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1. 发明授权

US5939194A Photocatalytically hydrophilifying and hydrophobifying material 失效
公开(公告)号：US5939194A
公开(公告)日：1999-08-17
申请号：US987670
申请日：1997-12-09
申请人： Kazuhito Hashimoto , Akira Fujishima , Toshiya Watanabe , Mitsuhide Shimohigoshi , Makoto Hayakawa
发明人： Kazuhito Hashimoto , Akira Fujishima , Toshiya Watanabe , Mitsuhide Shimohigoshi , Makoto Hayakawa
IPC分类号： C03C17/245 , C03C17/25 , C09K3/18 , G02B1/10 , B32B9/04
CPC分类号： C03C17/256 , C03C17/2456 , C09K3/18 , G02B1/105 , C03C2217/212 , C03C2217/23 , C03C2217/71 , C03C2218/113 , C03C2218/151 , Y10T428/31504
摘要： A method for highly hydrophilifying the surface of an article by photoexcitation of a semiconductor photocatalyst and maintaining the hydrophilicity is disclosed. A layer containing a photocatalyst is formed on a substrate. Onto the surface of the layer are fixed a hydroxyl group upon photoexcitation of the photocatalyst and a physically adsorbed water molecule in the vicinity of the hydroxyl group upon photoexcitation of the photocatalyst. Thus, the surface is highly hydrophilified. Further, this surface, simultaneously with the hydrophilification, exhibits higher hydrophobicity.

2. 发明授权

US06524664B1 Photocatalytically hydrophilifying and hydrophobifying material 有权
标题翻译：光催化亲水化和疏水化的材料
公开(公告)号：US06524664B1
公开(公告)日：2003-02-25
申请号：US09374347
申请日：1999-08-13
申请人： Kazuhito Hashimoto , Akira Fujishima , Toshiya Watanabe , Mitsuhide Shimohigoshi , Makoto Hayakawa
发明人： Kazuhito Hashimoto , Akira Fujishima , Toshiya Watanabe , Mitsuhide Shimohigoshi , Makoto Hayakawa
IPC分类号： B05D306
CPC分类号： C03C17/256 , C03C17/2456 , C03C2217/212 , C03C2217/23 , C03C2217/71 , C03C2218/113 , C03C2218/151 , C09K3/18 , G02B1/105 , G02B1/18 , Y10T428/31504
摘要： A method for highly hydrophilifying the surface of an article by photoexcitation of a semiconductor photocatalyst and maintaining the hydrophilicity is disclosed. A layer containing a photocatalyst is formed on a substrate. Onto the surface of the layer are fixed a hydroxyl group upon photoexcitation of the photocatalyst and a physically adsorbed water molecule in the vicinity of the hydroxyl group upon photoexcitation of the photocatalyst. Thus, the surface is highly hydrophilified. Further, this surface, simultaneously with the hydrophilification, exhibits higher hydrophobicity.
摘要翻译：公开了通过光激发半导体光催化剂使物品的表面高度亲水化并保持亲水性的方法。在基板上形成含有光催化剂的层。在光催化剂的光激发下，在光催化剂的光激发和羟基附近的物理吸附水分子之间，层的表面固定羟基。因此，表面高度亲水化。此外，该表面与亲水化同时显示更高的疏水性。

3. 发明授权

US6090489A Method for photocatalytically hydrophilifying surface and composite material with photocatalytically hydrophilifiable surface 失效
标题翻译：光催化亲水化表面和复合材料光催化亲水化表面的方法
公开(公告)号：US6090489A
公开(公告)日：2000-07-18
申请号：US91692
申请日：1998-06-19
申请人： Makoto Hayakawa , Eiichi Kojima , Keiichiro Norimoto , Mitsuyoshi Machida , Atsushi Kitamura , Toshiya Watanabe , Makoto Chikuni , Akira Fujishima , Kazuhito Hashimoto
发明人： Makoto Hayakawa , Eiichi Kojima , Keiichiro Norimoto , Mitsuyoshi Machida , Atsushi Kitamura , Toshiya Watanabe , Makoto Chikuni , Akira Fujishima , Kazuhito Hashimoto
IPC分类号： C03C17/23 , C03C17/25 , C09K3/18 , G02B1/10 , B32B9/00 , B05D3/04
CPC分类号： G02B1/105 , C03C17/23 , C03C17/256 , C09K3/18 , C03C2217/212 , C03C2217/229 , C03C2217/71 , C03C2218/113 , C03C2218/32 , Y10T428/31
摘要： A method for hydrophilifying the surface of a substrate by taking advantage of photocatalytic action. The substrate has a photocatalytic titania coating (10). The surface of the photocatalytic coating (10) bears the solid acid that increases a hydrogen bond component (.gamma..sub.S.sup.h) in the surface energy in the solid/gas interface of the coating. Photoexcitation of the photocatalyst enhances the hydrogen bond component (.gamma..sub.S.sup.h) in the surface energy of the photocatalytic coating (10), accelerating the physical adsorption of molecules of water in the atmosphere through a hydrogen bond (16) onto hydrogen atoms in a terminal OH group (12), bonded to a titanium atom, and a bridge OH group (14) on the surface of the coating. This results in the formation of a high density, physically adsorbed water layer (18) on the surface of the photocatalytic coating (10), thus permitting the surface of the substrate to be easily hydrophilified. The method is applicable to antifogging, antifouling, selfcleaning and cleaning of articles.
摘要翻译：利用光催化作用亲水化底物表面的方法。该基底具有光催化二氧化钛涂层（10）。光催化涂层（10）的表面承载增加涂层固体/气体界面中表面能的氢键成分（γSh）的固体酸。光催化剂的光激发增强了光催化涂层（10）的表面能中的氢键成分（γSh），通过氢键（16）加速了大气中的水分子在末端OH中的氢原子的物理吸附与钛原子键合的基团（12）和涂层表面上的桥羟基（14）。这导致在光催化涂层（10）的表面上形成高密度，物理吸附的水层（18），从而允许基底的表面容易亲水化。该方法适用于防雾，防污，自清洁和清洁物品。

4. 发明授权

US07294365B2 Method for photocatalytically rendering a surface of a substrate superhydrophilic, a substrate with superhydrophilic photocatalytic surface, and method of making thereof 有权
标题翻译：光催化降解超亲水性底物表面的方法，具有超亲水性光催化表面的底物及其制备方法
公开(公告)号：US07294365B2
公开(公告)日：2007-11-13
申请号：US10924158
申请日：2004-08-23
申请人： Makoto Hayakawa , Eiichi Kojima , Keiichiro Norimoto , Mitsuyoshi Machida , Atsushi Kitamura , Toshiya Watanabe , Makoto Chikuni , Akira Fujishima , Kazuhito Hashimoto
发明人： Makoto Hayakawa , Eiichi Kojima , Keiichiro Norimoto , Mitsuyoshi Machida , Atsushi Kitamura , Toshiya Watanabe , Makoto Chikuni , Akira Fujishima , Kazuhito Hashimoto
IPC分类号： B05D5/04 , B05D3/06 , B08B3/10
CPC分类号： C09K3/18 , C03C17/23 , C03C17/2456 , C03C17/256 , C03C2217/212 , C03C2217/229 , C03C2217/23 , C03C2217/71 , C03C2218/113 , C03C2218/151 , C03C2218/32 , G02B1/105 , G02B1/18
摘要： A method of preventing or reducing fogging of a surface of a composite when subjected to humid conditions includes providing a composite with a surface. The composite includes a substrate and a photocatalytic surface layer. The photocatalytic surface layer includes a photocatalyst. The method further includes subjecting the photocatalyst to photoexcitation to render the surface of the composite hydrophilic, wherein, after the photoexcitation, the surface of the composite has a water wettability of less than 10° in terms of the contact angle with water. The method further includes subjecting the composite to humidity that is sufficient to induce fogging of the substrate if the photocatalytic surface layer were absent.
摘要翻译：当经受潮湿条件时，防止或减少复合材料表面起雾的方法包括提供具有表面的复合材料。复合材料包括基底和光催化表面层。光催化表面层包括光催化剂。该方法还包括使光催化剂进行光激发以使复合材料的表面具有亲水性，其中，在光激发后，复合材料的表面以与水的接触角为基准的水润湿性小于10°。该方法还包括如果不存在光催化表面层，则使复合物经受足以引起底物起雾的湿度。

5. 发明授权

US6013372A Method for photocatalytically rendering a surface of a substrate superhydrophilic, a substrate with superhydrophilic photocatalytic surface, and method of making thereof 失效
标题翻译：光催化降解超亲水性底物表面的方法，具有超亲水性光催化表面的底物及其制备方法
公开(公告)号：US6013372A
公开(公告)日：2000-01-11
申请号：US933886
申请日：1997-09-19
申请人： Makoto Hayakawa , Eiichi Kojima , Keiichiro Norimoto , Mitsuyoshi Machida , Atsushi Kitamura , Toshiya Watanabe , Makoto Chikuni , Akira Fujishima , Kazuhito Hashimoto
发明人： Makoto Hayakawa , Eiichi Kojima , Keiichiro Norimoto , Mitsuyoshi Machida , Atsushi Kitamura , Toshiya Watanabe , Makoto Chikuni , Akira Fujishima , Kazuhito Hashimoto
IPC分类号： C03C17/25 , A47G1/00 , A61C19/00 , A61F9/02 , A61L2/02 , A61L2/16 , B01J19/00 , B01J19/12 , B01J21/06 , B01J21/08 , B01J23/14 , B01J23/42 , B01J35/02 , B01J37/04 , B01J37/08 , B05D5/00 , B08B3/04 , B08B3/08 , B08B17/02 , B32B9/00 , B32B27/20 , B60J1/00 , C03C17/00 , C03C17/23 , C03C17/245 , C03C17/32 , C03C17/34 , C03C17/36 , C04B41/50 , C04B41/85 , C08J7/04 , C09D1/00 , C09D5/00 , C09D5/16 , C09D183/00 , C09D183/04 , C09K3/00 , C09K3/18 , C23C14/08 , E06B7/12 , F21V3/04 , F21V15/00 , F28F13/04 , F28F13/18 , G02B1/10 , G02B1/18 , G02B5/08 , G02C7/02 , B32B9/04
CPC分类号： F28F13/18 , C03C17/23 , C03C17/256 , C09K3/18 , G02B1/105 , C03C2217/212 , C03C2217/229 , C03C2217/71 , C03C2218/113 , C03C2218/32 , F28F2245/02 , Y10T428/31504
摘要： The surface of a substrate is coated with an abrasion-resistant photocatalytic coating comprised of a semiconductor photocatalyst. Upon irradiation by a light having a wavelength of an energy higher than the bandgap energy of the photocatalyst, water is chemisorbed onto the surface in the form of hydroxyl groups (OH.sup.--) whereby the surface of the photocatalytic coating is rendered highly hydrophilic. In certain embodiments, the surface of a mirror, lens, or windowpane is coated with the photocatalytic coating to exhibit a high degree of antifogging function. In another embodiment, an article or product coated with the photocatalytic coating is disposed outdoors and the highly hydrophilic surface thereof is self-cleaned as it is subjected to rainfall. In a still another embodiment, an article is coated with the photocatalytic coating and, when the article is soaked in, rinsed by or wetted with water, fatty dirt and contaminants are readily released without resort to a detergent.
摘要翻译：用由半导体光催化剂组成的耐磨光催化涂层涂覆基材表面。在具有比光催化剂的带隙能量高的能量的光照射的情况下，水以羟基（OH-）的形式被化学吸附到表面上，由此光催化涂层的表面变得高度亲水。在某些实施例中，镜子，透镜或窗玻璃的表面涂覆有光催化涂层以显示高度的防雾功能。在另一个实施方案中，涂覆有光催化涂层的制品或产品设置在室外，并且其高亲水性表面在遭受降雨时自我清洁。在另一个实施方案中，用光催化涂层涂覆制品，并且当制品被浸泡，用水漂洗或用水润湿时，脂肪污垢和污染物容易释放，而不用洗涤剂。

6. 发明申请

US20050019700A1 Method for photocatalytically rendering a surface of a substrate superhydrophilic, a substrate with superhydrophilic photocatalytic surface, and method of making thereof 有权
标题翻译：光催化降解超亲水性底物表面的方法，具有超亲水性光催化表面的底物及其制备方法
公开(公告)号：US20050019700A1
公开(公告)日：2005-01-27
申请号：US10924158
申请日：2004-08-23
申请人： Makoto Hayakawa , Eiichi Kojima , Keiichiro Norimoto , Mitsuyoshi Machida , Atsushi Kitamura , Toshiya Watanabe , Makoto Chikuni , Akira Fujishima , Kazuhito Hashimoto
发明人： Makoto Hayakawa , Eiichi Kojima , Keiichiro Norimoto , Mitsuyoshi Machida , Atsushi Kitamura , Toshiya Watanabe , Makoto Chikuni , Akira Fujishima , Kazuhito Hashimoto
IPC分类号： C03C17/23 , C03C17/245 , C03C17/25 , C09K3/18 , G02B1/10 , G03C5/18
CPC分类号： C09K3/18 , C03C17/23 , C03C17/2456 , C03C17/256 , C03C2217/212 , C03C2217/229 , C03C2217/23 , C03C2217/71 , C03C2218/113 , C03C2218/151 , C03C2218/32 , G02B1/105 , G02B1/18
摘要： A method of preventing or reducing fogging of a surface of a composite when subjected to humid conditions includes providing a composite with a surface. The composite includes a substrate and a photocatalytic surface layer. The photocatalytic surface layer includes a photocatalyst. The method further includes subjecting the photocatalyst to photoexcitation to render the surface of the composite hydrophilic, wherein, after the photoexcitation, the surface of the composite has a water wettability of less than 10° in terms of the contact angle with water. The method further includes subjecting the composite to humidity that is sufficient to induce fogging of the substrate if the photocatalytic surface layer were absent.
摘要翻译：当经受潮湿条件时，防止或减少复合材料表面起雾的方法包括提供具有表面的复合材料。复合材料包括基底和光催化表面层。光催化表面层包括光催化剂。该方法还包括使光催化剂进行光激发以使复合材料的表面具有亲水性，其中，在光激发后，复合材料的表面以与水的接触角为基准的水润湿性小于10°。该方法还包括如果不存在光催化表面层，则使复合物经受足以引起底物起雾的湿度。

7. 发明授权

US06830785B1 Method for photocatalytically rendering a surface of a substrate superhydrophilic, a substrate with a superhydrophilic photocatalytic surface, and method of making thereof 失效
标题翻译：光催化降解超亲水性底物表面的方法，具有超亲水性光催化表面的底物及其制备方法
公开(公告)号：US06830785B1
公开(公告)日：2004-12-14
申请号：US09374344
申请日：1999-08-13
申请人： Makoto Hayakawa , Eiichi Kojima , Keiichiro Norimoto , Mitsuyoshi Machida , Atsushi Kitamura , Toshiya Watanabe , Makoto Chikuni , Akira Fujishima , Kazuhito Hashimoto
发明人： Makoto Hayakawa , Eiichi Kojima , Keiichiro Norimoto , Mitsuyoshi Machida , Atsushi Kitamura , Toshiya Watanabe , Makoto Chikuni , Akira Fujishima , Kazuhito Hashimoto
IPC分类号： B05D306
CPC分类号： C09K3/18 , C03C17/23 , C03C17/2456 , C03C17/256 , C03C2217/212 , C03C2217/229 , C03C2217/23 , C03C2217/71 , C03C2218/113 , C03C2218/151 , C03C2218/32 , G02B1/105 , G02B1/18
摘要： The surface of a substrate is coated with an abrasion-resistant photocatalytic coating comprised of a semiconductor photocatalyst. upon irradiation by a light having a wavelength of an energy higher than the bandgap energy of the photocatalyst, water is chemisorbed onto the surface in the form of hydroxyl groups (OH−) whereby the surface of the photocatalytic coating is rendered highly hydrophilic. In certain embodiments, the surface of a mirror, lens, or windowpane is coated with the photocatalytic coating to exhibit a high degree of antifogging function. In another embodiment, an article or product coated with the photocatalytic coating is disposed outdoors and the highly hydrophilic surface thereof is self-cleaned as it is subjected to rainfall. In a still another embodiment, an article is coated with the photocatalytic coating and, when the article is soaked in, rinsed by or wetted with water, fatty dirt and contaminants are readily released without resort to a detergent.
摘要翻译：用由半导体光催化剂组成的耐磨光催化涂层涂覆基材表面。通过具有比光催化剂的带隙能量高的能量的光照射，水以羟基（OH - ）的形式被化学吸附到表面上，由此光催化涂层的表面变得高度亲水。在某些实施例中，镜子，透镜或窗玻璃的表面涂覆有光催化涂层以显示高度的防雾功能。在另一个实施方案中，涂覆有光催化涂层的制品或产品设置在室外，并且其高亲水性表面在遭受降雨时自我清洁。在另一个实施方案中，用光催化涂层涂覆制品，并且当制品被浸泡，用水漂洗或用水润湿时，脂肪污垢和污染物容易释放，而不用洗涤剂。

8. 发明授权

US06294246B1 Multi-functional material with photocatalytic functions and method of manufacturing same 有权
标题翻译：具有光催化功能的多功能材料及其制造方法
公开(公告)号：US06294246B1
公开(公告)日：2001-09-25
申请号：US09167325
申请日：1998-10-07
申请人： Toshiya Watanabe , Eiichi Kojima , Keiichiro Norimoto , Tamon Kimura , Mitsuyoshi Machida , Makoto Hayakawa , Atsushi Kitamura , Makoto Chikuni , Yoshimitsu Saeki , Tatsuhiko Kuga , Yasushi Nakashima
发明人： Toshiya Watanabe , Eiichi Kojima , Keiichiro Norimoto , Tamon Kimura , Mitsuyoshi Machida , Makoto Hayakawa , Atsushi Kitamura , Makoto Chikuni , Yoshimitsu Saeki , Tatsuhiko Kuga , Yasushi Nakashima
IPC分类号： B32B326
CPC分类号： B01J21/063 , B01J35/002 , B01J35/004 , B01J37/0215 , C03C17/007 , C03C17/3411 , C03C2217/42 , C03C2217/425 , C03C2217/475 , C03C2217/477 , C03C2217/71 , C04B41/009 , C04B41/4562 , C04B41/52 , C04B41/81 , C04B41/89 , Y10S430/148 , Y10T428/24909 , Y10T428/24997 , Y10T428/249974 , Y10T428/249982 , Y10T428/249985 , C04B41/4554 , C04B41/4537 , C04B41/51 , C04B41/4539 , C04B41/5022 , C04B41/5041 , C04B41/4535 , C04B41/505 , C04B41/0045 , C04B41/455 , C04B41/5111 , C04B33/00 , C04B35/10
摘要： Multi-functional materials which have a photocatalytic layer with a photocatalytic function disposed on the surface of a base through a binder layer 6 interposed therebetween. Photocatalytic particles of the photocatalytic layer are joined together by a surface energy or solid-state sintering. The photocatalytic layer may have a structure in which fine particles fill interstices defined between photocatalytic particles or a structure in which no fine particles fill interstices defined between photocatalytic particles. A metal such as Ag, Pt, or the like may be fixed or not fixed to surfaces of the photocatalytic particles.
摘要翻译：具有光催化功能的光催化层的多功能材料通过粘合剂层设置在基材的表面上。通过表面能或固态烧结将光催化层的光催化颗粒连接在一起。光催化层可以具有这样的结构，其中细颗粒填充限定在光催化颗粒之间的间隙或其中没有细颗粒填充在光催化颗粒之间限定的间隙的结构。诸如Ag，Pt等的金属可以固定或不固定到光催化颗粒的表面。

9. 发明授权

US06337129B1 Antifouling member and antifouling coating composition 有权
公开(公告)号：US06337129B1
公开(公告)日：2002-01-08
申请号：US09201499
申请日：1998-11-30
申请人： Toshiya Watanabe , Makoto Hayakawa , Mitsuyoshi Machida
发明人： Toshiya Watanabe , Makoto Hayakawa , Mitsuyoshi Machida
IPC分类号： B32B516
CPC分类号： F28F19/04 , B01J35/002 , B01J35/004 , B01J37/0215 , C08K3/22 , C09D7/00 , C09D7/61 , C09D183/04 , F28F2245/02 , F28F2245/04 , Y10T428/256 , Y10T428/259 , Y10T428/3154 , Y10T428/31551 , Y10T428/31663 , Y10T428/31786 , Y10T428/31935 , C08L2666/04 , C08L2666/54
摘要： Disclosed is a member having an antifouling surface on which the so-called “stains,” such as deposits and contaminants, are less likely to be deposited. The surface of the member has both a hydrophobic portion, and a hydrophilic portion induced by a photocatalyst, the hydrophobic portion and the hydrophilic portion being present in a microscopically dispersed and exposed state on the surface. More specifically, according to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a member comprising: a substrate; and a surface layer provided on the substrate, the surface layer comprising a photocatalytic oxide, a silicone resin or silica, and a water-repellent fluororesin, the silicone or silica and the water-repellent fluororesin being present in a microscopically dispersed and exposed state on the outermost surface of the surface layer. According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a member comprising: a substrate; and a surface layer provided on the substrate, the surface layer comprising a hydrophobic resin and a photocatalytic oxide, the hydrophobic resin and the photocatalytic oxide being present in a microscopically dispersed and exposed state on the outermost surface of the surface layer, the photocatalytic oxide being self-hydrophilified or functioning to hydrophilify the photocatalytic oxide still remaining unhydrophilified present around the photocatalytic oxide by photocatalytic action created in response to photoexcitation. In this surface where the hydrophobic portion and the hydrophilic portion are present adjacent to each other, a hydrophilic deposit having affinity for the hydrophilic portion does not have affinity for the adjacent water-repellent portion. On the other hand, a hydrophobic deposit having affinity for the hydrophobic portion does not have affinity for the adjacent hydrophilic portion. Therefore, both the hydrophilic deposit and the hydrophobic deposit cannot be deposited on the surface of the member, and, even when deposited on the surface of the member, are unstable and hence are easily removed, permitting the surface of the member to be kept clean.

10. 发明授权

US06210779B1 Multi-functional material with photocatalytic functions and method of manufacturing same 有权
标题翻译：具有光催化功能的多功能材料及其制造方法
公开(公告)号：US06210779B1
公开(公告)日：2001-04-03
申请号：US09167326
申请日：1998-10-07
申请人： Toshiya Watanabe , Eiichi Kojima , Keiichiro Norimoto , Tamon Kimura , Mitsuyoshi Machida , Makoto Hayakawa , Atsushi Kitamura , Makoto Chikuni , Yoshimitsu Saeki , Tatsuhiko Kuga , Yasushi Nakashima
发明人： Toshiya Watanabe , Eiichi Kojima , Keiichiro Norimoto , Tamon Kimura , Mitsuyoshi Machida , Makoto Hayakawa , Atsushi Kitamura , Makoto Chikuni , Yoshimitsu Saeki , Tatsuhiko Kuga , Yasushi Nakashima
IPC分类号： B01J3502
CPC分类号： B01J21/063 , B01J35/002 , B01J35/004 , B01J37/0215 , C03C17/007 , C03C17/3411 , C03C2217/42 , C03C2217/425 , C03C2217/475 , C03C2217/477 , C03C2217/71 , C04B41/009 , C04B41/4562 , C04B41/52 , C04B41/81 , C04B41/89 , Y10S430/148 , Y10T428/24909 , Y10T428/24997 , Y10T428/249974 , Y10T428/249982 , Y10T428/249985 , C04B41/4554 , C04B41/4537 , C04B41/51 , C04B41/4539 , C04B41/5022 , C04B41/5041 , C04B41/4535 , C04B41/505 , C04B41/0045 , C04B41/455 , C04B41/5111 , C04B33/00 , C04B35/10
摘要： Multi-functional materials which have a photocatalytic layer with a photocatalytic function disposed on the surface of a base through an amorphous binder layer 6 interposed therebetween. Photocatalytic particles of the photocatalytic layer are joined together by a surface energy or solid-state sintering. The photocatalytic layer may have a structure in which fine particles fill interstices defined between photocatalytic particles or a structure in which no fine particles fill interstices defined between photocatalytic particles. A metal such as Ag, Pt, or the like may be fixed or not fixed to surfaces of the photocatalytic particles. A lower layer of the photocatalytic layer is embedded in the binder layer such that an intermediate layer is formed between the binder layer and the photocatalytic layer, the intermediate layer including components of the binder and photocatalytic layers in varying concentrations therethrough.
摘要翻译：具有光催化功能的光催化层的多功能材料通过介于其间的无定形粘合剂层6设置在基材的表面上。通过表面能或固态烧结将光催化层的光催化颗粒连接在一起。光催化层可以具有这样的结构，其中细颗粒填充限定在光催化颗粒之间的间隙或其中没有细颗粒填充在光催化颗粒之间限定的间隙的结构。诸如Ag，Pt等的金属可以固定或不固定到光催化颗粒的表面。光催化层的下层嵌入粘合剂层中，使得在粘合剂层和光催化层之间形成中间层，中间层包括粘合剂的组分和通过其的不同浓度的光催化层。

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