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1. 发明授权

US07981156B2 Bone grafts 有权
标题翻译：骨移植
公开(公告)号：US07981156B2
公开(公告)日：2011-07-19
申请号：US10781058
申请日：2004-02-18
申请人： John Pafford , Lawrence M. Boyd , William F. McKay , Eddie F. Ray, III , James E. Van Hoeck
发明人： John Pafford , Lawrence M. Boyd , William F. McKay , Eddie F. Ray, III , James E. Van Hoeck
IPC分类号： A61F2/44 , A61F2/28
CPC分类号： A61F2/30767 , A61B17/1671 , A61B17/1757 , A61B2017/0256 , A61B2090/034 , A61F2/28 , A61F2/30724 , A61F2/442 , A61F2/4455 , A61F2/446 , A61F2/447 , A61F2/4611 , A61F2/468 , A61F2002/2817 , A61F2002/2835 , A61F2002/2839 , A61F2002/30004 , A61F2002/30057 , A61F2002/30062 , A61F2002/30075 , A61F2002/30112 , A61F2002/30136 , A61F2002/30153 , A61F2002/30187 , A61F2002/30224 , A61F2002/30235 , A61F2002/30261 , A61F2002/30271 , A61F2002/30677 , A61F2002/30772 , A61F2002/30774 , A61F2002/30787 , A61F2002/30797 , A61F2002/30813 , A61F2002/30836 , A61F2002/30841 , A61F2002/30848 , A61F2002/3085 , A61F2002/30866 , A61F2002/30879 , A61F2002/30892 , A61F2002/30904 , A61F2002/3092 , A61F2002/30929 , A61F2002/4475 , A61F2002/448 , A61F2002/4623 , A61F2002/4627 , A61F2002/4628 , A61F2002/4649 , A61F2210/0004 , A61F2210/0061 , A61F2230/0004 , A61F2230/0019 , A61F2230/0034 , A61F2230/0069 , A61F2230/0082 , A61F2250/0014 , A61F2310/00161 , A61F2310/00293 , A61F2310/00365 , A61F2310/00491 , A61F2310/00544 , A61F2310/00796 , A61L27/10 , A61L27/12 , A61L27/16 , A61L27/18 , A61L27/24 , A61L27/54 , A61L31/024 , A61L31/026 , A61L31/044 , A61L31/047 , A61L31/048 , A61L31/06 , A61L2300/252 , A61L2300/414 , A61L2300/802 , A61L2430/38 , Y10S606/907 , Y10S606/908 , Y10S606/909 , Y10S606/91 , A61L27/227
摘要： Spinal spacers 20 are provided for fusion of a motion segment. The spacers include a load bearing member 21 having a wall 22 sized for engagement within a space between adjacent vertebrae to maintain the space and an effective amount of an osteogenic composition to stimulate osteoinduction. The osteogenic composition includes a substantially pure osteogenic factor in a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. In one embodiment the load bearing member includes a bone graft impregnated in an osteogenic composition. In another embodiment, the osteogenic composition 30 is packed within a chamber 25 defined in the graft. Any suitable configuration of a bone graft is contemplated, including bone dowels, D-shaped spacers and cortical rings.
摘要翻译：提供脊柱间隔件20用于运动段的融合。间隔件包括具有壁22的承载构件21，该壁22的尺寸设置成用于接合在相邻椎骨之间的空间中，以维持空间和有效量的成骨组合物以刺激骨诱导。成骨组合物包括药学上可接受的载体中基本上纯的成骨因子。在一个实施例中，承载构件包括浸渍在成骨组合物中的骨移植物。在另一个实施方案中，成骨组合物30被包装在限定在移植物中的腔室25内。涵盖骨移植物的任何合适构型，包括骨榫，D形间隔物和皮质环。

2. 发明授权

US06371988B1 Bone grafts 有权
标题翻译：骨移植
公开(公告)号：US06371988B1
公开(公告)日：2002-04-16
申请号：US09484354
申请日：2000-01-18
申请人： John Pafford , Lawrence M. Boyd , William F. McKay , Eddie F. Ray, III , James E. Van Hoeck
发明人： John Pafford , Lawrence M. Boyd , William F. McKay , Eddie F. Ray, III , James E. Van Hoeck
IPC分类号： A61F228
CPC分类号： A61F2/30767 , A61B17/1671 , A61B17/1757 , A61B2017/0256 , A61B2090/034 , A61F2/28 , A61F2/30724 , A61F2/442 , A61F2/4455 , A61F2/446 , A61F2/447 , A61F2/4611 , A61F2/468 , A61F2002/2817 , A61F2002/2835 , A61F2002/2839 , A61F2002/30004 , A61F2002/30057 , A61F2002/30062 , A61F2002/30075 , A61F2002/30112 , A61F2002/30136 , A61F2002/30153 , A61F2002/30187 , A61F2002/30224 , A61F2002/30235 , A61F2002/30261 , A61F2002/30271 , A61F2002/30677 , A61F2002/30772 , A61F2002/30774 , A61F2002/30787 , A61F2002/30797 , A61F2002/30813 , A61F2002/30836 , A61F2002/30841 , A61F2002/30848 , A61F2002/3085 , A61F2002/30866 , A61F2002/30879 , A61F2002/30892 , A61F2002/30904 , A61F2002/3092 , A61F2002/30929 , A61F2002/4475 , A61F2002/448 , A61F2002/4623 , A61F2002/4627 , A61F2002/4628 , A61F2002/4649 , A61F2210/0004 , A61F2210/0061 , A61F2230/0004 , A61F2230/0019 , A61F2230/0034 , A61F2230/0069 , A61F2230/0082 , A61F2250/0014 , A61F2310/00161 , A61F2310/00293 , A61F2310/00365 , A61F2310/00491 , A61F2310/00544 , A61F2310/00796 , A61L27/10 , A61L27/12 , A61L27/16 , A61L27/18 , A61L27/24 , A61L27/54 , A61L31/024 , A61L31/026 , A61L31/044 , A61L31/047 , A61L31/048 , A61L31/06 , A61L2300/252 , A61L2300/414 , A61L2300/802 , A61L2430/38 , Y10S606/907 , Y10S606/908 , Y10S606/909 , Y10S606/91 , A61L27/227
摘要： Spinal spacers 20 are provided for fusion of a motion segment. The spacers include a load bearing member 21 having a wall 22 sized for engagement within a space between adjacent vertebrae to maintain the space and an effective amount of an osteogenic composition to stimulate osteoinduction. The osteogenic composition includes a substantially pure osteogenic factor in a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. In one embodiment the load bearing member includes a bone graft impregnated in an osteogenic composition. In another embodiment, the osteogenic composition 30 is packed within a chamber 25 defined in the graft. Any suitable configuration of a bone graft is contemplated, including bone dowels, D-shaped spacers and cortical rings.
摘要翻译：提供脊柱间隔件20用于运动段的融合。间隔件包括具有壁22的承载构件21，该壁22的尺寸设置成用于接合在相邻椎骨之间的空间中，以维持空间和有效量的成骨组合物以刺激骨诱导。成骨组合物包括药学上可接受的载体中基本上纯的成骨因子。在一个实施例中，承载构件包括浸渍在成骨组合物中的骨移植物。在另一个实施方案中，成骨组合物30被包装在限定在移植物中的腔室25内。涵盖骨移植物的任何合适构型，包括骨榫，D形间隔物和皮质环。

3. 发明申请

US20120310348A1 BONE GRAFTS 审中-公开
标题翻译：骨头
公开(公告)号：US20120310348A1
公开(公告)日：2012-12-06
申请号：US13153697
申请日：2011-06-06
申请人： John Pafford , Lawrence M. Boyd , William F. McKay , Eddie F. Ray, III , James E. Van Hoeck
发明人： John Pafford , Lawrence M. Boyd , William F. McKay , Eddie F. Ray, III , James E. Van Hoeck
IPC分类号： A61F2/44
CPC分类号： A61F2/30767 , A61B2017/0256 , A61B2090/034 , A61F2/30724 , A61F2/442 , A61F2/4455 , A61F2/446 , A61F2/447 , A61F2/4611 , A61F2/468 , A61F2002/2817 , A61F2002/2835 , A61F2002/2839 , A61F2002/30004 , A61F2002/30057 , A61F2002/30062 , A61F2002/30075 , A61F2002/30112 , A61F2002/30136 , A61F2002/30153 , A61F2002/30187 , A61F2002/30224 , A61F2002/30235 , A61F2002/30261 , A61F2002/30271 , A61F2002/30677 , A61F2002/30772 , A61F2002/30774 , A61F2002/30787 , A61F2002/30797 , A61F2002/30813 , A61F2002/30836 , A61F2002/30841 , A61F2002/30848 , A61F2002/3085 , A61F2002/30866 , A61F2002/30879 , A61F2002/30892 , A61F2002/30904 , A61F2002/3092 , A61F2002/30929 , A61F2002/4475 , A61F2002/448 , A61F2002/4623 , A61F2002/4627 , A61F2002/4628 , A61F2002/4649 , A61F2310/00161 , A61F2310/00293 , A61F2310/00365 , A61F2310/00491 , A61F2310/00544 , A61F2310/00796 , A61L27/3608 , A61L27/54 , A61L2300/414 , A61L2430/38
摘要： Spinal spacers 20 are provided for fusion of a motion segment. The spacers include a load bearing member 21 having a wall 22 sized for engagement within a space between adjacent vertebrae to maintain the space and an effective amount of an osteogenic composition to stimulate osteoinduction. The osteogenic composition includes a substantially pure osteogenic factor in a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. In one embodiment the load bearing member includes a hone graft impregnated in an osteogenic composition. In another embodiment, the osteogenic composition 30 is packed within a chamber 25 defined in the graft. Any suitable configuration of a bone graft is contemplated, including bone dowels, D-shaped spacers and cortical rings.
摘要翻译：提供脊柱间隔件20用于运动段的融合。间隔件包括具有壁22的承载构件21，该壁22的尺寸设置成用于接合在相邻椎骨之间的空间中，以维持空间和有效量的成骨组合物以刺激骨诱导。成骨组合物包括药学上可接受的载体中基本上纯的成骨因子。在一个实施方案中，承载构件包括浸渍在成骨组合物中的橡胶接枝。在另一个实施方案中，成骨组合物30包装在限定在移植物中的腔室25内。涵盖骨移植物的任何合适构型，包括骨榫，D形间隔物和皮质环。

4. 发明申请

US20120071983A1 BONE GRAFTS 审中-公开
标题翻译：骨头
公开(公告)号：US20120071983A1
公开(公告)日：2012-03-22
申请号：US13237711
申请日：2011-09-20
申请人： Eddie F. Ray, III , Lawrence M. Boyd , James E. Van Hoeck , Bradley J. Coates , Jeffrey W. Poyner
发明人： Eddie F. Ray, III , Lawrence M. Boyd , James E. Van Hoeck , Bradley J. Coates , Jeffrey W. Poyner
IPC分类号： A61F2/44
CPC分类号： A61F2/446 , A61F2/44 , A61F2/4455 , A61F2310/00023
摘要： Spinal spacers for fusion of a motion segment. A spinal spacer includes a body, which may be formed of a bone composition. The body includes a first end, an opposite second end, a superior face defining a superior vertebral engaging surface and an inferior face defining an inferior vertebral engaging surface. At least one of the vertebral engaging surfaces defines a set of migration resistance grooves. Each of the grooves includes a first face defining an angle of no more than about 90 degrees relative to the engaging surface and a second opposing sloped face.
摘要翻译：用于融合运动节段的脊柱间隔物。脊椎间隔物包括可由骨组合物形成的主体。主体包括第一端，相对的第二端，限定上椎骨接合表面的上表面和限定下椎骨接合表面的下表面。椎骨接合表面中的至少一个限定了一组迁移阻力槽。每个凹槽包括限定相对于接合表面不大于约90度的角度的第一面和相对于第二相对的倾斜面的第一面。

5. 发明申请

US20130096681A1 BONE GRAFTS 审中-公开
标题翻译：骨头
公开(公告)号：US20130096681A1
公开(公告)日：2013-04-18
申请号：US13627277
申请日：2012-09-26
申请人： Eddie F. Ray, III , Lawrence M. Boyd , James E. Van Hoeck , Bradley J. Coates , Jeffrey W. Poyner
发明人： Eddie F. Ray, III , Lawrence M. Boyd , James E. Van Hoeck , Bradley J. Coates , Jeffrey W. Poyner
IPC分类号： A61F2/44
CPC分类号： A61F2/446 , A61F2/44 , A61F2/4455 , A61F2310/00023
摘要： Spinal spacers for fusion of a motion segment. A spinal spacer includes a body, which may be formed of a bone composition. The body includes a first end, an opposite second end, a superior face defining a superior vertebral engaging surface and an inferior face defining an inferior vertebral engaging surface. At least one of the vertebral engaging surfaces defines a set of migration resistance grooves. Each of the grooves includes a first face defining an angle of no more than about 90 degrees relative to the engaging surface and a second opposing sloped face.
摘要翻译：用于融合运动节段的脊柱间隔物。脊椎间隔物包括可由骨组合物形成的主体。主体包括第一端，相对的第二端，限定上脊椎接合表面的上表面和限定下椎骨接合表面的下表面。椎骨接合表面中的至少一个限定了一组迁移阻力槽。每个凹槽包括限定相对于接合表面不大于约90度的角度的第一面和相对于第二相对的倾斜面的第一面。

6. 发明申请

US20100057207A1 Bone grafts 审中-公开
标题翻译：骨移植
公开(公告)号：US20100057207A1
公开(公告)日：2010-03-04
申请号：US12458653
申请日：2009-07-20
申请人： Eddie F. Ray, III , Lawrence M. Boyd , James E. Van Hoeck , Bradley J. Coates , Jeffrey W. Poyner
发明人： Eddie F. Ray, III , Lawrence M. Boyd , James E. Van Hoeck , Bradley J. Coates , Jeffrey W. Poyner
IPC分类号： A61F2/44 , A61F2/02
CPC分类号： A61F2/446 , A61F2/44 , A61F2/4455 , A61F2310/00023
摘要： Spinal spacers 20 are provided for fusion of a motion segment. The spacers include a load bearing member 21 having a wall 22 sized for engagement within a space between adjacent vertebrae to maintain the space and an effective amount of an osteogenic composition to stimulate osteoinduction. The osteogenic composition includes a substantially pure osteogenic factor in, a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. In one embodiment the load bearing member includes a bone graft impregnated in an osteogenic composition. In another embodiment, the osteogenic composition 30 is packed within a chamber 25 defined in the graft. Any suitable configuration of a bone graft is contemplated, including bone dowels, D-shaped spacers and cortical rings. A spinal spacer 300 for engagement between vertebrae is also provided which includes a body 301 formed of a bone composition. The body 301 includes a first end 311, an opposite second 315 end, a superior face 335 defining a superior vertebral engaging surface 337 and an inferior face 338 defining an inferior vertebral engaging surface 340. At least one of the vertebral engaging surfaces defines a set of migration resistance grooves 350. Each of the grooves 350 includes a first face 355 defining an angle of no more than about 90 degrees relative to the engaging surface 340 and a second opposing sloped face 360. The first and second faces 355, 360 define an arcuate pocket 370 therebetween for trapping vertebral bone to resist migration of the spacer 300. In one embodiment, the grooves 350 are arranged in series in that all of the second faces 360 slope in the same direction.
摘要翻译：提供脊柱间隔件20用于运动段的融合。间隔件包括具有壁22的承载构件21，该壁22的尺寸设置成用于接合在相邻椎骨之间的空间中，以维持空间和有效量的成骨组合物以刺激骨诱导。成骨组合物包括药学上可接受的载体中基本上纯的成骨因子。在一个实施例中，承载构件包括浸渍在成骨组合物中的骨移植物。在另一个实施方案中，成骨组合物30包装在限定在移植物中的腔室25内。涵盖骨移植物的任何合适构型，包括骨榫，D形间隔物和皮质环。还提供了用于椎骨之间的接合的脊椎间隔件300，其包括由骨组合物形成的主体301。主体301包括第一端311，相对的第二315端，限定上脊椎接合表面337的上表面335和限定下椎骨接合表面340的下表面338.至少一个脊椎接合表面限定一组每个沟槽350包括限定相对于接合表面340不超过约90度的角度的第一面355和第二相对的倾斜面360.第一和第二面355,360限定一个弓形凹槽370用于捕获椎骨以抵抗间隔件300的移动。在一个实施例中，凹槽350串联设置，因为所有第二面360都沿相同方向倾斜。

7. 发明授权

US08038714B2 Intervertebral spacers with side wall accessible interior cavity 有权
标题翻译：椎间隔垫与侧壁可达内腔
公开(公告)号：US08038714B2
公开(公告)日：2011-10-18
申请号：US12383191
申请日：2009-03-20
申请人： Lawrence M. Boyd , J. Kenneth Burkus , John D. Dorchak , Bradley T. Estes , Eddie F. Ray, III
发明人： Lawrence M. Boyd , J. Kenneth Burkus , John D. Dorchak , Bradley T. Estes , Eddie F. Ray, III
IPC分类号： A61F2/44
CPC分类号： A61F2/4611 , A61F2/28 , A61F2/442 , A61F2/446 , A61F2002/2817 , A61F2002/2835 , A61F2002/2839 , A61F2002/30131 , A61F2002/30611 , A61F2002/30677 , A61F2002/30772 , A61F2002/30777 , A61F2002/30787 , A61F2002/3082 , A61F2002/30858 , A61F2002/30871 , A61F2002/4475 , A61F2002/448 , A61F2002/4627 , A61F2002/4649 , A61F2230/0013 , A61F2250/0063 , A61F2310/00017 , A61F2310/00023 , A61F2310/00293
摘要： Intervertebral spacers and methods of promoting fusion bone growth in the space between adjacent vertebrae are provided. The spacers include an elongated body having a first end, a second end and an outer surface. Side walls connect the first and second ends. The elongated body also defines an interior cavity. The side wall defines an opening to the interior cavity in a side of the elongated body. At least one of the first and second ends has a discontinuity, such as a concave surface, for nesting with an adjacent spacer. The methods of promoting fusion bone growth include utilizing the inventive spacers described herein.
摘要翻译：提供椎间间隔物和促进相邻椎骨间空间融合骨生长的方法。间隔件包括具有第一端，第二端和外表面的细长主体。侧壁连接第一和第二端。细长体还限定内腔。侧壁在细长体的一侧限定了内腔的开口。第一和第二端中的至少一个具有不连续性，例如凹面，用于与相邻间隔物嵌套。促进融合骨生长的方法包括利用本文所述的本发明的间隔物。

8. 发明申请

US20090254181A1 Intervertebral spacers with side wall accessible interior cavity 有权
标题翻译：椎间隔垫与侧壁可达内腔
公开(公告)号：US20090254181A1
公开(公告)日：2009-10-08
申请号：US12383191
申请日：2009-03-20
申请人： Lawrence M. Boyd , J. Kenneth Burkus , John D. Dorchak , Bradley T. Estes , Eddie F. Ray, III
发明人： Lawrence M. Boyd , J. Kenneth Burkus , John D. Dorchak , Bradley T. Estes , Eddie F. Ray, III
IPC分类号： A61F2/44
CPC分类号： A61F2/4611 , A61F2/28 , A61F2/442 , A61F2/446 , A61F2002/2817 , A61F2002/2835 , A61F2002/2839 , A61F2002/30131 , A61F2002/30611 , A61F2002/30677 , A61F2002/30772 , A61F2002/30777 , A61F2002/30787 , A61F2002/3082 , A61F2002/30858 , A61F2002/30871 , A61F2002/4475 , A61F2002/448 , A61F2002/4627 , A61F2002/4649 , A61F2230/0013 , A61F2250/0063 , A61F2310/00017 , A61F2310/00023 , A61F2310/00293
摘要： Intervertebral spacers and methods of promoting fusion bone growth in the space between adjacent vertebrae are provided. The spacers include an elongated body having a first end, a second end and an outer surface. Side walls connect the first and second ends. The elongated body also defines an interior cavity. The side wall defines an opening to the interior cavity in a side of the elongated body. At least one of the first and second ends has a discontinuity, such as a concave surface, for nesting with an adjacent spacer. The methods of promoting fusion bone growth include utilizing the inventive spacers described herein.
摘要翻译：提供椎间间隔物和促进相邻椎骨间空间融合骨生长的方法。间隔件包括具有第一端，第二端和外表面的细长主体。侧壁连接第一和第二端。细长体还限定内腔。侧壁在细长体的一侧限定了内腔的开口。第一和第二端中的至少一个具有不连续性，例如凹面，用于与相邻间隔物嵌套。促进融合骨生长的方法包括利用本文所述的本发明的间隔物。

9. 发明授权

US06468311B2 Modular interbody fusion implant 失效
公开(公告)号：US06468311B2
公开(公告)日：2002-10-22
申请号：US09766948
申请日：2001-01-22
申请人： Lawrence M. Boyd , Eddie F. Ray, III , Jeffrey Kozak
发明人： Lawrence M. Boyd , Eddie F. Ray, III , Jeffrey Kozak
IPC分类号： A61F244
CPC分类号： A61F2/28 , A61F2/442 , A61F2/4455 , A61F2/4611 , A61F2002/2835 , A61F2002/30004 , A61F2002/30057 , A61F2002/30131 , A61F2002/30133 , A61F2002/30387 , A61F2002/30448 , A61F2002/30507 , A61F2002/30604 , A61F2002/30772 , A61F2002/30828 , A61F2002/30831 , A61F2002/30904 , A61F2002/4485 , A61F2220/0025 , A61F2220/005 , A61F2230/0013 , A61F2230/0015 , A61F2250/0014
摘要： An interbody fusion device for engagement between vertebrae includes a pair of lateral spacers for spacing the vertebrae, and a connecting member adapted to couple together the lateral spacers when inserted between the vertebrae. The connecting member, individual lateral spacers, or the entire spinal spacer can be made of bone in order to promote fusion of the vertebrae. The modular construction permits use of bone segments otherwise unsuitable due to size or strength in stable fusion devices.

10. 发明授权

US07534265B1 Intervertebral spacers with side wall accessible interior cavity 有权
标题翻译：椎间隔垫与侧壁可触及内腔
公开(公告)号：US07534265B1
公开(公告)日：2009-05-19
申请号：US09869813
申请日：2000-04-11
申请人： Lawrence M. Boyd , J. Kenneth Burkus , John D. Dorchak , Bradley T. Estes , Eddie F. Ray, III
发明人： Lawrence M. Boyd , J. Kenneth Burkus , John D. Dorchak , Bradley T. Estes , Eddie F. Ray, III
IPC分类号： A61F2/44
CPC分类号： A61F2/4611 , A61F2/28 , A61F2/442 , A61F2/446 , A61F2002/2817 , A61F2002/2835 , A61F2002/2839 , A61F2002/30131 , A61F2002/30611 , A61F2002/30677 , A61F2002/30772 , A61F2002/30777 , A61F2002/30787 , A61F2002/3082 , A61F2002/30858 , A61F2002/30871 , A61F2002/4475 , A61F2002/448 , A61F2002/4627 , A61F2002/4649 , A61F2230/0013 , A61F2250/0063 , A61F2310/00017 , A61F2310/00023 , A61F2310/00293
摘要： Intervertebral spacers, tools for implanting intervertebral spacers and methods of promoting fusion bone growth in the space between adjacent vertebrae are provided. The spacers include an elongated body having a first end, a second end and an outer surface. Side walls connect the first and second ends. The elongated body also defines an interior cavity. The side wall defines an opening to the interior cavity in a side of the elongated body. At least one of the first and second ends has a discontinuity, such as a concave surface, for nesting with an adjacent spacer. The tools include spacer engaging means for engaging a spacer and occlusion means for blocking an opening defined in the spacer. In some embodiments, the occlusion means includes a plate extendible from the housing. In one specific embodiment the plate defines a groove which is disposed around a fastener attached to the housing so that the plate is slideable relative to the housing. The methods of promoting fusion bone growth include utilizing the inventive spacers described herein.
摘要翻译：提供椎间隔垫，用于植入椎间间隔的工具和在相邻椎骨之间的空间中促进融合骨生长的方法。间隔件包括具有第一端，第二端和外表面的细长主体。侧壁连接第一和第二端。细长体还限定内腔。侧壁在细长体的一侧限定了内腔的开口。第一和第二端中的至少一个具有不连续性，例如凹面，用于与相邻间隔物嵌套。这些工具包括用于接合间隔件的间隔件接合装置和用于阻挡限定在间隔件中的开口的闭塞装置。在一些实施例中，闭塞装置包括可从壳体延伸的板。在一个具体实施例中，板限定了一个凹槽，该凹槽设置在附接到壳体的紧固件周围，使得该板相对于壳体可滑动。促进融合骨生长的方法包括利用本文所述的本发明的间隔物。

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