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1. 发明申请

US20060008354A1 High-speed impeller 审中-公开
标题翻译：高速叶轮
公开(公告)号：US20060008354A1
公开(公告)日：2006-01-12
申请号：US10933485
申请日：2004-09-03
申请人： Johann Kramer , Martin Schlegl , Erwin Schmidt , Holger Stark , Siegfried Sumser
发明人： Johann Kramer , Martin Schlegl , Erwin Schmidt , Holger Stark , Siegfried Sumser
IPC分类号： D02G3/02
CPC分类号： F01D5/048 , F04D29/284
摘要： The invention relates to a high-speed impeller for delivering gaseous or liquid media, for example as a compressor wheel for an exhaust-gas turbocharger. The high-speed impeller has a reinforcing core structure and an outer functional section. The invention is distinguished by the fact that reinforcing sleeves are pushed concentrically over one another for producing the core structure, in which case the length of the respective reinforcing sleeves varies. Furthermore, the functional section is cast onto the core structure.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及用于输送气体或液体介质的高速叶轮，例如作为排气涡轮增压器的压缩机叶轮。高速叶轮具有加强芯结构和外功能部。本发明的特征在于，加强套筒彼此同心地推动以产生芯部结构，在这种情况下，相应的加强套管的长度变化。此外，将功能部分铸造到芯结构上。

2. 发明授权

US5398916A Shape-memory metallic alloy damping body 失效
标题翻译：形状记忆金属合金阻尼体
公开(公告)号：US5398916A
公开(公告)日：1995-03-21
申请号：US107129
申请日：1993-08-17
申请人： Johann Kramer , Rainer Renz , Martin Schlegl
发明人： Johann Kramer , Rainer Renz , Martin Schlegl
IPC分类号： F16F7/00 , F16F1/02 , F16F7/01 , F16F15/02 , F16F1/00
CPC分类号： F16F7/01 , F16F1/021 , F16F2224/0258
摘要： A metallic damping body for damping shock-type and/or periodically changing stresses, consists of a shape-memory alloy material for effecting the damping. In order to be able to achieve a high damping effect even under a high mechanical stress on the damping body, the shape-memory alloy is selected such that it is in a state of austenitic microstructure at the operating temperature of the damping body. A sufficiently high mechanical prestress is applied to the damping body so that the damping working range is within the range of the pseudoelastic strain which starts below the proportionality limit in the stress/strain diagram of the shape-memory alloy. When the damping body is compressively stressed, a multiplicity of closely adjacent, small, uniformly distributed voids are present in the interior thereof, which together make up at least about 5%, preferably about 15 to 40%, of the total volume of the damping body. This allows free movement of the material particles in the region of the individual grain boundaries even in the interior of the damping body.
摘要翻译：用于阻尼冲击型和/或周期性变化的应力的金属阻尼体由用于实现阻尼的形状记忆合金材料组成。为了能够在阻尼体上的高机械应力下能够实现高阻尼效果，选择形状记忆合金，使其在阻尼体的工作温度下处于奥氏体组织的状态。对阻尼体施加足够高的机械预应力，使得阻尼工作范围在形状记忆合金的应力/应变图中低于比例极限的假弹性应变的范围内。当阻尼体被压缩应力时，其内部存在多个紧密相邻的小的均匀分布的空隙，这些空隙一起构成阻尼总体积的至少约5％，优选约15％至40％身体。这允许材料颗粒在单个晶界的区域中自由移动，甚至在阻尼体的内部。

3. 发明授权

US5069179A Internal combustion engine 失效
标题翻译：内燃机
公开(公告)号：US5069179A
公开(公告)日：1991-12-03
申请号：US604006
申请日：1999-10-25
申请人： Johann Kramer , Rainer Renz
发明人： Johann Kramer , Rainer Renz
IPC分类号： F02B19/16 , C22C19/03 , F02B19/08 , F02B19/14 , F02F7/00
CPC分类号： F02B19/14 , F02F7/006 , Y02T10/125
摘要： An internal combustion engine is described which comprises a main combustion chamber and a secondary combustion chamber which is arranged in the cylinder head of the internal combustion engine and is connected via a shot channel to the main combustion chamber. To increase the high-temperature stability, the parts of the secondary combustion chamber which are acted upon by the hot gas jet are made of a material of intermetallic phase.
摘要翻译：描述了一种内燃机，其包括主燃烧室和二次燃烧室，其布置在内燃机的气缸盖中并且经由喷射通道连接到主燃烧室。为了提高高温稳定性，由二次燃烧室被热气体喷射的部分由金属间相的材料制成。

4. 发明授权

US5687958A Metallic damping body 失效
标题翻译：金属阻尼体
公开(公告)号：US5687958A
公开(公告)日：1997-11-18
申请号：US936296
申请日：1992-08-28
申请人： Rainer Renz , Johann Kramer
发明人： Rainer Renz , Johann Kramer
IPC分类号： F16F1/02 , F16F1/373 , F16F3/00 , F16F7/00 , F16M1/00 , C22C43/00
CPC分类号： F16F7/00 , F16F1/021 , F16F1/3732 , B60G2401/23 , F16F2236/04
摘要： A damping body for damping periodically alternating loads uses a shape-memory alloy material to govern the damping. The damping body is sintered from metal grains or is laminated from a plurality of perforated sheet-metal layers. The individual sheet-metal layers are orientated transversely or parallel to the loading direction and are connected to one another over the full surface area. A combination formed from a multiplicity of round pins orientated parallel to the loading direction and having enclosed gussets can also be used as a damping body. A certain hollow-space portion inside the damping body can also be created by drilling, slitting or grooving. The proportion of the open pore or bore volume of the damping body to the total volume is at least 5%, preferably about 15 to 40%. On account of the hollow spaces integrated in the damping body, multiaxial stress states impairing the damping behavior can be effectively avoided or at any rate reduced even in an unfavorably flat or wide configuration of the damping body.
摘要翻译：用于阻尼周期性交变载荷的阻尼体使用形状记忆合金材料来控制阻尼。阻尼体由金属颗粒烧结，或从多个穿孔的金属板层压。各个金属板层横向或平行于装载方向取向，并在整个表面积上相互连接。由平行于装载方向定向并具有封闭角撑板的多个圆销形成的组合也可以用作阻尼体。阻尼体内部的一个中空空间部分也可以通过钻孔，切割或开槽来产生。阻尼体的开孔或孔体积与总体积的比例为至少5％，优选约15至40％。由于集成在阻尼体中的中空空间，可以有效地避免损伤阻尼性能的多轴应力状态，或者即使在阻尼体的不利平坦或宽形态下，也可以任意降低。

5. 发明授权

US5197720A Clamping tool for non-positive and high-precision clamping of workpieces 失效
标题翻译：钳制工具非正式和高精度夹紧工件
公开(公告)号：US5197720A
公开(公告)日：1993-03-30
申请号：US497186
申请日：1990-03-22
申请人： Rainer Renz , Johann Kramer
发明人： Rainer Renz , Johann Kramer
IPC分类号： B23B31/00 , B23B31/117 , B23B31/30 , B23B31/40
CPC分类号： B23B31/00 , B23B31/117 , B23B31/305 , B23B31/40 , B23B2222/28 , B23B2226/18 , B23B2228/16
摘要： The invention concerns a clamping tool for non-positive and high-precision clamping of workpieces by means of an expansion element, which is held inside the clamping tool and, in the unclamped state, is matched to the workpiece with little play but movably, and to which force may be applied radially over a large area. When force is applied, the expansion element expands reversibly, and bears non-positively against the workpiece, and holds it in place with high rotational accuracy and high clamping force. In order to be able to permit a high expansion rate of the expansion element in conjunction with a closed configuration of the latter, the invention proposes for the expansion element a so-called shape memory alloy, which is operated in the austenitic state with reversible stress-inducible possibility of change of the microstructure into the martensitic state. For this reason, the workpiece can also be matched to the clamping tools with substantially coarser tolerances, and this has a favorable influence on the production costs.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及一种夹持工具，用于借助于保持在夹紧工具内部的膨胀元件而非正和高精度地夹紧工件，并且在松开状态下，与工件匹配，几乎没有游隙但可移动，并且可以在大面积上径向施加力。当施加力时，膨胀元件可逆地膨胀，并且非正向地抵靠工件，并以高的旋转精度和高的夹紧力将其保持在适当的位置。为了能够使膨胀元件的高膨胀率与后者的闭合构型一起允许，本发明提出了膨胀元件所谓的形状记忆合金，其在具有可逆应力的奥氏体状态下操作 - 微结构变化为马氏体状态的可能性不大。因此，工件也可以与夹紧工具匹配，具有基本上更宽的公差，这对生产成本有很大的影响。

6. 发明授权

US06174008B1 Bumper arrangement 有权
标题翻译：保险杠安排
公开(公告)号：US06174008B1
公开(公告)日：2001-01-16
申请号：US09417938
申请日：1999-10-13
申请人： Johann Kramer , Bernd Schroder , Martin Tebbe
发明人： Johann Kramer , Bernd Schroder , Martin Tebbe
IPC分类号： B60R1938
CPC分类号： B60R19/40 , B60R19/28
摘要： bumper arrangement for a motor vehicle includes a bumper mounted in such a way that it can be moved between a rest position and an operating position. A spring acts on the bumper and is prestressed in the rest position. A locking device holds the bumper in the rest and/or operating position. A control unit actuates the locking device as a function of signals from an accident detection sensor system. When the locking device is unlocked, the spring moves the bumper abruptly into the operating position in which the bumper absorbs impact loads resulting from relative velocities up to a predetermined limit in a substantially elastic manner.
摘要翻译：用于机动车辆的保险杠装置包括以能够在静止位置和操作位置之间移动的方式安装的保险杠。弹簧作用在保险杠上，并处于静止位置。锁定装置将保险杠保持在休息和/或操作位置。控制单元根据来自事故检测传感器系统的信号来致动锁定装置。当锁定装置解锁时，弹簧将保险杠突然地移动到操作位置，在该位置中，保险杠以相当速度以基本上弹性的方式吸收由相对速度引起的预定极限的冲击载荷。

7. 发明授权

US5277435A Standard shank and method for directly locating rotating cutting tools in a machine tool work spindle 失效
标题翻译：用于在机床工作主轴中直接定位旋转刀具的标准柄和方法
公开(公告)号：US5277435A
公开(公告)日：1994-01-11
申请号：US933690
申请日：1992-08-24
申请人： Johann Kramer , Bruno Teusch , Rainer Renz , Dieter Jenuwein
发明人： Johann Kramer , Bruno Teusch , Rainer Renz , Dieter Jenuwein
IPC分类号： B23B31/10 , B23B31/02 , B23B31/20 , B23B31/117
CPC分类号： B23B31/201 , B23B2228/16 , Y10T279/10 , Y10T279/17 , Y10T279/17316 , Y10T279/3487 , Y10T279/35 , Y10T29/49865 , Y10T403/21 , Y10T403/48 , Y10T403/74 , Y10T408/95 , Y10T409/30952
摘要： A cylindrical standard shank is provided for rotating cutting tools for locating a standard shank in a cylindrical location opening, precisely produced with regard to shape and true-running accuracy, in the work spindles of so-called transfer lines or of, for example, steep-taper adaptors. The cutting tool is, in turn, fixed by a cylindrical press connection in the standard shank serving as an adaptor between the tool shank and standardized location opening. The standard shank has, at the front, a longitudinally slotted clamping sleeve accurately machined on the inside and outside. The clamping sleeve is clamped by an accurately machined shrink collar of shape-memory alloy which is approximately the same length and has at least the same wall thickness, is present in the austenitic structural state at room temperature and in the process is reduced in diameter on account of suitable pretreatment, and bears tightly against the periphery of the clamping sleeve. The shrink collar can be transformed into the martensitic structural state by undercooling and can thereby be widened in diameter, as a result of which the clamping sleeve is relieved and the cutting tool located in the standard shank can be exchanged.
摘要翻译：提供了一种圆柱形标准柄，用于旋转切削工具，用于将标准柄定位在圆柱形位置开口中，精确地根据形状和真实运行精度产生，在所谓的输送线的工作轴中，或者例如陡峭分配适配器另一方面，切割工具通过圆柱形的压力连接固定在标准柄中，用作工具柄和标准化位置开口之间的适配器。标准杆在前部具有在内部和外部精确加工的纵向开槽夹紧套筒。夹紧套筒由精密加工的形状记忆合金的收缩套管夹紧，大约相同的长度并且具有至少相同的壁厚，在室温下以奥氏体结构状态存在，并且在该过程中直径减小考虑到适当的预处理，并且紧紧地抵靠夹紧套筒的周边。收缩环可以通过过冷而转变为马氏体结构状态，从而可以扩大直径，由此可以减轻夹紧套筒，并且可以更换位于标准柄中的切割工具。

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