩致动器的各个位置，并将位置作为致动器位置信号传输。高带宽可变形FSM还包括闭环控制系统，控制系统基于命令输入和执行器位置信号控制机电FSM装置和DM装置。

2. 发明授权

US5245830A Adaptive error correction control system for optimizing stirling refrigerator operation 失效
标题翻译：自适应纠错控制系统，用于优化冰箱操作
公开(公告)号：US5245830A
公开(公告)日：1993-09-21
申请号：US892855
申请日：1992-06-03
申请人： Jean-Noel Aubrun , Kenneth R. Lorell , Paul J. Reshatoff , Robert R. Clappier
发明人： Jean-Noel Aubrun , Kenneth R. Lorell , Paul J. Reshatoff , Robert R. Clappier
IPC分类号： F25B9/14 , G05B5/01 , G05B21/02
CPC分类号： G05B21/02 , F25B9/14 , G05B5/01 , F25B2309/001 , F25B2500/13
摘要： An adaptive control includes a digital error correction system (DECS) to reduce control system error to near zero by anticipating a problem and feeding forward in time a correction to deal with the problem before it happens. The adaptive control is used in a controlled system of the kind which is cyclical in operation and which operates in response to repetitive cycle commands so that the operation of the system is substantially predictable for a significant number of cycles of operation. The adaptive control is incorporated in a refrigerator system in which two Stirling cycle refrigerators are mounted in opposition to one another. The adaptive control permits accurate control of the command waveform frequency and shape, enables the refrigerator system to be more thermodynamically efficient, and enables the two refrigerators to exactly cancel each other's vibration.
摘要翻译：一种自适应控制包括一个数字纠错系统（DECS），通过预测问题，将控制系统误差减少到接近于零，并且在发生之前及时向前馈送纠正处理该问题。自适应控制被用于在操作中是周期性的并且响应于重复循环命令而操作的受控系统，使得系统的操作对于大量的操作循环是可以预见的。自适应控制被并入冰箱系统中，其中两个斯特林循环冰箱彼此相对安装。自适应控制允许对指令波形频率和形状的精确控制，使得冰箱系统更具有热力学效能，并且使两个冰箱能够精确地抵消彼此的振动。

3. 发明授权

US4063538A Ignition timing control method and apparatus 失效
标题翻译：点火定时控制方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US4063538A
公开(公告)日：1977-12-20
申请号：US657443
申请日：1976-02-12
申请人： John David Powell , Mont Hubbard , Robert R. Clappier
发明人： John David Powell , Mont Hubbard , Robert R. Clappier
IPC分类号： F02B1/04 , F02P5/145 , F02P5/10 , F02P5/06 , F02P5/08
CPC分类号： F02P5/1455 , F02B1/04 , Y02T10/46
摘要： A method and apparatus for controlling the ignition timing in an internal combustion engine. The angular position of peak cylinder pressure is measured and to the extent such angular position deviates from a preselected set point, the time of spark ignition is advanced or retarded to restore the position of peak cylinder pressure to the set point.
摘要翻译：一种用于控制内燃机中的点火正时的方法和装置。测量峰值气缸压力的角位置，并且在这种角度位置偏离预选设定点的程度上，火花点火的时间提前或延迟，以恢复峰值气缸压力到设定点的位置。

4. 发明授权

US5410412A Gel electrophoresis system 失效
标题翻译：凝胶电泳系统
公开(公告)号：US5410412A
公开(公告)日：1995-04-25
申请号：US178035
申请日：1994-01-06
申请人： Erich A. Gombocz , Robert R. Clappier , Wilhelm Kerth , David H. Rammler , Alex T. Roth
发明人： Erich A. Gombocz , Robert R. Clappier , Wilhelm Kerth , David H. Rammler , Alex T. Roth
IPC分类号： G01N27/447 , G01N21/25
CPC分类号： G01N27/44721 , G01N27/44704 , G01N27/44782
摘要： An electrophoretic system is provided which allows for carrying out electrophoresis while monitoring and regulating the temperature and the electrical field gradient in the gel. In addition, photometric monitoring is provided so as to monitor the progress of the electrophoretic separation and vary conditions to change the progress as desired. A computer is employed which receives the signals from the electrophoretic and photometric apparatuses and regulates temperature and voltage to either maintain conditions, or change the conditions to vary the progress of the electrophoresis. Gel molds are provided for forming the lanes in a gel plate, as well as a light module, for reading the bands present in the gel lanes with the photometer.
摘要翻译：提供了一种电泳系统，其允许进行电泳，同时监测和调节凝胶中的温度和电场梯度。此外，提供光度监测以监测电泳分离的进展并改变条件以根据需要改变进展。使用计算机，其接收来自电泳和光度测量装置的信号并调节温度和电压以维持条件，或改变条件以改变电泳进程。提供凝胶模具用于在凝胶板中形成通道以及光模块，用于通过光度计读取凝胶通道中存在的条带。

5. 发明授权

US5104512A Gel electrophoresis system 失效
标题翻译：凝胶电泳系统
公开(公告)号：US5104512A
公开(公告)日：1992-04-14
申请号：US522325
申请日：1990-05-14
申请人： Erich A. Gombocz , Robert R. Clappier , Wilhem Kerth , David H. Rammler , Alex Roth
发明人： Erich A. Gombocz , Robert R. Clappier , Wilhem Kerth , David H. Rammler , Alex Roth
IPC分类号： G01N27/447
CPC分类号： G01N27/44721 , G01N27/44704 , G01N27/44782
摘要： An electrophoretic system is provided which allows for carrying out electrophoresis while monitoring and regulating the temperature and the electrical field gradient in the gel. In addition, photometric monitoring is provided so as to monitor the progress of the electrophoretic separation and vary conditions to change the progress as desired. A computer is employed which receives the signals from the electrophoretic and photometric apparatuses and regulates temperature and voltage to either maintain conditions, or change the conditions to vary the progress of the electrophoresis. Gel molds are provided for forming the lanes in a gel plate, as well as a light module, for reading the bands present in the gel lanes with the photometer.

6. 发明授权

US5062304A Urine collection monitor with temperature sensing 失效
标题翻译：尿液收集监测与温度感测
公开(公告)号：US5062304A
公开(公告)日：1991-11-05
申请号：US351733
申请日：1989-05-12
申请人： Robert S. Van Buskirk , Robert R. Clappier
发明人： Robert S. Van Buskirk , Robert R. Clappier
IPC分类号： A61B5/20 , G01F1/00 , G01F23/26 , G01N1/00 , G01N1/10 , G01N1/20
CPC分类号： G01N1/10 , A61B5/14507 , A61B5/208 , G01F1/007 , G01F23/263 , G01F23/266 , G01N2001/007 , G01N2001/205
摘要： An apparatus and method for flow and temperature analysis during collection of a urine sample, and for simultaneously maintaining the urine sample sterile. A disposable vessel for collecting the urine is mounted on a commode adapter, and includes a variable capacitor, with a capacitance value which varies with the amount of urine in the vessel. The variable capacitor forms a part of a capacitance bridge. A microprocessor controlled by a clock is used to periodically sample the varying capacitance value as fluid flows into the vessel, and thereby determine the flow rates of the fluid. A tube is provided which communicates with the interior of the vessel for drawing off a sterile sample of the urine for laboratory analysis, and a drain is provided which is operable without contacting the urine. Temperature sensing means are provided for detecting the temperature of the fluid as a function of time, comprising a thermistor or an infrared optical sensor.
摘要翻译：用于在尿液样品收集期间的流量和温度分析的装置和方法，以及用于同时维持尿样无菌的装置和方法。用于收集尿液的一次性容器安装在接头适配器上，并且包括可变电容器，电容值随容器中的尿液量而变化。可变电容器形成电容桥的一部分。由时钟控制的微处理器用于在流体流入容器时定期对变化的电容值进行采样，从而确定流体的流速。提供管，其与容器的内部连通，用于抽取用于实验室分析的尿液的无菌样品，并且提供可在不接触尿液的情况下操作的排水管。提供温度检测装置，用于检测作为时间的函数的流体的温度，包括热敏电阻或红外光学传感器。

7. 发明授权

US5535440A FM receiver anti-fading method and system 失效
标题翻译： FM接收机防褪色方法和系统
公开(公告)号：US5535440A
公开(公告)日：1996-07-09
申请号：US370820
申请日：1995-01-10
申请人： Robert R. Clappier
发明人： Robert R. Clappier
IPC分类号： H04B7/08
CPC分类号： H04B7/082
摘要： Two FM receivers with a common audio output each with its own antenna located six to fifteen feet apart are provided for a moving vehicle together with a switching circuit that in response to the AGC signal sensed at the output of the multiplex adapter of each receiver selects a first receiver if the AGC of that receiver is of greater amplitude than a threshold signal or the amplitude of the AGC signal of the other receiver.
摘要翻译：具有公共音频输出的两个FM接收器具有分开的六到十五英尺的其自己的天线，与移动车辆一起被提供，该开关电路响应于在每个接收机的多路适配器的输出处感测到的AGC信号选择一个第一接收机，如果该接收机的AGC幅度大于阈值信号的幅度或其他接收机的AGC信号的振幅。

8. 发明授权

US4752864A Constant voltage power supply 失效
标题翻译：恒压电源
公开(公告)号：US4752864A
公开(公告)日：1988-06-21
申请号：US42296
申请日：1987-04-24
申请人： Robert R. Clappier
发明人： Robert R. Clappier
IPC分类号： H02M3/135 , H02P13/24
CPC分类号： H02M3/135
摘要： A constant voltage power supply employs a circuit in which the average voltage over a specified period of time is maintained constant by a circuit for charging a voltage storage means with width modulated pulses applied several times during each specified period whereby to charge the storage means above the desired average level and terminating charging until the voltage falls below the specified level. The period of time over which the voltage is averaged is a function of the thermal inertia of a load to be driven. The average voltage is employed as the energizing circuit to a high frequency oscillator, and driver stages supplying the output of the oscillator to an output stage of a power supply whereby the energizing voltage of the stages and thus the dissipation of energy therein does not exceed that required to feed the lead at its then current energy requirements.
摘要翻译：恒压电源采用这样一种电路，其中通过用于对每个指定周期内施加多次宽度调制脉冲的电压存储装置充电的电路将特定时间段内的平均电压保持恒定，从而对存储装置充电期望的平均电平，并终止充电，直到电压低于指定电平。电压平均的时间段是要驱动的负载的热惯性的函数。平均电压用作高频振荡器的激励电路，驱动级将振荡器的输出提供给电源的输出级，由此级的激励电压以及因此的能量耗散不超过需要以当时的能源需求提供铅。

9. 发明授权

US4626767A Constant current r.f. generator 失效
标题翻译：恒流r.f. 发电机
公开(公告)号：US4626767A
公开(公告)日：1986-12-02
申请号：US684730
申请日：1984-12-21
申请人： Robert R. Clappier , Steven J. Smith
发明人： Robert R. Clappier , Steven J. Smith
IPC分类号： H03L5/00 , G05F1/44
CPC分类号： H03L5/00
摘要： The present invention achieves constant voltage at radio frequencies to drive a constant voltage to constant current converter, by employing a tightly coupled d.c. feedback loop to control the voltage via a transformer to the drain of a FET operated as a Class C amplifier in the saturated mode whereby among other advantages, the amplifier can withstand, without damage, very high VSWRs. Control is affected by a high gain differential amplifier which compares a d.c. voltage derived from the r.f. output of the system against a highly stable d.c. voltage reference. A controller, responding to the output of the differential amplifier causes a first level of voltage to be applied to the drain of the FET when the system is not loaded and causes a second voltage varying between said first level and a higher level when the system is loaded. In the lower voltage condition the controller is effectively removed from the system so that it does not have to drop a high voltage to a low voltage; the low voltage being supplied effectively from a separate source.
摘要翻译：本发明通过采用紧密耦合的直流电源，实现恒定电压在无线电频率上驱动恒定电压到恒流转换器。反馈回路，以通过变压器将电压控制到饱和模式下作为C类放大器工作的FET的漏极，由此除其他优点之外，放大器能够承受无损坏的非常高的VSWR。控制受高增益差分放大器的影响，比较直流电压源自r.f. 系统输出高度稳定的直流电压参考。当系统未加载时，响应于差分放大器的输出的控制器使得将第一电平的电压施加到FET的漏极，并且当系统为系统时，使第二电压在所述第一电平和较高电平之间变化加载。在较低电压条件下，控制器有效地从系统中移除，使其不必将高电压降低到低电压; 低电压有效地从单独的电源提供。

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