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1. 发明授权

US5870447A Method and apparatus for generating low energy nuclear particles 失效
标题翻译：用于产生低能核粒子的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US5870447A
公开(公告)日：1999-02-09
申请号：US774669
申请日：1996-12-30
申请人： James R. Powell , Morris Reich , Hans Ludewig , Michael Todosow
发明人： James R. Powell , Morris Reich , Hans Ludewig , Michael Todosow
IPC分类号： A61N5/10 , G21G1/10
CPC分类号： G21G1/10 , A61N2005/109
摘要： A particle accelerator (12) generates an input particle beam having an initial energy level above a threshold for generating secondary nuclear particles. A thin target (14) is rotated in the path of the input beam for undergoing nuclear reactions to generate the secondary particles and correspondingly decrease energy of the input beam to about the threshold. The target (14) produces low energy secondary particles and is effectively cooled by radiation and conduction. A neutron scatterer (44) and a neutron filter (42) are also used for preferentially degrading the secondary particles into a lower energy range if desired.
摘要翻译：粒子加速器（12）产生具有高于阈值的初始能级的输入粒子束，用于产生二次核粒子。薄靶（14）在用于进行核反应的输入光束的路径中旋转以产生二次粒子并相应地将输入光束的能量降低到大约阈值。目标（14）产生低能二次粒子，并被辐射和传导有效地冷却。如果需要，中子散射体（44）和中子过滤器（42）也用于优先将次级粒子降解成较低的能量范围。

2. 发明授权

US06941878B2 Advanced vitrification system 2 失效
标题翻译：高级玻璃化系统2
公开(公告)号：US06941878B2
公开(公告)日：2005-09-13
申请号：US10605384
申请日：2003-09-26
申请人： James R Powell , Morris Reich
发明人： James R Powell , Morris Reich
IPC分类号： B09B3/00 , C03B5/00 , C03B5/02 , C03B5/033 , C03B5/26 , C03B5/43 , F23B7/00 , F23J1/02
CPC分类号： G21F9/305 , B09B3/005 , C03B5/005 , C03B5/021 , C03B5/0336 , C03B5/26 , C03B5/43 , Y02P40/52
摘要： A melter for the vitrification of waste, and method of using the melter, in the form of a disposal canister, wherein the melter is capable of filling multiple disposal canisters of waste and subsequently of being filled with vitrified waste and disposed of in like manner to that of a disposal canister. In the method of the invention, while waste is loaded into the melter, it is melted and then allowed to flow out of the melter and into a disposal container. The filled disposal container is then removed and and replaced with an empty disposal container. This is repeated until a fixed number of disposal containers are filled. Then, the melter is filled with vitrified waste and disposed of in the same manner as for a disposal canister.
摘要翻译：用于废弃物玻璃化的熔化器和使用熔化器的方法以处理罐的形式，其中胶机能够填充废弃物的多个废弃物，随后填充玻璃化废物并以类似方式处理处置罐的那个。在本发明的方法中，当将废物装入胶机时，熔化，然后允许其从熔化器流出并进入处理容器。然后将填充的处理容器取出并用空的处理容器代替。直到固定数量的处理容器被填满。然后，以与废弃罐相同的方式填充玻璃化废物并进行处理。

3. 发明授权

US06485404B1 Advanced vitrification system improvements 失效
标题翻译：先进的玻璃化系统改进
公开(公告)号：US06485404B1
公开(公告)日：2002-11-26
申请号：US10063260
申请日：2002-04-04
申请人： James R. Powell , Morris Reich
发明人： James R. Powell , Morris Reich
IPC分类号： B09B300
CPC分类号： G21F9/302 , B09B3/005 , C03B5/005 , Y02P40/52
摘要： A process of making vitrified waste in a crucible and inserting the crucible and vitrified waste into an outer container after vitrification. The outer container is then sealed.
摘要翻译：在坩埚中制造玻璃化废物并将坩埚和玻璃化废物在玻璃化之后插入外部容器的过程。然后将外容器密封。

4. 发明授权

US06211424B1 Advanced vitrification system 失效
标题翻译：先进的玻璃化系统
公开(公告)号：US06211424B1
公开(公告)日：2001-04-03
申请号：US09350194
申请日：1999-07-09
申请人： James R. Powell , Morris Reich
发明人： James R. Powell , Morris Reich
IPC分类号： G21F900
CPC分类号： G21F9/305 , C03B5/005 , C03B19/09 , Y02P40/52 , Y02P40/57
摘要： The AVS invention provides for an apparatus and process for its practice involving the vitrification of waste materials, such as nuclear waste, inside a disposable canister. The preferred embodiment of the process includes a canister having outer and inner containers with thermal insulation therebetween. Solid frit sections are placed inside the inner container to create one or more regions for receiving waste. The waste is then loaded into the regions. The inner canister is heated to melt the frit and waste and mix them once molten. The melted mixture is then cooled to form a vitrified product in the module. In an alternative process, chunks of frit are mixed with waste and loaded into the empty canister. The mixture is then melted and cooled inside the disposal canister.
摘要翻译： AVS发明提供了一种用于其实践的设备和方法，其涉及在一次性罐内的废物材料（例如核废料）的玻璃化。该方法的优选实施方案包括具有在其间具有热绝缘性的外容器和内容器的罐。固体玻璃料部分放置在内部容器内部以形成用于接收废物的一个或多个区域。然后将废物装入该区域。将内罐加热熔化玻璃料并将其废弃并一次熔融混合。然后将熔融的混合物冷却以在模块中形成玻璃化产品。在一个替代过程中，大块块玻璃料与废物混合并装入空罐中。然后将混合物在处理罐内熔化并冷却。

5. 发明授权

US07368091B2 Cesium and strontium capsule disposal package 有权
标题翻译：铯和锶胶囊处理包装
公开(公告)号：US07368091B2
公开(公告)日：2008-05-06
申请号：US10250097
申请日：2003-06-03
申请人： Bernard Manowitz , Morris Reich , James R. Powell , Louis Ventre, Jr.
发明人： Bernard Manowitz , Morris Reich , James R. Powell , Louis Ventre, Jr.
IPC分类号： B32B9/04
CPC分类号： G21F5/005 , G21Y2002/301 , G21Y2002/304 , G21Y2002/60 , G21Y2004/30 , Y10S588/90
摘要： A package and process of using the package for disposal of radioactive cesium and strontium waste capsules. The package comprises a standard Hanford vitrified high-level waste canister as an outer container, which is approximately filled with three components: the first is a monolithic material with a defined cavity having a composite density less than about 3.5 grams per cubic centimeter and a melting temperature above that expected within the disposal package; the second is a frame for limiting relative movement of the capsules; and, the third are components forming an uninterrupted physical contact, thermal conduction pathway from the waste container to the outside of the package. The package includes lids for closing the disposal package. In the method of the invention, the capsules are loaded into position within the monolithic material, encased in thermally conducting material, and then lids are added to close the package.
摘要翻译：使用包装处理放射性铯和锶废胶囊的包装和工艺。该包装包括标准的Hanford玻璃化高级废物罐作为外部容器，其大致填充有三个部件：第一个是具有限定的空腔的整体材料，其复合密度小于约3.5克/立方厘米，熔化温度高于预期的处置包装; 第二个是用于限制胶囊的相对运动的框架; 第三个是形成从废物容器到包装外部的不间断物理接触，热传导路径的部件。包装包括用于关闭处理包装的盖子。在本发明的方法中，将胶囊装入整体材料内的位置，包裹在导热材料中，然后加盖盖以封闭包装。

6. 发明授权

US06558308B2 AVS melting process 有权
标题翻译： AVS熔化工艺
公开(公告)号：US06558308B2
公开(公告)日：2003-05-06
申请号：US10063460
申请日：2002-04-25
申请人： James R. Powell , Morris Reich
发明人： James R. Powell , Morris Reich
IPC分类号： A62D300
CPC分类号： G21F9/305 , B09B3/0075 , C03B5/005 , C03B5/021 , C03B5/08 , G21F9/308 , Y02P40/52
摘要： The Advanced Vitrification System (AVS) Melting Process is a process for vitrification of waste in a disposable canister. In the process, waste is dropped into the disposable canister from the top. While the waste is being dropped into the disposable canister, radiant energy is added to the space above the waste in the canister, such that the temperature of the gaseous atmosphere above the waste is higher than the melting point of the waste. Since only the space above the waste in the canister is heated, the temperature of the melt decreases with increasing depth of the waste in the canister. The decreasing temperature permits a small surface melt volume to be maintained and solidified product to form with increasing depth. The process continues until the disposable canister is filled, then all heating is stopped and the disposable canister allowed to cool to ambient temperature.
摘要翻译：先进的玻璃化系统（AVS）熔化过程是一次性罐中废物玻璃化的过程。在此过程中，垃圾从顶部落入一次性罐中。当废物被丢弃到一次性罐中时，辐射能量被添加到罐中的废物上方的空间中，使得废物上方的气态气体的温度高于废物的熔点。由于只有罐中的废物上方的空间被加热，熔体的温度随着罐中废物的深度的增加而减小。降低的温度允许保持小的表面熔融体积并且随着深度增加而形成固化的产品。该过程一直持续到一次性罐被填充，然后停止所有加热并且一次性罐被允许冷却至环境温度。

7. 发明授权

US06283908B1 Vitrification of waste with conitnuous filling and sequential melting 有权
标题翻译：具有饱和填充和顺序熔化的废物玻璃化
公开(公告)号：US06283908B1
公开(公告)日：2001-09-04
申请号：US09564774
申请日：2000-05-04
申请人： James R. Powell , Morris Reich
发明人： James R. Powell , Morris Reich
IPC分类号： B09B300
CPC分类号： C03B5/021 , C03B5/005 , C03B5/06 , G21F9/305 , Y02P40/52
摘要： A method of filling a canister with vitrified waste starting with a waste, such as high-level radioactive waste, that is cooler than its melting point. Waste is added incrementally to a canister forming a column of waste capable of being separated into an upper zone and a lower zone. The minimum height of the column is defined such that the waste in the lower zone can be dried and melted while maintaining the waste in the upper zone below its melting point. The maximum height of the column is such that the upper zone remains porous enough to permit evolved gases from the lower zone to flow through the upper zone and out of the canister. Heat is applied to the waste in the lower zone to first dry then to raise and maintain its temperature to a target temperature above the melting point of the waste. Then the heat is applied to a new lower zone above the melted waste and the process of adding, drying and melting the waste continues upward in the canister until the entire canister is filled and the entire contents are melted and maintained at the target temperature for the desired period. Cooling of the melted waste takes place incrementally from the bottom of the canister to the top, or across the entire canister surface area, forming a vitrified product.
摘要翻译：一种用玻璃化废弃物填充罐的方法，其以比其熔点更冷的废物（例如高放射性废物）开始。废弃物逐渐加入到形成能够分离成上部区域和下部区域的废弃物塔的罐中。定义柱的最小高度，使得下部区域中的废物可以被干燥和熔化，同时将上部区域中的废物保持在其熔点以下。柱的最大高度使得上部区域保持足够多孔，以允许来自下部区域的放出的气体流过上部区域并且流出罐。将热量施加到下部区域中的废物中以首先干燥，以将其温度升高至高于废物熔点的目标温度。然后将热量施加到熔融废物上方的新的下部区域，并且在罐中向上加入，干燥和熔化废物的过程继续向上，直到整个罐被填充，并且将整个内容物熔化并保持在目标温度期望期熔化的废物的冷却从罐的底部到顶部或整个罐表面区域逐渐发生，形成玻璃化产品。

8. 发明授权

US5678237A In-situ vitrification of waste materials 失效
标题翻译：废物原位玻璃化
公开(公告)号：US5678237A
公开(公告)日：1997-10-14
申请号：US668906
申请日：1996-06-24
申请人： James R. Powell , Morris Reich , Robert Barletta
发明人： James R. Powell , Morris Reich , Robert Barletta
IPC分类号： C03B5/00 , C03B5/02 , G21F9/16 , G21F9/36 , G21F9/00
CPC分类号： G21F9/16 , C03B5/005 , C03B5/021 , G21F9/36 , Y02P40/52
摘要： A method for the in-situ vitrification of waste materials in a disposable can that includes an inner container and an outer container is disclosed. The method includes the steps of adding frit and waste materials to the inner container, removing any excess water, heating the inner container such that the frit and waste materials melt and vitrify after cooling, while maintaining the outer container at a significantly lower temperature than the inner container. The disposable can is then cooled to ambient temperatures and stored. A device for the in-situ vitrification of waste material in a disposable can is also disclosed.
摘要翻译：公开了一种包括内容器和外容器的一次性罐中的废料原位玻璃化的方法。该方法包括以下步骤：向内部容器中加入玻璃料和废料，除去多余的水，加热内部容器，使得玻璃料和废料在冷却后熔化和玻璃化，同时将外部容器保持在比内容器然后将一次性罐冷却至环境温度并储存。还公开了一次性罐中废料原位玻璃化的装置。

9. 发明授权

US06479021B2 Advanced vitrification system pyrographite 失效
标题翻译：先进的玻璃化系统热像仪
公开(公告)号：US06479021B2
公开(公告)日：2002-11-12
申请号：US09733526
申请日：2000-12-11
申请人： James R. Powell , Morris Reich
发明人： James R. Powell , Morris Reich
IPC分类号： B32B2704
CPC分类号： G21F9/305 , C03B5/005 , C03B19/09 , Y02P40/52 , Y02P40/57
摘要： A device for improving waste vitrification in a disposable canister, the process for using the device, and the process for making the device. The disposable canister, also known as a module, has outer and inner containers with thermal insulation therebetween. The device includes an inner container of graphite having a layer of pyrographite on its external wall. The outer container is typically made of stainless steel. The inner container is heated, typically by induction, to melt the frit and waste. The melted mixture is then cooled to form a vitrified product in the module. The fabrication of the pyrographite coating on the inner container involves heating the container to about 1500 degrees centigrade in a methane atmosphere, then cooling the container to ambient temperature.
摘要翻译：一种用于改善一次性罐中的废玻璃化的装置，使用该装置的方法以及用于制造该装置的方法。一次性罐也称为模块，具有在其间具有热绝缘性的外部和内部容器。该装置包括在其外壁上具有热像仪层的石墨内容器。外容器通常由不锈钢制成。通常通过感应加热内部容器以熔化玻璃料并浪费。然后将熔融的混合物冷却以在模块中形成玻璃化产品。在内容器上制造热解层包括将容器在甲烷气氛中加热至约1500摄氏度，然后将容器冷却至环境温度。

10. 发明授权

US06395954B2 Advanced vitrification system frit 失效
标题翻译：先进的玻璃化玻璃料
公开(公告)号：US06395954B2
公开(公告)日：2002-05-28
申请号：US09740916
申请日：2000-12-20
申请人： James R. Powell , Morris Reich
发明人： James R. Powell , Morris Reich
IPC分类号： G21F916
CPC分类号： C03B5/005 , C03B19/09 , G21F9/305 , Y02P40/52
摘要： A process for improving waste vitrification in a disposable canister. In the process, chunks of frit are combined with waste and then added to the disposable canister. The waste and frit are then heated to melt the frit and waste. The melted mixture is then cooled to form a vitrified product in the module.
摘要翻译：一种用于改善一次性罐中的废玻璃化的方法。在此过程中，大块块玻璃料与废物相结合，然后加入一次性罐中。然后将废料和玻璃料加热以熔化玻璃料并浪费。然后将熔融的混合物冷却以在模块中形成玻璃化产品。

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