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1. 发明授权

US06521115B2 Nickel-iron alloy-based anodes for aluminium electrowinning cells 失效
标题翻译：用于铝电解冶金电池的基于镍 - 铁合金的阳极
公开(公告)号：US06521115B2
公开(公告)日：2003-02-18
申请号：US09772285
申请日：2001-01-29
申请人： Jean-Jacques Duruz , Vittorio de Nora , Olivier Crottaz
发明人： Jean-Jacques Duruz , Vittorio de Nora , Olivier Crottaz
IPC分类号： C25C308
CPC分类号： C25C3/12 , C25C3/06
摘要： An anode of a cell for the electrowinning of aluminium comprises an iron-nickel alloy body or layer whose surface is oxidised to form a coherent and adherent outer iron oxide-based layer, in particular hematite, the surface of which is electrochemically active for the oxidation of oxygen ions and which reduces diffusion of oxygen from the electrochemically active surface into the iron-nickel alloy body or layer. The anode may be kept dimensionally stable during cell operation by maintaining a sufficient amount of dissolved alumina and iron species in the electrolyte to prevent dissolution of the outer oxide layer of the or each anode and by reducing the electrolyte operating temperature to limit dissolution of iron and by reducing the electrolyte operating temperature to limit dissolution of iron species in the electrolyte.
摘要翻译：用于电解电解铝的电池的阳极包括铁 - 镍合金体或其表面被氧化以形成相干和粘附的外部氧化铁基层，特别是赤铁矿的表面，其表面对于氧化具有电化学活性的氧离子，并且其将氧从电化学活性表面扩散到铁 - 镍合金体或层中。阳极可以在电池操作期间保持尺寸稳定，通过在电解质中保持足够量的溶解的氧化铝和铁物质以防止阳极的外部氧化物层的溶解和通过降低电解液的操作温度来限制铁的溶解和通过降低电解液的操作温度来限制铁物质在电解质中的溶解。

2. 发明授权

US06521116B2 Cells for the electrowinning of aluminium having dimensionally stable metal-based anodes 失效
标题翻译：用于电沉积具有尺寸稳定的金属阳极的铝的电池
公开(公告)号：US06521116B2
公开(公告)日：2003-02-18
申请号：US09772286
申请日：2001-01-29
申请人： Jean-Jacques Duruz , Vittorio de Nora , Olivier Crottaz
发明人： Jean-Jacques Duruz , Vittorio de Nora , Olivier Crottaz
IPC分类号： C25C308
CPC分类号： C25C3/12 , C25C3/06
摘要： A cell for the electrowinning of aluminium comprising one or more anodes (10), each having a metal-based anode substrate, for instance comprising a metal core (11) covered with an metal layer 12, an oxygen barrier layer (13), one or more intermediate layers (14; 14A, 14B) and an iron layer (15). The anode substrate is covered with an electrochemically active transition metal oxide layer, in particular an iron oxide-based outside layer (16) such as a hematite-based layer, which remains dimensionally stable during operation in a cell by maintaining in the electrolyte a sufficient concentration of iron species and dissolved alumina. The cell operating temperature is sufficiently low so species and dissolved alumina. The cell operating temperature is sufficiently low so that the required concentration of iron species in the electrolyte (5) is limited by the reduced solubility of iron species in the electrolyte at the operating temperature, which consequently limits the contamination of the product aluminium by iron to an acceptable level. The iron oxide-based layer (16) is usually an applied coating or an oxidised surface of a substrate (11, 12, 13, 14, 15), the surface (15) of which contains iron.
摘要翻译：一种用于电解提取铝的电池，包括一个或多个阳极（10），每个阳极（10）具有金属基阳极衬底，例如包括被金属层12覆盖的金属芯（11），氧阻隔层（13），一个或更多的中间层（14; 14A，14B）和铁层（15）。阳极衬底被电化学活性的过渡金属氧化物层，特别是基于氧化铁的外层（16）覆盖，例如基于赤铁矿的层，其在电池操作期间在尺寸上保持稳定，通过在电解质中维持足够的铁物质和溶解氧化铝的浓度。电池工作温度足够低，因此物质和溶解的氧化铝。电池工作温度足够低，使得电解质（5）中铁物质所需的浓度受到操作温度下铁物质在电解质中的溶解度的限制，从而将铁产品铝的污染限制在一个可以接受的水平氧化铁基层（16）通常是其表面（15）含有铁的基材（11,12,13,14,15）的涂布或氧化表面。

3. 发明授权

US06913682B2 Cells for the electrowinning of aluminium having dimensionally stable metal-based anodes 失效
标题翻译：用于电沉积具有尺寸稳定的金属阳极的铝的电池
公开(公告)号：US06913682B2
公开(公告)日：2005-07-05
申请号：US10303285
申请日：2002-11-25
申请人： Jean-Jacques Duruz , Vittorio de Nora , Olivier Crottaz
发明人： Jean-Jacques Duruz , Vittorio de Nora , Olivier Crottaz
IPC分类号： C25C3/06 , C25C3/12 , C25C3/08
CPC分类号： C25C3/06 , C25C3/12
摘要： A cell for the electrowinning of aluminium comprising one or more anodes (10), each having a metal-based anode substrate, for instance comprising a metal core (11) covered with an metal layer 12, an oxygen barrier layer (13), one or more intermediate layers (14; 14A, 14B) and an iron layer (15). The anode substrate is covered with an electrochemically active transition metal oxide layer, in particular an iron oxide-based outside layer (16) such as a hematite-based layer, which remains dimensionally stable during operation in a cell by maintaining in the electrolyte a sufficient concentration of iron species and dissolved alumina. The cell operating temperature is sufficiently low so that the required concentration of iron species in the electrolyte (5) is limited by the reduced solubility of iron species in the electrolyte at the operating temperature, which consequently limits the contamination of the product aluminium by iron to an acceptable level. The iron oxide-based layer (16) is usually an applied coating or an oxidised surface of a substrate (11, 12, 13, 14, 15), the surface (15) of which contains iron.
摘要翻译：一种用于电解提取铝的电池，包括一个或多个阳极（10），每个阳极（10）具有金属基阳极衬底，例如包括被金属层12覆盖的金属芯（11），氧阻隔层（13），一个或更多的中间层（14; 14A，14B）和铁层（15）。阳极衬底被电化学活性的过渡金属氧化物层，特别是基于氧化铁的外层（16）覆盖，例如基于赤铁矿的层，其在电池操作期间在尺寸上保持稳定，通过在电解质中维持足够的铁物质和溶解氧化铝的浓度。电池工作温度足够低，使得电解质（5）中铁物质所需的浓度受到操作温度下铁物质在电解质中的溶解度的限制，从而将铁产品铝的污染限制在一个可以接受的水平氧化铁基层（16）通常是其表面（15）含有铁的基材（11,12,13,14,15）的涂布或氧化表面。

4. 发明授权

US06372099B1 Cells for the electrowinning of aluminium having dimensionally stable metal-based anodes 失效
标题翻译：用于电沉积具有尺寸稳定的金属阳极的铝的电池
公开(公告)号：US06372099B1
公开(公告)日：2002-04-16
申请号：US09126839
申请日：1998-07-30
申请人： Jean-Jacques Duruz , Vittorio de Nora
发明人： Jean-Jacques Duruz , Vittorio de Nora
IPC分类号： C25C308
CPC分类号： C25C3/12 , C25C3/06
摘要： A cell for the electrowinning of aluminium comprising one or more anodes, each having a metal-based anode substrate, comprising a metal core covered with an metal layer, an oxygen barrier layer, one or more intermediate layers and an iron layer. The anode substrate is covered with an electrochemically active iron oxide-based outside layer, particularly a hematite-based layer, which remains dimensionally stable during operation in a cell by maintaining in the electrolyte a sufficient concentration of iron species. The cell operating temperature is sufficiently low so the required concentration of iron species in the electrolyte is limited by the reduced solubility of iron species in the electrolyte at the operating temperature, limiting the contamination of the product aluminium by iron to an acceptable level. The iron oxide-based layer is an applied coating or an oxidised surface of a substrate, the surface of which contains iron.
摘要翻译：一种用于电解提取铝的电池，包括一个或多个阳极，每个阳极均具有金属基阳极衬底，包括覆盖有金属层的金属芯，氧阻隔层，一个或多个中间层和铁层。阳极基底被电化学活性氧化铁基外层覆盖，特别是赤铁矿基层，其通过在电解液中维持足够浓度的铁种而在电池操作期间保持尺寸稳定。电池工作温度足够低，因此电解质中所需的铁物质浓度受到在操作温度下铁物质在电解质中的溶解度的限制，从而将产品铝的铁污染限制在可接受的水平。氧化铁基层是基材的涂布或氧化表面，其表面含有铁。

5. 发明授权

US06194096B1 Carbon bodies resistant to deterioration by oxidizing gases 失效
标题翻译：通过氧化气体耐恶化的碳体
公开(公告)号：US06194096B1
公开(公告)日：2001-02-27
申请号：US09101349
申请日：1998-11-25
申请人： Jainagesh A. Sekhar , Vittorio de Nora , Jean-Jacques Duruz
发明人： Jainagesh A. Sekhar , Vittorio de Nora , Jean-Jacques Duruz
IPC分类号： H01M488
CPC分类号： C04B41/009 , C04B41/5006 , C04B41/52 , C04B41/85 , C04B41/89 , C04B2111/00853 , C04B2111/00879 , C25C3/08 , C25C3/125 , C04B41/4535 , C04B41/4572 , C04B41/50 , C04B41/5089 , C04B41/522 , C04B41/5022 , C04B41/507 , C04B35/52 , C04B41/4521 , C04B41/4543 , C04B41/5007
摘要： A carbon body, in particular a prebaked anode of an electrolytic cell for the production of aluminum by the electrolysis of alumina in a molten fluoride electrolyte, is treated over its surfaces to improve the resistance thereof to deterioration during operation of the cell by air and oxidizing gases released at the anode, by immersing the body in a treating liquid containing a soluble boron compound and at least one additive from the group consisting of aluminum compounds, calcium compounds, sodium compounds, magnesium compounds, silicon compounds, elemental carbon, and elemental aluminum, said additive being in the form of a powder, in suspension such as a colloid, or in solution, e.g., at 80° to 120° C. The same treatment can also be applied to a carbon mass forming a Söderberg anode and to cell sidewalls. The additives increase strength and improve oxidation resistance compared to impregnation with boric acid alone.
摘要翻译：碳体，特别是用于通过在熔融氟化物电解质中电解氧化铝来生产铝的电解槽的预烘烤阳极在其表面上进行处理，以提高其在空气和氧化下电池操作期间的劣化性通过将体内浸入含有可溶性硼化合物的处理液和至少一种由铝化合物，钙化合物，钠化合物，镁化合物，硅化合物，元素碳和元素铝组成的组中的添加剂而释放出的气体所述添加剂为粉末状，悬浮液如胶体，或在溶液中，例如在80℃至120℃。同样的处理也可应用于形成Söderberg阳极和细胞的碳质量侧壁与单独使用硼酸浸渍相比，添加剂增加了强度并提高了抗氧化性。

6. 发明授权

US5071533A Cathode current collector for aluminum cells 失效
标题翻译：铝电池阴极电流收集器
公开(公告)号：US5071533A
公开(公告)日：1991-12-10
申请号：US466367
申请日：1990-03-15
申请人： Vittorio de Nora , Jean-Jacques Duruz
发明人： Vittorio de Nora , Jean-Jacques Duruz
IPC分类号： C25C20060101 , C25C3/08 , C25C3/16
CPC分类号： C25C3/16 , C25C3/08
摘要： An aluminum production cell with a non-conductive cell bottom composed predominantly of alumina (1) has a plurality of vertical current collector plates or posts (3), e.g., of steel protected at their upper ends by a carbon body (4), e.g., a plate, slab or cap which contacts the cathodic pool of molten aluminum (10).

7. 发明授权

US06533909B2 Bipolar cell for the production of aluminium with carbon cathodes 失效
标题翻译：用于生产具有碳阴极的铝的双极电池
公开(公告)号：US06533909B2
公开(公告)日：2003-03-18
申请号：US09772284
申请日：2001-01-29
申请人： Jean-Jacques Duruz , Vittorio de Nora
发明人： Jean-Jacques Duruz , Vittorio de Nora
IPC分类号： B01D5940
CPC分类号： C25C3/06 , C25C3/08 , C25C3/12
摘要： A bipolar cell for the electrowinning of aluminium has bipolar electrodes each comprising a carbon cathode body having on one side an active surface on which aluminium is produced and connected on the other side through an oxygen impermeable barrier layer to an electrochemically active anode layer having an oxygen evolving iron oxide-based outer surface. The anode layer may comprise a metal-based anode substrate and a transition metal oxide-based outside layer, in particular an iron oxide-based outside layer, which either is an applied layer or is obtainable by oxidising the surface of the anode substrate which contains iron. During operation, the anode layer can be kept dimensionally stable by maintaining in the electrolyte a concentration of transition metal species which are present as one or more corresponding transition metal oxides in the electrochemically-active layer. The cell operating temperature is sufficiently low so that the required concentration The cell operating temperature is sufficiently low so that the required concentration of transition metal species in the electrolyte is limited by the reduced solubility thereof in the electrolyte at the operating temperature. This limits the contamination of the product aluminium by the transition metal species to an acceptable level.
摘要翻译：用于电解电解铝的双极电池具有双极电极，每个双极电极包括碳阴极体，该碳阴极体的一侧具有生成铝的有源表面，另一侧通过不透氧阻挡层连接到具有氧的电化学活性阳极层不断发展的基于氧化铁的外表面。阳极层可以包括基于金属的阳极衬底和基于过渡金属氧化物的外层，特别是基于氧化铁的外层，其也可以是施加层，或者可以通过氧化阳极衬底的表面而获得，其包含铁。在操作期间，通过在电化学活性层中保持作为一种或多种相应的过渡金属氧化物存在的过渡金属物质的浓度来维持阳极层的尺寸稳定。电池工作温度足够低，使得所需的浓度电池工作温度足够低，使得电解质中过渡金属物质所需的浓度受到其在工作温度下在电解质中溶解度的降低的限制。这将产品铝的过渡金属物质的污染限制在可接受的水平。

8. 发明授权

US06379526B1 Non-carbon metal-based anodes for aluminium production cells 失效
标题翻译：铝生产电池的非碳金属阳极
公开(公告)号：US06379526B1
公开(公告)日：2002-04-30
申请号：US09616328
申请日：2000-07-15
申请人： Vittorio de Nora , Jean-Jacques Duruz
发明人： Vittorio de Nora , Jean-Jacques Duruz
IPC分类号： C25C308
CPC分类号： C25C3/12
摘要： A non-carbon metal-based anode of a cell for the electrowinning of aluminium comprising an electrically conductive metal substrate resistant to high temperature, the surface of which becomes passive and substantially inert to the electrolyte, and a coating adherent to the metal substrate making the surface of the anode electrochemically active for the oxidation of oxygen ions present at the electrolyte interface. The substrate metal may be selected from nickel, cobalt, chromium, molybdenum, tantalum and the Lanthanide series. The active constituents of the coating are for example oxides such as spinels or perovskites, oxyfluorides, phosphides or carbides, in particular ferrites. The active constituents may be coated onto the substrate from a slurry or suspension containing colloidal material and the electrochemically active material.
摘要翻译：一种用于电解电解铝的电池的非碳金属阳极，包括耐高温的导电金属基底，其表面变得钝化并对电解质基本惰性，并且附着在金属基底上的涂层使得阳极电化学活性的表面，用于氧化存在于电解质界面处的氧离子。基底金属可以选自镍，钴，铬，钼，钽和镧系元素。涂层的活性组分例如是氧化物，例如尖晶石或钙钛矿，氟氧化物，磷化物或碳化物，特别是铁氧体。活性成分可以从含有胶体材料和电化学活性材料的浆料或悬浮液涂覆到基材上。

9. 发明授权

US6077415A Multi-layer non-carbon metal-based anodes for aluminum production cells and method 失效
标题翻译：用于铝生产电池的多层非碳金属阳极和方法
公开(公告)号：US6077415A
公开(公告)日：2000-06-20
申请号：US126206
申请日：1998-07-30
申请人： Jean-Jacques Duruz , Vittorio de Nora
发明人： Jean-Jacques Duruz , Vittorio de Nora
IPC分类号： C25C3/12 , C25C7/02 , C25C3/08 , C25B11/00
CPC分类号： C25C7/025 , C25C3/12
摘要： A composite, high-temperature resistant, non-carbon metal-based anode of a cell for the electrowinning of aluminium comprises a metal-based core structure of low electrical resistance, for connecting the anode to a positive current supply, coated with a series of superimposed, adherent, electrically conductive layers. These layers consist of at least one layer on the core structure constituting a barrier substantially impervious to monoatomic oxygen and molecular oxygen; one or more intermediate, protective layers on the oxygen barrier layer which remain inactive in the reactions for the evolution of oxygen gas; and an electrochemically active layer for the oxidation reaction of oxygen ions present at the anode/electrolyte interface into nascent monoatomic oxygen, as well as for subsequent reaction for the formation of gaseous biatomic oxygen. The active layer on the outermost intermediate layer is slowly consumable during electrolysis and protects the intermediate protective layer by inhibiting its dissolution into the electrolyte.
摘要翻译：用于电解电解铝的电池的复合耐高温，非碳金属基阳极包括具有低电阻的金属基磁芯结构，用于将阳极连接到正电流源，涂覆有一系列叠加的，粘附的，导电的层。这些层由核心结构上的至少一层构成构成基本上不渗透单原子氧和分子氧的阻挡层; 阻氧层上的一个或多个中间保护层，在氧气放出反应中保持不活动; 以及用于氧化存在于阳极/电解质界面处的氧离子与新生单原子氧的氧化反应的电化学活性层，以及用于形成气态生物原子氧的后续反应。最外层中间层的活性层在电解过程中缓慢消耗，并通过抑制其溶解到电解质中来保护中间保护层。

10. 发明授权

US5203971A Composite cell bottom for aluminum electrowinning 失效
标题翻译：用于铝电解的复合电池底部
公开(公告)号：US5203971A
公开(公告)日：1993-04-20
申请号：US788919
申请日：1991-11-07
申请人： Vittorio de Nora , Jean-Jacques Duruz , Brian Cronin
发明人： Vittorio de Nora , Jean-Jacques Duruz , Brian Cronin
IPC分类号： C25C3/08
CPC分类号： C25C3/08
摘要： A cell for the electrowinning of aluminum from molten salts has a cell bottom lining consisting partly of a refractory mass (4 ) and partly of carbon bodies (5). At least 30% and preferably 50% or more of the cell bottom area is occupied by the refractory mass (4). The carbon bodies (5) are level with the refractory mass (4) or are recessed therein.
摘要翻译：用于从熔融盐中电解提取铝的电池具有部分由耐火材料（4）和部分碳体（5）组成的电池底部衬里。电池底部面积的至少30％，优选为50％以上被耐火材料块（4）所占据。碳体（5）与耐火材料块（4）平齐或凹入其中。

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