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1. 发明授权

US4551208A Recovery of formic acid by distillation 失效
标题翻译：通过蒸馏回收甲酸
公开(公告)号：US4551208A
公开(公告)日：1985-11-05
申请号：US614280
申请日：1984-05-25
申请人： Kaspar Bott , Gerd Kaibel , Horst Hartmann , Rudolf Irnich , Horst Buelow
发明人： Kaspar Bott , Gerd Kaibel , Horst Hartmann , Rudolf Irnich , Horst Buelow
IPC分类号： C07C53/02 , C07C51/00 , C07C51/44 , C07C67/00 , B01D3/34
CPC分类号： C07C51/44
摘要： Formic acid is recovered, by distillation, from its mixtures with solvents of the general formula I ##STR1## where R.sup.1 is hydrogen, methyl, ethyl or vinyl and R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are each alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl or aralkyl, or R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 together form a 1,4- or 1,5-alkylene group, in each case of not more than 8 carbon atoms, with the provisos that the sum of the number of carbon atoms in R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 is 7 to 14 and that only one of these radicals is aryl, by a method in which the distillation is carried out in the presence of a carboxamide II which is selected from the group consisting of formamide, acetamide, propionamide and the same compounds substituted by N-methyl or N,N-dimethyl, and which has a boiling point lower than that of the solvent I.
摘要翻译：通过蒸馏从其与通式I的溶剂的混合物回收甲酸，其中R1是氢，甲基，乙基或乙烯基，R2和R3各自是烷基，环烷基，芳基或芳烷基，或R2和R3 一起形成1,4-或1,5-亚烷基，每种情况下不超过8个碳原子，条件是R2和R3中碳原子数之和为7〜14，只有一个这些基团是芳基，其中蒸馏在选自甲酰胺，乙酰胺，丙酰胺和与N-甲基或N，N-二甲基甲酰胺取代的相同化合物的羧酰胺II存在下进行，二甲基，其沸点低于溶剂I.

2. 发明授权

US4659866A Continuous preparation of furmamide 失效
标题翻译：连续制备呋喃胺
公开(公告)号：US4659866A
公开(公告)日：1987-04-21
申请号：US347578
申请日：1982-02-10
申请人： Kaspar Bott , Gerd Kaibel , Herwig Hoffmann , Rudolf Irnich , Otto Kratzer
发明人： Kaspar Bott , Gerd Kaibel , Herwig Hoffmann , Rudolf Irnich , Otto Kratzer
IPC分类号： C07C231/02 , C07C20060101 , C07C67/00 , C07C231/00 , C07C233/03 , C07C102/06
CPC分类号： C07C231/02
摘要： Formamide is prepared continuously from methyl formate and ammonia, pure methanol being recovered, by a process wherein(a) the reaction of methyl formate and ammonia is carried out predominantly in the liquid phase in the upper region of a reaction column R having a total of from 15 to 30 theoretical plates,(b) the methanol formed in this reaction is removed, together with small amounts of formamide, from the column or the evaporator in vaporus form at the level of plates 1-5 (counted from the bottom),(c) the formamide is removed from this methanol/formamide mixture, together with small amounts of methanol, in a distillation column D1 and recycled to R, and(d) the small amounts of methanol contained in the bottom product from R, which substantially consists of formamide and in this column should be at from 110.degree. to 130.degree. C., are separated off in a distillation column D2.
摘要翻译：甲酸甲酯由甲酸甲酯和氨，回收的纯甲醇连续制备，其中（a）甲酸甲酯和氨的反应主要在反应塔R的上部区域的液相中进行，其总共具有从15到30个理论塔板，（b）将该反应中形成的甲醇与少量甲酰胺一起从塔或蒸发器以蒸汽形式在板1-5的水平（从底部计数）中除去，（c）将甲酰胺与蒸馏塔D1中的少量甲醇一起从该甲醇/甲酰胺混合物中除去并再循环至R，和（d）从R中的底部产物中含有的少量甲醇，其基本上由甲酰胺组成，该柱应在110℃至130℃，在蒸馏塔D2中分离。

3. 发明授权

US4370491A Continuous preparation of acetic acid esters 失效
标题翻译：连续制备乙酸酯
公开(公告)号：US4370491A
公开(公告)日：1983-01-25
申请号：US263470
申请日：1981-05-14
申请人： Kaspar Bott , Gerd Kaibel , Herwig Hoffmann , Rudolf Irnich , Eberhard Schaefer
发明人： Kaspar Bott , Gerd Kaibel , Herwig Hoffmann , Rudolf Irnich , Eberhard Schaefer
IPC分类号： C07C67/03 , B01D3/36 , C07C67/02 , C07C69/14 , C07C67/06
CPC分类号： C07C67/03 , Y10S203/06
摘要： A process for the preparation of acetic acid esters CH.sub.3 --CO--O--R.sup.1 (I, R.sup.1 =an organic radical other than methyl and ethyl) by alkali-catalyzed trans-esterification of an acetic acid ester CH.sub.3 --CO--O--R.sup.2 (II, R.sup.2 =methyl or ethyl) with an alcohol R.sup.1 --OH (III), accompanied by elimination of the alcohol R.sup.2 --OH (IV), wherein(a) the trans-esterification reaction is carried out in the middle section K.sub.M of a distillation column K, the alcohol III being fed as liquid into the upper zone and the ester II into the lower zone of K.sub.M,(b) the alkaline catalyst is introduced into the upper part K.sub.U of K,(c) the alcohol IV, or a mixture of IV and the ester II, is taken off the top of the column,(d) the mixture obtained from (c) (unless the alcohol IV alone is obtained) is separated in the column section K.sub.U or in a stripper column K.sub.S into IV and the azeotrope of II and IV, and the latter is recycled to the lower zone of K.sub.M,(e) the ester I is taken as vapor or liquid from the lower zone of the lower section K.sub.L of K and(f) the catalyst is either removed, or recycled to K.sub.U, in a conventional manner.
摘要翻译：通过乙酸酯CH3-CO-O-R2的碱催化反式酯化制备乙酸酯CH 3 -CO-O-R 1（I，R 1 =甲基和乙基以外的有机基）的方法 II，R 2 =甲基或乙基）与醇R 1 -OH（III）反应，同时除去醇R 2 -OH（Ⅳ），其中（a）酯交换反应在蒸馏塔K，醇III作为液体进料到上部区域，酯II进入KM的下部区域，（b）将碱性催化剂引入K的上部KU，（c）醇IV，或将IV和酯II的混合物从柱顶部取出，（d）从（c）获得的混合物（除非单独获得醇IV）在柱部分KU或汽提塔KS中分离进入IV和II和IV的共沸物，后者再循环到KM的下部区域，（e）将酯I作为蒸汽或液体从下部KL的下部区域中取出的K和（f）催化剂以常规方式被去除或再循环至KU。

4. 发明授权

US4262140A Production of anhydrous or substantially anhydrous formic acid 失效
标题翻译：生产无水或基本无水的甲酸
公开(公告)号：US4262140A
公开(公告)日：1981-04-14
申请号：US99760
申请日：1979-12-03
申请人： Kaspar Bott , Gerd Kaibel , Herwig Hoffmann , Otto Kratzer , Rudolf Irnich
发明人： Kaspar Bott , Gerd Kaibel , Herwig Hoffmann , Otto Kratzer , Rudolf Irnich
IPC分类号： C07C53/02 , C07C51/00 , C07C51/09 , C07C51/44 , C07C51/48 , C07C67/00 , B01D3/34
CPC分类号： C07C51/44 , C07C51/09 , C07C51/48
摘要： A process for the production of anhydrous or substantially anhydrous formic acid by hydrolysis of methyl formate which is carried out in a column having an upper fractionating section, a middle hydrolysis section and a lower extraction section and in which(a) the hydrolysis is carried out in the middle section of the columm, with water and methyl formate in countercurrent,(b) the resulting formic acid is extracted, in the lower section of the column, by means of a carboxylic acid amide which is fed into the lower end of the middle section of the column,(c) the extract phase, consisting in the main of formic acid and the carboxylic acid amide, is distillatively dehydrated, or substantially dehydrated, in the lower section of the column,(d) the methanol and uncovered methyl formate are removed by fractional distillation in the upper section of the column and(e) the pure formic acid or concentrated aqueous formic acid is distilled from the anhydrous or substantially anhydrous extract phase in a second column, leaving the carboxylic acid amide.
摘要翻译：一种通过水解甲酸甲酯生产无水或基本上无水的甲酸的方法，该甲酸甲酯在具有上部分馏段，中间水解段和下部萃取段的塔中进行，其中（a）进行水解在水的中间部分，与水和甲酸甲酯逆流，（b）所得甲酸在柱的下部通过羧酸酰胺萃取，该羧酸酰胺进料到塔的中间部分，（c）主要由甲酸和羧酸酰胺组成的提取相在塔的下部进行蒸馏脱水或基本上脱水，（d）甲醇和未被覆盖的甲基甲酸盐在塔的上部通过分馏除去，（e）从无水或基本上无水的提取物中蒸馏出纯甲酸或浓缩的甲酸水溶液相在第二塔中，留下羧酸酰胺。

5. 发明授权

US4162200A Preparation of pure dimethyl carbonate 失效
标题翻译：纯碳酸二甲酯的制备
公开(公告)号：US4162200A
公开(公告)日：1979-07-24
申请号：US871547
申请日：1978-01-23
申请人： Walter Himmele , Karl Fischer , Gerd Kaibel , Kurt Schneider , Rudolf Irnich
发明人： Walter Himmele , Karl Fischer , Gerd Kaibel , Kurt Schneider , Rudolf Irnich
IPC分类号： B01D3/40 , C07C68/06 , C07C68/08 , C07C69/00 , C07C69/96
CPC分类号： C07C68/065 , C07C68/08
摘要： Dimethyl carbonate is obtained pure, from its solutions in methanol, by extractive distillation carried out with a temperature of from 60.degree. C. at the top to 250.degree. C. at the bottom of the column and employing, as the extractant, an aprotic organic liquid which is substantially inert toward dimethyl carbonate, boils at above 100.degree. C. at standard pressure, is miscible with dimethyl carbonate in all proportions and has a dielectric constant .epsilon. of from 4 to 90 and a dipole moment .mu. of from 1.5 to 5 Debye.
摘要翻译：碳酸二甲酯从其甲醇溶液中通过萃取蒸馏得到，温度为60℃，塔顶至250℃，采用萃取剂为非质子有机物对碳酸二甲酯基本上是惰性的液体在标准压力下在高于100℃下沸腾，与所有比例的碳酸二甲酯混溶，并且介电常数ε为4-90，偶极矩μ为1.5至5德拜。

6. 发明授权

US4330305A Removal of CO.sub.2 and/or H.sub.2 S from gases 失效
标题翻译：从气体中去除二氧化碳和/或硫化氢
公开(公告)号：US4330305A
公开(公告)日：1982-05-18
申请号：US912355
申请日：1978-06-05
申请人： Klaus Kuessner , Rudolf Irnich , Hans-Georg Scharpenberg , Klaus Volkamer
发明人： Klaus Kuessner , Rudolf Irnich , Hans-Georg Scharpenberg , Klaus Volkamer
IPC分类号： B01D53/14 , C07C7/11
CPC分类号： B01D53/1493 , C07C7/11 , Y02C10/06 , Y02P20/152
摘要： Acid constituents, eg. H.sub.2 S and CO.sub.2 or their mixtures, are removed from industrial gases or natural gases by means of a washing agent which contains the methyl isopropyl ethers of polyethylene glycols. The washing can be carried out with simultaneous drying of the gas, especially in the case of natural gases, since the anhydrous ethers are able to absorb water.
摘要翻译：酸成分，例如 H2S和CO2或它们的混合物通过含有聚乙二醇的甲基异丙基醚的洗涤剂从工业气体或天然气中除去。洗涤可以同时干燥气体，特别是在天然气的情况下进行，因为无水醚能够吸收水分。

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