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1. 发明授权

US06501970B2 Superconductor-based processing 失效
公开(公告)号：US06501970B2
公开(公告)日：2002-12-31
申请号：US09809431
申请日：2001-03-16
申请人： Joerg Heise , Wolf-Ruediger Canders , Wilfried Hedderich , Franz Hehmann
发明人： Joerg Heise , Wolf-Ruediger Canders , Wilfried Hedderich , Franz Hehmann
IPC分类号： H01L3900
CPC分类号： F17C3/085 , B60L13/04 , B60L2200/26 , F17C13/086 , F17C13/087 , F17C2203/03 , F17C2203/0687 , F17C2205/0323 , F17C2221/014 , F17C2223/0161 , F17C2270/0509 , F25D3/10 , F25D29/001 , Y02E60/321
摘要： Viable (HT) superconductor-based processing is disclosed comprising the controlled conversion of energy resulting from application of a (HT) superconductor to an electric, magnetic, electromagnetic and/or gravitational field, wherein the converted energy is released from a corresponding chill system in order to maintain a superconducting state of the (HT) superconductor under controlled extrinsic or boundary conditions. A closed vessel is instrumental to transform said energy once created into a mechanical work, a partial chill gas mass per operating time interval, i.e. &dgr;dmV/&dgr;t, and a partial conduction enthalpy. A corresponding chill system comprises optionally at least one aeropneumatic accumulator designed to operate at least one (HT) superconductor-based overpressure vessel or dewar accommodating at least one superconductor element immersed into a liquid chill agent such as liquid nitrogen of defined heat capacity per volume superconductor employed. Accumulator and vessel adjacent to said accumulator form a principal unit of a universally applicable and unique differentiated composite body exploring the intrinsic properties of a (HT) superconductor under defined independent variables of the extrinsic or boundary conditions of heat transfer by heat radiation, heat conduction, heat convection as well as carefully designed insulation exploring unconventional methods of processing. This is shown for the example of levitation and conveyance of a load having a contour such as in packaging and being useful in carrying a load in a transportation process including flexible batch processing for a product, for example.

2. 发明授权

US06908516B2 Selected processing for non-equilibrium light alloys and products 失效
公开(公告)号：US06908516B2
公开(公告)日：2005-06-21
申请号：US10265467
申请日：2002-10-07
申请人： Franz Hehmann , Michael Weidemann
发明人： Franz Hehmann , Michael Weidemann
IPC分类号： C22C21/00 , C22C23/00 , C22C23/06 , C22C45/00 , C23C14/14 , C23C14/22
CPC分类号： C23C14/14 , C23C14/22 , Y02T50/67 , Y10T137/85938
摘要： A new class of light or reactive elements and monophase α′-matrix magnesium- and aluminum-based alloys with superior engineering properties, for the latter being based on a homogeneous solute distribution or a corrosion-resistant and metallic shiny surface withstanding aqueous and saline environments and resulting from the control during synthesis of atomic structure over microstructure to net shape of the final product, said α′-matrix being retained upon conversion into a cast or wrought form. The manufacture of the materials relies on the control of deposition temperature and in-vacuum consolidation during vapor deposition, on maximized heat transfer or casting pressure during all-liquid processing and on controlled friction and shock power during solid state alloying using a mechanical milling technique. The alloy synthesis is followed by extrusion, rolling, forging, drawing and superplastic forming for which the conditions of mechanical working, thermal exposure and time to transfer corresponding metastable α′-matrix phases and microstructure into product form depend on thermal stability and transformation behavior at higher temperatures of said light alloy as well as on the defects inherent to a specific alloy synthesis employed. Alloying additions to the resulting α′-monophase matrix include 0.1 to 40 wt. % metalloids or light rare earth or early transition or simple or heavy rare earth metals or a combination thereof. The eventually more complex light alloys are designed to retain the low density and to improve damage tolerance of corresponding base metals and may include an artificial aging upon thermomechanical processing with or without solid solution heat and quench and annealing treatment for a controlled volume fraction and size of solid state precipitates to reinforce alloy film, layer or bulk and resulting surface qualities. Novel processes are employed to spur production and productivity for the new materials.

3. 发明授权

US06941973B2 Industrial vapor conveyance and deposition 失效
标题翻译：工业蒸汽输送和沉积
公开(公告)号：US06941973B2
公开(公告)日：2005-09-13
申请号：US09766644
申请日：2001-01-23
申请人： Franz Hehmann
发明人： Franz Hehmann
IPC分类号： C22C21/00 , C22C23/00 , C22C23/06 , C22C45/00 , C23C14/14 , C23C14/22 , F15D1/02
CPC分类号： C23C14/14 , C23C14/22 , Y02T50/67 , Y10T137/85938
摘要： A process for deposition and condensation and reaction and separation and distillation employing at least two chambers separated by a diaphragm with at least one separation wall and at least one orifice or flow duct or plurality thereof. The new process includes (i) a condensation-free formation of a reservoir of an uncondensed phase under controlled flow conditions in front of a diaphragm, (ii) local pulse forces in an orifice or flow duct is controlled by local flow speed or local flow density or local flow pressure of said uncondensed phase to provide macroscopic control of an uncondensed intermediary and final phase or material and (iii) controlled conveyance and production rates under conditions of said local control and is independent from gravitational acceleration so orientation of individual modules or units or assembly of a production plant.
摘要翻译：一种用于沉积和冷凝以及反应和分离和蒸馏的方法，所述方法使用至少两个由膜片隔开的室，其具有至少一个隔离壁和至少一个孔或流动管道或多个隔离壁。新工艺包括：（i）在隔膜前面的受控流动条件下无冷凝地形成非冷凝相的储存器，（ii）孔或流道中的局部脉冲力由局部流速或局部流量密度或局部流动压力，以提供对非冷凝中间体和最终相或材料的宏观控制，以及（iii）在所述局部控制的条件下的受控输送和生产速率，并且独立于重力加速度，因此各个模块或单元的取向或组装生产工厂。

4. 发明授权

US06544357B1 Selected processing for non-equilibrium light alloys and products 失效
公开(公告)号：US06544357B1
公开(公告)日：2003-04-08
申请号：US08776382
申请日：1997-01-31
申请人： Franz Hehmann , Michael Weidemann
发明人： Franz Hehmann , Michael Weidemann
IPC分类号： C23C1414
CPC分类号： C23C14/14 , C23C14/22 , Y02T50/67 , Y10T137/85938
摘要： A new class of light or reactive elements and monophase &agr;′-matrix magnesium- and aluminum-based alloys with superior engineering properties, for the latter being based on a homogeneous solute distribution or a corrosion-resistant and metallic shiny surface withstanding aqueous and saline environments and resulting from the control during synthesis of atomic structure over microstructure to net shape of the final product, said &agr;′-matrix being retained upon conversion into a cast or wrought form. The manufacture of the materials relies on the control of deposition temperature and in-vacuum consolidation during vapor deposition, on maximized heat transfer or casting pressure during all-liquid processing and on controlled friction and shock power during solid state alloying using a mechanical milling technique. The alloy synthesis is followed by extrusion, rolling, forging, drawing and superplastic forming for which the conditions of mechanical working, thermal exposure and time to transfer corresponding metastable &agr;′-matrix phases and microstructure into product form depend on thermal stability and transformation behavior at higher temperatures of said light alloy as well as on the defects inherent to a specific alloy synthesis employed. Alloying additions to the resulting &agr;′-monophase matrix include 0.1 to 40 wt. % metalloids or light rare earth or early transition or simple or heavy rare earth metals or a combination thereof. The eventually more complex light alloys are designed to retain the low density and to improve damage tolerance of corresponding base metals and may include an artificial aging upon thermomechanical processing with or without solid solution heat and quench and annealing treatment for a controlled volume fraction and size of solid state precipitates to reinforce alloy film, layer or bulk and resulting surface qualities. Novel processes are employed to spur production and productivity for the new materials.

5. 发明授权

US06248399B1 Industrial vapor conveyance and deposition 失效
标题翻译：工业蒸汽输送和沉积
公开(公告)号：US06248399B1
公开(公告)日：2001-06-19
申请号：US08776381
申请日：1997-03-03
申请人： Franz Hehmann
发明人： Franz Hehmann
IPC分类号： C23C1454
CPC分类号： C23C14/14 , C23C14/22 , Y02T50/67 , Y10T137/85938
摘要： The invention pertains to porous diaphragm-controlled physical and chemical vapor conveyance and separation using condenser and diaphragm technology with a transdiaphragm selectivity Sk=1 or practically 1 and with a flow rate driven by the pump speed at the input of the pump station in the vacuum chamber of vapor separation level and the resulting, i.e., forced convection. The expanded diaphragm technique for suction-flow global vapor conveyance and separation is also used for flows driven locally by the vapor pressure. Novel diaphragm functions and novel process configurations and operational levels are described, the motive force for the massive conveyance between vapor source and separation and resulting productivity being set and limited by a gas/vapor produced by an external pump system, wherein the total gas-suction flow can locally assume very high flow speeds, m especially before separation, and thus permit new manipulations for product design and product quality. In the case of non-separation pulse transfer, including the use of an inert carrier gas component, and external cyclone and/or an external vapor separator and/or gas scrubbers can optionally be used in addition to the external pump system following passage through the vapor separation chamber. When a carrier gas is used, the gas is recycled into the gas supply system and reused.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及使用冷凝器和隔膜技术的多孔隔膜控制的物理和化学气相输送和分离，其具有隔膜选择性Sk = 1或实际上为1，并且在真空中泵站输入处的泵速度驱动的流量蒸汽分离水平和所产生的，即强制对流。用于抽吸流全局蒸气输送和分离的扩展隔膜技术也用于通过蒸汽压力局部驱动的流动。描述了新颖的隔膜功能和新颖的工艺结构和操作水平，蒸气源与分离之间的大规模输送的动力以及所产生的生产率由外部泵系统产生的气体/蒸气设定和限制，其中总吸气流动可以局部地采取非常高的流速，特别是在分离之前，因此允许对产品设计和产品质量进行新的操作。在非分离脉冲转移的情况下，包括使用惰性载气组分，以及外部旋风分离器和/或外部蒸汽分离器和/或气体洗涤器除了通过外部泵系统之外还可以任选地被使用蒸气分离室。当使用载气时，气体被再循环到气体供应系统中并重新使用。

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