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1. 发明授权

US6031541A Method and apparatus for viewing panoramic three dimensional scenes 失效
标题翻译：用于观看全景三维场景的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US6031541A
公开(公告)日：2000-02-29
申请号：US723969
申请日：1996-09-27
申请人： James S. Lipscomb , William Louis Luken , Jai P. Menon
发明人： James S. Lipscomb , William Louis Luken , Jai P. Menon
IPC分类号： G06T15/20 , G06T17/00
CPC分类号： G06T15/205
摘要： A computer system generates a cylindrical environment map comprising a plurality of elements and associated information pertaining to images of a panoramic scene by storing in memory information associated with elements of a side image of the panoramic scene and information associated with elements of a top image and/or bottom image of the panoramic scene. For at least one element of the cylindrical environment map, if the element of the cylindrical environment map corresponds to an element of the side image, the information corresponding to the element of the side image is associated with the element of the cylindrical environment map. However, if the element of the cylindrical environment map corresponds to an element of the top image (or bottom image), the information corresponding to the element of the top image (or bottom image) is associated with the element of the cylindrical environment map. The information associated with elements of the side image, top image and/or bottom image may be color of the panoramic scene at the element, depth of the panoramic scene at the element, or an action related to the element. Also presented is a computer system that renders a view of such a cylindrical environment map for display.
摘要翻译：计算机系统通过存储与全景场景的侧面图像的元素相关联的存储器信息和与顶部图像的元素相关联的信息来生成包括与全景场景的图像有关的多个元素和相关信息的圆柱形环境地图和/ 或全景场景的底部图像。对于圆柱形环境图的至少一个元素，如果圆柱形环境图的元素对应于侧面图像的元素，则与侧面图像的元素相对应的信息与圆柱形环境图的元素相关联。然而，如果圆柱形环境图的元素对应于顶部图像（或底部图像）的元素，则与顶部图像（或底部图像）的元素相对应的信息与圆柱形环境图的元素相关联。与侧面图像，顶部图像和/或底部图像的元素相关联的信息可以是元素处的全景场景的颜色，元素处的全景场景的深度或与元素相关的动作。还提出了一种计算机系统，其呈现用于显示的这种圆柱形环境图的视图。

2. 发明授权

US5912670A Method and apparatus for overlaying a bit map image on an environment map 失效
标题翻译：在地图上叠加位图图像的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US5912670A
公开(公告)日：1999-06-15
申请号：US723970
申请日：1996-09-27
申请人： James S. Lipscomb , William Louis Luken , Jai P. Menon , Bengt-Olaf Schneider
发明人： James S. Lipscomb , William Louis Luken , Jai P. Menon , Bengt-Olaf Schneider
IPC分类号： G06T15/10 , G06T17/00
CPC分类号： G06T15/10
摘要： The computer system of the present invention generates a view of a scene by storing in memory color values associated with elements of an environment map representing the scene and color values associated with elements of a bit map image that is separate from the environment map. The bit map image is orientated with respect to the coordinate system of the environment map. The environment map is projected onto a view window that comprises an array of pixels. For at least one pixel of the view window covered by the bit map image, the element of the bit map image that corresponds to the pixel of the view plane is determined and a color value of the pixel is derived based upon the color value of the corresponding element of the bit map image. The derived color value of the pixel of the view window is stored for display. The computer system may also store in memory depth values associated with the elements of the bit map image and depth values associated with pixels of the view window. In this scenario, when the depth value associated with the pixel and a depth value associated with the element indicate that the element of the bit map image is nearer to the view point than the pixel of the view window, the computer system derives a color value of the pixel of the view window based upon color value of the corresponding element of the bit map image and stores the derived color value of the pixel for display.
摘要翻译：本发明的计算机系统通过存储与表示场景的环境地图的元素相关联的颜色值和与环境地图分离的位图图像的元素相关联的颜色值来存储场景的视图。位图图像相对于环境图的坐标系定向。环境地图被投影到包括像素阵列的视窗上。对于由位图图像覆盖的视图窗口的至少一个像素，确定与图像像素的像素相对应的位图图像的元素，并且基于像素的颜色值导出像素的颜色值位图图像的相应元素。视图窗口的像素的导出颜色值被存储以供显示。计算机系统还可以存储与位图图像的元素相关联的存储器深度值和与视图窗口的像素相关联的深度值。在这种情况下，当与像素相关联的深度值和与元素相关联的深度值指示位图图像的元素比视图窗口的像素更靠近视点时，计算机系统导出颜色值基于位图图像的相应元素的颜色值来存储视图窗口的像素，并存储用于显示的像素的导出颜色值。

3. 发明授权

US06230167B1 Method and apparatus for generating and displaying hotlinks in a panoramic three dimensional scene 失效
标题翻译：在全景三维场景中生成和显示热链接的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US06230167B1
公开(公告)日：2001-05-08
申请号：US08749747
申请日：1996-11-15
申请人： James S. Lipscomb , William Louis Luken , Jai P. Menon , Bengt-Olaf Schneider
发明人： James S. Lipscomb , William Louis Luken , Jai P. Menon , Bengt-Olaf Schneider
IPC分类号： G06F300
CPC分类号： G06T15/205
摘要： In a panoramic scene represented by a first environment map comprising a plurality of elements each associated with a color value representing color of the corresponding element, hotlink areas in the scene are defined by a second environment map comprising a plurality of elements. The elements of the second environment map correspond to the elements of said first environment map according to a mapping function. At least one element of the second environment map is associated with hotlink data identifying an action to be performed upon user selection of at least one element of the first environment map that correspond to the at least one element of the second environment map. Preferably, the hotlink data associated with the at least one element of the second environment map includes a color value associated with the element of said second environment map and an entry in a table associating the color value with data identifying the action to be performed upon selection of the at least one element of the first environment map. The hotlink areas defined by the second environment map are displayed by identifying the at least one element of the second environment map, modifying the color value of the elements of the first environment that correspond to the at least one element of the second environment, thereby producing a modified first environment map. The modified first environment map is then rendered for display.
摘要翻译：在由包括与表示相应元素的颜色的颜色值相关联的多个元素的第一环境地图表示的全景场景中，场景中的热链接区域由包括多个元素的第二环境地图来定义。第二环境地图的元素根据映射函数对应于所述第一环境地图的元素。第二环境地图的至少一个元素与识别在用户选择对应于第二环境地图的至少一个元素的第一环境地图的至少一个元素时要执行的动作的热链接数据相关联。优选地，与第二环境地图的至少一个元素相关联的热链接数据包括与所述第二环境地图的元素相关联的颜色值和表中的条目，其将颜色值与识别选择时要执行的动作的数据相关联的第一环境地图的至少一个元素。通过识别第二环境地图的至少一个元素来修改由第二环境地图定义的热链接区域，修改与第二环境的至少一个元素对应的第一环境的元素的颜色值，由此产生修改后的第一个环境地图。然后将修改的第一环境地图呈现以进行显示。

4. 发明授权

US06791598B1 Methods and apparatus for information capture and steroscopic display of panoramic images 有权
标题翻译：用于信息采集和立体显示全景图像的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US06791598B1
公开(公告)日：2004-09-14
申请号：US09528260
申请日：2000-03-17
申请人： William Louis Luken , Zon-Yin Shae
发明人： William Louis Luken , Zon-Yin Shae
IPC分类号： H04N700
CPC分类号： H04N13/261 , H04N2013/0081
摘要： Methods and apparatus are provided to capture a real three dimensional scene, including both color and depth information, and subsequently use the resulting color and depth information to produce separate images for a viewer's left and right eyes, thereby producing a stereoscopic view of the original scene.
摘要翻译：提供方法和装置以捕获包括颜色和深度信息的真实三维场景，并且随后使用所得到的颜色和深度信息来为观看者的左眼和右眼产生分开的图像，从而产生原始场景的立体视图。

5. 发明申请

US20090313202A1 SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR AUTOMATED SEARCH-BASED PROBLEM DETERMINATION AND RESOLUTION FOR COMPLEX SYSTEMS 审中-公开
标题翻译：用于复杂系统的基于自动搜索的问题确定和分辨率的系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US20090313202A1
公开(公告)日：2009-12-17
申请号：US12138991
申请日：2008-06-13
申请人： Genady Grabarnik , Sidney Lawrence Hantler , Shwartz Larisa , William Louis Luken
发明人： Genady Grabarnik , Sidney Lawrence Hantler , Shwartz Larisa , William Louis Luken
IPC分类号： G06N5/02
CPC分类号： G06F16/288 , G06F16/24578 , G06F16/2458 , G06N5/022
摘要： Systems and methods are provided to implement automated search-based problem determination and resolution systems in which a domain-specific data model for a class of complex systems, which is representative of structural relationships of entities within the class of complex systems, is utilized to provide enhanced domain-specific content searching and search results ranking for problem determination and resolution for complex systems.
摘要翻译：提供了系统和方法来实现基于自动搜索的问题确定和解决系统，其中利用复杂系统类中的实体的结构关系代表复杂系统类的域特定数据模型来提供针对复杂系统的问题确定和解决方案，增强了域特定内容搜索和搜索结果排名。

6. 发明授权

US5649078A Efficient two-pass rasterization scheme utilizing visibility information 失效
标题翻译：利用可见性信息的高效双向光栅化方案
公开(公告)号：US5649078A
公开(公告)日：1997-07-15
申请号：US408513
申请日：1995-03-22
申请人： John Alan Gerth , Shawn Anthony Hall , William Louis Luken
发明人： John Alan Gerth , Shawn Anthony Hall , William Louis Luken
IPC分类号： G06T15/40 , G06T15/00
CPC分类号： G06T15/405
摘要： The rasterization process is separated into two modes, a test mode and a normal mode, to eliminate shading calculations associated with all-hidden triangles, thereby providing improved efficiency over prior rasterization schemes.
摘要翻译：光栅化过程被分为两种模式，即测试模式和正常模式，以消除与全隐藏三角形相关联的着色计算，从而提供比以前的光栅化方案更高的效率。

7. 发明授权

US6057851A Computer graphics system having efficient texture mapping with perspective correction 失效
标题翻译：具有透视校正的高效纹理映射的计算机图形系统
公开(公告)号：US6057851A
公开(公告)日：2000-05-02
申请号：US54021
申请日：1998-04-02
申请人： William Louis Luken , Chandrasekhar Narayanaswami
发明人： William Louis Luken , Chandrasekhar Narayanaswami
IPC分类号： G06T15/04 , G06T17/00
CPC分类号： G06T15/04
摘要： A computer graphics system stores graphics data the represents one or more three dimensional objects. The objects are represented by one or more primitives each defined by a plurality of vertices. The graphics systems renders the objects to generate a two dimensional image for display. During the rendering operation, coordinates of vertices of said primitives are subjected to a perspective transformation. The present invention provides a method and apparatus that uses at least one look-up table for mapping a texture function to pixels covered by at least one of said primitives.
摘要翻译：计算机图形系统存储表示一个或多个三维对象的图形数据。对象由一个或多个由多个顶点定义的基元表示。图形系统呈现对象以生成用于显示的二维图像。在渲染操作期间，对所述图元的顶点的坐标进行透视变换。本发明提供一种方法和装置，其使用至少一个查找表来将纹理函数映射到由所述原语中的至少一个覆盖的像素。

8. 发明授权

US5923334A Polyhedral environment map utilizing a triangular data structure 失效
标题翻译：利用三角形数据结构的多面体环境图
公开(公告)号：US5923334A
公开(公告)日：1999-07-13
申请号：US720321
申请日：1996-09-27
申请人： William Louis Luken
发明人： William Louis Luken
IPC分类号： G06T15/20 , G06T11/40
CPC分类号： G06T15/205
摘要： The present invention generates an environment map by storing in memory color values associated with pixels of an image representing the panoramic scene. For at least one element of each facet of the environment map, a mapping operation is performed that comprises the following steps. A direction vector is generated that corresponds to the element. A pixel of the image that corresponds to the direction vector is determined. A color value is derived based upon a stored color value associated with the pixel of the image, and the derived color value is stored at a location in memory associated with the element of the environment map. A view of the environment map is generated by determining a view window corresponding to a field of view. The view window comprises an array of pixels identified by a plurality of rows and columns. The environment map is mapped to the view window for display. The mapping step includes the following steps for each pixel of the view window. A direction vector is generated that corresponds to the pixel of the view window. A facet of the environment map intersected by the direction vector is determined. An element of the intersected facet which corresponds to the direction vector is determined. A color value is derived based upon a color value of the element of the environment map corresponding to the direction vector, and the derived color value is stored as the color value of the pixel of the view window for display.
摘要翻译：本发明通过存储与表示全景场景的图像的像素相关联的颜色值来生成环境地图。对于环境图的每个面的至少一个元素，执行包括以下步骤的映射操作。生成与元素对应的方向向量。确定与方向矢量对应的图像的像素。基于与图像的像素相关联的存储的颜色值导出颜色值，并且将导出的颜色值存储在与环境地图的元素相关联的存储器中的位置处。通过确定与视场对应的视图窗口来生成环境地图的视图。视图窗口包括由多个行和列标识的像素阵列。环境映射映射到视图窗口进行显示。映射步骤包括对于视图窗口的每个像素的以下步骤。生成与视图窗口的像素对应的方向向量。确定由方向矢量相交的环境图的一面。确定对应于方向矢量的相交面的元素。基于与方向矢量对应的环境地图的元素的颜色值导出颜色值，并且导出的颜色值被存储为用于显示的视图窗口的像素的颜色值。

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