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1. 发明授权

US4468136A Optical beam deflection thermal imaging 失效
标题翻译：光束偏转热成像
公开(公告)号：US4468136A
公开(公告)日：1984-08-28
申请号：US348369
申请日：1982-02-12
申请人： John C. Murphy , Leonard C. Aamodt
发明人： John C. Murphy , Leonard C. Aamodt
IPC分类号： G01N21/17 , G01N21/00 , G01N25/00
CPC分类号： G01N21/171
摘要： The present invention provides a thermal imaging method to evaluate the surface and subsurface properties of a material and is based on techniques of optical beam deflection thermal imaging. The invention uses a localized excitation source, such as an optical beam, to provide localized heating of the sample surface. A surface thermal gradient is induced on the sample surface as heat flows, in three dimensions, from the area of localized excitation into the test material. The surface temperature gradient causes a thermal refractive lens to be generated in the fluid (gas or liquid) adjacent to the sample surface. An optical probe beam is directed through the thermal lens and is deflected by changes in a refractive index of the thermal lens. Changes in the refractive index are induced by variations of the surface temperature. In this manner, a detailed surface temperature profile can be generated which reveals surface and subsurface properties of the material tested.
摘要翻译：本发明提供了一种用于评估材料的表面和表面下性质的热成像方法，并且基于光束偏转热成像技术。本发明使用诸如光束的局部激发源来提供样品表面的局部加热。在三维空间中，从局部激发区域到测试材料的热流中，在样品表面上引起表面热梯度。表面温度梯度导致在与样品表面相邻的流体（气体或液体）中产生热折射透镜。光学探针光束被引导通过热透镜，并且通过热透镜的折射率的变化而偏转。折射率的变化由表面温度的变化引起。以这种方式，可以产生详细的表面温度分布，其显示所测试材料的表面和表面下性能。

2. 发明授权

US4184768A Self-calibrating photoacoustic apparatus for measuring light intensity and light absorption 失效
标题翻译：用于测量光强度和光吸收的自校准光声装置
公开(公告)号：US4184768A
公开(公告)日：1980-01-22
申请号：US848706
申请日：1977-11-04
申请人： John C. Murphy , Leonard C. Aamodt
发明人： John C. Murphy , Leonard C. Aamodt
IPC分类号： G01N21/17 , G01J3/42 , G01J1/56
CPC分类号： G01N21/1702
摘要： Pulsed light and readily measurable pulsed electrical energy are independently applied to a solid black, conductive sample in a gas-filled photoacoustic cell, each causing the black sample to heat. The heating of the black sample causes a pressure wave in the cell, which can be detected and measured. By adjusting the pulsed electrical energy, the pressure wave resulting from the pulsed electrical energy can be made to relate to the pressure wave resulting from the pulsed light in a predetermined manner. The pulsed light input intensity can then be measured in electrical units based on the measurable input of the electrical energy pulses. In this manner, the invention can be used as a radiometer. A second application for the present apparatus is in calibrating photoacoustic spectroscopy (PAS) cells. The PAS cell can be self-calibrated by discontinuing the light pulses and relating the pressure wave output to the electrical energy pulse input. The measurement then of light absorption in a test sample, which need be neither black nor conductive, can be made in absolute energy units based on the self-calibration relationship.
摘要翻译：脉冲光和容易测量的脉冲电能独立地施加到气体填充的光声单元中的固体黑色导电样品，每个导致黑色样品加热。黑色样品的加热导致电池中的压力波，这可以被检测和测量。通过调节脉冲电能，可以使由脉冲电能产生的压力波以与预定方式的脉冲光产生的压力波相关。然后可以基于电能脉冲的可测量输入以电单元测量脉冲光输入强度。以这种方式，本发明可以用作辐射计。本设备的第二个应用是校准光声光谱（PAS）单元。可以通过停止光脉冲并将压力波输出与电能脉冲输入相关联来对PAS单元进行自校准。基于自校准关系，可以以绝对能量单位进行测量样品中不需要黑色或不导电的测试样品的测量。

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